LAFCO
Iid Service Area Plan
Read the report at Local Agency Formation Commissions ↗
Draft
Service Area Plan
2019
For Submission to Imperial County LAFCO
Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1
A. IID GOVERNANCE ................................................................................................................................. 1
B. SERVICE AREA PLAN INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE .......................................................................... 1
C. SERVICE AREA PLAN REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 9
D. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE............................................................................................................. 9
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 11
A. AREA GROWTH SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 11
B. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS .................................................................................................................... 12
III. GROWTH AND POPULATION PROJECTIONS........................................................................................... 19
A. REGIONAL SETTING AND CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................................... 19
B. GROWTH PROJECTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 23
C. IMPACTS FROM LAND USE CHANGES ................................................................................................ 31
IV. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND SERVICES .......................................................................................................... 33
A. RAW WATER FACILITIES ...................................................................................................................... 34
B. IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES ..................................................................................................... 49
C. ENERGY FACILITIES .............................................................................................................................. 57
D. CONSERVATION PROGRAMS AND SERVICES ...................................................................................... 74
E. ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES AND SUPPORT FACILITIES ....................................................................... 98
V. FINANCING PLAN .................................................................................................................................. 114
A. EXISTING REVENUE SOURCES ........................................................................................................... 114
B. CURRENT FACILITY FINANCING & RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................. 118
C. POTENTIAL ADDITIONAL RESOURCES FOR CAPITAL NEEDS .............................................................. 128
i
Tables
Table I-1 Communities Within Service Areas ………………………………………………………………………. 6
Table E-1 Service Area Population Projections …………………………………………………………………….. 11
Table G-1 Disadvantaged Communities Within Service Areas ………………………………………………. 22
Table G-2 Imperial Region Population Projections ……………………………………………………………….. 24
Table G-3 Coachella Valley Region Population Projections …………………………………………………… 24
Table G-4 Service Area Population Projections …………………………………………………………………… 25
Table G-5 Non-Agricultural Water Demand Projections ……………………………………………………….. 26
Table G-6 Agricultural Water Demand Projections as AFY …………………………………………………… 27
Table G-7 Total Water Demand Projections as AFY ………………………………………………………………. 27
Table G-8 IID Net Energy for Loan (NEL) Requirements ………………………………………………………… 30
Table G-9 2018 Energy Load Forecast Expected Case Gross CP and NEL ……………………………….. 31
Table W-1 IID 2018 Water Distribution System ……………………………………………………………………… 39
Table W-2 IID 2018 Reservoir Specifications …………………………………………………………………………. 39
Table W-3 IID 2018 Flow Monitoring and Control Devices …………………………………………………….. 40
Table W-4 IID Metering Equipment ………………………………………………………………………………………. 40
Table W-5 Non-Agricultural Water Demand Projections ……………………………………………………….. 43
Table W-6 Agricultural Water Demand Projections and Total Water Demand ………………………. 44
Table D-1 IID Drainage Systems ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
Table D-2 IID Drain Monitoring Practices ……………………………………………………………………………… 52
Table E-1 IID Thermal Generation Plants/Units ……………………………………………………………………. 63
Table E-2 2018 Energy Load Forecast Expected Case Gross CP and NEL ………………………………. 69
Table CW-1 System Conservation Program Historic Conservation Yields …………………………………. 80
Table CW-2 TLCFP Historic Conservation Yields ……………………………………………………………………… 81
Table CW-3 On-Farm Efficiency conservation Program Historic Conservation Yields ………………. 82
Table CW-4 Water Efficiency Programs Historic Conservation Yields ………………………………………. 82
Table CW-5 Total Water Conservation Targets ………………………………………………………………………… 83
Table CW-6 Planned Operational Main Canal Reservoirs & Estimated Conservation Yields …….. 84
Table CW-7 Planned Mid-Lateral Reservoir and Intertie Project Conservation Yields ……………….. 85
Table CE-1 IID Board Adopted Energy Savings Targets …………………………………………………………… 94
Table A-1 Administration and Support Facilities Inventory …………………………………………………… 106
Table A-2 Office Space Adequacy for Administrative and Support Staff ……………………………….. 109
Table A-3 Administrative Facilities Demand …………………………………………………………………………. 111
Table F-1 2019 Interim Water Supply Policy Development Impact Fee ………………………………… 116
Table F-2 2019 Interim Water Supply Policy Reservation Fee ……………………………………………… 116
Table F-3 Adopted 2018 Water Rate Schedule …………………………………………………………………….. 119
Table F-4 Planned Water Capital Project Costs ……………………………………………………………………. 120
Table F-5 Charge for Drainage Services ……………………………………………………………………………….. 121
Table F-6 Projected Drainage Facilities Costs ………………………………………………………………………. 122
Table F-7 Limited Schedule of Energy Rates ………………………………………………………………………… 123
Table F-8 Planned Capital Energy Project Costs ……………………………………………………………………. 124
Table F-9 Planned Water Transfer Capital Project Costs ……………………………………………………… 126
Table F-10 Planned Administrative Facilities Capital Project Costs …………………………………………. 128
ii
Figures
Figure 1 Imperial Irrigation District Boundaries …..………………………………………………………….. 3
Figure 2 IID Water Service Area ………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
Figure 3 IID Energy Service Area ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5
Figure 4 IID Service Population ………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
Figure 5 Imperial Unit Canal Network ………………………………………………………………………………. 37
Figure 6 Water Quality Monitoring Program Sites ……………………………………………………………. 52
Figure 7 Energy Distribution Projects for Total IID System ……………………………………………….. 67
Figure 8 CDWAR Colorado Hydrologic Region Groundwater Basins ………………………………….. 86
Figure 9 Renewable Energy Resources 2017 Breakdown …………………………………………………. 90
iii
INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND
I. INTRODUCTION
The Imperial Irrigation District (“IID”) is a public entity organized in 1911 pursuant to the Irrigation
District Law (California Water Code sections 20500 et. seq.). IID is empowered to provide irrigation
and energy related services to customers within its district boundaries and, through service
contracts, to customers outside of its district boundaries. The district has the powers of eminent
domain and is authorized to contract, to construct works, to fix rates and charges for commodities
or services furnished, and to incur indebtedness related to its functions and purposes.
A. IID GOVERNANCE
The governing structure of the IID consists of an elected five-member Board of Directors that
meet the first and third Tuesday of every month at 1285 Broadway, in El Centro, California.
IID is managed by a board appointed general manager. IID’s general counsel and auditor also
report directly to the board. The board is composed of five individuals who are elected by
registered voters from the geographic divisions in which they reside within the district. All of
the district political divisions are located within Imperial County.
The Imperial Irrigation District has two primary operational departments, the Water
Department and the Energy Department, which are overseen by the general manager’s
Executive Office and supported by four additional service departments: General Services,
Information Technology, Finance and Human Resources. The IID Board of Directors receives
critical administrative support from the Executive Department, which also handles
governmental affairs and communications (internal and external), energy reliability
compliance, real estate and risk management functions, which are discussed under the
Administrative Section of this Service Area Plan (the “SAP”).
IID Operational Resources and Budget
The adopted IID 2019 Budget Plan demonstrates an overall operation of 1,418 employees
with an almost equal distribution of employees within the Water Department (33 percent),
Energy Department (33 percent) and all other Executive and Administrative/Support
Departments (34 percent). The 2019 Budget Plan reflects revenues and funding estimated at
$586 million from the Energy Department and $280 million from the Water Department. The
current financial resources utilized by the district are discussed under the Finance Plan Section
of this Service Area Plan (see website for full 2019 IID Budget Plan.)
B. SERVICE AREA PLAN INTRODUCTION & PURPOSE
The Board of Directors and the general manager are committed to the overall mission of
providing reliable, efficient and cost-effective water and energy services to the communities
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IID serves. The specific powers that are exercised by the district include, but are not limited
to the following:
Supply of raw water for beneficial purposes including the construction, operation
and maintenance of canals, pipelines, and water conveyance infrastructure;
Provision of drainage functions made necessary by the irrigation services provided
for and by the district;
Construction, operation and maintenance of dams, reservoirs, conjunctive use,
reclamation, and other water management projects and works owned and/or
operated by the district;
Generation, purchase, or lease of electric power, including the acquisition,
operation, and control of plants for the generation, transmission, and provision of
electric power;
In this vein, this Service Area Plan examines all of these services provided by the IID, the
current service demand and the projected future service needs within the district’s service
areas. Consistent with the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act
of 20001, this Service Area Plan is structured to provide a basis and framework for current
and future service assessments and planning.
Purpose of the Service Area Plan
In 1997, Assembly Bill (AB) 1484 established the Commission of Local Governance for the 21st
Century. The role of the Commission of Local Governance was to evaluate local government
organization and operational issues, develop a statewide vision, and determine how the State
should grow. The Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 was
subsequently put in place and established procedures for local government changes of
organization. This Service Area Plan aims to identify and assess current and future public
facilities owned, operated, and/or maintained by IID for the provision of services as part of
Imperial County LAFCO’s Municipal Service Review process. Mitigation recommendations are
incorporated in the respective sections to offset any potential impacts to IID facilities or
services.
Geographic Location, District Boundary and Service Areas
The Imperial Irrigation District headquarters is located in southern California, approximately
120 miles east of San Diego and situated directly north of the U.S./Mexico International
border in Imperial County. The district’s boundary was originally established in 1911 under
the Irrigation District Law (California Water Code Sections 20500 et. Seq.). As of 2019, IID’s
1 The Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg (CKH) Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 is Government Code §§ 56000 et seq. that
provides LAFCO with its authority, procedures and functions to “approve or disapprove with or without amendment, wholly,
partially or conditionally” proposals concerning the formation of cities and special districts, annexation or detachment of
territory to cities and special districts, and other changes in jurisdiction or organization of local government agencies.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND
legal district boundary is entirely contained within Imperial County, but is not coterminous
with Imperial County. Since 1943, IID has successfully provided electricity to service areas
outside of its district boundaries through independent service agreements with customers in
Imperial, Riverside, and San Diego counties. IID provides raw water services entirely within
Imperial County while energy services extend into Riverside County and Borrego Springs in
San Diego County (only for emergency responses).
The district’s legal boundaries were greatly influenced by the Boulder Canyon Project Act of
1928 and the Boulder Canyon Project Act Agreement of 1932, which together authorized and
orchestrated the construction of Hoover Dam and the All-American Canal. According to the
1932 Boulder Canyon Act Agreement between the United States Department of the Interior
and IID, changes in the district boundaries, beyond those authorized under the Agreement,
cannot be made unless approved by Congress. The district’s water service area is thus defined
by the limits authorized under the Boulder Canyon Project Act Agreement. Figure 1 identifies
the legal boundaries of the Imperial Irrigation District as per record annexations (inclusions
into the district) and Figure 2 that follows, reflects the water service area (also known as the
All-American Canal Water Service Area) within Imperial County as authorized by the Secretary
of the Interior.2
Figure 1-Imperial Irrigation District Boundary
2 Figures 1, 2, and 3 are not to scale and are for assessment and planning purposes only.
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Figure 2 – IID Water Service Area
In contrast, IID’s energy service area has been extended beyond the district boundaries and
Imperial County boundaries, pursuant to service contracts approved by California regulatory
authorities. These contracts include IID’s 1934 Compromise Agreement with CVWD and the
US Bureau of Reclamation, and the 1943 Purchase and Sale Agreement with California Electric
Power Company, the predecessor to Southern California Edison. The 1943 Purchase and Sale
Agreement has been modified and extended over the years by several Service Boundary
Agreements and was approved by the California Public Utilities Commission. Figure 3
identifies the IID energy service area.
In addition, IID was certified by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) as
one of 38 Balancing Authorities in the Western United States. As a federally certified Balancing
Authority IID must ensure the reliability of the electric system within its geographical
boundaries by, among other requirements, maintaining a continual balance between electric
resources and electricity demands. IID is subject to the reliability, safety and security
regulations promulgated by the North American Electrical Reliability Corporation, an agent of
the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and enforced by the Western Electricity
Coordinating Council (WECC).
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Figure 3 - IID Energy Service Area
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In summary, the District’s water service area is determined by its congressionally authorized
district expansion limits while the energy service area is determined by contracts and both
state and federal regulatory authorities. For example, IID’s electrical service to the Coachella
Valley is governed by the 1934 Compromise Agreement with the Coachella Valley Water
District and the US Bureau of Reclamation, as well as the long-standing Service Boundary
Agreement with Southern California Edison, which were approved and sanctioned by federal
and state regulators. Further, IID’s energy service area is subject to the strict reliability, safety
and security standards promulgated and enforced by the Western Electricity Coordinating
Council and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Finally, IID’s service areas for energy
utilities remain under the purview of the California Public Utilities Commission, and according
to state law, IID’s service boundaries can only be modified with the concurrence of IID.
Communities in Service Areas
IID covers an irrigation service area of 1,658 square miles and an energy service area of
6,897 square miles, which partially overlap. Communities that are provided with either raw
water services, or energy services, by IID are identified under Table I-1 by county (continued
on the next page). Not all of the communities in Imperial County are within the water service
area and not all Riverside County communities are within the energy service area. Borrego
Springs (in San Diego County) only receives incidental IID energy services and is therefore
not reflected on the table.
Table I-1
Communities Within Service Areas
Imperial County Communities Raw Water Service Energy Service
Bombay Beach CDP X
Brawley, City of X X
Calexico, City of X X
Calipatria, City of X X
Desert Shores CDP X
El Centro, City of X X
Heber CDP X X
Holtville, City of X X
Imperial, City of X X
Niland CDP X X
Ocotillo CDP X
Palo Verde CDP X
Salton City CDP X
Salton Sea Beach CDP X
Seeley CDP X X
Westmorland, City of X X
Winterhaven X
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Table I-1 Continued
Communities Within Service Areas
Riverside County Communities Raw Water Service Energy Service
Bermuda Dunes, CDP X
Coachella, City of X
Desert Hot Springs, City of X
Indian Wells, City of (portion) X
Indio, City of X
Indio Hills, CDP X
La Quinta, City of X
Mecca CDP X
Palm Desert, City of (portion) X
Rancho Mirage, City of (portion) X
Sky Valley, CDP X
Thermal, CDP X
Thousand Palms CDP X
*Census Designated Place (CDP).
IID’s Sphere of Influence
The Cortese, Knox, Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 requires the
LAFCO to determine and update the spheres of influence for all applicable jurisdictions
within the county. A sphere of influence is defined by Government Code §56076 as “a plan
for the probable physical boundary and service area of a local agency, as determined by the
commission.” According to state law and court precedent, Imperial County LAFCO has the
exclusive jurisdiction to conduct IID’s municipal service review. This is because IID’s legal
district boundaries are entirely within Imperial County and there are no agreements
transferring jurisdiction from Imperial County LAFCO to other LAFCOs.
As of the date of this 2019 Service Area Plan, IID had no plans to expand its current water
service area, which is contained entirely within Imperial County, or to expand its energy
service area, which extends beyond Imperial County into Riverside and San Diego counties.
IID intends to continue providing quality, and economical water and energy service to all of
the areas it currently provides with those services. Although, Imperial County LAFCO has
not yet determined IID’s sphere of influence, according to California Government Code
§56076, it should be coterminous with its current service areas. The Imperial Irrigation
District’s boundaries and service areas are depicted in the previously introduced Figures 2
and 3.
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IID Procedures for Extending Water Service Outside of District Boundaries
The delivery of water to lands within the Imperial County must meet certain requirements.
Lands within the legal district boundaries are subject to an administrative process prior to
water delivery services. Lands outside the legal boundary of the district, but within the
authorized service area as described in IID’s 1932 Agreement with the Bureau of Reclamation,
may receive conserved water or file a petition for inclusion (annexation) into the district. All
annexations are at the discretion of the IID Board of Directors. The decision for annexation of
lands within the water service area is made by the IID Board of Directors based on a variety
of considerations such as water supply and demand, hydrology, access to irrigation and
drainage facilities, method of irrigation, and other limitations imposed by virtue of Section
206 of Public Law 100-6753 (“Protection of Existing Water Uses”). The following is a brief
overview of water delivery service requirements under three distinct scenarios:
Scenario 1-Lands that are included within the legal district boundary
Ensure water availability charges have been paid (annual per acre fee)
Certificate of Ownership and Authorization Form is completed
Associated capital costs are paid by the proponent
Subject to IID Water Rules and Regulations
Scenario 2-Lands are outside the district boundary but within the AAC service area
Option 1-Purchase conserved water from IID
Option 2-File a petition for inclusion (annexation) into the district, then Scenario 1
Scenario 3-Lands are outside the district boundary, outside the AAC service area, but within
Imperial County
Option 1-Purchase conserved water from IID
Option 2-Seek congressional authorization for expansion of district boundaries
beyond the limits established by the Secretary of the Interior in 1932
As noted above, lands that are unable, or unwilling, to be annexed into the district, but that
are located within Imperial County, have an option to purchase conserved water from IID.
The transfer of conserved water outside of the district boundary is also at the discretion of
the IID Board and must meet a number of conditions, including but limited to:
1. Authorization by the State Water Resources Control Board
2. Environmental Compliance
3. Subject to the 2003 Quantification Settlement Agreement provisions4
3 An Act to provide for the settlement of water rights claims, to authorize the lining of the all American Canal, and
other purposes as detailed in the 1988 Settlement Agreement.
4 2003 QSA are a set of interrelated contracts that resolve certain disputes among the United States, the State of
California, IID, MWD, CVWD and SDCWA, for a period of 35 to 75 years, regarding the reasonable and beneficial use
of Colorado River water and the ability to conserve, transfer and acquire conserved Colorado River water.
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C. SERVICE AREA PLAN REQUIREMENTS
IID Service Area Plan Context
Service area plans support Imperial County LAFCO’s Municipal Service Review process, which
by state law occurs every five years. This 2019 IID Service Area Plan would be the first service
area plan prepared by the Imperial Irrigation District for submission to Imperial County LAFCO.
Minimum Contents of Service Area Plans
The required contents of an up-to-date Service Area Plan are determined by Imperial County
LAFCO Guidelines and reviewed by the LAFCO for sufficiency. Per Government Code Section
56430, the LAFCO, in undertaking its periodic municipal service review, shall prepare a written
statement of its determinations with respect to each of the following requirements:
1. Growth and population projections for the affected area;
2. The location and characteristics of any disadvantaged unincorporated communities
within, or contiguous to, the sphere of influence;
3. Present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services, and
infrastructure needs or deficiencies;
4. Financial ability of agencies to provide services;
5. Status of, and opportunities for, shared facilities;
6. Accountability for community service needs, including governmental structure and
operational efficiencies;
7. And any other matter related to effective or efficient service delivery, as required by
commission policy.
Role of the Imperial County Local Agency Formation Commission
The Imperial County LAFCO is charged with the review and approval of the IID Service Area
Plan. Imperial County LAFCO conducts this municipal service review because IID’s legal
boundaries are entirely within Imperial County and there are no agreements transferring
jurisdiction from Imperial County LAFCO to other LAFCOs.
D. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF SERVICE AREA PLAN
This Service Area Plan discusses the services provided by the Imperial Irrigation District,
identifies the service demands existing at the time of Plan’s preparation, and estimates the
future demand for such facilities and services. In doing so, it considers new planned, or
projected, development from local urban areas and increased agricultural water use demand.
An approximate 20-year planning period is used to forecast population growth, and the
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND
estimated facility and service demands are based on population projections in five-year
increments through 2040.
This Service Area Plan provides the information necessary for LAFCO to conduct a municipal
services review in compliance with Section 56430, and is organized into the following six
sections that satisfy the Guidelines adopted by the Imperial County LAFCO:
I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND: Provides a brief description of the Imperial
Irrigation District, Service Area Plan requirements, including the overall content of the
Service Area Plan presented herein.
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Provides an overview and summary of the service
assessments and conditions identified regarding existing facilities, demand,
mitigation, and costs.
III. GROWTH AND POPULATION PROJECTIONS/DEMAND: Provides a discussion on
existing and projected populations within the district’s service area and describes
potential impacts to agricultural water demand (agricultural land) associated with
population growth and projected transition of service demand.
IV. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND SERVICES: Provides a thorough description of existing and
planned IID facilities and services, their current and projected adequacy, and any
opportunities for shared facilities, or services, with other agencies. The following
facilities and services are included in the review:
A. Water Services and Facilities
B. Irrigation Drainage Services and Facilities
C. Energy Services and Facilities
D. Conservation Programs and Services
1. Water Conservation Programs
2. Energy Efficiency Programs
E. Administrative Services and Facilities
V. FINANCIAL PLAN: The financial section identifies and discusses existing and potential
future sources of revenue and financing mechanisms for public facilities and services
that may be available to the Imperial Irrigation District.
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SERVICE AREA PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This Service Area Plan illustrates IID’s long-term strategic objectives consistent with other IID
adopted plans. A number of uncertainties facing the IID in the next several years are mitigated,
within limitations. These external issues include, but are not limited to 1) the protection of water
rights held in trust for water uses within the district; 2) the increasing use of efficiency-based
water conservation measures ; 3) compliance with state and federal water quality programs; 4)
future hydrologic water supply conditions and federal operational guidelines 5) the emerging and
changing State and Federal mandates impacting renewable energy portfolio standards and
emission reduction targets; 6) significant high-voltage electric transmission development to
augment the export of locally produced renewable resources; 7) regulatory and reliability
compliance requirements from energy oversight agencies; 8) additional regulatory compliance
requirements for both the Energy and Water Departments; and 9) enforcement/implementation
of the State of California’s restoration responsibilities in support of a smaller but sustainable
Salton Sea.
A. AREA GROWTH SUMMARY
The population and growth projections presented herein provide a context for the analysis
and findings introduced for each individual public service facility in terms of the performance
standard, inventory of existing facilities, existing service demand versus projected future
demand, adequacy and mitigation. Per the Department of Finance data, it is estimated that
the 2018 service area population in Imperial County was 190,624, while the service area
population in the Coachella Valley communities within Riverside County, that are currently
served, is estimated at 239,120 (adjusted to exclude partially served communities). The
following Table E-1 displays the projected population of Imperial Irrigation District’s service
area through Year 2040, in five-year increments.
Table E-1
Service Area Population Projections
Year Imperial County Coachella Valley Total Service Area
Projected Projected Projected Population
Population Population
2020 214,590 252,388 468,998
2025 232,998 288,867 523,890
2030 251,611 330,619 584,260
2035 263,309 378,405 643,749
2040 293,889 433,099 729,028
Source: For Imperial County, 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan and for Riverside County
Communities, the Department of Finance twenty-eight year historic annual average growth rate of 2.7 percent
(based on the population history for the specified communities as a whole) was applied.
This Service Area Plan uses population and growth projections for the region formally adopted
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SERVICE AREA PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
under the 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (IRWMP) to assist in
meeting future water resource demands. Population projections from the IID 2018 Integrated
Resource Plan (IRP) drafted by the Energy Department in 2018 were used to assist in meeting
future energy resource demands. The Imperial IRWMP was updated in 2012 and formally
adopted by IID, the Imperial County Board of Supervisors and the City of Imperial as the IRWMP
administrator. The IID Board adopted the Energy IRP in December 2018. These plans provide a
comprehensive detail of factors affecting projected demands for both water and energy, which
are only briefly discussed under this Service Area Plan.
In summary, the projected raw water demand for agricultural use is projected to remain the
same unless there is substantial permanent irrigated land retirement as a result of planned
land use changes (conversion of farmland to urban use). Non-agricultural water demands are
anticipated to increase over the planning period, consistent with population projections, but
at substantially lower water demand levels per acre than the 2018 average of 4.7 AF/AC of
water for agricultural irrigation. Conversely, the projected energy demand to meet population
and commercial/industrial growth is expected to grow substantially, particularly in the
Riverside County service areas. One driving factor is expected to be the new industrial energy
load from the cannabis industry.
B. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The service review findings in this Service Area Plan are based on information obtained from
existing IID reports and adopted plans, adopted budgets, annual reports, and discussions with
IID staff. The following IID facilities and services were reviewed: water facilities, drainage
facilities, energy facilities, conservation/efficiency programs and services and administrative
facilities. Findings for each facility and/or service are summarized in the tables that follow a
respective, brief narrative. The tables summarize the relevant performance standard for the
desired level of service and a description of the corresponding facilities assessment to meet
current and future demands.
Raw Water Supply, Storage and Conveyance Facilities
IID’s annual consumptive use is capped at 3.1 million acre-feet (MAFY) of water during the
term of the Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA). The QSA was enacted in 2003 as the
nation’s largest agriculture-to-urban water conservation and transfer program between the
Secretary of Interior, Imperial Irrigation District, Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD), The
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), San Diego County Water Authority
(SDWA) and other affected parties. IID water conveyance and operational storage facilities
are all located within the County of Imperial and are reviewed in context with IID’s water
system. These facilities include reservoirs, canal systems, pipelines, and flow equipment that
convey and measure raw water for irrigation to agricultural operations, rural residences,
municipalities and water districts for treatment to potable water users and businesses within
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SERVICE AREA PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
the service area. Water facilities also include SCADA control systems and system equipment
necessary for the efficient operation and conveyance of raw water. These water services are
managed and operated by the IID Water Department.
Raw Water Facilities
Performance Standard* Agricultural water supply: 5.1 AFY/Acre
Non-Ag water supply: .40 AFY/Acre
Operational Water Storage: 7,750 AF Goal
Water Conservation Target: 476,000 AFY
Existing Facilities (2018) Water distribution canals: 1,668 Miles
Operational reservoirs: 4,372 AF
Farm delivery gates: 4,780
Canal/Lateral controls: 470
Automated systems: 300+
Mobile metering: 17
Existing Demand (2018) Agricultural water demand: 2.2 MAF/Year
Non-Ag water demand: 93,000 AF/Year
All other water delivery*: 385,000 AF/Year
Total outflow: 2.6 MAF/Year
Total conservation for transfer purposes: 495,897 AF
Adequacy 2018: Sufficient
Future Demand 2030: 2.3 MAFY in-valley/487 KAF for transfer purposes
2040: 2.3 MAFY in-valley/487 KAF for transfer purposes
Mitigation Continue to protect Colorado River water rights held in trust
for IID water uses within the district.
Funding Sources Current funding – Water sales and water transfer revenues
Future funding – Water sales and water transfer revenues
2019 Budget $71.1 million for operation and maintenance
$28 million for capital projects
(Excludes Drainage & Water Transfer Projects)
* Includes water uses for environmental, recreational, canal seepage, operational discharge, mitigation,
evaporation, and miscellaneous uses. Table does not include conserved water volumes created for water
transfer purposes. Please see Water Conservation Section.
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Irrigation Drainage Facilities & Services
IID operates a comprehensive irrigation drainage system with the primary purpose of
transporting water from agricultural irrigated lands in Imperial Valley. IID drainage facilities
include facilities that convey agricultural discharges from the fields to the Alamo River, the
New River or directly to the Salton Sea. IID drains, as a matter of necessity, also collect treated
wastewater discharge, and surface runoff from non-agricultural uses. Although municipalities
and other point source dischargers are allowed to discharge into IID’s drain facilities, the IID
drainage system is not intended for, nor designed, to collect or convey, urban or stormwater
runoff. IID drainage facilities may include pumps when necessary due to drain elevations
and/or depth challenges in order to maintain obligations to growers. These drainage facilities
are managed and operated by the IID Water Department.
Drainage Facilities
Performance Standard IID Design Guidelines, NPDES requirements, IID discharge
requirements, and any FEMA requirements.
Existing Facilities (2018) All-American Drains: 50 Miles
Drains (Earthen): 1,296 Miles
Drains (Concrete Lined): 109 Miles
Drains (Piped): 121.5 Miles
Existing Demand (2018) Capacity: Capacity to receive irrigation run-off
Quality: Operational and regulatory monitoring
Adequacy Capacity: Sufficient capacity to receive irrigation run-off
Quality: Ag Waiver Under Board Order R7-2015-0008
2017 Monitoring of Total Suspended Solids (main drains):
Eight of 16 drain sites achieved TSS goal
Future Demand Capacity: Consistent capacity to receive irrigation run-off
Quality: Final sediment TMDL numeric target of 200 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) goal of 200 mg/l
Mitigation Continual monitoring, implementation of Best
Management Practices and nine (9) drainage quality
mitigation measures recommended.
Funding Sources Current: Water sales/Drainage fees
Future: Water sales/Drainage service fees
2019 Budget $2 million for capital costs
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SERVICE AREA PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Energy Facilities & Services
IID energy facilities and services cover the entire Imperial County and extend into portions of
the Coachella Valley in Riverside County and eastern portions of San Diego County (as an
emergency response operation). Energy facilities include generation facilities, energy storage
facilities and energy transmission and distribution lines. Since IID is not a member of the
California Independent System Operator (CAISO) as a Balancing Authority, IID must be able to
provide reliable energy services even during extreme events and is regulated by the Western
Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). The operation and management of energy facilities
and services are all under the IID’s Energy Department.
Energy Facilities & Services
Performance Standard IID must match generation to load as a Balancing Authority.
Existing Facilities (2018) Generation facilities (Over 1,246 MW including power purchases)
AAC hydroelectric resources (32 MW)
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (14 MW)
Western Parker Davis Dam (32.6 MW)
Yucca Steam Plant (70 MW)
IID thermal generation plants (Over 592 MW)
Energy storage facilities: 33 MVA/20MW
Energy transmission lines: 1,800 Miles
Substations: 128
Distribution lines: 4,404 miles of overhead lines
1,744 miles of underground lines
Existing Demand (2018)* 2018 1,125 MW Gross CP 3,928,541 MWh Gross NEL
1,067 MW Net CP 3,763,360 MWh Net NEL
Adequacy Sufficient: 1,246 MW in 2018 (resources to cover load plus reserve)
Future Demand* 2025 1,231 MW Gross CP 4,300,459 MWh Gross NEL
1,138 MW Net CP 3,956,559 MWh Net NEL
2035
1,395 MW Gross CP 4,873,768 MWh Gross NEL
1,332 MW Net CP 4,630,854 MWh Net NEL
Mitigation Continued implementation of the Energy Integrated Resource
Plan and corresponding recommendations.
Funding Sources Current: Energy sales Future: Energy sales
2019 Budget $161.1 million for operation and maintenance
$101.7 million for capital projects
* Demand and projected data is from the 2018 Draft Energy Integrated Resource Plan. Coincident Peak (CP) was derived
from Net energy for Load Forecast (NEL) and historical representative load factors. The NEL forecast was derived from
the total retail sales forecast and the average difference of NEL and retail sales in historical years.
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SERVICE AREA PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Conservation Programs and Services
IID is responsible for implementing both water and energy efficiency/conservation efforts. IID
is located at the heart of many available natural resources to develop renewable generation
facilities as well as energy efficiency and conservation. Summarized findings are
independently presented for water conservation and energy efficiency.
Water Conservation - As a party to the nation’s largest agriculture-to-urban water
conservation and transfer agreement, IID is implementing numerous efficiency-based
conservation programs to create just under 500,000 AFY of conserved water (from 2003
baseline numbers). IID adopted a federal Water Conservation Plan (2016) that outlines its
water use and conservation programs used to meet its water transfer commitments. Water
conservation projects and programs are managed by the IID Water Department.
Water Conservation Programs/Services
Performance Standard Maintaining agricultural production with increased water use
efficiencies that require less water than historic totals. Water
conservation volumes shall further be consistent with the
targets under the Quantification Settlement Agreement.*
Existing Programs (2018) Agricultural Water Use Efficiency Programs
On-Farm Water Conservation Programs
System Water Conservation Programs
Renewable Energy Water Efficiency Program Standards
Urban Water Use Efficiency Program Standards
Existing Demand (2018)* 2018: 377,200 AFY
Adequacy 2018 Conservation Yield: Target exceeded
2020: 450,200 AFY of conserved water
Future Demand*
2030: 487,200 AFY of conserved water
Mitigation Continue to implement the 2016 Water Conservation Plan.
Funding Sources Water transfer revenues
2019 Budget $108 million for O&M for water transfer projects
$34 million for capital projects for water transfer projects
* Conservation targets included in the suite of QSA Agreements include the 1988 IID/MWD Transfer, IID/SDCWA
Transfer, IID/CVWD Transfer, the All-American Canal Lining Project as well as the satisfaction of Miscellaneous
PPR’s. Amounts are independent of increases and reductions in conformance with the Intentional Overrun and
Payback Policy and Intentionally Created Surplus program.
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Energy Efficiency- IID implements a comprehensive energy conservation portfolio consistent
with AB 2021 and SB 350 including new measures under SB100 for greenhouse gas emission
reductions. Energy efficiency standards are detailed under the most recently adopted 2018
Integrated Resource Plan. Energy efficiency programs are managed under the IID’s Energy
Department.
Energy Conservation Programs/Services
Performance Standard Energy Efficiency Savings
Renewable Energy Portfolio to reach 50%
Emission Reductions by 7% to 10%
Existing Programs (2018) Energy Efficiency Programs
Residential Programs (4)
Commercial Programs (6)
Renewable Energy Programs
Green Energy Rate Program
Net Energy Metering Program
Net Billing Program
Feed-In Tariff Program
Emission Reductions Program (E-Green Program)
Existing Demand (2018) 2018 Efficiency Savings: 15,674 MWh target
2018 Renewable: 33% target
2018 Emission Reduction: N A for 2018
Efficiency Savings: 20,000 MWh + Satisfactory
Adequacy
Renewable: 31% Satisfactory
Emission Reduction: TBD NA for 2018
Future Demand 2025 Efficiency: 26708 MWh target
2030 Efficiency: NA After 2027’s 22435 MWh
2025 Renewable: 33% target
2030 Renewable: 50% target
2025 Emission Reduction: 40% Below 1990 levels
2030 Emission Reduction: 5 0 % to 60% Below 1990 levels
Mitigation Continue to implement the adopted Integrated Resource Plan
and adopted programs.
Funding Sources Current funding – Energy sales
Future funding- Energy sales
2019 Budget $6.3 million for efficiency programs
$117.0 million for renewable requirements
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Administrative Facilities & Services
Administrative facilities include buildings that house administrative and general service staff
and that provide internal support services and general services to IID clients, governmental
affairs and the business community, as well as the water and energy departments. Five IID
departments oversee and deliver administrative services as follows: Executive Department,
General Services Department, Information Technology (IT) Department, Finance Department,
and Human Resources Department. Performance takes into account the Final Report of Space
Requirements HQ Facilities Development Program Management Project prepared by Griffin-
Lyon Program and Construction Managers, LLC., in 2012 for IID.
Administrative Facilities
Performance Standard .75 Admin FTE/1,000 in population served
450 SF of building space/1,000 in population served
125 SF of office space per FTE
Existing Facilities Executive Department 13,484 SF
General Services Department 19,575 SF
Information Technology Department 25,264 SF
Finance Department 16,195 SF
Human Resources Department 17,164 SF
Subtotal 91,682 SF
Common Areas (Exclusively Admin) 98,230 SF
TOTAL ADMIN AREAS 189,912 SF
Existing Demand 2018 FTE: 322 Admin FTE (based on 429,744 in population)
2018 Space: 193,385 SF (based on 429,744 in population)
Adequacy 2018 Admin FTE: 463 Meets/Exceeds Demand
2018 Admin Area: 189,912 SF Meets Demand
(+166,700 SF Shared Common Areas)
Future Demand 2030: 438 Admin FTE and 262,917 SF of space
2040: 546 Admin FTE and 328,063 SF of space
Mitigation By 2030, 73,005 SF of additional admin space may be
needed or the conversion of shared common areas.
Funding Sources Current: Water and Energy Department revenues
Future: Water and Energy Department revenues
2019 Budget $77.5 million for Operations
$2.4 million for capital costs for facilities/buildings
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN GROWTH & POPULATION PROJECTIONS
III. GROWTH AND POPULATION PROJECTIONS
IID has separated its operations into two primary departments, the Water Department and the
Energy Department. Future water service demand will be determined by existing water transfer
agreements, trends in the Imperial Valley farming community, industrial development in the
geothermal industry and the level of urban growth that will reduce acreage of irrigated farmland.
Energy service demand will largely be determined by population and economic trends in the
Imperial Valley and the Coachella Valley and the pace of industrial growth in the cannabis
industry. Both the water and energy service sectors will be greatly impacted by conservation
efforts and the associated regulatory requirements.
The water and the energy departments have respectively completed integrated resource plans.
On September 23, 2008, the IID Board of Directors adopted a strategic plan tasking the Water
Department to develop an Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (IRWMP) to assist in
meeting future water resource demands. On September 29, 2009, the IID Board accepted the
findings of the draft IWRMP and authorized development of the Imperial IRWMP to further these
efforts and to assist regional water planning efforts through a process conforming to California
Department of Water Resources guidelines. The Imperial IRWMP was finalized in 2012 at which
time it was adopted by IID, the Imperial County Board of Supervisors and the City of Imperial as
IRWMP administrator. The Energy Department also adopts an Integrated Resource Plan which is
updated every five years with the most recent adoption of the 2018 IRP.
IID intends to continue to serve agricultural operations in the Imperial Valley and support the
orderly growth and development of urban areas throughout its respective water and energy
service areas in both counties. It is the IID’s intent to encourage cities and the respective counties
to plan for growth in a sustainable and orderly manner. Orderly development will enable IID to
plan improvements, phasing service expansion consistent with the jurisdictions anticipated
growth, agricultural demand and outstanding commitments. This section of the Service Area Plan
provides an overview of the district’s irrigation characteristics in Imperial County and identifies
the anticipated population and economic growth throughout its principal two-county service
area, both of which are critical factors on how the IID will adequately serve the communities with
water and/or electrical services.
A. REGIONAL SETTING AND CHARACTERISTICS
Regional Setting
IID water service area is in the Imperial Valley, entirely within the boundaries of the County
of Imperial, but its energy services extend into the Coachella Valley of Riverside County and
in limited form to San Diego County. The Imperial Valley and Coachella Valley have a strong
agricultural economy. Although this region is naturally a desert, with high temperatures and
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low average rainfall of less than three inches (75 mm) annually, the economy is heavily based
on agriculture production due to irrigation, supplied wholly from the Colorado River. Colorado
River water is channeled through the All-American Canal and Coachella Canal.
IID Water Department maintains an annual inventory of areas receiving water. As of 2018, an
estimated 520,307 acres are serviced by IID with raw water. The 2018 Annual Inventory of
Areas Receiving Water indicated that the total net area irrigated for crops was 444,098.
Another 27,584 were farmable acres, but temporarily out of production (under a temporary
fallowing program), while an additional 48,625 acres received raw water for rural home sites,
feed lots, solar and industrial areas as well as municipal uses.
The Imperial County Agricultural Commissioner’s Office estimated the county’s agricultural
production value in 2017 was $2,065,600,0005. Vegetable and Melon Crops were the single
largest production category by dollar value ($1.01 billion), comprising 49.32 percent of the
county total. Three products dominated this category: leaf lettuce ($217.7 million), broccoli
($94.8 million), and head lettuce ($116.6 million). At 21.92 percent, Livestock represented the
second largest category ($452.7 million) and consisted mostly of feedlot cattle ($387.1
million). Field Crops ranked third with $365.8 million and 17.71 percent. Together, these three
super categories accounted for 88.95 percent of the county's direct farm production values.
These crops had a total water demand of 2,185,974 AF in 2017, while the Provisional Water
Balance Report showed a total water flow of 2,663,611 AF for the same calendar year.
Approximately 61 percent of the 146,375 electric customers served by the IID reside outside
its water service boundaries. Communities served by IID include the cities of Coachella, Desert
Hot Springs, Indio and La Quinta, and portions of the cities of Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage
and Indian Wells. There are also a number of unincorporated areas in Riverside County that
receive electric services from IID as well as Borrego Springs and some isolated home-sites in
east San Diego County during storm events for emergency response. The dynamics of the
Energy Department are largely driven by growth and development demand while the
dynamics in the Water Department are largely driven by water transfer agreements and urban
growth in the Imperial Valley.
Population History
The Imperial County population discussed herein encompasses the entire water service area,
which includes all of the cities in Imperial County and all of the unincorporated communities
under the jurisdiction of Imperial County. Riverside County population data is restricted to
the communities (incorporated and un-incorporated) that receive energy services from IID,
specifically Coachella, Indio, La Quinta, Mecca, Thousand Palms, Thermal and small portions
of Indian Wells, Palm Desert, and Rancho Mirage. Based on population data available from
the California Department of Finance and the US Census Bureau, the Imperial County and
5 As per the 2017 Crop and Livestock Report.
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service area communities in Riverside County have experienced moderate population growth
since the 1980s with the Riverside County communities experiencing aggressive growth
between 2000 and 2010. It is estimated that the 2018 service area population in Imperial
County was 190,624, while the service area population (actively served by IID) in the Coachella
Valley communities within Riverside County was estimated at 239,120 as denoted in Figure
4.
Figure 4-IID Service Population
Population History for IID Service Areas by County
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
1980 1990 2000 2010 2018
Imperial County Riverside County Service Area Communities
Source: Department of Finance for incorporated communities and US Census for Census Designated Places.
Imperial County as a whole grew at an average annual growth rate of 1.11 percent during the
past eight years. Over the same time period, the Riverside County communities serviced by
IID had an average annual growth rate of 1.38 percent. The IID service area population for
both water and power services is estimated to be 429,744 for 2018.
Disadvantaged Communities
Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) further requires the identification of location and
characteristics of any disadvantaged unincorporated communities within, or contiguous to, a
sphere of influence. The capacity and adequacy of infrastructure, public facilities, and public
services must be identified for disadvantaged unincorporated communities, which are
defined as areas of inhabited territory located within an unincorporated area of a county in
which the annual median household income is less than 80 percent of the area median
household income.
According to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD),
Imperial County’s area median income in 2017 was $59,900 and thus the disadvantaged
household income was $47,920 for 2017. There are approximately thirteen disadvantaged
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unincorporated communities within the IID water and energy service area boundaries that
fall within this definition. The communities of Heber, Niland and Seeley are the only
disadvantaged communities located within the district boundaries. Table G-1 identifies all of
the unincorporated disadvantaged communities within the IID water and energy service areas
and their most current economic statistic regarding poverty level for all unincorporated,
Census Designated Place (CDP) identified under the American Community Survey.
Table G-1
Disadvantaged Communities Within Service Areas
Imperial County Poverty Raw Water Energy
Unincorporated Community Level Service Area Service Area
Bombay Beach CDP 18.0% X
Desert Shores CDP 31.5% X
Heber CDP 13.9% X X
Niland CDP 37.7% X X
Ocotillo CDP 43.7% X
Palo Verde CDP NA* X
Salton City CDP 28.9% X
Salton Sea Beach CDP 68.3% X
Seeley CDP 45.8% X X
Winterhaven, CDP 22.2% X
Riverside County Poverty Water Service Energy Service
Unincorporated Community Level Area Area
Mecca CDP 41.8% X
Thermal CDP 32.2% X
Thousand Palms CDP 13.4% X
* Although current poverty statistic estimates were not available for the Palo Verde community, the 2010
Census identified 47.3 percent of the population in poverty.
Source: US Census, American Community Survey, 2012-2016 Five Year Estimate for Percentage of
Persons in Poverty.
The percentage of the population living in poverty in Imperial County is one of the highest in
the state of California and has remained constant over the last four decades. According to the
US Census Bureau, Imperial County had a 1990 poverty rate of 23.8 percent, a 2000 poverty
rate of 22.6 percent and a 2010 poverty rate of 23 percent. According to the 2012-2016
American Community Survey, the most recent statistics show the County of Imperial at a 24.1
percent poverty rate. The State of California poverty rate was 15.8 percent for the same
report period. Although statistics for Riverside County as a whole are not applicable given the
limited area served in 2018 by IID, two of the unincorporated communities in Riverside County
far exceeded the State poverty rate.
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IID offers Financial Assistance Programs through the Energy Department that are income-
qualified assistance programs for economically disadvantaged households designed to help
customers meet their energy needs. Rate discounts are offered to income-qualified
customers and a special rate is offered for those using critical medical equipment. A financial
assistance program is offered to customers facing financial crisis that are at risk of
disconnection for nonpayment. For rural residents that are enrolled under the Energy
Financial Assistance Programs, eligibility for potable water services (bulk or bottled water
from qualified agency) may also be arranged by the Water Department. This assistance is
provided for alternative potable water services for drinking and cooking for residents in the
IID water serve area who do not receive treated water. This is done in order to avoid water
disconnect and to ensure IID maintains compliance with Environmental Health Services
requirements, as administered through the California Department of Public Health6(CDPH).
B. GROWTH PROJECTIONS
It is projected that future population growth will largely occur within the unincorporated
areas via annexations by local municipalities given the limited opportunities available for infill
development in most cities within Imperial County and Riverside County Service Areas. Other
factors that affect service demand include economic growth. This chapter provides an
overview of population projections as well as growth projections adjusting service demand
from other factors to project raw water demand and energy service demand.
1. Population Projections for Service Demand
a) Imperial County Population Growth Projections
The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) has prepared a twenty-
year population projection for the County of Imperial. SCAG estimates that by 2020
the Imperial County will have a population of 234,000 and reach 282,000 by 2040.
These projected figures were based on a historic growth rate of 1.8 percent for
Imperial County, which was conservatively lower than what was adopted under the
Imperial IRWMP projections of 2.4 percent for incorporated cities and 3.8 percent for
unincorporated communities which projected a population of 293,889 by 2040. The
population projections noted on Table G-2, as adopted under the 2012 Imperial
Integrated Regional Water Management Plan are conservative for the purpose of
projecting water service demand from Imperial County population growth.
6 IID strictly enforces enrollment with an alternative potable water service purveyor. IID maintains a compliance database and
provides an annual update to CDPH.
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Table G-2
Imperial Region Population Projections
Year Imperial County Projected Population
2020 214,590
2025 232,998
2030 251,611
2035 263,309
2040 293,889
Source: Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan 2012.
b) Riverside County Population Growth Projections
Population projections in the Riverside County service area are limited to the
communities of Coachella, Desert Hot Springs, Indio and La Quinta, including portions
of the cities of Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage and Indian Wells. The following
unincorporated communities are also included: Bermuda Dunes, Indio Hills, Mecca,
Sky valley, Thermal and Thousand Palms. These populations represent an estimated
population of 239,120 in 2018 which is projected to reach 486,660 by 2040. The
population projections noted on Table G-3, are conservative figures, using the historic
annual average growth rate of 2.7 percent.
Table G-3
Coachella Valley Region Population Projections
Coachella Valley Projected Population
Year
2020 252,388
2025 288,867
2030 330,619
2035 378,405
2040 433,099
Source: Department of Finance twenty-eight year historic annual average growth rate of 2.7 percent
which is based on the population history for the specified communities as a whole.
c) Total Service Area Population Growth Projections
The combined population growth for both service regions is displayed in Table G-4.
Population affecting water demand is applicable only in Imperial County, while
population affecting energy demand encompasses both the Imperial County region
and the Coachella Valley Region in Riverside County.
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Table G-4
Service Area Population Projections
Imperial County Riverside County Total Service Area
Year
Projected Service Projected Service Projected
Population Population Population
2020 214,590 252,388 468,998
2025 232,998 288,867 523,890
2030 251,611 330,619 584,260
2035 263,309 378,405 643,749
2040 293,889 433,099 729,028
Source: For Imperial County, 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan and for Riverside County
Communities, the Department of Finance twenty-eight year historic annual average growth rate of 2.7 percent
which is based on the population history for the specified communities as a whole.
2. Growth Projections and Impacts on Service Demand
As previously noted, population projections are not the only factors affecting water
service demand and energy service demand. Agricultural intensity affects water service
demand, but may have little impact on energy demand. Non-residential/Non-agricultural
land uses resulting from urban sprawl (e.g. industrial development) may result in a decline
for water demand, but be an increased demand for energy services.
a) Water Demand Projections
Non-Agricultural Water Demand- Approximately 96 percent of all IID raw water
demand is from agricultural land uses with the remaining four percent serving non-
agricultural land uses. Non-agricultural uses include municipal, industrial,
feedlots/dairies, environmental resources, recreation, rural service pipes and other
non-agricultural uses. Industrial demand includes geothermal, but not solar, energy
production. The aforementioned population growth projections for the Imperial
County contribute to the non-agricultural water demand projections by an estimated
28 percent. Riverside County has no demand on water services from IID.
Future agricultural water service demand will vary from current service demand as a
result of changes in economic, land use, and hydrologic conditions. Historic trends
show agricultural land conversion to urban uses, often results in less irrigated crop
land in production. Cities with potential, permanent agricultural land conversions in
Imperial County include Imperial, Brawley, Calexico, Holtville and El Centro. This
conversion generally results in a decreased raw water demand in Imperial County
since agricultural operations use an average of 4.6 AF Water/Acre annually while
municipal uses use an average of 0.53 AF Water/Acre annually.
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Imperial Valley historic 2015 and forecasted 2020 to 2055, non-agricultural water
demands were projected under the adopted Imperial Integrated Regional Water
Management Plan (IRWMP) in 2012. These water demand projections are applied in
Water Supply Assessments for new development projects in Imperial Valley and
applied consistently throughout this Service Area Plan.
Table G-5 provides the 2015 historic and 2020-2040 projected water demand in five-
year increments, without conservation efforts which are discussed under the
Conservation Chapter of this Service Area Plan. Total water demand for non-
agricultural uses is projected to be 163.2 KAF in the year 2040. This is a forecasted
increase in the use of non-agricultural water from 56 KAF for the period of 2015 to
2055.
Table G-5
Non-Agricultural Water Demand Projections
User 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY
Municipal 30.0 34.1 37.1 40.1 41.9 46.9
Industrial 26.4 33.1 39.8 46.6 53.3 60.1
Other 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
Feedlots/Dairies 17.8 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1
Environmental Resources 8.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2
Recreation 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4
Service Pipes 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0
Total Non Ag Water Demand 107.2 123.4 133.1 142.9 151.4 163.2
Source: These water demands are from IID Provisional Water Balance rerun in 2017 and modified from
2012 Imperial IRWMP projections to incorporate a reduction of three percent based on IID 2015 delivery
data.
Agricultural Water Demand- In 2017, gross agricultural production for Imperial
County was valued at $2,065.6 million USD, of which most was produced within the
IID water service area.7 Although the agriculture-based economy is expected to
continue, land use is projected to change somewhat over the years as industrial
and/or alternative energy development and urbanization occur in rural areas and in
areas adjacent to existing urban centers, respectively. Population growth, inevitably
results in urban sprawl, which in turn results in the conversion of farm ground.
Agricultural water demands were also projected under the adopted Imperial IRWMP
of 2012. Table G-6 provides the 2015 historic and 2020-2040 forecasted agricultural
consumptive use and delivery demand within the IID water service area, which is
entirely within Imperial County. Agricultural evapotranspiration (ET) demand of
approximately 1,475.7 KAF in 2015 is expected to increase in 2018 to around 1,566.5
7 2017 Imperial County Crop and Livestock Report.
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KAF with termination of fallowing programs that provided 105.3 KAF of water for
Salton Sea mitigation in 2017. Forecasted agricultural ET remains constant, as
reductions in water use are to come from efficiency conservation not reduction in
agricultural production. When accounting for agriculture ET, tailwater and tilewater,
total agricultural consumptive use (CU) demand ranges from 2,157.7 KAF in 2015 to
2,209.5 KAF in 2040. Forecasted total agricultural delivery demand is around 1 KAFY
higher than the CU demand due to subsurface flow to Salton Sea.
Table G-6
Agricultural Water Demand Projections as AFY
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY KAFY
Ag ET from Delivered & 1,475.7 1,566.5 1,566.5 1,566.5 1,566.5 1,566.5
Stored Soil Water
Ag Tailwater to Salton Sea 283.6 322.9 272.9 222.9 222.9 222.9
Ag Tilewater to Salton Sea 398.4 420.1 420.1 420.1 420.1 420.1
Total Ag CU Demand 2,157.7 2,309.5 2,259.5 2,209.5 2,209.5 2,209.5
Subsurface Flow to Salton Sea 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Total Ag Delivery Demand 2,158.7 2,310.6 2,260.5 2,210.5 2,210.5 2,210.5
Source: 2015 record from IID 2015 Provisional Water Balance rerun 03/21/2017
Water demand is projected to remain constant for agricultural use between 2030 and
through 2055 for the purpose of this Service Area Plan. These figures are conservative
as there is a probability that agricultural water demand will likely decrease due to
permanent urban sprawl and other water conservation efforts. These factors may
result in a permanent decrease on water demand as discussed further throughout
this Service Area Plan. Other uses accounted for in demand projections include water
delivery for environmental, recreational, canal seepage, operational discharge,
mitigation, evaporation, and approximately 35 KAFY of unaccounted water.
Table G-7
Total Water Demand Projections in AFY
Non-Agricultural Agricultural Total Projected
Year
Water Demand Water Demand Water Demand
2020 123,400 2,310,600 2,434,000
2025 133,100 2,260,500 2,393,600
2030 142,900 2,210,500 2,353,400
2035 151,400 2,210,500 2,361,900
2040 163,400 2,210,500 2,373,900
Source: 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan, non-agricultural
demand is adjusted for 2015 historic deliveries from Provisional Water Balance.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN GROWTH & POPULATION PROJECTIONS
b) Energy Demand Projections
Population forecasts on their own are unable to project energy demand. Non-
residential energy sales accounts for approximately 50 percent of all IID electrical
energy sales. Commercial sales accounted for about 40 percent of 2017 IID total
energy sales with industrial energy sales comparable to municipal and/or agricultural
power. New and rapidly increasing industrial loads are anticipated in the Coachella
Valley.
Economic Data is a clear driving factor for energy demand. Economic data used in the
energy load forecast regression models are population, total employment, farm
employment, retail employment, personal income, and gross regional product (GRP).
The projected energy demand from non-residential commercial/industrial growth is
expected to grow substantially, particularly in the Riverside County service area.
In 2014, IID completed a Request for Proposals (RFP) to acquire energy load
forecasting services as well as the tools and training to allow IID staff to complete all
future forecasts. The IID Energy Department has prepared the system load term load
forecast of peak demands, net energy requirements and energy sales to customers
presented in this Service Area Plan for its service territory. The load forecast relies on
industry accepted standards of practice, as well as rigorous, detailed and thorough
analysis, critical to obtaining results that are both realistic and statistically sound. In
this load forecast, an econometric approach was utilized to forecast IID’s total retail
sales. The Net Energy for Load (NEL) forecast was derived from the total retail sales
forecast and the average difference of NEL and retail sales in historical years;
Coincident Peak (CP) forecast was derived from NEL forecast and historical
representative load factors. The forecast is primarily driven by several key variables
that have an impact on hourly/daily/monthly/yearly loads and the forecast
incorporated into the load impact resulting from these variables including, but are
not limited to:
- Weather changes
- IID Energy Efficiency (EE) programs
- IID Rooftop Photo-voltaic (PV) Solutions Programs
- Electric Vehicles programs (EV)
- New Industrial Load Impact
- Regulatory Requirement Changes
IID’s main energy load service area covers Imperial County and part of Riverside
County. Woods & Poole Economics, Inc. provided economic forecast data that was
used for the IID’s energy load forecast analysis under the 2018 Integrated Resource
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Plan. It is anticipated that the long-term economic outlook for the two counties will
follow the same economic trend as the following national assumption through 2050
(with some local differences): steady and modest economic growth; Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) average growth of 1.9 percent; steady job gains; relatively stable
unemployment rate; increase in inflation from 0.3 percent to 3.9 percent, and; overall
per-capita increases of 65 percent.
Since the forecast variables are uncertain, the severity of their impact on load
depends on how each of these variables transpire. Generally, these variables can
either encourage load growth or deter it. Below is a diagram that illustrates which
variables encourage load growth and which variables deter load growth:
Under the Energy Department’s IRP, for the 2018 forecast, three main cases were
used to represent the potential outcomes: 1) High Case Scenario- Combining severe
weather conditions, high industrial growth, high electric vehicle penetration, low
energy efficiency, and low rooftop/customer solar penetrations; 2) Mid Case Scenario
(Expected) – Combining normal weather, normal industrial growth, average electric
vehicle penetration, average energy efficiency, and average rooftop/customer solar
penetrations; and 3) Low Case Scenario–Combining mild weather conditions, normal
economic industrial growth, low electric vehicle penetration, high energy efficiency,
high rooftop/customer solar penetrations.
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Table G-8
IID Net Energy for Load (NEL) Requirements
2018 Load Forecast (LF) Average Annual Growth Rate
Time Period
2001-2017 1.7%
2018-2027 1.2%
2028-2037 1.7%
Source: 2018 Draft Integrated Resource Plan.
Due to the unpredictability of weather temperature for the long term forecast, and
the fact that weather has an important impact on energy consumption, the 2018 IID
Load Forecast provides retail sales, NEL and CP forecasts under three weather
scenarios: Normal (base/expected), Mild and Severe. These weather scenarios are
used to estimate the load under the normal, abnormally severe and abnormally mild
weather conditions and are combined with several other variables to create three
cases. For details regarding methodology modifications in the 2018 Load Forecast
compared with 2016 Load Forecast and the rationale of the modifications and
limitations, please refer to the 2018 Energy Integrated Resources Plan.
Although the expected forecast may be used as a single point of reference for various
activities, it is recommended that the ranged forecast be considered in all long term
planning activities to capture the unpredictable impact of weather changes on load.
Consider the forecast as a range helps long term planning activities capture the
varying possibilities of needs because of uncontrollable risks and the relationship of
demand and supply. The weather impact (mild/expected/severe) on the gross result
of the load forecast expected case is shown in Table G-9, which is representative of
the energy consumption for all IID customers as per billing accounts, including losses
and IID consumption, and assuming that energy conservation programs will be zero.
Please refer to the Conservation Chapter of this Service Area Plan for details on
energy conservation efforts.
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Table G-9
2018 Energy Load Forecast Expected Case Gross CP and NEL
LF Projected Case (mild LF Projected Case LF Projected Case
weather) (expected weather) (severe weather)
Gross CP Gross NEL Gross CP Gross NEL Gross CP Gross NEL
Year
(MW) (MWh) (MW) (MWh) (MW) (MWh)
2018 1,070.80 3,740,593 1,124.60 3,928,541 1,183.30 4,133,568
2019 1,085.20 3,791,058 1,139.70 3,981,267 1,199.30 4,189,437
2020 1,096.90 3,842,420 1,152.00 4,035,339 1,212.30 4,246,598
2021 1,112.50 3,886,383 1,168.20 4,081,084 1,229.30 4,294,454
2022 1,126.70 3,935,798 1,183.20 4,133,184 1,245.10 4,349,672
2023 1,142.30 3,990,609 1,199.70 4,190,873 1,262.60 4,410,674
2024 1,154.00 4,042,513 1,212.00 4,245,549 1,275.70 4,468,523
2025 1,172.20 4,094,756 1,231.00 4,300,459 1,295.80 4,526,503
2026 1,187.10 4,146,929 1,246.70 4,355,303 1,312.30 4,584,406
2027 1,202.50 4,200,600 1,262.90 4,411,860 1,329.50 4,644,229
2028 1,214.70 4,254,971 1,275.80 4,468,148 1,343.10 4,704,805
2029 1,233.60 4,309,259 1,295.70 4,526,350 1,364.10 4,765,285
2030 1,249.20 4,363,703 1,312.10 4,583,747 1,381.50 4,825,976
2031 1,264.70 4,418,196 1,328.60 4,641,267 1,398.90 4,886,819
2032 1,276.90 4,472,874 1,341.50 4,699,019 1,412.50 4,947,928
2033 1,296.10 4,527,784 1,361.70 4,757,006 1,434.00 5,009,279
2034 1,311.90 4,582,942 1,378.40 4,815,224 1,451.60 5,070,861
2035 1,327.80 4,638,443 1,395.20 4,873,768 1,469.30 5,132,781
2036 1,340.20 4,694,599 1,408.30 4,933,023 1,483.20 5,195,460
2037 1,360.00 4,750,767 1,429.10 4,992,362 1,505.20 5,258,250
Source: 2018 Energy Integrated Resource Plan
C. IMPACTS FROM LAND USE CHANGES
The transition from agricultural land use typically results in a net decrease in water demand
for municipal, commercial, and solar energy development; and a net increase in water
demand for geothermal energy development. Local energy resources include geothermal,
wind, biomass and solar. The County General Plan provides for development of energy
production centers or energy parks within Imperial County.8 Alternative energy facilities will
help California meet its statutory and regulatory goals for increasing renewable power
generation and use and decrease water demands in Imperial County.
The IID Board has adopted several policies and programs to address how to accommodate
water demands and minimize potential negative impacts on agricultural water uses.
8 Imperial County General Plan, Geothermal/Alternative and Transmission Element, revised 2006 and
2015.
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Conservation Programs are independently assessed under its respective chapter of this
Service Area Plan and are consistent with the following policies that have been adopted by
the district:
Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan: adopted by the IID Board on
December 18, 2012, and by the County, the City of Imperial, to meet the basic requirement
of California Department of Water Resources (CDWR) for an IRWM plan. In all, 14 local
agencies adopted the 2012 Imperial IRWMP.
Interim Water Supply Policy for Non-Agricultural Projects: adopted by the IID Board on
September 29, 2009, to ensure sufficient water will be available for new development, in
particular, anticipated renewable energy projects until the board selects and implements
capital development projects such as those considered in the Imperial IRWMP.
Temporary Land Conversion Fallowing Policy: adopted by the IID Board on May 8, 2012, and
revised on March 29, 2016, to provide a framework for a temporary, long-term fallowing
program to work in concert with the IWSP and IID’s coordinated land use/water supply
strategy.
Equitable Distribution Plan: adopted by the IID Board on October 28, 2013, to provide a
mechanism for IID to administer apportionment of the district’s quantified annual supply of
Colorado River water; IID Board approved a resolution repealing the Equitable Distribution
Plan (EDP) on February 6, 2018 due to ongoing litigation. In the absence of the EDP, all water
users will continue to be subject to the requirement of reasonable and beneficial use
standards.
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SERVICE AREA PLAN PUBLIC FACILITIES AND SERVICES
IV. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND SERVICES
This Service Area Plan will address public facilities, services, and programs provided by the
Imperial Irrigation District to its service areas over the course of a 20-year planning period.
Although the Imperial Irrigation District has two primary departments for water and energy service
delivery (the Water Department and the Energy Department), IID offers other related services that
are carried out by these two departments and supported through five other administrative
departments: Executive, General Services, Information Technology, Finance and Human Resources
(hereafter, Administration). For the purpose of this Service Area Plan, facilities and services are
presented in the following areas:
A. Raw Water Services & Facilities - Imperial Irrigation District
B. Drainage Facilities - Imperial Irrigation District/Municipalities
C. Energy Facilities - Imperial Irrigation District
D. Conservation Programs - Imperial Irrigation District
E. Administrative Facilities - Imperial Irrigation District
An analysis of the listed facilities and services are provided under this chapter. Each facility is
analyzed in detail based on the guidelines developed by LAFCO for Service Area Plans and on
the performance standards established by the Imperial Irrigation District. Each respective service
area provides a description of the nature of each service to be provided, a description of the service
level capacity and a determination on whether adequate services are and will be provided within
the projected demand and twenty-year planning time frame. Each facility’s service analysis is
presented in three detailed sections as follows:
1. Performance Standard: A description of the desired level of service that the
respective public facility must provide.
2. Facility Planning and Adequacy Analysis: A description of the existing facilities,
the current adequacy of the facilities, the future demand for facilities and the
phasing of the demand for facilities as follows:
a) Inventory of Existing Facilities
b) Adequacy of Existing Facilities
c) Future Demand and Planned Facilities
d) Opportunities for Shared Facilities/Services
e) Phasing of Facilities/Services
3. Mitigation: As applicable, recommendations to ensure that adequate facilities
and services will be provided for are addressed under the respective service area.
This Service Area Plan further contains a Financial Plan. The Financial Plan offers information of how
the facilities, services and programs extended by the Imperial Irrigation District are currently being
funded and identifies opportunities of how future services, facilities and programs may be funded.
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A. RAW WATER FACILITIES
IID diverts water from the Colorado River and delivers it to over 520,000 acres within its water
service area in Imperial Valley. Imperial Dam, located about 20 miles north of Yuma, Arizona,
is a diversion structure for the river, All-American Canal and Gila Canal water deliveries,
serving southeastern California, Arizona and Mexico. The operations of IID's River Division
Office at Imperial Dam, as well as water delivery to other contractors in Arizona, California
and the Republic of Mexico, all fall under the direction of the US Bureau of Reclamation.
The IID’s only source of water is its Colorado River entitlement . IID has a “present perfected”
right to 2.6 million acre-feet (MAF). Because these vested rights preempt the 1902
Reclamation Law and are not subject to reclamation law limitations, in times of water
shortage, present perfected rights must be satisfied first. Under the 2003 execution of the
QSA and Related Agreements signed by the Secretary of Interior, Imperial IID, CVWD, MWD
and the SDCWA, IID’s annual consumptive use is capped at 3.1 million acre-feet (MAF) for a
minimum 45-year term, with possible extension for another thirty-years. This Service Area
Plan will consider the 3.1 MAF water resource to meet anticipated demands during this
planning period.
Of the water that the IID conveyed in 2018, approximately 96 percent was used for agriculture
purposes in the Imperial Valley to serve a total of 5,316 farm accounts. The remaining 4
percent was delivered to six cities, two special districts and a private water company that
treat the raw water to safe drinking water standards and sell it to their residential and
commercial clients through their independent distribution systems in addition to water
deliveries to rural service pipes.
1. Performance Standards for Raw Water Delivery
Water for Agricultural Use- IID must be able to deliver to the agricultural community raw
water to irrigate approximately 475,000 acres of farm ground that has had a historic
demand of approximately 2,200,000 AFY. This includes lands that have been fallowed or
not farmed. The district has not adopted a performance standard for agricultural use, but
has identified an annual average of 5.1 AF of water per acre of farmable land. This
standard would be consistent with the 10-year average, water use history, per acre, of all
fields in IID. The 5.1 AF/Acre will continue to be the desired maximum average for
performance assessment of agricultural water use.
Raw Water for Non-Agricultural Use- Other in-valley areas that receive water from IID
are classified as industrial/urban uses for the purpose of this Service Area Plan. These uses
include municipalities, feedlots, cattle yards, managed marsh land, recreation areas, rural
service pipes and similar non-agricultural uses. These uses encompassed 49,034 acres in
2017 and had an annual demand of 92,214 AF for the same year, averaging .53 AFY/AC.
Considering the State-wide water conservation goals that call for urban areas to reduce
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their water use by 25 percent, the IID performance standard for water availability to non-
agricultural uses is set at a conservative .50 AFY/AC.
Operational Water Storage- The use of operational reservoirs allows for increased
delivery flexibility and provides conservation opportunities within the district. Ideally, the
IID would like to attain 8,750 AF of raw water storage for the operational efficiency of the
475,000 total farmable acreage served. Since not all irrigated farmground can benefit
from an operational reservoir, the standard is not set per acre, but is hereby established
as a set target district-wide.
2. Water Facility Planning and Adequacy Analysis
All water services and facilities are managed through the IID Water Department. The
Water Department contains an administrative section and eight operational sections: 1)
Engineering Services, 2) Water Resources & Grant Management, 3) Environmental
Mitigation 4) Farm Units Programs, 5) System Control, Monitoring & Data Management,
6) All-American Canal/Dam Operation & Management, 7) Water Dispatch, and 8)
Southend O&M and Northend O&M. Three of these sections, the Water Resources &
Grant Management Section, the Farm Unit Programs Section and the Environmental
Mitigation Section have a primary focus on conservation and environmental mitigation
efforts and are therefore discussed under the Conservation Programs chapter of this
Service Area Plan. The remaining Water Department sections with primary functions for
water facilities operations and water delivery services are summarized below:
Water Administration Section is responsible for the oversight of all
operations, maintenance, engineering services, budgetary process and
accountability for the Water Department. This section interfaces with the
Board of Directors, general manager and the public to ensure effective
communication and proper administration of policies and procedures. Water
Administration also ensures that the sections and units within the Water
Department are meeting goals and objectives established by and for the
Water Department in their Strategic Plan.
The Engineering Services Section has three primary functions: 1) Provides
engineering services for the water department, other agencies, developers,
miscellaneous power and other capital maintenance and planning projects;
2) Manages the Capital Improvement Program (CIP), and 3) Serves as a liaison
for the district and provides protection of district interests through planning
and commenting on technical and legal documents and/or policies
procedures, operation and maintenance.
The System Control/Monitoring and Data Management Section maintains
the automated control and monitoring sites distributed throughout the
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irrigation system. A secondary function is to conduct flow measurement and
carry out data management tasks using several data systems including
SCADA, WIS/WISKI, Truepoint, GIS and Decision Support.
The All-American Canal/Dam O&M Section is responsible for transporting
irrigation, industrial and municipal water through the main canals for
scheduled deliveries. This section also plans, organizes, directs, prioritizes
and implements comprehensive strategies and programs for the
construction, maintenance and repair of Senator Wash, Imperial Dam, the
main canals, and related structures.
Water Dispatching Section estimates and orders Colorado River water for
Imperial Valley irrigation distribution. The section makes the irrigation water
available to the water divisions for delivery to farmland and cities by routing
the available irrigation water through the main canal system using IID’s
SCADA system. This section prepares water analysis reports and water
accounting from the All American Canal Station 1117 to Station 4242 which
becomes part of the USBR Colorado River accounting.
The South-End & North-end O&M Section has the primary responsibility of
delivering irrigation water to its southend and northend customers,
respectively, in the most economical and efficient manner. This section is
responsible for the district’s irrigation and drainage systems including the
maintenance of open channel canals, pipeline canals, water deliveries, and
open channel drains. The office staff interfaces with water customers
involving water orders, water card process requests, service pipes and small
acreage accounts.
a) Inventory of Existing Water Facilities
Water is diverted at the Imperial Dam through the 80-mile-long All-American Canal
and into a vast gravity-flow water distribution system, which the district owns,
operates and maintains. There are 11 main canal scheduling areas supported by 11
raw water storage reservoirs. The reservoirs help absorb flow mismatches from the
main canal reach upstream of the reservoir and allow delivery of scheduled flows into
the next reach downstream. These operational measures constitute a supply-control
process, where flows to meet scheduled water deliveries are released into canals and
routed from upstream to downstream according to the operations schedule. A
summary inventory of IID water facility system follows:
Imperial Dam- The Imperial Dam overlaps the California-Arizona border. The All-
American Canal trashrack and headgates are located adjacent to the California
abutment of the dam. Three desilting basins (design capacity 4,000 cubic feet per
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN RAW WATER SERVICES
second each) remove the sand and silt from the river water before it passes to the
All-American Canal. The sand and silt removed are continuously returned to the river
at the California Sluiceway Channel. The Imperial Dam and Gila Headworks are
operated and maintained by IID with costs shared by the Bureau of Reclamation and
the California and Arizona water agencies they serve. IID is responsible for directing
water to California, Arizona and Mexico as per its USBR contract.
Imperial Dam
Water Distribution Facilities- The All-American Canal (AAC) is a federal canal that IID
operates and maintains under contract for Reclamation. While the Bureau of
Reclamation owns the physical structure, IID owns the AAC capacity and as such,
operated and maintained by the district with share of costs from USBR and all the
state water agencies it serves. Within the Imperial Valley, three main canals receive
water from the All-American Canal: the East Highline, the Central Main, and the
Westside Main, which are owned and operated by IID. From these main canals, the
raw water is distributed through an extensive network of supply and lateral canals to
numerous IID customers. Please see Figure 4 - Imperial Unit Canal Network. The main
and supply canals have diversions to lateral canals, and from lateral canals into
customer’s head ditches. The extensive network of irrigation conveyance facilities
include over 1,641 miles of open channel canals. IID maintains earthen, concrete lined
and piped sections as noted in Table W-1, which proceeds Figure 5.
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Figure 5 - Imperial Unit Canal Network
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Table W-1
IID 2018 Water Distribution System
System Earthen Concrete Lined Piped Total Length Miles
All-American Canal¹ 56.720 23.000 .071 79.720
Main Canals 128.218 22.072 0.00 150.290
Lateral Canals 321.278 1,089.794 26.738 1,437.810
TOTAL 506.216 1,134.866 26.809 1,667.820
¹ The AAC is a federal canal that IID operates and maintains under contract for Reclamation. The New
River Siphon is a 374 foot piped portion of the AAC.
Water Operational Reservoirs- Raw water storage is an integral component of the
water distribution system for operational purposes. Operational reservoirs are
important for water system delivery and control delivery efficiency and have grown
increasingly critical to accommodate water transfers. IID’s water distribution system
includes seven regulating (R) and four interceptor (I) reservoirs with a combined
water storage capacity of 4,372 acre-feet. Table W-2 provides an inventory of existing
reservoir specifications as of 2018.
Table W-2
IID 2018 Reservoir Specifications
Reservoir Surface Storage Maximum Flow Capacity
Area Capacity, AF Depth, FT Inlet Outlet
Singh (R) 32 323 11.0 100 100
Sheldon (R) 50 476 10.0 100 100
Fudge (R) 38 300 10.0 100 100
Sperber (R) 64 470 9.0 100 200
Carter (R) 32 350 11.3 150 50
Galleano (R) 40 425 21.0 150 75
Bevins 37 253 12.9 165 50
Young 47 275 9.0 100 100
Russell 29 200 8.3 100 50
Wiley 51 300 7.0 190 51
AAC Off-line Storage (R) 74 1,000 13.6 400 400
TOTAL 494 4,372
Source: IID Reservoir Webpage.
Water Control Center- In September 1993, IID completed the construction of a $3
million Water Control Center. The 10,000 square-foot building constructed at IID
Headquarters houses hardware and software used to regulate automated gates for
water control and to collect the information needed to verify efficiency. The building
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is equipped with a backup generator that ensures uninterrupted power service to the
control system. Other technology at the Water Control Center includes earthquake
disaster recovery features, computer generated screens displaying control room
information and changeover procedures to allow for continuous 24-hour service. The
district further has numerous flow monitoring and control devices comprised of
elements depicted on Table W-3.
Table W-3
IID 2018 Flow Monitoring and Control Devices
Element Approximate Number
Farm Delivery Gates 4,780
Lateral Headings (33.5% automated) 233
Discharge/Flow Monitoring 147
Main & Supply Canal Check Gates* (89% automated) 66
Non-Leak Gates 20
TOTAL 5,246
Source: IID System Control/Monitoring and Data Management Section Staff, 2018
* The Gates represent 66 locations with 160 gates total as most locations have multiple gates.
Water Measuring & Accounting Equipment- IID measures and records all water
deliveries to users except for service pipes and small parcels. Flow is also measured
and recorded throughout the water transportation system (and at key points in the
drainage system) using SCADA technology by means of IID’s WIS/WISKI which is an
Oracle-based system to collect and process flow data in support of water
management. IID has over 300 automated measurement systems and an additional
126 manual main canal or lateral headings and 4,549 delivery gates. The district also
owns other miscellaneous metering equipment for efficient water accounting as
noted in Table W-4 Metering Equipment.
Table W-4
IID Metering Equipment
Equipment Type Number
All-American Propeller Meter 10
Flow Tracker/Point Velocity 2
ADCP (Rivercat-Sontek) 2
ADCP (Stream Pro RDI) 1
Marsh-McBurney 2
TOTAL 17
Source: 2016 Water Conservation Plan updated in 2019 by IID Staff.
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Personnel and Vehicles- The Water Department (excluding the Water Resources &
Grant Management Section, the Farm Unit Program Section, and Environmental
Section) is supported by a staff of 376 employees and 238 company owned vehicles.
The particulars under each respective Water Department Section are noted below.
Water Department Personnel 2018 (382 Total FTE):
Water Administration Section (6 FTE)
Engineering Section (53 FTE)
System Control/Management Section (27 FTE)
AA Canal/Dam O&M Section (34 FTE)
Operational Reporting Section (22 FTE)
Southend O&M Section (132 FTE)
Northend O&M Section (108 FTE)
Water Department Vehicles in 2018 (241 Total):
Water Administration (3 Vehicles)
Engineering Section (23 Vehicles)
System Control/Management Section (22 Vehicles)
AA Canal/Dam O&M Section (27 Vehicles)
Operational Reporting Section (2 Vehicles)
Southend O&M Section (94 Vehicles)
Northend O&M Section (70 Vehicles)
b) Adequacy of Existing Water Facilities
IID’s Colorado River 3.1 MAFY water entitlement is significant, and as the agency in
charge of these water rights, IID continues to responsibly manage its Colorado River
water supply and related resources in an efficient manner. Per the Provisional Water
Balance, IID has a generally consistent, consumptive agricultural use water demand
of 2.2 MAF/Year, on average (based on historic volumes). Total Non-Agricultural
Water delivery is under 93,000 AF/Year. Including all other water deliveries9 (385,000
AF/Year) the total volume is 2.6 MAF/Year. IID water supply and water transportation
facilities are able to satisfactorily meet this water demand.
Water Reservoirs- The 4,327 acre-feet of reservoir storage capacity has
demonstrated to be sufficient to maximize efficiency within the existing district’s
irrigation system given all the water transfer demands. An additional 4,300 AF of
operational water reservoirs are projected to be constructed over the next five years
to accommodate water transfers without any adverse impacts to the current
agricultural system and irrigation clients.
9 Includes water delivery for environmental, recreational, canal seepage, operational discharge, mitigation, and
evaporation.
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Water Distribution Facilities- IID’s extensive water distribution system is sufficient to
meet the needs of the district’s water service area. There are no water service
expansions proposed, or anticipated. For water conservation efforts, there is a need
to construct lateral interties throughout the IID irrigation system, as feasible. These
project demands are discussed under the conservation chapter of this SAP.
Water Control Center- The Water Control Center became operational in 1993 and is
approximately 25 years old. In early 1998, IID was awarded the International Award
of Excellence for Innovation Technology of its System Automation Program (Water
Control Center and remove flow monitoring sites), which provides improved water
management utilizing modern control technology. SCADA system upgrades, including
computer and processing unit installations, are continuously budgeted and upgraded.
Water Measuring & Accounting Equipment- IID had over 126 manual main canal or
lateral headings and 4,549 manual delivery gates as of 2018. It is the intent of IID to
complete several water measuring and accounting projects within the next four years
for upgrades towards automation of lateral heading and in direct relation to water
transfer demands.
Manual Lateral Heading
c) Future Demand for Water Facilities & Planned Improvements
The adopted 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan addresses
the region’s water supply and demand, including baseline and forecasted values
through 2050. In-valley water demand is separated from two sources of demand: 1)
agricultural, and 2) non-agricultural (municipal, industrial, feedlots, dairy,
environmental, recreation and similar uses). Historically, approximately 96 percent of
water is distributed for agricultural uses while 4 percent of raw water is distributed for
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non-agricultural uses. During 2017, less than 1.2 percent of the non-agricultural water
demand went to public agencies for treatment to potable water standards.
Non-agricultural demands are anticipated to increase over the planning period. The
Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan determined a historic per capita
municipal raw water demand of .23 AFY (weighted average) which is equal to 205
gallons per day, per capita and accounts for all municipal water use and not just
residential, prior to treatment and distribution. As of 2016, the Municipal Water
Demand was 30,418 AFY and accounted for approximately 34 percent of the total
(89,060 AFY) non-agricultural water delivery.
The same per-capita measure will be applied to future projections. This measure is
conservative considering the increasing water conservation measures being employed
by the respective agencies. Table W-5 projects Municipal water demand separate from
the projected demand from other non-agricultural uses outside of municipal demand.
The remaining 66 percent demand, for the same calendar year, came from feedlots,
industrial, rural service pipes and similar non-agricultural uses. Water demand from
these other non-agricultural areas is anticipated to increase modestly throughout the
planning period. Although the figures include geothermal, they do not include solar or
energy production.
Table W-5
Non-Agricultural Water Demand Projections
Projected Municipal AFY Other Non-Ag AFY
Year Population Demand Projections Demand Projections
2020 214,590 49,356 89,300
2025 232,998 53,590 96,000
2030 251,611 57,871 108,800
2035 263,309 60,561 109,500
2040 293,889 67,594 116,300
Source for Municipal: Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan 2012. Source
for Other Non-Ag: 2015 Provisional Balance using a multiplier of .03.
As has been the case historically, annual agricultural demands are expected to vary
from year-to-year based on commodity markets, rainfall, temporary, or long-term,
fallowing and other factors. The projected raw water demand for agricultural use is
expected to decline modestly between 2020 and 2030 due to conservation efforts and
then remain constant for year 2030 and beyond unless there is a moderate permanent
irrigated land retirement as a result of planned land use changes (conversion of
farmland to urban use). These permanent changes would be directly correlated to the
increase in population, via urban sprawl and conversion of farmland to urban uses.
Table W-6 combines Agricultural Water Demand & Non-Agricultural Water Demand
for a total water demand during the planning period.
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Table W-6
Agricultural Water Demand Projections & Total Water Demand
Agricultural All N on-Agricultural Total
Year AFY Demand AFY Demand Projected
Projections Projections AFY Demand
2020 2,309,600 138,656 2,450,276
2025 2,259,500 149,590 2,411,115
2030 2,209,500 160,671 2,372,201
2035 2,209,500 170,061 2,381,596
2040 2,209,500 183,894 2,395,434
Source: 2012 Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan.
Planned Water Facilities- No new water facilities are anticipated as a result of the
projected water demand, considering IID does not expect to expand its water service
footprint nor does IID expect to increase the water demand beyond its authorized
consumptive use. By contrast, IID plans to implement a number of water reduction
measures for overall water conservation and to accommodate water transfers (please
refer to water conservation section.) Some of the existing water facilities, however,
are planned for retrofit and rehabilitation for more efficient operation, as per the 5-
Year Capital Improvement Plan of the Water Department (last revised July 2018)
which may be modified from time to time. Any relevant water conservation data
associated with capital projects is discussed under the Conservation Programs section
of this Service Area Plan.
Water Reservoirs- An estimated 4,300 additional acre-feet of operational
reservoir storage capacity is planned for by IID. The following is a list of the
planned main canal reservoirs:
Central Main Reservoir
East Highline & All-American Canal Reservoir
East Highline North
Trifolium 10
West Side Main
The following is a list of planned mid-lateral reservoirs and the total acres
they would serve:
East Highline Lateral 1 (1,361 Acres)
E Lateral (1,720 Acres)
Rose Lateral (TBD)
Imperial Dam-Planned Imperial Dam projects are also projected within a five-
year timeframe by IID and noted below:
AAC Section 1-Basin Gallery Sludge Pipes
AAC Section 1-Repair & Replace Clarifier Training Wall Caps
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AAC Section 1-Refurbish Roller Gate Actuator and Gear Train
AAC Section 1-Refurbish Station 48+50 Check Gates
AAC Section 1-Refurbish Two Bypass & 14 Clarifier Inlet Gates
AAC Section 1-Repair California Trash Screen Railway
AAC Section 1-Replace 588 Valves on Clarifiers
AAC Section 3-Construct Floating Bulkhead for Pilot Knob
AAC Section 3-Rebuild Pilot Knob Wasteway Gates
AAC Section 3-Refurbish Pilot Knob Check Gates
California Sluiceway- Gate Replacement
Construct USBR Stoplogs for Unused Gates (50 percent of costs)
Refurbish/Replace Imperial Dam Service Water Tank & Piping to CA Abutment
Replace Service Water Piping from California Abutment to AZ Abutment
Repair Unused Radial Gate
Gila Headworks Construct USBR Stoplogs (50 percent of costs)
Gila Headworks-Rebuild One Diversion Gate Pair & Repair Endbeds
Gila Headworks Gate Refurbishment
Gila Headworks Repair/Replace Arizona Trash Screen Railway
Gila Headworks Trunnion Repair
Laguna Dam-Refurbish and Install Gate
Senators Wash-Units 1, 2, 3, & 5 Rewind Stator & Refurbish Pump
Support Facilities – Replace Housing Area Sewer Mains & Water Mains
Water Distribution Facilities- An estimated fifteen (15) miles of concrete
lining is planned for the IID Canal System. These improvements are expected
to facilitate maintenance by replacing deteriorated segments or installing
new concrete on earthen sections. Planned capital improvements to the
existing IID canal system are as follows:
Northend Deliveries, Check Structures, Gate Replacements
Southend Deliveries, Check Structures, Gate Replacements
New Briar Bypass for the Alamitos Check & Ash Check (Southend)
South Date Pipeline (≈1,050 feet)
Northend Concrete Lining Projects
O Lateral-Delivery 16 to RR (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Mesquite lateral G8 to G9
Orange Lateral G7 to G8 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Munyon Lateral G12 to G14 (1 Mile Estimated)
Malva 2 G3 to G4 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Trifolium Ext Lateral 2 – 2A Split to Delivery Gate 56 (0.6 Miles Estimated)
L Lateral G25 to G27 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Moss Lateral G5 to G6 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Oak Lateral G4 to G8 (1 3/4 Mile Estimated)
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN RAW WATER SERVICES
Trifolium Lateral 7 – G122 to G124 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Lavender G9 to G10 (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Southend Concrete Lining Projects
New Briar- Heading to Anza Road (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Pampas G23A to G24 (1/4 Estimated Miles)
Possible Inline Reservoir Candidate (1 Mile Estimated)
Hemlock-Gunterman to Delivery 2 and to Delivery 5A (3/4 Mile Estimated)
Hemlock-Delivery 5A to Lateral 2B Heading (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Pear 9th Street-G62 to End ( (3/4 Miles Estimated)
Ash Main-Check at G53 to Mets Road (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Ash Main- Mets Road to McCabe Road (3/4 Mile Estimated)
Ash Main- McCabe Road to Ash 25 Heading (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Pampas G10 to G12
Dogwood G1 to Dogwood Lateral 2 HD (1/2 Mile Estimated)
Water Control Center- The Water Control Center is expected to have annual
upgrades during 2020, 2021, and 2022 of approximately $120,000 annually.
The improvements consist of new computers and processing unit
installations.
Water Measuring & Accounting Equipment- IID anticipates numerous
automation equipment purchases within the next five years. Improvements
resulting from water transfer demand would result in district wide
operational discharge sites costing over $8 million, and district wide interties,
also at a value of over $8 million, all of which are proposed to be implemented
during the next four years (to be paid from water transfer revenues.) IID
system projects also include the following:
Sheldon Outlet
All American Canal Pilot Knob Spill
WSM No. 8 Check
EHL Delivery 35 Check
WSM Spruce Check Monitoring
CM Canal No. 4 Check PLC Controller Replacement
CM Canal No. 4 Check Gate Actuators & Sensors for Check & Lateral Turnouts
WSM Foxglove Check PLC Controller Replacement
WSM Foxglove Check Gate Actuators & Sensors for Check & Lateral Turnouts
CM Canal Newside Check PLC Controller Replacement
CM Canal Newside Check Gate Actuators & Sensors for Check & Lateral Turnouts
46 IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN RAW WATER SERVICES
d) Opportunities for Shared Water Facilities
IID does not share owned reservoirs, or distribution facilities with other jurisdictions
or agencies other than the AAC. The AAC is a federal canal that IID operates and
maintains under contract for the Bureau of Reclamation. IID owns the canal’s capacity,
having fully reimbursed Reclamation for construction costs. The AAC benefits a
number of agencies outside of the district boundaries under the 2003 Quantification
Settlement Agreement. It is also possible that in the future, the district will increase
storage of water at Lake Mead for mutual benefit. Storage is limited by the
Intentionally Created Surplus Forbearance Agreement10. Without an amendment, the
language existing as of 2018 would only allow IID to retrieve up to 100,000 AFY.
e) Phasing of Water Facilities
All of the district’s short-term construction projects and major capital purchases are
included in the Water Department’s Capital Improvement Plan which spans over a
five-year period. These capital projects exclude projects that are part of the water
transfer and conservation measures discussed under the Conservation Programs
Section of this Service Area Plan.
3. Water Facilities and Services Mitigation
The Imperial Irrigation District has an overall water supply goal to diversify the regional
water supply portfolio to ensure a long-term, verifiable, reliable and sustainable water
supply to meet current and future agricultural, municipal, commercial, industrial, and
environmental demands. In this vein, IID should continue to pursue various means by
which to provide for adequate water supplies for existing and future demands without
adversely impacting existing users. The following are mitigation measures to achieve
adequacy for water service facilities and services:
W-1 Continue to implement projects, or programs, that will provide a firm,
verifiable, and sustainable supply of 50 to 100 thousand acre-feet per
year (KAFY) for municipal, commercial or industrial demands by 2025.
W-2 Ensure equitable and appropriate cost sharing among water users
who would receive benefits from any proposed water management
project.
W-3 Continue to protect surface water rights in trust for its water users.
10 An Agreement between State of Arizona, the Palo Verde Irrigation District, the IID, the City of Needles, the Coachella Valley
Water District, the Metropolitan Water district of Southern California, the southern Nevada Water Authority and the Colorado
River Commission of Nevada to encourage efficient use and management of Colorado River water, help avoid shortages in the
Lower Basin, and benefit Lake Mead and Lake Powell.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN RAW WATER SERVICES
W-4 Optimize and sustain use of Colorado River entitlements through
development of water banking and storage projects via groundwater
banking and reservoir storage projects.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
B. IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
Irrigation drainage facilities in the Imperial Valley are within the jurisdiction of the IID. The
district operates and maintains an agricultural drainage system consisting of more than 1,450
miles of surface drains. The primary purpose of planning, designing, constructing and
maintaining drainage facilities is to control flooding from irrigation water. Water entering the
IID drainage system can originate from the following five sources: 1) irrigation system
seepage from canals and laterals and is intercepted by IID drains; 2) operational discharge
which is unused water that travels through the delivery system); and 3) on-fam tailwater
(water passing tile drains for the purpose of leaching), on-farm tailwater runoff (surface water
runoff that exceeds infiltration), and storm water runoff which is surface storm water that
exceeds soil infiltration rate or storage capacity. IID’s drains, as a matter of necessity, also
collect treated wastewater discharge, and surface runoff from non-agricultural uses.
Highly contaminated waters from Mexico (five-year average of 150,000 acre-feet annually)
also enter the Imperial Valley via the New River. All drainage flows ultimately discharge into
the Salton Sea and can contribute to the degradation of water quality both within IID drains
and within the Salton Sea. IID initiated a voluntary TMDL Compliance Program to monitor the
levels of pollutants within Imperial Valley watersheds.
1. Performance Standard for Drainage Facilities
Water Quality Standard- IID has a Drain Water Quality Improvement Plan (DWQIP) that
was prepared in 1994. The Plan was last updated in 2016 to address Total Maximum Daily
Loads (TMDLs) per the Federal Clean Water Act in order to improve the water quality of
impaired surface waters (i.e. streams, rivers, lakes, etc) that do not meet water quality
objectives. A TMDL is the amount of a particular material that a water body can absorb
while remaining safe for people and wildlife. A Conditional Waiver11 of the discharge
requirements was issued in 2015 by the Regional Water Quality Control Board for
agricultural dischargers and drain maintenance operators in the Imperial Valley. The
waiver, however, requires IID to implement a water quality monitoring program to satisfy
the additional requirements under the waiver (please refer to the IID Drain Water Quality
Improvement Plan for more detailed information.) Although minimal TMDLs are enforced
at this time, it is anticipated that additional pollutant goals for various constituents will
be established by the Regional Board by 2019 for the IID, for enforcement by 2020. The
final Sediment TMDL Numeric Target is 200 mg/L.
11 In January 2015, the Regional Water Quality Control Board adopted Order R7-2015-0008, a “Conditional Waiver of Waste
Discharge Requirements for Agricultural Wastewater Discharges and Discharges of Wastes from Drain Operation and
Maintenance Activities within the Imperial Valley, Imperial County, California”. The waiver is good for five years; however, being
conditional, means that the water board can revoke the waiver at any time.
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Discharge Drainpipe
Drainage Facility Standard-For the purpose of collecting and conveying agricultural
discharge, the district is obligated to provide drains at a sufficient depth, generally four
to ten feet, to accept subsurface discharge from over 32,000 miles of tile drains
underlying nearly 475,000 acres of farmland. Where a drain cannot be maintained at
sufficient depth, the district provides and maintains a sump and pump.
The limit on drainage received by IID facilities is set at five percent of the total volume of
water received within a billing period. The maximum allowable flow rate is to be ten
percent of the maximum flow rate of the water received, but shall not exceed 672 gallons
per minute (1.5 cfs). These limitations are set as guidelines and individual contracts may
be written with a water customer.
For non-agricultural discharges into IID drains, the requirements of the Colorado River
Basin Water Quality Control Plan, Federal Emergency Management Agency and
requirements established by the Imperial Irrigation District for storm water runoff are
applicable. As authorized by the Clean Water Act (CWA), the NPDES Permit Program
controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into waters
of the United States through Best Management Practices. All new development is
required to comply with these standards and to retain storm water on site for a minimum
of 72 hours prior to releasing it into an approved storm water conveyance system.
Conveyance out of the retention basins is restricted by IID via the use of 12" diameter
pipes. The outflow restriction into IID drains can result in detention times in excess of 72
hours (three days). Detention for longer than three days requires the implementation of
a mosquito abatement program in order to comply with the County Health Department
standard.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
2. Irrigation Drainage Facility Planning and Adequacy Analysis
Water flows from the irrigation distribution system to the drainage system. IID’s
agricultural drainage facilities were not designed for, and are not managed for, non-
agricultural discharges, flood, or storm water management purposes. As previously
noted, all non-agricultural urban areas in the Imperial Valley, through a permit process,
may be allowed to discharge into IID drains when sufficient capacity exists. Discharge may
drain into the New River or Alamo River, both of which are tributaries to the Salton Sea
and where strict regulations would apply.
a) Inventory of Existing Irrigation Drainage Facilities
IID operates and maintains an agricultural drainage system consisting of more than
1,450 miles of surface, gravity flow drains as referenced in Table D-1 IID Drainage
System. The drainage system is designed to collect IID’s operational discharge,
agricultural tilewater and tilewater from thousands of miles of subsurface (tile) drains
that growers have installed and operate independently. To that end, 750 surface and
subsurface drainage pumps, and approximately 430 control structures are installed
along the drainage system.
Table D-1
IID Drainage System
Total Length in
System Earthen Concrete Lined Piped
Miles
All-American Drains 37.410 0.000 12.700 50.110
Drains 1,295.912 1.180 108.848 1,405.940
Total Drains 1,333.322 1.180 121.548 1,456.050
Source: 2016 Water Conservation Plan
The All-American drains initiated construction in 1947 as part of a seepage recovery
program. The program returns seepage water with sufficiently low salinity levels back
into the respective main canals. The East Highline Canal began this program in 1967
and are further discussed under Conservation Programs of this Service Area Plan.
Personnel and Vehicles- The Water Department personnel and vehicles (excluding
the Water Resources & Grant Management Section, the Farm Unit Program Section,
and Environmental Mitigation Section) support all irrigation drainage system
operation and maintenance.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
b) Adequacy of Existing Irrigation Drainage Facilities
Drain Capacity Adequacy-The current IID drain facilities are adequate and able to
satisfy the service demand from existing agricultural farmland. Since IID has no
intention of expanding raw water territories beyond the existing agricultural service
footprint, IID has no plans for additional drainage facilities to meet the current and
projected services demands. Under conservation, there are plans for additional
drainage facilities to expand upon the seepage recovery projects.
IID has further communicated to local jurisdictions an interest in abandoning all
facilities within incorporated urban areas which do not actively provide a service to
agricultural operations. Under these circumstances each city would take over the
respective drain systems. Compliance with the regulatory requirements of new
development discharge and storm water facilities are solely borne to the
developer/permittee in order to ensure new urban development provides for
adequate on-site retention of storm water to mitigate against storm water impacts
to properties and the IID system.
Drain Water Quality- From 2004 through 2015, IID monitoring occurred at fixed
sampling sites on seven major and 18 minor Imperial Valley drains (Please refer to
Figure 6). Field measurements were collected (water temperature, pH, dissolved
oxygen, electrical conductivity, and turbidity), and water samples collected and
analyzed for general chemistry (TSS, turbidity, hardness, and alkalinity), as well as
chemical species of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur). This monitoring program
and the data generated from it is utilized to verify that individual drains meet water
quality standards, identify problematic areas, and to model and calculate the
concentration of various chemical species. Table D-2 summarizes IID’s monitoring
practices as of 2018.
Table D-2
IID Drain Monitoring Practices
Drain Water Location 1 Practice Frequency
Alamo River Outlet at Salton Sea TDS, pH, Ca+, Mg, Na+K, CO , HCO , SO , Cl,
3 3 4 Monthly
New River Outlet at Salton Sea Temp
TMDL Drain Water Location² Practice Frequency
7 major drains:
5 to Alamo River DO, EC, pH, selenium, TSS, NH -, NO -, NO ,
3 2 3
2 to New River Kjeldahl-N, Total N, Total P, Total Hardness, Ca+,
Monthly
9 river locations: Mg, Total Alkalinity, HCO 3 +CO 3, Cl-, SO 4 , E. Coli,
6 in Alamo River BOD, TDS
3 in New River
1 Collected by IID; analysis by ATS Labs, Inc. Brawley, CA; Alamo River at US/Mexico Border WERE discontinued Jan
2008 due to low flow (estimated as 1142 AF in 2014)
² Collected by IID; analysis by BABCOCK Labs, Inc., Riverside, CA.
52 IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
Figure 6
Water Quality Monitoring Program Sites
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
The 2017 Annual Monitoring Report for Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Levels showed
that eight of sixteen drain sites achieved the target goals. Five of the seven monitored
main drains discharging into the New or Alamo Rivers achieved the 200 mg/l goal. The
exceptions were the Rose Drain, which averaged 237.5 mg/l, and South Central Drain,
which averaged 287.5 mg/l. Monitored sites within the Alamo River achieved the final
200 mg/l goal in two of six locations. One of the four locations missing the goal, Alamo
River Drop No. 8, exceeded the goal by only 0.8 mg/l. The other three locations
narrowly missing the goal were Alamo River Drop No. 3, Alamo River Drop No. 6, and
Alamo River Outlet, with concentrations of 217.5 mg/l and 227.3 mg/l, and 223.3
mg/l, respectively. Of the three monitored sites within the New River, only one
achieved the final 200 mg/l goal. The two locations exceeding the goal (again,
narrowly) were New River Drop No. 2 and the New River Outlet, with concentrations
of 235.8 mg/l and 218.3 mg/l, respectively.
c) Future Demand for Irrigation Drainage Facilities and Planned Facilities
Urban sprawl may result in a net decrease of IID owned and operated drainage
facilities designed to capture irrigation runoff. As future urban development occurs,
storm water drainage systems must be installed and constructed into the project
area by the developer/permittee to ensure adequate collection and conveyance of
runoff. The type and extent of the development proposed will affect the demand
of facilities. A significant increase in the amount of impervious surfaces will result
in a greater amount of surface runoff. The exact size and location of future facilities
will be determined at the time development is proposed and processed through
each respective city or the county. All future development must continue to comply
with IID policies regarding temporary retention of storm water to reduce the impacts
to the IID drains.
Storm water runoff as well as other contributing factors has degraded both the
New River and Alamo River. The recently updated Water Quality Control Plan for
the Colorado River Basin Region prepared by the California Regional Water Quality
Control Board contains strict requirements for the water quality conveyed into
these rivers. Future facilities must be designed to adhere to the latest pollution
control devices and NPDES requirements.
According to the Water Department Five-Year Capital Improvement Plan (last revised
on July 2018), IID had the following Drainage Capital Improvements programmed
through 2023 with an estimated total of $9.5 million:
54 IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
Northend Moorhead Drain Pipeline
Northend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
Northend Trifolium Storm Drain
Southend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
d) Opportunities for Shared Irrigation Drainage Facilities
The IID drainage system provides a drainage outlet for each governmental subdivision
of approximately 160 acres, but is not designed to convey all storm water runoff from
urbanization. The Imperial Irrigation District will continue to maintain all drain
facilities that have a dual purpose of serving the agricultural community and collecting
storm-water discharge from permitted entities. At this time, the management of
these shared drainage facilities is effective and is not expected to change in the near
future.
e) Phasing of Irrigation Drainage Facilities
The Imperial Irrigation District has no plans of expanding its irrigation service area
thus there is no need for new drainage facilities. IID, however, does plan on
rehabilitating, or replacing, some of its existing drainage facilities, control structures,
inlets, and outlets on a continuous basis.
Short Term Improvements (Under 5 Years)
Northend Moorhead Drain Pipeline
Northend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
Northend Trifolium Storm Drain
Southend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
5-10 Year Improvements
Northend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
Southend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
10-15 Year Improvements
Northend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
Southend Control Structures, Inlets, Outlets
3. Mitigation for Irrigation Drainage Facilities
The Imperial will continually monitor the existing irrigation drainage facilities to ensure
the facilities are operating at an adequate level. The Imperial Irrigation District should
further implement the following mitigation measures for drainage facilities:
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN IRRIGATION DRAINAGE FACILITIES
D-1 All future non-agricultural development shall be required to construct
storm drain facilities in accordance with the design standards of the
respective jurisdiction and the Engineering Section of the IID Water
Department and obtain an encroachment permit from IID before it is
allowed to convey storm water into existing irrigation drains owned and
managed by IID.
D-2 All future non-agricultural development shall retain storm water on-site,
or within existing retention basins, to restrict storm water flow for a
minimum period of 72 hours before discharging into IID facilities.
D-3 All future non-agricultural development shall ensure compliance with all
local, state and federal rules and regulations related to the discharge of
storm water.
D-4 All future non-agricultural development shall provide improvements
constructed pursuant to best management practices as referenced in
the California Storm Water Best Management Practices Handbook.
D-5 IID shall continue to implement the Drain Maintenance Checklist prior
to scheduling drain maintenance to reduce unnecessary drain cleaning
which contribute to re-suspension of the drain’s bottom sediments.
D-6 Continue to enforce the Vegetation Management Plan developed to
train equipment operators and weed spray contractors on the proper
control of vegetation within drains to help maintain drain bank
stability, reduce suspended sediment, and reduce unnecessary
cleaning.
D-7 Encourage excavator-mounted GPS Units which allow excavator
operators to conduct drain cleaning operations from upstream to
downstream to filter nuisance vegetation before the vegetation is
removed and help eliminate over-excavation.
D-8 Actively enforce Regulation No. 39 requiring that water users maintain
a properly functioning tailwater box to prevent erosion at the tail end
of their field and in the receiving drain.
D-9 Continue to monitor delivery and tailwater under the On-Farm
Conservation Verification Program to ensure that excessive tailwater
discharge does not occur during irrigation events and that tailwater
boxes are in good condition.
56 IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN ENERGY SERVICES
C. ENERGY FACILITIES
IID entered into the electrical power business in 1936 to utilize the hydroelectric generation
potential on the All-American Canal. By 1943, the district had acquired the electrical system
and certain properties of the California Electric Company in Imperial County and parts of
Riverside County becoming the source of electric energy for a 6,898 square-mile service area,
including all of the Imperial Valley, parts of the Coachella Valley in Riverside County and a
small portion of San Diego County as an emergency response partner. IID’s Energy
Department, as of January 2019, provides electric power to more than 154,465 accounts. As
the sixth largest utility in California, IID Energy controls more than 1,100 megawatts of energy
derived from a diverse resource portfolio that includes its own generation, as well as long-
and short-term power purchases.
As previously noted, IID was certified by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation
(NERC) as one of 38 Balancing Authorities in the Western United States. As a Balancing
Authority, IID must ensure the reliability of the electric system within its geographical
boundaries by, among other requirements, maintaining a continual balance between electric
resources and electricity demands. IID is subject to the reliability, safety and security
regulations promulgated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and enforced
by the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC).
As a consumer-owned utility, IID Energy works to efficiently and effectively meet customers’
demands at the best possible rates, tying the IID area’s low-cost of living directly with low-cost
utilities. This must be met while making regulatory compliance-based decisions and strategic
expansion-based decisions, currently and in the future, with system reliability as a foundational
driving factor.
Due to the nature of the organization and interdependency of IID as a local organization along
with numerous federal, state and local agencies and business entities, IID is cognizant and
sensitive to the various and often differing goals of these external entities. There are four
equally important drivers that must be successfully integrated into every goal and objective.
These drivers are noted in the proceeding diagram which are further detailed under IID’s 2018
Integrated Resource Plan.
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN ENERGY SERVICES
1. Performance Standards for Energy Facilities
Complying with energy efficiency laws and environmentally related requirements is an
important objective for IID and a factor on the performance standards for energy
generation, transmission and distribution facilities. Detailed discussion on energy
conservation and emission reduction standards, however, are not discussed in this
chapter, but rather located under the Conservation Programs chapter of this Service Area
Plan.
Since IID is not a part of the CAISO, IID has the responsibility to provide reliable power to
all of its customers, even in extreme events. This is a challenge, since IID is interconnected
to several other Balancing Authorities, and this has an impact on the physical flow of
electricity within the IID service area. IID works conscientiously to assure that the system
operates properly under all conditions to the best of its ability. The effectiveness of the
power system reliability is disturbed by many operational characteristics of generation
facilities, transmission/ distribution interconnection strategies and other uncontrollable
factors, thus system reliability is a foundational driving factor for all decisions made by
IID. As a BA, the district has the obligation to:
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INTERNAL DRAFT SERVICE AREA PLAN ENERGY SERVICES
Match generation to load;
Maintain scheduled interchanges with other Balancing Authorities;
Maintain the frequency in real-time of the power system;
Help/cooperate interconnection regulate and stabilize alternating current
frequency;
Avoid overloading transmission segments;
Avoid inadvertent exchange of energy.
Reliability Standards- Reliability Standards are the planning and operating rules that IID
follows to ensure the most reliable system possible. These standards are developed by
the industry using a balanced, open, fair and inclusive process managed by the NERC
Standards Committee. NERC develops and enforces reliability standards; assesses
adequacy annually via a 10-year forecast, and summer and winter forecasts; monitors the
bulk power system; and educates, trains and certifies industry personnel. IID’s ability to
balance its load and resources in the current environment with the solar resources on-
line must be compliant with NERC balancing reliability standards. Specifically, Control
Performance Standard No 1 and 2 (CPS1 and CPS2) measures12.
Energy Generation Facilities- IID produces power supply locally, using efficient, low-cost
hydroelectric facilities, steam-generation facilities, as well as several natural-gas turbines.
The design life of a typical energy generation facility is 30 years. The desired performance
standard for IID is to match its generation level to its service load. IID does not have any
planned generation targeted for export as all energy export is for reliability or emergency
purposes and is developer driven.
As a balancing authority, the IID is required to have generation resources providing
spinning reserves, non-spinning reserves, operating reserves and planning reserves,
totaling about 15 percent of the forecasted load. In 2017, IID had energy requirements of
3,738 GWh. These energy requirements consisted of sales to end use customers (3,441
GWh) and make-up energy for system losses (296,375 MWh).
Energy Storage Facilities- AB 2514 requires local publicly owned electric utilities, such as
IID, to determine targets for procurement of viable and cost-effective energy storage. The
statute requires local publicly owned electric utilities to adopt procurement targets
through their boards by October 1, 2014, to be met by December 31, 2016, and December
31, 2020.
12 CPS is a frequency-sensitive evaluation of how well a Balancing Authority’s demand requirements were met for all control
areas in an interconnection. CPS1 is based on a 12-moth rolling average and should not be less than 100 percent. CPS2 takes
over a clock ten minute period (six non-overlapping periods per hour) and should not be less than 90%.
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Energy Transmission Facilities- The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)
requires each public utility transmission provider to offer intra-hourly transmission
scheduling to ensure charges for energy imbalance services are just and reasonable. The
intra-hour scheduling provisions provide opportunity for variable energy resources to
align the energy schedules with forecasted production as conditions change within the
hour.
Energy Distribution Facilities- Power distribution facilities standards are based on
reliability and ability to support future load growth from new development. A system’s
effectiveness, stability and reliability in providing power services is critical as a balancing
authority. Reliability is the consistency of a measure of service when it produces similar
results/uninterrupted services under consistent conditions.
2. Energy Facility Planning and Adequacy Analysis
In an effort to align the Energy Department in a manner that more efficiently
accomplishes the goals of the Strategic Plan, the Energy Department went under major
reorganization in 2018 which resulted in the reallocation of resources and numerous
positions to various units across separate energy sections. As of 2019, the Energy
Department contained eight (8) sections, and multiple units, with responsibilities as
follows:
Energy Administration Section is responsible for the oversight and management
of all operations, maintenance, engineering services, reliability and accountability
for the Energy Department. This section interfaces with the Board of Directors,
general manager, and the public to ensure effective communication and proper
administration of policies and procedures and oversees the energy Department
Strategic Plan.
System Operations Section is responsible for the safe and reliable operation and
dispatch of the district’s generation, transmission, and distribution systems. This
section consists of five units: 1) System Operations Engineering, 2) Transmission
System Operations, 3) Distribution System Operations, 4) Outage Coordination,
and 5) Reliability Compliance Unit.
Energy Optimization Section is responsible for aligning the Energy Department’s
financial goals with its customer and system operations requirements. Amongst
other responsibilities, this section is responsible for developing creative pricing
structures, in a competitive manner, while providing a forum where IID’s
customers participate in environmental stewardship by reducing greenhouse gas
emissions.
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Energy Production Section is responsible for providing cost competitive, reliable,
and environmentally compliant bulk electricity. Activities are focused on high
reliability at reasonable costs among the three production groups: 1) El Centro
Generating Station, 2) Other production Units for peak and emergency services,
and 3) Hydro Production Unit, generating electricity as a by-product.
Power Construction & Maintenance Section is responsible for maintaining the
integrity and reliability of existing transmission and distribution facilities and
construction of new overhead and underground assets including customer
projects. The section is comprised of four units: 1) Construction & Maintenance,
2) Power Troubleshooting, 3) Meter Shop, and 4) Construction & Maintenance
Safety and Compliance.
Planning & Engineering Section ensures the availability of reliable transmission
and distribution resources by planning/identifying the need for new facilities and
completing their design. They are to carry out the customer Project Development
Services for the planning, design, estimation, inspection, scheduling of metering,
construction and service department, and overall coordination of customer
projects. This section has the following units: 1) Business Development Support,
2) Materials Management, and 3) Transmission Planning.
Energy Business, Regulatory & Transactions Section is responsible for the
development of strategic business relationships to promote growth, change and
support renewable energy development and protect the balancing authority by
leveraging existing assets. This section designs and implements programs to
encourage customer conservation as a cost effective alternative.
Substation Operations & Maintenance Section is responsible for the SCADA and
data communications for substations, generation facilities and interconnections.
The section is comprised of two major units: 1) Substation Construction &
Maintenance & Repair and 2) Substation Protection & Automation.
a) Inventory of Existing Energy Facilities
The district owns and operates the electrical system, which includes generation,
storage, transmission and distribution facilities. Substations and transformer
components are also an integral part of the energy system.
Energy Generation Facilities- IID maintains a steady focus on diversifying its portfolio
of resources to serve load, including purchases and internal generation. The following
subsections are a brief overview of IID’s generation resource portfolio, which is in
excess of 1,100 MW:
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AAC Hydroelectric Resources- IID has a number of small hydroelectric
facilities located on the All-American Canal and nearby branches. The
hydroelectric units have a combined rating of about 85MW, although, due to
seasonal water flows the summer capacity rating is around 32MW as they are
directly dependent upon the needs of the local area agricultural crops.
Therefore, production will vary from season to season, but over the course of
the year, the average hourly output from the hydroelectric facilities is about
32MW. IID’s hydroelectric projects are considered green resources and
annual energy production from these units is approximately 270,000-280,000
MWh.
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station- IID has a small entitlement of
capacity in each of three units at the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
(PVNGS). IID’s total (delivered) capacity is 14MW (5MW from each of the
three PVNGS units less losses). One of the greatest benefits of nuclear
generation is the lack of any greenhouse gas emissions. Energy from PVNGS
is expensive compared to current market prices although the reduction in
greenhouse gas emissions helps the IID’s efforts to meet GHG emission levels.
Western Area Power Administration (Western) Parker-Davis Dam- IID has
an entitlement of 32.6MW (summer) in the Parker-Davis Hydroelectric
Project (Parker-Davis) in western Arizona. Energy from Parker-Davis is
provided by Western at the rate of 3,679 MWh per MW of capacity per
month. Parker-Davis energy can be primarily used during the on-peak
periods, although a small portion of the energy must be scheduled during the
off-peak periods due to water management requirements of the Parker and
Davis dams by Western. While Parker-Davis is a hydroelectric project, it is not
considered a renewable project by the state for RPS requirements.
Hydroelectric projects must be less than 30MW to qualify as renewable
projects. Parker-Davis capacity is a source of inexpensive capacity and energy.
Yucca Steam Plant -One of IID’s most important units is the Yucca Plant in
Yuma, Arizona. This steam unit has a nominal rating of 75MW (an operational
rating of 70MW) and is used for energy and ancillary services, including
regulation, on the IID’s system. There is also an associated gas-fired turbine
(19.7MW) at Yuma that is seldom used due to the poor heat rate of the unit.
The Arizona Public Service electric company operates the Yucca Plant under
an operating agreement with IID.
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Internal Thermal Generation- IID owns thirteen thermal generation units
within its service territory, the Yucca generation facility in Yuma and also nine
multi-unit hydroelectric facilities. The unit names, technology and
performance are summarized in Table E-1 IID Thermal Generation
Plants/Units. The Units produce over 855 MW of base energy.
Table E-1
IID Thermal Generation Plants/Units
113FF
Generator Gross Generator
Commercial Power
Name Nameplate Nameplate
Operation Factor
(MVA) (MW)
ECGS Unit 2-1 6/19/1993 HP 0.2 psig=35.294 MVA 85% HP 0.5 psig=30 MW
HP 15 psig=40.588 MVA HP 15 psig=34.5 MW
ECGS Unit 2-2 6/19/1993 105.77 85% 89.90
ECGS Unit 4 8/14/1968 96.00 85% 81.6
ECGS Unit 30 10/5/2012 77.50 85% 65.88
ECGS Unit 31 10/5/2012 54.00 80% 43.20
ECGS Unit 32 10/5/2012 54.00 80% 43.20
Niland Unit 1 5/29/2008 71.18 85% 60.50
Niland Unit 2 5/29/2008 71.18 85% 60.50
Rockwood Unit 1 6/7/1979 Base=37 MVA 85% Base=31.45 MW
Peak=39.880 MVA Peak=33.898 MW
Rockwood Unit 2 6/7/1979 Base=37 MVA Peak= 85% Base=31.45 MW
39.880 MVA Peak= 33.898 MW
6/8/1979 Base=29.6 MVA Peak=32 Base=26.64 MW
Coachella Unit 1 90%
MVA Peak=28.8 MW
6/11/1973 Base=29.6 MVA Peak= Base=26.64 MW
Coachella Unit 2 90%
32 MVA Peak= 28.8 MW
Coachella Unit 3 4/17/1974 Base=29.6 MVA Peak=32 90% Base=26.64 MW
MVA Peak=28.8 MW
Coachella Unit 4 5/28/1976 Not Listed Not Listed Base=28 MW Peak=
30 MW
12/28/1978 Base=26.033 MVA Base=26.64 MW
Yucca CT 21 90%
Peak=28.144 MVA Peak=28.8 MW
Yucca Steam 3/4/1959 75 85% 63.75
Drop 1 Unit 1 11/16/1984 Not Listed 80% 1.95
Drop 1 Unit 2 10/23/1984 Not Listed 80% 1.95
Drop 1 Unit 3 10/19/1984 Not Listed 80% 1.95
Drop 2 Unit 1 12/5/1953 6.25 80% 5
Drop 2 Unit 2 12/30/1953 6.25 80% 5
Drop 3 Unit 1 2/20/1941 6.00 80% 4.8
Drop 3 Unit 2 11/23/1966 5.5 80% 4.4
Drop 4 Unit 1 8/9/1950 12.5 80% 10
Drop 4 Unit 2 3/30/2006 12.5 80% 9.6
Drop 5 Unit 1 3/1/1982 2.5 80% 2
Drop 5 Unit 2 3/9/1982 2.5 80% 2
East Highline Unit 1 9/12/1984 3.019 80% 2.4152
Pilot Knob Unit 1 1/31/1957 20 82.5% 16.5
Pilot Know Unit 2 1/31/1957 20 82.5% 16.5
Double Weir Unit 1 3/20/2006 0.226 80% 0.18
Double Weir Unit 2 3/20/2006 0.226 80% 0.18
Turnip Unit 1 10/1/1964 Not Listed Not Listed 0.42
Source: IID Integrated Resource Plan 2014
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Energy Storage Facilities- IID has installed a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).
The BESS facility is located on the outskirts of El Centro on the site of IID’s El Centro
Generating Station and the adjacent Sol Orchard Solar Farm. BESS is a high power,
low energy resource rated at 33 MVA of power and 20 MWh of energy and consists
of the following components:
- 30 separate battery banks made up of 16 strings of battery modules and
components containing 5,760 Samsung lithium ion battery trays, and
associated battery management system controls and monitoring equipment.
- 30 GE Brilliance inverters rated at 1.25 MVA up to 45 degrees centigrade and
1.1 MVA up to 55 degrees centigrade, with a rated power factor of +/-0.93.
- 30 GE Prolec1.25 MVA isolation transformers
- GE Mark VIe controllers.
- 8 Trane, 30 ton heat pumps and 4 Trane, 25 ton air conditioning units.
- Four zone fire suppression system.
- 34.5kV/92kV substation that interconnects the BESS to IID’s transmission
grid.
- BESS building that houses the lithium batteries.
El Centro Battery Energy Storage System Facility.
Energy Transmission Facilities- The Imperial Irrigation District transmission and sub
transmission system includes approximately 1,800 miles of overhead transmission
lines. IID’s transmission system consists of 500kV, 230kV, 161kV and 92kV
transmission lines. Whenever IID purchases energy from outside its service territory,
it may be required to purchase transmission capacity. The transmission system is used
to wheel bulk power supplies into the IID’s balancing authority.
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500kV Transmission system- IID owns a portion of the Southwest Power Link
500kV line that connects the Palo Verde Substation to the North Gila 500kV-
69kV substation near Yuma, Arizona. The line continues from North Gila to the
Imperial Valley 500kV-230kV Substation in El Centro. IID also owns a portion of
the 500kV HANG2 line that connects Hassayampa to North Gila 500kV
substations.
230kV Transmission system-There are two major components that comprise
IIDs 230kV transmission system. The first is a single circuit line between IID’s El
Centro Switching Station in El Centro and the Imperial Valley Substation that is
jointly owned by IID and SDG&E (the “S” line). The second is a double-circuit
transmission line that runs south to north through the IID’s service territory and
with SCE at the Devers and Mirage substations (KN/KS lines).
230kV Collector system- Also known as KN/KS and runs south to north across
the IID’s service area to SCE’s Mirage Substation. The lines were constructed in
1983 for the primary purpose of delivering over 500MW of “power generating
facilities,” mostly consisting of renewable resources in the IID system and
contracted to SCE at that time.
161kV Transmission System -The 161kV transmission system consists of two
separate lines across the IID service area that interconnects several 161kV/92kV
transmission stations. It also provides interconnection to Western through two
161kV transmission lines, from IIDs Niland Substation to Western’s Blythe
substation and from IIDs Pilot Knob Substation to Western’s Knob Substation
and one interconnection from IID’s Pilot Knob to the APS Yucca Substations.
92kV Transmission System-The 92kV transmission/subtransmission system
consists of multiple transmission lines that provide interconnection to the
distribution substations (92kV/13.2kV) that are constantly constructed and
upgraded to provide transformation capacity to the distribution system.
Substations- IID operated 128 substations in 2018 to serve a 6,898 square mile
electric service territory. The substations transform voltage from high to low, or the
reverse, or perform any of several other important functions for efficient operation.
Energy Distribution Facilities- The IID distribution system includes 4,404.3 miles of
overhead lines and 1,744.1 miles of underground lines.
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Energy Department Personnel 2018 (480 Total FTE):
Energy Administration Section (10 FTE)
Business Development Support Unit (5 FTE)
Energy Materials Management (4 FTE)
System Operations (65 FTE)
Energy Optimization (16 FTE)
Energy Production (85 FTE)
Power Construction & Maintenance (138 FTE)
Energy Planning & Engineering (101 FTE)
Substation Operation & Maintenance (56 FTE)
Energy Department 2018 (271 Total Vehicles):
Energy Administration Section (12 Vehicles)
Business Development Support Unit (1 Vehicle)
System Operations (8 Vehicles)
Energy Production (27 Vehicles)
Power Construction & Maintenance (141 Vehicles)
Energy Planning & Engineering (39 Vehicles)
Substation Operation & Maintenance (43 Vehicles)
a) Adequacy of Existing Energy Facilities & Planned Facilities
Reliability Standards- IID’s ability to balance its load and resources in the current
environment with the solar resources on-line is compliant with NERC balancing
reliability standards. IID is highly compliant based on Control Performance Standard
No 1 and 2 (CPS1 and CPS2) measures. With the expectation that IID will add
additional solar resources to its portfolio, IID’s ability to comply with NERC balancing
standards may be more of a challenge in the future.
Energy Generation Facilities – IID’s energy generation of 1,223,929 MWhr and
purchase of 2,629,994 in 2018 matched the service demand for that year. IID
Generation Hydroelectric and thermal assets are maintained and operated according
to the original equipment manufacturers recommendations. Improvements are made
to each unit based on an identified need for improved safety, environmental and
regulatory compliance, reliability, or efficiency. While IID has made significant
investments in recent years to upgrade its generation assets, three IID Automatic
Generation Control capable units (Yucca Steam Unit, El Centro Unit 4 and El Centro
Unit 2) are 55 years old, 46 years old and 21 years old, respectively. With a typical
plant design life of 30 years and the five plus years to design, develop and construct
a new plant more than 100MW, consideration of future generation assets seems
warranted at this time.
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With the exception of the Niland Units, El Centro Generation Station Unit 2 and the
newly repowered El Centro Generation Station Unit 3, most of IID’s thermal resources
are inefficient. However, IID’s existing resources and power purchase agreements
were sufficient to meet the load for 2018, but for 2019, the IID is short capacity to
meet forecasted load requirements during the summer months mainly due to the
natural load growth projected in the load forecast. Such shortages are regularly
caused by seasonal peeks and satisfied by seasonal purchases. Identifying the right
mix of new resources to meet IID’s 2019 resource deficit and future demand is critical.
IID must balance with a correct resource mix to maintain compliance with regulatory
requirements and attempting to minimize annual costs. Any needed facilities would
be constructed within IID’s existing Balancing Authority service area.
Energy Storage Facilities- The installed 20MWH/33MVA battery storage facility
(BESS) has greatly reduced the volatility of impact from intermittent resources. IID’s
ability to balance its load and resources in the current environment with the solar
resources on-line is compliant with NERC balancing reliability standards. In fact, IID is
highly compliant based on Control Performance Standard No 1 and 2 (CPS1 and CPS2)
measures. With the expectation that IID will add additional solar resources to its
portfolio, IID’s ability to comply with NERC balancing standards may be more of a
challenge in the future. The battery has an efficiency ratio of 1:.85, so the dispatch
price must be at least 15 percent better when strategically dispatching the battery to
address system needs.
Energy Transmission Facilities- Consistent with NERC/WECC planning standards,
IID performed an IID Transmission Assessment. This five year and 10-year assessment
of the IIDs electric system was performed to ensure IID has enough generation and
transmission resources to serve its load reliably and to ensure grid reliability at all
demand levels over a 10-year planning horizon under normal and contingency
operating conditions.
o 92kV Transmission System-The 92kV transmission/subtransmission system
consists of multiple transmission lines that are constantly constructed and
upgraded to provide transformation capacity to the distribution system.
These continue to be ongoing improvement efforts.
o 161kV Transmission System -This 161kV system has met the load serving
requirements of the IID for over 50 years. However, as the load continues to
grow in all regions of the IID service area, planning for necessary system
upgrades has been ongoing. The existing system has also experienced
additional stresses due to generating resources constructed near the edge of
the IID service territory.
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o 500kV Transmission System- It is highly likely that a major new transmission
line will be constructed in the Imperial Valley with a number of new 500kV
transmission lines proposed by private and public entities. IID will work with
the various project sponsors to develop a line that maximizes the benefits to
IID and its ratepayers. IID will oppose any new lines that threaten its balancing
authority rights, or which could result in stranding the IID’s investment in
transmission resources.
Energy Distribution Facilities – IID faces some challenges on the horizon that include
the impact of distributed generation on system losses. IID continues to manage and
identify losses found in its power system. Reduction of these losses allows IID to
provide a more efficient, more reliable and higher quality electric service. The
distribution assessment that was prepared and part of the Integrated Resource Plan
for the Energy Department included three categories of need: 1) Reliability-Projects
that are needed to maintain system reliability; 2) Cannabis-Projects that are based on
customer interconnections for large industrial producers of cannabis located in the IID
power system; and 3) New Development-Projects that depend on load growth. The
planned IID System area distribution of project cost is broken down in Figure 7.
Figure 7-Energy Distribution Projects for total IID System (2019 IRP).
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b) Future Demand for Energy Facilities & Planned Improvements
The 2017 energy load for IID was 3,441,631 MWh. As previously noted under the
Growth Projections chapter of this Service Area Plan, the energy load forecast was
determined via an econometric approach to forecast IID’s total retail sales. The Net
Energy for Load (NEL) forecast was derived from the total retail sales forecast and the
average difference of NEL and retail sales in historical years; Coincident Peak (CP)
forecast was derived from NEL forecast and historical representative load factors. The
gross result of the energy load forecast expected in both expected and severe
weather conditions is shown in Table E-2 2018 Load Forecast Expected Case for CP
and NEL (excluding any energy conservation savings).
Table E-2
2018 Energy Load Forecast Expected Case Gross CP and NEL
LF Projected Case (expected LF Projected Case (severe
weather) weather)
Gross CP Gross NEL Gross CP Gross NEL
Year
(MW) (MWh) (MW) (MWh)
2019 1,139.70 3,981,267 1,199.30 4,189,437
2020 1,152.00 4,035,339 1,212.30 4,246,598
2021 1,168.20 4,081,084 1,229.30 4,294,454
2022 1,183.20 4,133,184 1,245.10 4,349,672
2023 1,199.70 4,190,873 1,262.60 4,410,674
2024 1,212.00 4,245,549 1,275.70 4,468,523
2025 1,231.00 4,300,459 1,295.80 4,526,503
2026 1,246.70 4,355,303 1,312.30 4,584,406
2027 1,262.90 4,411,860 1,329.50 4,644,229
2028 1,275.80 4,468,148 1,343.10 4,704,805
2029 1,295.70 4,526,350 1,364.10 4,765,285
2030 1,312.10 4,583,747 1,381.50 4,825,976
2031 1,328.60 4,641,267 1,398.90 4,886,819
2032 1,341.50 4,699,019 1,412.50 4,947,928
2033 1,361.70 4,757,006 1,434.00 5,009,279
2034 1,378.40 4,815,224 1,451.60 5,070,861
2035 1,395.20 4,873,768 1,469.30 5,132,781
2036 1,408.30 4,933,023 1,483.20 5,195,460
2037 1,429.10 4,992,362 1,505.20 5,258,250
Source: 2018 Draft Energy Integrated Resource Plan
Planned Energy Generation Facilities- IID has been exploring the currently existing
infrastructure to develop small hydroelectric facilities. IID is considering the
construction of two low head hydroelectric plants at the West Side Main Check No. 8
and at the Foxglove canal heading.
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IID is also investigating several local geothermal projects, both existing facilities and
to be newly developed generating facilities. IID has abundant opportunities to explore
currently existing geothermal projects that have expiring contracts with SCE between
2018 and 2023. Additionally, IID is investigating the possibility of a public-private
partnership with geothermal developers to develop IID-owned lands with a
geothermal potential located near the Salton Sea.
Substations- There are no immediate plans for electrical substations. If substantial
new development is proposed, it may create a need for new substations. Any
substation and/or related facilities resulting from growth demand would be
constructed within the service area of the IID and within the balancing authority
boundaries.
Planned Energy Transmission Lines- A major new transmission line needs to be
constructed in the Imperial Valley with a number of new 500kV transmission lines
proposed by private and public entities. IID will work with a merchant project sponsor
to develop a line that maximizes the benefits to the IID and its ratepayers. IID will
oppose any new lines that threaten its balancing authority rights, or which could
result in stranding the IID’s investment in transmission resources.
On a regional level, IID has established plans with state and regional transmission
planning agencies with the recent proposal of the Strategic Transmission Expansion
Plan (STEP). The transmission expansion plans aim to provide plans to achieve
diversity, sustainability and resilience to the bulk transmission system, distribution
system and local communities while improving reliability.
Planned Energy Distribution Facilities - As previously noted, project needs were
identified for system reliability, customer interconnections associated with potential
cannabis industry growth, and new development. Some of the distribution projects
identified by IID within a five-year time frame for the Riverside County Service area
include the following:
Avenue 52 Substation 2nd Bank Coachella – New Circuit
Cannabis No. 1 Two 40 MVA Transformer Bank at Date Palm Business Park
Bermuda Dunes 25 MVA Transformer Bank at Fred Waring Drive
CannaNevada 40 MVA Transformer at Avenue 54
North Gate 25 MVA Transformer at S/S Indio Boulevard
Marshall Substation 3rd Bank
New Dillon 25 MVA Transformer/Distribution Breakers in Riverside County
Carreon 2nd Transformer Bank/25 MVA
La Entrada West 25 MVA Transformer Bank in City of Coachella
Cannabis No. 2 300 MVA; two 40 MVA Transformers along Harrison Avenue
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Travertine 25 MVA Transformer Bank at Avenue 62nd and Madison Street
Avenue 44 25 MVA Transformer Bank between Golf Center Parkway & Dillon
Mecca 2nd Bank 25 MVA at Avenue 68 and Johnson Street in Mecca
Frances Way 2nd Transformer Bank; 25 MVA in City of Palm Desert
Rancho Mirage 25 MVA Transformer; 4 Distribution Breakers
Paradise Valley two 25 MV Transformer Bank
CannaNevada 2nd Bank serving Coachella Industrial Park
Jefferson 3rd Transformer Bank; 25 MVA at Avenue 52
Santa Rosa (Avenue 60 Development) 25 MVA Transformer
New Oasis two 25 MVA Transformers; eight Distribution Breakers
Some of the distribution projects identified by IID within a five-year time frame for
the Imperial County Service area include the following:
New Kloke Distribution Substation; two 25 MVA in City of Calexico
Victoria Ranch Distribution Substation 25 MVA on Dogwood Road
Lucky Ranch Distribution Substation 25 MVA near Brawley
Diamante Distribution Substation 25 MVA near City of Calexico
Anderson Distribution Substation 25 MVA near McCabe/City of El Centro
New Euclid Distribution Substation two 25 MVA Replacement
c) Opportunities for Shared Energy Facilities
The Imperial Irrigation District utilizes interregional partnerships in efforts to plan for
extreme events. This includes shared transmission projects that provide access to
various energy markets. IID has a share of the Hassayampa – North Gila 500 kV line
No. 2 (HANG2) in Arizona which terminates at North Gila (N.Gila) substation. This share
can provide access to the Palo Verde market. IID is currently exploring the possibilities
of participating in the North Gila – Imperial Valley 2 project. This project would allow
IID to take advantage of its 20% share on the HANG2 line as well as provide additional
reliability benefits. This project would most likely increase the allowable flow on
HANG2 from 500MW to over 1000MW which would allow IID to move over 200MW
through HANG2.
At a macro-scale, California policy makers have, are debating the benefits of
operating the Western regional grid as a single entity. The intent of regionalization in
the form of an integrated western regional energy market is to facilitate grid
operators’ abilities to more easily and efficiently share resources throughout the
western states. The decision to join a regional transmission organization is left to the
individual entity based on its preference. Should a bill similar to AB813 progress and
retain its optional language, IID will perform a detailed evaluation of the benefits and
the costs prior to making a final decision on whether to participate.
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IID is also able to participate in Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA)
projects. The SCPPA acts as a funding entity for transmission, generation, fuel and
energy efficiency projects. The SCPPA will issue debt for the construction of new
resources and then secure this debt with take-or-pay contracts with project
participants. When IID is a party in a transaction with SCPPA and member utilities, the
debt falls on SCPPA and therefore there are minimal impacts to the IID’s credit ratings
(an unequivocal advantage of being a member of SCPPA). Another advantage is that
joint action entities like SCPPA allow small entities the opportunity to participate in
larger, cost-effective generation resources.
One of the listed IID facilities, the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station, is under a
SCPPA contract. IID has not participated in the majority of SCPPA’s projects, primarily
due to geographical issues. The majority of SCPPA’s members have transmission
access to the north and east, but IID does not have the transmission resources
necessary to access many of SCPPA’s projects.
d) Phasing of Energy Facilities
In order to maintain an adequate energy supply to IID customers, IID analyzed and
evaluated all of the relevant supply-side and demand-side resource impacts to the
current and future financial health of the district. The following projects are
anticipated to be implemented during the twenty-year planning period:
Short Term Improvements (Under 5 Years)
Midway to Devers 500kV Transmission Project (90 miles)
North Gila-Highline Transmission Project.
30 MW of Energy Storage
Multiple Distribution Projects in Riverside County (20 sites)
Multiple Distribution Projects in Imperial County (6 sites)
Mid-Term 5-10 Year Improvements
Southwest Loop Project (Upgrades to L-Transmission Line)
Imperial Valley-Banister Substations Transmission Line Project
Riverside County Multiple Distribution Sites
o Kohl Ranch 300 MVA; 40 MVA Transformer
o Sky Valley 2nd Bank 25 MVA
o New Thermal two 25 MVA
o Avenue 54 two 25 MVA (Ave 54 and Monroe Street)
o La Entrada two 25 MVA Transformer Bank in City of Coachella
o No La Quinta 3rd Transformer Bank 25 MVA
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Multiple Distribution Projects in Imperial County (5 sites)
o La Paloma Distribution Substation 25 MVA near Brawley
o Holtville Distribution Substation 25 MVA, south of Holtville
o Keystone Distribution Substation 25 MVA near Keystone Road
o Barioni Lakes Distribution Substation 25 MVA near City of Imperial
Long Term 10-15 Year Improvements
IID Comisión Federal de Electricidad 230kV Transmission Project
3. Mitigation of Energy Facilities
IID has a comprehensive Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) prepared for the Energy
Department. The goals in the IRP provide the Energy Department an integrated approach
to identifying the generation and power system resources needed to sustain IID’s service
to the communities in a fiscally responsible, reliable, efficient and affordable manner. The
IRP should be reviewed for more detailed information, however, the following are
summary recommendations to achieve adequacy of energy service facilities:
E-1 Continue to implement the goals identified under the IID Integrated
Resource Plan regarding Cost and Operation, Efficiency, Regulatory
Compliance and Regional Development.
E-2 Explore and implement potential energy loss reduction strategies
such as installing additional distribution capacitor banks, extending
existing transmission lines to improve service to concentrated loads,
and establish a distribution line re-conductor program.
E-3 Complete all necessary distribution system upgrades.
E-4 IID should diversity its generation resource mix in all things and all
approaches thus reducing various risks.
E-5 Continue to invest in IID-based and region-wide transmission
infrastructure.
E-6 Study and explore the location and technology type of a peaking
generator to be installed and operating in the near-term to provide
the necessary support the IID system needs to maintain reliability in
the wake of a heavy influx of intermittent renewable resource
integration.
E-7 IID shall work on the development of a capital replacement plan to
address the aging fleet of thermal generation units.
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D. CONSERVATION PROGRAMS AND SERVICES
IID is located at the heart of many available natural resources to develop renewable
generation facilities as well as energy efficiency and conservation. This drives IID’s decision-
making process since many of the laws that have been developed over the past several years
change the entire dynamic of strategic resource planning and the integration of resources.
Under the water side, challenges presented by new in-valley water demands and land use
changes are intensified by the annual cap on Imperial Region’s Colorado River water supply
and the uncertainty associated with varying annual demands and competing uses within the
Imperial Region. The Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (IRWMP) is the
result of stakeholders, who represent a wide array of interests, working together to formulate
and support implementation of long-term water management solutions many of which are
represented under IID’s water conservation programs described under this Service Area Plan.
These programs enable the district to be a party to the nation’s largest agriculture-to-urban
water conservation and transfer agreement, implementing efficiency-based conservation
programs in coordination with its agricultural water users that create just under 500,000 acre-
feet annually of conserved water (from 2003 baseline year) for use by its funding partners
under the Quantification Settlement Agreement. Only water conserved through efficiency
practices would be transferred out of the Imperial Region under Water Transfer Agreements
in place, thus having no adverse impact on historic levels of agricultural production.
Under the energy side, IID implements a comprehensive energy conservation portfolio similar
to California which leads the nation in energy efficiency and renewable energy programs.
Assembly Bill (AB) 2021 requires each publicly owned utility to identify all potentially
achievable cost effective electricity efficiency savings and to establish annual targets for
energy efficiency savings and demand reduction for the next 10-year period. IID has joined
California Municipal Utilities Association (CMUA) in partnership with Northern California
Power Agency (NCPA) and the Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA) to
collaborate on the development of individual utility energy efficiency and demand-reduction
targets. IID implements an aggressive energy-efficiency portfolio with the goal of reducing
both energy consumption and peak demand. Energy-efficiency programs may be classified as
either conservation programs, or demand-side management (DSM) programs. Conservation
programs attempt to reduce the total amount of energy required by consumers while DSM
programs attempt to change the timing of energy use.
Senate Bill 350, the Clean Energy and Pollution Reduction Act, passed in the 2015 California
Legislative Session, further requires IID compliance with renewable portfolio standards laws
and emissions laws. Greenhouse Gas Emission reductions, under SB100, are also planned for
by IID in order to avoid having to purchase emission credits.
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1. Performance Standards for Water & Energy Conservation
Water Conservation Standard- The Imperial Irrigation District does not have any
performance standards adopted for water conservation, however, the district’s Water
Department, consistent with the Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan
(2012) and IID’s Water Conservation Plan (2016), does implement several strategies to
reduce in-valley water demand. The performance standard is therefore established as
performing the same water using activity, but more efficiently and with less water than
historic totals. The minimum conservation target shall be conservation yields consistent
with the Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA). The QSA specified 487,200 AFY of
water will need to be conserved by 2026 by the IID considering all IID Quantification and
Transfers. The target water conservation level is 450,200 AFY by 2020 and through 2024.
Energy Conservation Standards- Consistent with Senate Bill 350, the Clean Energy and
Pollution Reduction Act, passed in the 2015 California Legislative Session, the IID Energy
Department has adopted energy efficiency standards under its 2018 Integrated Resource
Plan. The new IID adopted Energy Savings Target for 2018-2027 contains the two
categories MWh from Market Potential from Programs and MWh from Codes and
Standards. The district must increase energy efficiency achievement in buildings by 50
percent (with special emphasis on participation from low-income communities).
Renewable Energy Standards-The district must also meet Renewable Portfolio Standards
which are targeted to reach 50 percent of total retail energy sales by 2030. This is
equivalent to 50-75 MW of baseload energy and around 100-150MW of solar generation,
or some other intermittent resource such as wind, with an annual capacity factor around
30 percent.
Emission Reduction Standards-The Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32) mandates
public utilities, such as IID, to reduce total company wide emissions to 1990 levels by 2020
and an 80 percent of 1990 levels reduction by 2050 – a state reduction of about 30
percent and a reduction of about 7-10 percent for IID. Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHG)
standards also have to be complied with by the IID. The district has adopted the target
goal of GHG emission reduction to 40 percent below the 1990 levels. To meet this goal,
IID must reduce GHG emissions to 1,100 lbs./MWh, on average. In the case of the IID, the
reduction of overall organizational emissions will be mainly rendered through a rigorous
renewable portfolio program already in progress by the IID Energy Resource Planning
Unit.
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2. Water Conservation Program Planning and Adequacy Analysis
Water Department Conservation Programs
IID established water conservation programs are designed on best management practices
for efficient use of resources addressed herein, but may not be all inclusive. Additional
water conservation efficiency strategies are identified in IID’s Efficiency Conservation
Definite Plan (Definite Plan) (Davids Engineering 2007) and System Conservation Plan and
Delivery Measurement Description (System Conservation Plan) (IID 2009).
Water conservation efforts are managed and delivered through IID’s Water Department.
The Water Department is comprised of five sections, however, only two sections are
primarily dedicated to Water Conservation efforts and Water Conservation Program
implementation. A description of the primary duties of each respective section follows:
Water Resources & Grant Management Section is comprised of three units which
include Administration, Water Quality/ Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) and
Quantitative Settlement Agreement Mitigation. This section is responsible for
activities involved in planning and management of water resource programs of
interest to the district. This section is responsible for compliance of several state
water quality mandates including TMDL, agricultural water runoff targets and
represents the district in regional water use coordination efforts and projects
involving Salton Sea environmental mitigation.
Farm Unit Programs Section is the Water Conservation Programs section and is
responsible for long-term implementation of water conservation and transfer
programs between IID and other agencies. Areas of responsibility include fallowing,
apportionment, agricultural water clearinghouse and on-farm conservation
programs. Staff sets program objectives, develops budgets, provides short and long-
term planning and implements the work developed for each program.
Environmental Mitigation Section is comprised of Environmental Mitigation and
Biological Control units. This section is responsible for Water Department and QSA
water transfer environmental mitigation implementation. It performs wildlife species
monitoring and conservation, managed marsh complex construction, operation and
maintenance, desert pupfish refugium construction, and Salton Sea air quality
mitigation. This section is responsible for compliance with QSA EIR/EIS, biological
opinion, ITP 2081 and other environmental permits for various projects. This section
is also responsible for the biological control of invasive species within the IID canal
system by use of grown and raised grass carp.
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a) Inventory of Existing Water Conservation Programs & Resources
Water Conservation Programs & Resources- Water Resource Management under the
Water Department are focused on three areas of efficiency: 1) Agricultural Water use
Efficiency, 2) Renewable Energy Water Use Efficiency, and 3) Urban Water Use
Efficiency. A brief overview of the existing programs and services is described under
each focus area below.
1) Agricultural Water Use Efficiency- Improving water use efficiency in close
collaboration with the agricultural industry has been an important goal for the
Imperial Irrigation District and Imperial Valley farming community. IID and
Imperial Valley growers have worked aggressively to implement system-wide and
on-farm water conservation measures since the 1940’s. The 1988 Agreement
with the Metropolitan Water District identified a 15 Point Water Conservation
Program. Conservation projects have evolved over the years resulting in some
project/program elimination, completion and/or new program implementation.
The following is a list of some of the projects and programs currently in place and
implemented under the district’s continuing 1988 and 2003 water conservation
efforts, both On-Farm and System to meet all water transfer agreements and
water conservation goals:
On-Farm conservation program (incentives for on-farm efficiencies)
All-American Canal Seepage Recovery Projects
East Highline Seepage Recovery Projects
Concrete Lining of key Canals and Laterals (complete)
Irrigation Scheduling and 12-Hour Water Delivery Program
Tailwater Education Program
Irrigation Water Management Evaluation Program
Systemwide Conservation Monitoring and Verification Program
System Interceptor Projects
Operational Reservoirs
Discharge Reduction Program (communication/automation)
Lateral Intertie Projects
Main Canal Seepage Recovery Program
2) Renewable Energy Water Use Efficiency- The renewable energy industry
represents a significant economic development opportunity within the IID Service
Area and has the largest forecasted increase in future water demand, requiring a
reliable long-term supply that does not impact agricultural productivity. The
Imperial County General Plan (Imperial County, 2003) established a future water
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demand from geothermal and solar thermal generation at 180,000 AFY while the
Imperial IRWMP forecasted future renewable energy water demands, with
conservation, at 146,000 AFY. This constitutes a 20 percent water conservation
savings, consistent with the California Department of Water Resources’ goal by
the year 2020. IID’s Plans and Programs influence how much water is available in
a year’s supply and demand imbalance, and how water is to be apportioned to
new renewable energy projects. The 2009 IID Interim Water Supply Policy (IWSP)
provides for an apportionment of up to 25,000 AFY for development of renewable
energy industries within an established pricing structure. The following are Best
Management Practices that IID considers when reviewing new renewable energy
projects or expansions:
Support the use of dry or hybrid cooling.
Consider use of recycled municipal water for cooling.
Consider use of desalinated brackish water for cooling.
Consider groundwater bank as a water supply.
Require appropriate water use efficiency BMP’s per the California Urban
Water Conservation Council, California Energy Commission, and those
adopted by IID.
3) Urban Water Use Efficiency-The California Water Plan addresses the importance
of reducing demand and improving water use efficiency as an important statewide
strategy. The State has set aggressive water conservation goals with an increased
emphasis on water conservation for areas like the Imperial Region. The Water
Conservation Act of 2009 (SB 7X) and the Governor’s 20 X 2020 Conservation Plan
(CDWR et al. 2010d) require a 20 percent water use reduction by urban users by
the year 2020. As required by statute, several cities within the IID service area
submitted to the California Department of Water Resources their 2010 Urban
Water Management Plant (the Cities of Brawley, Calexico, El Centro and Imperial).
The Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (IRWMP) goals and
objectives are consistent with these initiatives. In this vein, Imperial Valley Cities,
the County and IID have agreed to work together, and/or separately, to achieve
the following:
Ensure measureable savings when agricultural land is converted to urban
uses consistent with existing land use plans.
Ensure that water conservation Best Management Practices and
Demand Management Measures are implemented at the time of project
development and project approval.
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Streamline development review and permitting processes for land use
projects requiring SB 610 Water Supply Assessments and SB 221 Written
Verifications of Water Supply to better integrate water and land use
planning.
Implement the California 2010 Plumbing Code, effective January 2011,
as a standard for new development and for development or update of
local ordinances in Imperial IRWMP updates.
To compliment urban water use efficiency, the IID Board adopted the Interim
Water Supply Policy (IWSP) for Non-Agricultural Projects on September 29, 2009.
The IWSP ensures sufficient water will be available for new development, in
particular, anticipated renewable energy projects, until the IID Board selects and
implements capital development projects for improved water conservation.
In order to advance all of these water conservation programs, objectives and
measures, the Imperial Irrigation District has allocated the following resources within
the two sections in the Water Department implementing water conservation efforts:
Water Conservation On-Farm Financial Incentives
Incentive of $285/AF of Delivered Water Reduction
Water Conservation Program Personnel 2018 (47 Total FTE):
Ag Water Management Section (17 FTE)
Farm Unit Program Section (16 FTE)
Environmental Mitigation Section (14 FTE)
Water Conservation Program Department Vehicles 2018 (29 Vehicles):
Ag Water Management Section (11 Vehicles)
Farm Unit Program Section (8 Vehicles)
Environmental Mitigation Section (10 Vehicles)
b) Adequacy of Existing Water Conservation Programs
To enable IID to meet its water transfer obligations pursuant to the agreements, IID
and its agricultural water customers need to develop a total of 303,000 acre-feet of
water annually through an integrated program of on-farm and delivery system
conservation. The numerous conservation projects and programs that have been
implemented by the district have resulted in quantifiable water conservation. The
following is a brief summary of program results.
System Conservation Programs – IID has implemented numerous system
conservations programs under the 1988 IID/Metropolitan Water District of Southern
California (MWD) Water Conservation Agreement. Since implementation of the
IID/MWD Conservation Program the associated water savings has fluctuated
between 97,150 AFY to 113,000 AFY. In 2003, IID amended the agreement to align
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the agreement end date with the Quantification Settlement Agreement and a 2014
Letter of Agreement provides that effective January 2016, the total amount of
conserved water for transfer to MWD is fixed at 105,000 AFY. IID continues to
perform numerous system upgrades to meet the additional needs of the QSA Water
Transfers by making water efficiency improvements in its delivery system.
Components of the System Conservation Program include:
Discharge Reduction Program
o Communication upgrades
o Installation of automated lateral headings
o Design and installation of monitored discharge sites
o Laptop computers for Zanjeros
o SCADA integration and monitoring
Large operational reservoirs
Mid-Lateral off line operational reservoirs
Existing operational reservoir up grades
Main canal and lateral interties
Main canal seepage recovery program
In addition to the 1988 IID/MWD Water Conservation Agreement, IID system
efficiency conservation measures are expected to generate an additional 103,000 AFY
by 2026 to meet the QSA obligations. Monitoring results for System Conservation
have demonstrated increasing annual conservation yields. Table CW-1 identifies the
conservation yields that IID has conserved over the last five years under system
efficiency conservation projects/programs.
Table CW-1
System Conservation Program Historic Conservation Yields
System Conservation Program 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
AFY AFY AFY AFY AFY
Seepage Recovery 31,343 33,792 34,922 34,723 36,542
Interties * 1,430 3,491 8,626 5,952
Discharge Reduction * 0 0 6,524 10,224
1988 IID/MWD Conservation 113,780 113,430 116,290 117,830 116,480
TOTAL SYSTEM CONSERVATION 113,780 148,652 154,703 167,703 169,198
Source: IID Internal Water Accounting Records from WIS/Historical Verified Savings. *Program Not In Place
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Temporary Land Conversion Fallowing Program- The IID Board adopted a Temporary
Land Conversion Fallowing Policy (TLCFP) on May 8, 2012, and revised on March 29,
2016. Fallowing is the practice of temporarily taking active farmland out of
production. Water, which under normal circumstances would have gone to the land
to produce crops, is considered conserved under the fallowing program. Conserved
water from fallowing is transferred to the San Diego County Water Authority, used
for delivery to the Salton Sea (through 2017) to mitigate the environmental impacts
of these transfers, and for payback or storage purposes. The water transfer schedules
call for the district to generate 150,000 acre-feet annually through fallowing from
2013 through 2017 for these mitigation and transfer needs, after which IID’s required
fallowing would be completed.
The fallowing program was revised on March 29, 2016, to provide a framework for a
temporary, long-term fallowing program to work in concert with the IWSP and IID’s
coordinated land use/water supply strategy. IID concluded that certain lower water
use projects, such as renewable energy facilities (i.e. solar), could still provide benefits
to local water users, albeit temporary. Water demands for certain non-agricultural
projects are typically less than that required for agricultural production; this reduced
demand allows water to be made available for other users under IID’s annual
consumptive use cap. Table CW-2 identifies the solar fallowing conservation yields.
Table CW-2
TLCFP Historic Conservation Yields
Implementation Participating Acres Documented AF
Year Conservation Yield
2012 1,386 5,545
2013 6,859 31,372
2014 6,912 36,265
2015 7,104 37,320
2016 7,864 38,717
2017 10,146 48,040
2018 12,354 66,034
Source: Provisional Past Fallowing Conservation Reports at IID TLCFP. Volumes in table
reflect acre-feet at Imperial Dam
These water conservation yields allow the district to avail itself of the ability during
the term of the QSA/Transfer Agreements under to create conserved water through
projects such as temporary land fallowing conservation measures. This conserved
water can then be used to satisfy the district’s conserved water transfer obligation
and for environmental mitigation purposes.
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On-Farm Efficiency Conservation Program - One of the most successful programs is
the On-Farm Conservation Program which is designed for maximum implementation
flexibility. The On-Farm Conservation Program allows for broad farmer participation
on a variety of crops and growing seasons. Landowners and tenants voluntarily
propose conservation measures, delivery reduction volume, contract duration, and a
cropping plan for IID consideration. After review and consultation, IID accepts
proposals until conservation obligations are fulfilled. Water conservation is measured
relative to a ten-year historical baseline specific to each field and crop participating.
IID has an on-farm conservation target of 200,000 AFY. Monitoring results have
demonstrated increasing annual conservation yields as noted in Table CW-3.
Table CW-3
On-Farm Efficiency Conservation Program Historic Conservation Yields
Implementation Participating Documented
Year Acres Conservation Yield
2013 26,955 17,276 AF
2014 54,345 44,371 AF
2015 115,173 87,721 AF
2016 189,823 138,585 AF
2017 250,022 151,750 AF
2018 318,193 190,969 AF
NOTE: Participating Acres includes all acres enrolled in the program for the applicable year
the crop was harvested including acres without water savings.
IID maintains annual water accounting summaries. The Annual Implementation Report
under the Quantification Settlement Agreement provides water accounting for
conservation efficiency relative to the transfer obligations and system efficiency. Table
CW-4 provides a summary of the reported conservation volumes, demonstrating water
conservation adequacy for water transfers. The target was 377.2 KAF for 2018.
Table CW-4
Water Efficiency Programs Historic Conservation Yields
Purpose 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
AFY AFY AFY AFY AFY
1988 IID/MWD Transfer 104,100 107,820 105,000 105,000 105,000
SDCWA Transfer 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 130,000
CVWD Transfer 31,000 36,000 41,000 45,000 63,000
Inadvertent Overrun Payback 117,391 0 0 0 0
Intentionally Created Surplus 37,735 45,477 70,077 80,937 130,197
AAC Lining Project 67,700 67,700 67,700 67,700 67,700
TOTAL CONSERVATION 248,402 305,676 361,932 341,255 495,897
QSA Annual Reports 2014-2018; Excludes Fallowing Program for purpose of Salton Sea Mitigation.
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c) Future Demand for Water Conservation Facilities & Improvements
As the Imperial Valley grows, and as its economy diversifies, so do the functions and
role of IID’s Water Department. By implementing extraordinary conservation
projects, developing innovative efficiency measures and utilizing progressive
management tools, the Water Department is working to ensure both the long-term
viability of agriculture and the continued protection of water resources within its
water service area.
Water Conservation Targets - By 2026, IID will need to conserve 487,200 to satisfy
the water transfer agreements in place and is expected to continue at this target level
of water conservation for the remainder of the Service Area Plan planning period. The
planned water conservation targets for the Imperial Valley service area are noted in
Table CW-5 Water Conservation Targets.
Table CW-5
Total Water Conservation Targets
Year Quantified Conservation IID Net For
Amount AFY Targets AFY Consumptive Use AFY
2018 3,100,000 377,200 2,722,800
2020 3,100,000 450,200 2,649,800
2025 3,100,000 482,200 2,617,800
2030 3,100,000 487,200 2,612,800
2040 3,100,000 487,200 2,612,800
Source: CRWDA Exhibit B.
113F
As previously noted, IID has a system conservation target of 103,000 AFY. An
additional 105,000 AFY from the IID/MWD Water Conservation Program (MWD
investment into construction, operation and maintenance projects that conserve
water) and 67,600 AFY from All-American Canal Lining which has already been
completed and thus not included in future projects. The remaining reduction 11,500
AFY is not required to be from conservation and is for miscellaneous and Indian
present perfected rights. IID has several projects planned to help meet the water
conservation goals over a five year plan period.
Planned Water Conservation Projects (district-wide)
Operational Reservoirs (5 total)
Mid-lateral Operational Reservoir/Intertie Projects (2 total)
Lateral Intertie Projects (18 total)
New Seepage Recovery Sites
Nine (9) Deep Wells (South Side of All-American Canal)
East Mesa Groundwater Storage
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Large Operational Reservoir Projects-The planned large operational reservoirs are all
on IID’s main canal system. These projects are expected to result in district-wide
water conservation. Table CW-6 identifies the planned reservoir expected to be
completed within a five-year time frame and the estimated conservation yield
annually.
Table CW-6
Planned Operational Main Canal
Reservoirs & Estimated Conservation Yields
Operational Reservoir Timeframe Reservoir Estimated
Maximum AF Conservation
Capacity Yield (AFY)
Central Main Reservoir Near-term 500 3,000
East Highline & AAC Near-term 2,900 16,000
East Highline North Near-term 250 1,500
Trifolium 10 Near-term 150 1,500
West Side Main Near-term 500 3,000
TOTAL 4,300 AF 25,000 AFY
NOTE: Near-term is under five years; Mid-term is 5-10 years, and; Long term is over 10 years
Mid Lateral Reservoirs & Intertie Projects -IID has two planned mid-lateral reservoir
projects that incorporate an intertie component (the East Highline and the E Lateral).
An intertie is a connection between two existing canals/laterals to prevent one of
them from continuing into an operational discharge, or drain system. Interties may
be lined canals or pipelines.
Lateral Intertie
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Planned inter-tie projects are constructed as piped connections to facilitate metering
and monitoring of conserved water. Although there are over forty intertie
opportunities, only the near-term projects with a completion date of under five years
are listed in Table CW-7. The table identifies the planned mid-lateral reservoirs
and/or intertie projects and the estimated conservation yield annually.
Table CW-7
Planned Operational Mid-Lateral Reservoir & Intertie Project
Conservation Yields
Mid-Lateral Reservoir Intertie Reservoir Estimated
Lateral Maximum AF Conservation
Capacity Yield (AFY)
East Highline Lateral 1 NA 45 1,190
E Lateral NA 48 1,130
Rose Lateral To Rockwood Canal 250 14,000
Trifolium Bail System TBD 4,010
Pampas To Rositas Canal None 730
Pear Lateral 1 To Rositas Canal None 410
East Highline Lateral 7 To Pair Main Canal None 420
East Highline Lateral 8 To Pair Main Canal None 400
TOTAL 343 22,290 AFY
Source: IID Water Department, System Conservation
Seepage Recovery Projects - In some cases where the main canal is not lined and soils
are permeable, seepage may occur. Through a process of seepage recovery, a vertical
pump recovers the water and injects it back in to the main canal. IID targeted a total
of 26 sites for main canal seepage recovery.
Seepage Recovery
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Main canal seepage contributes a large portion of the estimated 86,000 AFY of total
canal seepage from the IID delivery system. Main canal seepage recovery was the first
efficiency conservation program IID undertook to meet its QSA/Transfer Agreements
water transfer obligations, with delivery of 4,000 AF to Coachella Valley Water District
in 2008. By 2014, 24 seepage recovery sites were operational, producing 32,231 AF
of conservation efficiency savings. IID is planning for six (6) additional projects with
an estimated conservation yield of close to 5,000 AFY.
IID has identified additional areas of seepage recovery opportunities that are
emanating from some earthen sections of the All-American Canal. The project
development started with IID drilling and installing 2 multiple nested monitoring
wells, and the information gathered from these installations were the basis for the
overall project design and the ensuing seepage model that was developed for the
region. Overall, the quality and amount of data that was provided indicated that there
was potential for up to an additional 35,000 acre-feet of additional seepage in the
project area that could possibly be conserved. Additional investigation will clarify
more fully the conservation estimate from the project as a whole.
East Mesa Groundwater Storage-As previously noted, water storage improves
efficiency and facilitates conservation. In 1975, the California Department of Water
Resources Bulletin 118 reported that the 1,870 square-mile Imperial Valley
groundwater basin (number 7-30 shown in Figure 8). The basin consists of younger
and older alluvium with a groundwater storage capacity of 14 MAF. IID monitors and
assesses feasibility investigations continuously.
d) Opportunities for Joint Water Conservation Programs/Services
The Imperial Irrigation District is an integral stakeholder and lead in the Water Forum
that developed the Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan, and is an
active member of the Regional Water Management Group charged with
implementing the plan. The Imperial IRWMP is an important mechanism in defining
regional opportunities for water conservation efforts, which are of benefit to multiple
cities and agencies.
The Imperial Irrigation District is also a Resource Conservation District, which was
formed in 1947 within the same legal district boundaries. Under the October 1988
memorandum of understanding between IID, the State of California (acting as a
Resource Conservation District) and the Imperial County Agricultural Stabilization
Conservation Committee (authorized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture). The
district and the committee have the common objectives of helping to bring about
conservation, development and the wise use of natural resources.
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Figure- 8
CDWR Colorado Hydrologic Region Groundwater Basins
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e) Phasing of Water Conservation Projects/Programs
All of the district’s conservation projects are included in the Capital Improvement Plan
which spans over a five-year period.
3. Energy Conservation Program Planning and Adequacy Analysis
Energy Department Conservation Program
The 2003 SB 1037 requires public and private gas and electric utilities to first acquire all
available energy efficiency and demand reduction resources that are cost effective,
reliable and feasible before conventional generation, or other resources. IID offers a
variety of energy conservation and design side management (DSM) programs intended,
in part, to alleviate electric generation requirements and avoid expensive peak purchases
of power on the market. Energy conservation programs are designed to reduce the total
amount of energy used while DSM programs are designed to shift energy use from high
cost periods to low cost periods and reduce the cost of supplying customers.
Most programs within IID’s portfolio are conservation programs with the goal of reducing
the customer’s consumption and cost of energy. However, future programs may be
designed to shift customer on-peak use to off-peak hours. Energy conservation efforts are
managed and delivered through IID’s energy Department. The Energy Department is
comprised of eight sections, however, none of them are exclusive to energy efficiency
and/or conservation. The following sections actively support energy efficiency,
conservation and greenhouse gas emission reductions.
Energy Optimization Section is responsible, amongst other responsibilities,
for developing creative pricing structures, in a competitive manner, while
providing a forum where IID’s customers participate in environmental
stewardship by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Energy Business, Regulatory & Transactions Section is responsible for the
development of strategic business relationships to promote growth, change
and support renewable energy development and protect the balancing
authority by leveraging existing assets. This section designs and implements
programs to encourage customer conservation as a cost effective alternative.
a) Inventory of Existing Energy Conservation Programs & Resources
Conservation programs are designed to reduce the total amount of energy used while
design side management programs are designed to shift energy use from high cost
periods to low cost periods and reduce the cost of supplying customers. A brief
overview of the existing programs and services is described under each focus area
follows.
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1) Energy Efficiency Programs- Improving energy use efficiency has been an
important goal for the Imperial Irrigation District and in line with Statewide
objectives. IID has worked aggressively to implement system-wide energy
conservation measures to meet the needs of all client categories. The following is
a list of some of the energy efficiency programs currently in place under the
district’s overall energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Programs:
Residential Programs
Residential Energy Audits- This program allows residential customers to
quantify energy consumption and to determine measures that can be
applied to make the customer’s home more energy efficient.
Energy Rewards Rebate Programs- This program offers residential
prescriptive rebates for qualified energy efficient measures such as air
conditioners, ENERGY STAR® refrigerators, windows, attic insulation and
pool pumps. New to the 2016 program is the ENERGY STAR® clothes
washer incentive.
Refrigerator Recycling- IID offers a $50 incentive and free refrigerator
pickup with proper recycling services to our customers. This program
targets older, less efficient units and those kept in basements or garages.
Quality AC Tune Up- This program provides maintenance services
designed to improve the operating efficiency of existing central air
conditioners or heat pumps. The most recent program design included the
addition of an efficient fan controller measure.
Commercial Programs
Customer Energy solutions Program (CESP)- CESP offers financial
incentives to commercial customers intended to offset the cost to
purchase and install qualifying energy efficiency measures. The measures
must retrofit, replace, or upgrade, old equipment with new, energy-
efficient technologies that exceed the applicable Title 24 energy efficiency
requirements.
New Construction energy Efficiency Program (NCEEP)- NCEEP is a non‐
residential new construction and renovation energy efficiency program
that combines an integrated design process with financial incentives for
energy-saving design at least 10 percent above the current Title 24
requirements.
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Commercial Energy Audits- This program allows commercial customers to
meet with an energy specialist to evaluate their business’ current energy
use and identify ways in which to reduce their consumption, making their
facility more energy efficient.
Energy Rewards Rebate Program- IID offers nonresidential customers
prescriptive rebates for qualified energy-efficient measures. Measures
must retrofit, replace, or upgrade, old equipment with new, energy-
efficient technologies that meet and exceed the Title 24 standards.
Qualifying product categories include programmable thermostats, HVAC
equipment and motors.
Large Commercial Rate Programs
Key Customer Demand Response Program (Interruptible Loan Program)-
This program has a target participation of 25MW within three years.
Program guidelines require enrolled large commercial and individual
customers with on-site back up generation to curtail a minimum of 500kW
upon timed notice by IID. Failure to curtail contracted reductions will
result in a financial penalty. This generation can be used to reduce load
during times of system stress either due to transmission, or generation
curtailments, or if load exceeds forecasted demand.
High voltage Rate Discount Program- Under this program, customers
take electric services at 34.5 kilovolts, or above at a single point of
interconnection. The customer maintains all necessary step-down
transformation and facilities beyond the transformer, which IID would
normally own. In return, IID will provide a discount on the maximum
demand energy charge and energy cost adjustment charge. The reduced
electric rate offsets some of the customer’s costs for the facilities,
maintenance and necessary substation equipment.
2) Renewable Energy Program - The renewable energy industry represents a
significant economic development opportunity within the IID service area. The
bulk availability of renewable energy generation comes from intermittent
resources such as solar and wind-based generation. Since IID’s service territory has
sufficient supply of available land, transmission, and sunshine, solar-based
generation facilities are expected to increase over the next 10-20 years. Figure 9
is a breakdown of IID’s current renewable resources:
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Breakdown of Eligible Renewable Resources
(2017)
Biomass
37% 35%
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
11% 17%
Figure 9-Renewable Energy Resources 2017 Breakdown (2018 Integrated Resource Plan).
To help customers fully benefit from investments in various renewable options,
IID offers the following retail renewable programs for customers interested in
meeting all, or a portion, of their load with a renewable resource:
Green Energy Rate Program- The Green Energy Rate Program will allow
customers to designate how much renewable energy they wish to be
served with. Any customers (with exception of those who have installed
on-site renewable systems, or wholesale power customers receiving
standby service) who elect participation in the new Green Energy Rate
Program, can choose to be served with an even greater percentage of
renewables, up to 100 percent. The program will have a full year of
operation by end of 2019. It is estimated that the program will increase
customers’ per kilowatt-hour rate by $0.013 to $0.02. The monthly rate
will fluctuate based on IID’s cost to procure renewable resources.
Net Energy Metering Program- Net Energy Metering (NEM) is a program
that was designed to benefit IID customers who generate their own
electricity using solar, wind, biogas, fuel cell, or a hybrid of these
technologies. The program included generating facilities up to 1MW and
was offered on a first-come, first-served basis. IID’s NEM program capacity
is 50.2MW, five percent of IID’s peak demand.
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Net Billing Program- The Net Billing Program, successor to the Net
Metering Program, extended the Net Metering Program by an estimated
9.6MW to allow for additional customer participation. The program paves
the way for new solar development while at the same time reducing cross-
customer subsidization between those with and without solar.
Feed-In Tariff Program- The tariff provides a simple mechanism for small
renewable generators (less than 3MW) to sell power to the utility at
predefined terms and conditions, without engaging in contract
negotiations. The Program cap is estimated at approximately 13 MW;
Generating Facilities participating in the Feed-in Tariff program may not
offset load at the site/facility nor are they eligible for any other IID for
renewable technologies program (i.e., net metering rate, virtual net
metering rate, etc.).
3) Emission Reduction Program-The proposed Cap-and-Trade Program establishes
a declining annual aggregate emissions limit for regulated sources and provides
rules for the sale of emission allowances. The Program then allows utilities,
manufacturers and other emitters to “trade” pollution permits, or allowances,
among themselves. IID’s amount of allowed emissions is not decreasing. This is
mainly due to the methodology that was used by the state and Southern
California Public Power Authority (SCPPA) members. The SCPPA is a joint action
agency comprised of the cities of Los Angeles, Glendale, Burbank, Cerritos,
Vernon, Pasadena, Anaheim, Riverside, Azusa, Banning and Colton and the IID
(the only non-municipal member of SCPPA). The distribution of allowances
factors in growth and utility resource portfolio trends. Therefore, IID’s allowances
are fairly flat and this is mainly due to IID’s higher than normal forecasted load
growth rate and the associated resources that are in place to supply the energy
for that growth. The following are some emission reduction programs in place:
E-Green Program- The IID initiated a process to bring inexpensive utility scale
solar to its low-income residents and the ability to “go-green” to individual
households. The eGreen Program was customized to bring solar energy to low-
income families while benefiting from IID’s ability to acquire attractive energy
pricing. eGreen allows IID’s customers to reap the benefits of clean, renewable
solar power without the need for on-site installation. The eGreen Program will
allow all IID customers to benefit from solar without concern of property
ownership, structural integrity, or financial ability. It enhances the ability for
all IID customers to benefit from solar. IID entered into a 23-year power
purchase agreement with Citizens Energy Corporation for 30 Megawatt’s of
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solar energy to serve approximately 15,000 low-income electric customers
with a beginning cost of $29.75 per MWhr and a start date of June 2019.
Citizens Solar is contributing approximately 10 additional MWhrs to IID under
a Low Income solar Contribution Agreement, bringing the blended cost of the
30MW to approximately $20 per MWhr.
b) Adequacy of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction Programs
Energy Conservation Program Adequacy- Through the IID’s energy efficiency efforts,
from 2009 through 2017, the district has reported saving over 165,996 megawatt
hours saved. Since 2007 and 2014, the IID reported energy savings in excess of 78,000
MWh and a reduction in peak demand of over 23,000 MWh. From 2015 through 2017,
conservation programs implemented by the IID saved participating customers
approximately 52,562.43 MWh in energy savings and 17.74 in peak MW savings. The
most successful programs, in terms of energy saved, has been the Custom Energy
Solutions Program (CESP). Overall reported savings were a result of various measures
within the residential and commercial sectors.
Renewable Energy Program- IID is mandated to achieve California’s RPS target of 33
percent of delivered energy coming from renewable resources by 2020 and 2030 and
beyond as required under SB350. This is equivalent to 50-75 MW of baseload energy
and around 100-150MW of solar generation, or some other intermittent resource such
as wind. As of 2018, 35 percent of IID’s overall energy generation delivered to
customers comes from renewable energy sources. IID has met its Feed-in Tariff
program requirements.
Emission Reduction program Adequacy-The primary reason that IID may have
exceeded annual GHG emission standards is its ownership in San Juan Generating
Station, Unit 4 (SJGS). This is a coal-fired plant in New Mexico that has relatively high
GHG per MWh of generation, approximately 2,400 lbs. per 1MWh compared to the
legislated standard of 1,100 lbs./MWh. IID exited the San Juan project at the end of
2017. The 106 MW baseload capacity from San Juan has been fully replaced with
renewable generation.
c) Future Demand for Energy Conservation Facilities & Improvements
Energy Conservation Targets - By 2027, IID expects to reach new energy efficiency
targets of 22,435 MWh. The planned energy efficiency targets for the nine years area
are noted in Table CE-1 Energy Savings Targets.
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Table CE-1
IID Board Adopted Energy Savings Targets
MWh MWh New EE
(Market Potential (Codes & Targets (MWh)
Year
Programs) Standards)
2018 15674 17801 33475
2019 16075 17685 33760
2020 17209 16743 33952
2021 18051 14181 32232
2022 18225 12669 30894
2023 17917 10751 28668
2024 17432 10253 27685
2025 16930 9778 26708
2026 15703 9324 25027
2027 15658 6777 22435
Source: 2018 Draft Energy Integrated Resource Plan.
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IID has been exploring the currently existing water transmission system infrastructure
to develop small hydroelectric facilities. Across the hundreds of miles of canal systems
that IID owns and operates, a preliminary analysis has determined that there are
about 12-14 sites worth of further hydroelectric facility development exploration and
analysis. The third party preliminary analysis reveals that a total of up to 30MW is
possible when aggregating all 14 sites. IID is exploring the potential for self-
development on these projects since the analysis shows a lower cost when IID
manages the development of these projects. These projects contain much of the
already needed infrastructure and would provide state qualifying eligible renewable
resource production, at a minimal cost in comparison to other renewable
technologies, if the IID moves forward on all, or any combination of these projects.
IID has approved a number of energy efficiency projects to be implemented during
the planning period.
Planned Energy Conservation Projects
Citizens Energy E-Green 30 MW Solar Generation Facility
Salton Sea Restoration and Renewable Energy Initiative
Strategic Renewable Energy Transmission Expansion Plan
Path 42 Transmission Project
Geothermal Resource Assessment
West side Main Check No. 8 Hydroelectric Plant Feasibility
Foxglove Hydroelectric Plant Feasibility
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d) Opportunities for Joint Energy Conservation Programs/Services
IID has previously proposed a multiregional strategic transmission expansion
alternative to the California Independent System Operator and WestConnect. The
Alternative, as proposed, would expand the export of renewable energy to the state
and the Southwest region while ensuring that the district maintains its balancing
authority, meets federal and state regulations and replaces generation lost by the
retirement of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station. The plan proposes the
construction of a 2,200 megawatt 230 kV collector system in the IID service territory.
IID proposes to finance, construct and upgrade its internal transmission network,
creating an internal collector system that would facilitate the export of 1,100
megawatts to the CAISO and simultaneously another 1,100 megawatts to the
WestConnect. As the need for additional renewable energy generation occurs, IID
would be able to add a 500 kV collector system to the 230 kV system, upgrade the
Path 42 line from 230 kV to 500 kV and add a second circuit on the DC line towers.
These future upgrades would increase export from 2,200 megawatts to 4,100
megawatts.
IID’s Path 42 Transmission Line Rebuild Project will rebuild two existing 20.6 mile
transmission lines in the Coachella Valley. The rebuild of the Coachella Valley-Ramon
transmission line, in conjunction with neighboring Southern California Edison’s
upgrade of its portion of Path 42, will address the “most restrictive” element in
transmission in renewable energy-rich Southern California. By upgrading from single
to double conductor per phase, the increased transmission capacity will reduce
congestion and enable the efficient flow of green energy to and from IID’s service
area.
The Salton Sea Restoration and Renewable Energy Initiative will produce renewable
energy while doubling as groundcover to mitigate air emissions. The Initiative will first
focus on developing up to 1,700 megawatts of new geothermal energy at the Sea –
enough to power more than one million homes. Geothermal energy can be produced
with minimal impact on landscape and habitat. It also provides a steady, reliable
source of energy to the state electricity grid that is not subject to weather, or seasonal
fluctuations.
e) Phasing of Energy Conservation Projects/Programs
Short Term Improvements (Under 5 Years)
West Side Main Check No. 8 Low-Head Hydroelectric Plant
Path 42 Transmission project
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Mid-Term 5-10 Year Improvements
Invest in Electric Vehicles
Geothermal Resource Assessment
Citizens Energy e-Green Project Feasibility
Foxglove Low-Head Hydroelectric Plant Feasibility
Long Term 10-15 Year Improvements
Salton Sea Restoration and Renewable Energy Initiative
4. Mitigation for All Conservation Efforts
The Imperial Irrigation District should continue to pursue various means by which to
maximize conservation benefits while maintaining adequate water and energy services
to the IID Service Area as a priority. The following mitigation measures are recommended
for both Water Conservation (CW) and Energy Conservation (CE):
CW-1 Continue to implement key elements of the Definite Plan and System
Conservation Plan actions planned as part of the Quantification
Settlement Agreement/Transfer Agreements.
CW-2 Explore financing mechanisms to construct the “not built”
Quantification Settlement Agreement projects as a near-to-mid-term
solution to provide up to 8,000 AFY for future non-agricultural uses.
CW-3 Review development of an in-valley, voluntary fallowing program
that expands on, or modifies the Fallowing Program that ended in
2017.
CW-4 IID should continue to provide support to municipal purveyors
responsible for developing their urban water conservation programs
and coordinating regional efforts when resources are provided for
this purpose.
CE-5 Explore seasonally based resources, especially renewable resources
as much as possible.
CE-6 Continue to implement conservation and demand-side energy
management activities.
CE-7 IID should further investigate the option of self-managing a “build
and own” structure for a solar plant and other generation facility
technologies on IID-owned land as opposed to paying a developer to
manage the project development.
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CE-8 Continue to implement IID’s hedging program to mitigate risks
anticipated from expected natural rise of energy and gas costs as well
as emissions and renewable costs.
CE-9 Develop a program for emissions trading and renewable energy
products under the Risk Management Policy to empower IID to
further ensure budgetary certainty and stabilize consumer rates.
CE-10 Continue to enter into power supply agreements from geothermal
generation and solar generation to meet Renewable Portfolio
Standards and Green House Gas emission goals.
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E. ADMINISTRATION SERVICE AND SUPPORT FACILITIES
As previously noted, the Imperial Irrigation District has two primary departments, the Water
Department and the Energy Department. IID operates five additional support service
departments: Executive, General Services, Information Technology, Finance and Human
Resources. IID administrative facilities include all office buildings that house administrative
staff and provide general administrative and support services for the efficient delivery of
water services and energy services to its client base. Examples of administrative services
include management staff, clerk services, promotions of special events, management and
direction of planning and development services, utility billing and collection, procurement
and contract administration and other administrative functions of the district described under
these five support departments as summarized below along with their corresponding
business sections:
Executive Department-The Executive Department supports internal and external public
relations and contains nine executive sections, each with numerous administrative
responsibilities as noted below:
Board of Directors Section performs major district functions such as defining IID goals
and objectives, acting as the custodian of IID property and resources, establishing IID
policies, reviewing all IID operations and employing IID executive management.
Internal Audit Section is in charge of the district’s audit and at times the investigation
functions. The audit schedule is prepared by the Chief Internal Auditor during the
fourth quarter for the following year. Audits can also be requested at any time by the
Board of Directors.
General Manager’s Section operates under the direction of the Board of Directors.
This section develops and implements overall goals, objectives, plans, policies and
organization of the Imperial Irrigation District.
General Counsel’s Office Section serves as the General legal Counsel for the district
and directs and controls all legal functions, claims and litigation activities, and
activities of retained outside counsel.
Governmental Affairs & Communications Section works under the guidance of the
general manager’s office to ensure the district’s policy priorities and programs are
communicated to its customers and key stakeholders and local, state and federal
elected officials as well as membership associations.
Reliability Compliance Section is responsible for monitoring North American Electric
Reliability Corporation (NERC) and Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC)
reporting requirements as they relate to the district.
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Portfolio Project Management Section is responsible for assisting with the
management and oversight of all major capital projects, assisting departments with
strategic planning development and initiatives in order to meet schedules, costs, and
quality of deliverables. The section assists with major Work Authorizations (MWA’s),
Customer Service Projects, Open Access Transmission Tariff and system reliability
compliance coordination.
Enterprise Risk Management Section is responsible for the administration of a
comprehensive risk management program, including risk identification and
evaluation and the design and implementation of appropriate risk mitigation
strategies. This section has risk oversight for projects, operations, the merchant
function, insurance, and new initiatives. It also provides redundancy for the treasury
function.
Real Estate Section is responsible for the administration of all district real estate
activity. Functions consist of the acquisition, disposition, and maintenance of
sustainable activities of district lands and facilities, including Western Farm Lands.
Services include right-of-way and easements, building leases and agreements,
encroachments and permissions, quitclaims and deeds and Salton Sea issues. This
Section is also responsible for ownership records as well as maintaining records of the
district boundary and service area.
General Services Department-The General Services Department provides numerous support
services, primarily to internal staff, and contains nine sections, each with responsibilities as
noted below.
GS Administration Section provides overall support and management of the activities
of General Services’ Department; Facilities Management, Fleet Services, General
Services Asset Management, and Supply Chain Management: Purchasing, Contracts
and Materials and Stores. General Services provides management and maintenance
of district physical and rolling assets, and is responsible in accordance with policy for
the central procurement of goods and services in addition to the storage and
distribution of materials which support all IID operations.
Fleet Services Section consists of four support units: Machine/Welding Shop, Heavy
Equipment Shop, Auto Shop, and Service Station. They provide the services that
support the company’s transportation needs for the rolling stock of fleet vehicles, off-
road heavy equipment, sump pumps, generators, compressors, portable pumps,
utility and equipment trailers and tools.
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Facilities Management Section is responsible for the administration, engineering,
planning, maintenance, construction and repair of over 700,000 SF of gross building
space which includes offices, shops, warehouses, service stations and other use
buildings throughout the district. The section is responsible for all levels of logistics
including HVAC, plumbing, construction, fire protection system, doors, keys, locks and
network cat 5 installations. This Section is also responsible for janitorial and landscape
services throughout district facilities.
Purchasing Section procures the district’s materials and outside service needs
directed by the Purchasing Policy. This Section processes requisitions and reservation
needs for Imperial and La Quinta network projects, maintenance orders and overhead
expense cost centers. They create, standardize, disseminate and administer formal
bids, requests for quotations/proposals, and informal quotes consistent with
established solicitation process, purchasing policy and IID procedures and applicable
laws.
Contract Administration Section provides services to departmental personnel in
drafting, negotiating, and administering resource contract needs, professional service
agreements, and construction contracts. They assist departments in assembling and
evaluating formal solicitation packages, performing project risk assessment and
ensuring all requirements are met in accordance with IID policies and procedures.
Asset Management Section is responsible for managing the General Services Asset
Management Program, primarily for Facilities Management and Fleet Services
section. This section provides strategic direction, reporting on program initiatives and
manages the department’s capital projects, facilities and equipment by promoting
proactive maintenance and capital renewal.
Materials Resources and Dispersal Section is responsible for the receipt, issuance
and storage of all materials purchased by the district. Material Resources staff are
responsible for “first responder” hazmat responses, and dispose of all obsolete, scrap
and other materials that are deemed to be of no further use to the district.
Regulatory and Environmental Compliance Section provides regulatory compliance
development, implementation and monitoring services that meets the expected
goals of complying with mandated regulatory agency requirements. This Section
provides environmental assessment and permitting for all district projects and
reviews external environmental documents for potential impacts to the district and
consults with outside agencies on behalf of the district.
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Hazmat Section provides regulatory compliance services for all district departments.
These services include regulatory assessments, oversight and auditing for all district
facilities and projects, consultation with regulatory and resource agencies, hazardous
materials and waste identification, including handling, storage and disposal,
emergency response and regulatory training.
Information Technology Department-The Information Technology Department contains
twelve sections, all in support of IID operations and each with responsibilities as noted below.
IT Management Administration Section is responsible for the management of the
department’s resources and to provide strategic direction, report on department
initiatives and manage the district’s Information Technology Systems.
Networks and PC Support Section provides IID technology users support services for
desktop PCs, laptops, tables, IP telephones, multifunction printers, smartphones and
projectors along with network connection and protection services. The information
specialist provide design, configuration, administration, maintenance and support of
Local Area networks (LAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), Wireless Local Area
Networks (WLAN) and other system networks support.
GIS Section is responsible for developing and adhering to consistent business
practices and processes throughout the organization to meet customers’ needs by
providing a robust and high quality geographic information system that empowers
users to efficiently access, manage, maintain and share accurate reliable and
consistent geographic data.
Customer Support Center Section is responsible for providing a single point of
contact for the organizations information technology needs.
Customer Applications Section provides management support, standards, methods,
coordination and software engineering development to specifically support all
customer Applications operations. This section diagnoses, fixes, maintains, designs,
installs, tests, and develops computer applications, documents management and
thirds party computer applications, which support over 20,000 different database
tables of information.
Development & Portals Support Section provides management support, standards,
methods, and coordination of application development to help improve, or automate
business processes. This sections works to enhance applications and design
application improvements and also diagnoses, fixes, maintains, designs, installs, tests,
and develops computer applications.
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Corporate Infrastructure Engineering Section is responsible for the engineering
design, strategic alignment, lifecycle management, security and administration of all
server-based computing and network systems. This Section is also responsible for the
management of the data center and for the delivery of technical support to IID
technology users and to certain contracted partners utilizing IID’s technology
infrastructure. They also provide technical, network engineering and systems
engineering support to the Energy Systems Operations Center and associated
facilities.
Work and Asset Management Applications Section provides management support,
standards, methods and coordination to support related applications for work and
asset management. This section also diagnoses, fixes, maintains, designs, installs,
tests, and develops computer applications.
Enterprise Applications Section manages the definition, design, configuration,
development, testing, implementation and on-going support of new, or improved,
existing enterprise applications and systems. It provides functional solutions,
recommendations, training and change management to support the design and
implementation of application and/or process improvements to enhance
productivity.
Finance & Applications Section provides management support, business analysis,
operational assessments, process documentation, technological and functional
solutions recommendations, training and change management to support the design
and implementation of applications and/or process improvements to enhance
productivity.
Telecommunications Section provides SCADA and data communications for
substations, generation facilities and interconnections; provides communication
networks for system protection circuits; installs and maintains generation and
interconnect meters; upgrades and maintains the two-way radio system, telephone,
video surveillance and substation security systems.
Records Management Section is responsible for the administration of company-wide
records management activities, mail services and electronic document management
services and provides efficient services to internal and external customers.
Finance Department- The Finance Department contains six sections, providing services for IID
operations as well as internal and external customers. The responsibilities of each section are
noted as follows:
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Chief Financial Office Administration Section is responsible for the administration of
the Finance Department including controlling, accounting, treasury, financing,
budgeting and enterprise risk management.
Business Systems & Support Section provides business analysis, operational
assessments, process documentation, technological and functional solutions
recommendations, training and change management to support the design and
implementation of applications and for process improvements to enhance
productivity to the Finance Department.
Treasury Section is responsible for IID’s cash management and investment and
objectives include investing IID’s cash safely and in conformance with IID’s investment
policy and Government code through monitoring, managing, projecting and reporting
the district’s operating cash requirements to ensure the district’s liquidity needs are
met.
General Accounting Section is responsible for IID’s general accounting, payroll,
accounts payable and objectives include creating, maintaining, balancing and
reporting the district’s general ledger and financial statements, disbursing accounts
payable and payroll funds accurately and in a timely manner.
Enterprise Budget, Financial Performance & Rates Section is responsible for
budgeting, financial and economic analysis, controlling and process analysis and rates
and contracts functions. All study findings and recommendations are made to the
Board of Directors and public.
Customer Service Section is responsible for the meter to cash processes, including
bill print, mail, call center, credit and collections. This section also handles court
subpoenas, liens, bankruptcies, bad debt, works with agencies for customer funding
and monitors/contacts delinquent commercial accounts for payment or disconnect.
Human Resources Department- The Human Resources Department contains nine sections,
primarily with internal support services. The Human Resource responsibilities are noted
below for each section.
HR Administration Section manages functions, activities and personnel engaged in
employment and compensation, training and employee development, employee
benefits and workers’ compensation, human resource records and employee
relations, conducts human resources research studies and directs the maintenance
of personnel files.
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Employee Relations Section is responsible to provide professional human resources
services to both internal and external customers. In addition to employment relations
and training they are responsible for compensation management, Affirmative Action
and labor compliance with state and federal regulations. The section is responsible
for payroll records, statistical reporting, mandated reports and surveys and
responding to discrimination complaints and assisting legal with litigation and
responding to unemployment insurance claims.
Recruitment and Selection Section is responsible for the administration of all
recruitment and selection activities including screening applications, reviewing
personnel files, administering tests, interviews, reference checks and detailed
background checks to all initial hires.
Employee Benefits and Disability Services Section is responsible for the
administration of all district health, retirement and benefit plans along with the
Integrated Disability Management Program. The staff works with plan administrators,
carriers, consultants, advisory groups, management, the Board of Directors,
employees, supervisors, retirees, dependents, legal counsel and others to provide
information and services.
Personnel Development Section administers and coordinates all personnel
development functions for the district. The section is responsible for tuition
reimbursement, software instruction, apprentice programs, academic and career
counseling and planning and similar services.
Safety Services Section is responsible for workplace safety, minimizing district liability
as it relates to accidents, illnesses and injuries and reducing accidents and injuries.
This section assists and trains supervisor in performance of their safety related duties
and coordinates Safety committee activities and over 100 mandated programs and
over 100 certifications.
Risk Management/Security, Claims and Investigations Section ensures the district
meets physical security portions of the applicable policies and regulations, it
investigates all incidents involving property damage, theft, vandalism, or any other
activity requiring investigations, and oversees and maintains drug and alcohol testing
programs. It also emphasizes the Revenue Protection program on meter
tampering/energy theft.
Occupational Health Nurse Section provides health services to employees who are
injured, or become ill on the job, works to minimize the district’s liability as it relates
to accidents, illness and injuries and assists in developing and administering wellness
programs, including employee physicals.
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Office of Emergency Planning Section provides emergency and disaster
preparedness services for all district departments. This section is also responsible for
the Underwater Recovery Dive Team responsible for maintenance of water
conveyance systems/structures, removal/recovery of foreign objects within the
system and assistance to support law enforcement agencies and first responders.
1. Performance Standards for Administration Services & Facilities
Administrative Personnel-Most public agencies/jurisdictions adopt administration
service standards based on personnel (full-time employee or FTE) per population served.
The performance standard for providing administrative personnel is generally established
at a range of 0.50 to .75 FTE per 1,000 in population served. IID’s performance standard
for administrative personnel is hereby established at a minimum of .75 FTE per 1,000
residents served since the district has not previously adopted a standard for
administrative staff. Based on the current population of 429,744, a total of 322 FTE are
required in order for IID to meet this performance standard, calculated as follows:
.75 FTE x Population Served /1,000 = Total FTE Demand
.75 FTE x 429,744/1,000 = 322 FTE
Administrative Facility Space-Generally, a performance standard for administrative
facilities ranges from 500-600 square feet per 1,000 in population served. No official
standard has been previously adopted by IID which has a large service area that covers two
counties. Management has determined that the current facility space is adequate to serve
the existing populations and therefore, the performance standard for administrative
facilities for IID is hereby established at 450 square feet of building space per every 1,000
of population served. Based on this standard, the current demand for administrative
facilities would be 193,385 SF as calculated below.
450 SF x Population Served/1,000 = Total Admin Space Demand
450 SF x 429,744/1,000 = 193,385 SF
The building area available per full-time employee must also be adequate. The general
rule of thumb is to allow anywhere between 125 and 225 square feet of usable office
space per person. IID completed an assessment of space requirements in July of 201213
which recommends a range of space between 120 and 360 square feet of usable office
space per employee that varies by position and/or title.
13 Final Report of Space Requirements HQ Facilities Development Program Management Project by Griffin-Lyon
Program and Construction Managers, LLC., July 18, 2012.
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The Standard for IID administrative staff is hereby established at 125 SF of usable office
space per administrative/support FTE which includes all of staff within the Executive,
Human Resources, Information Technology, Finance and General Services Departments.
This performance ratio will be applied when examining each of the departments
independently, but not to the section levels.
125 SF x Admin FTE = Building Space Demand/Department
2. Administration/Support Facility Planning and Adequacy Analysis
An inventory of the existing IID Administrative and Support Facilities owned, or leased,
by the Imperial Irrigation District is presented herein, as well as the future demand for
administrative facilities and their projected phasing schedule. The purpose of this
analysis is to determine if the existing facilities are adequate in size for the existing and
projected future demand. The condition of the existing facilities is not examined in this
Service Area Plan as that detail of assessment can be found under the 2004 IID Facilities
Master Plan.
a) Inventory of Existing Administrative/Support Facilities
IID Administrative and Support Facilities are located in numerous communities
throughout Imperial and Riverside Counties. The administrative facilities in 2018
consisted of a total of 189,912 square feet as noted in Table A-1 and support a total
of 463 full-time equivalent employees as of 2018. There are additional common areas
that are shared with the Water and/or Energy Departments and those are excluded
from assessment.
Table A-1
Administration and Support Facilities Inventory
Department Total Space Total Usable
Square Feet Office Space
Executive 13,484 11,167
General Services 19,575 19,098
Information Technology 25,264 24,469
Finance 16,195 15,398
Human Resources 17,164 15,421
Total SF 91,682 85,553
Exclusive Admin Common Areas 98,230 0
Total Administration SF 189,912 85,553
Source: IID General Services staff, Building Inventory 2017 and Dedicated Office Space 2018.
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Total Administrative Personnel per 2018 Budget by Department (463 FTE)
Executive Department Personnel 2018 (48 Total Positions):
Board of Directors (5 positions)
Internal Audit Section (4 FTE)
General Manager’s Section (5 FTE)
General Counsel’s Office Section (7 FTE)
Government Affairs & Communication Section (10 FTE)
Reliability Compliance Section (4 FTE)
Project Portfolio Management Section (2 FTE)
Enterprise Risk Management (1 FTE)
Real Estate Section (10 FTE)
General Services Department Personnel 2018 (140 Total Positions):
Administration Section (3 FTE)
Fleet Services (49 FTE)
Facilities Management Section (38 FTE)
Purchasing Section (13 FTE)
Contract Administration Section (6 FTE)
Asset Management Section (4 FTE)
Materials Resources and Disposal Section (18 FTE)
Regulatory & Environmental Compliance Section (4 FTE)
Hazmat Section (5 FTE)
Information Technology Department Personnel 2018 (91 Total Positions):
Management Administration Section (4 FTE)
Networks & PC Support Section (5 FTE)
GIS Section (13 FTE)
Customer Support Center Section (9 FTE)
Customer Applications Section (4 FTE)
Development & Portal Support Section (7 FTE)
Corporate Infrastructure Engineering Section (13 FTE)
Work and Asset Management Applications Section (6 FTE)
Enterprise Applications Section (3 FTE)
Finance & HR Applications Section (4 FTE)
Telecommunications Section (11 FTE)
Records Management Section (13 FTE)
Finance Department Personnel 2018 (138 Total Positions):
Chief Finance Office Administration Section (3 FTE)
Business System Support Section (3 FTE)
Treasury Section (1 FTE)
General Accounting Section (12 FTE)
Enterprise Budget, Financial Performance & Rates (13 FTE)
Customer Service Section (106 FTE)
Human Resources Department Personnel 2018 (46 Total Positions):
Administration Section (3 FTE)
Employee Relations Section (6 FTE)
Recruitment and Selection Section (5 FTE)
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Employee Benefits & Disability Section (6 FTE)
Personnel Development Section (4 FTE)
Safety Services Section (6 FTE)
Risk Management/Security, Claims and Investigations Section (10 FTE)
Occupational Health Nurse (1 FTE)
Office of Emergency Planning (5 FTE)
Total Admin/Support Vehicles per 2018 Budget (179 Total Vehicles):
Executive Department - 9 Total Vehicles
General Services Department - 92 Total Vehicles
Information Technology Department - 20 Total Vehicles
Finance Department - 32 Total Vehicles
Human Resources Department - 26 Total Vehicles
b) Adequacy of Existing Administrative/Support Facilities
Administrative Personnel- The performance standard for providing administrative
personnel was established at a minimum of .75 FTE per 1,000 in population served.
Evaluation of this standard would then be based on the current level of administrative
staff (463 FTE) per population served by the district (429,744), divided by 1,000. The
total population within the Imperial Irrigation District Service areas (water and energy
service areas) was calculated using Department of Finance data and discounted
proportional share of Coachella Valley communities not entirely served by the IID. Per
2018 conditions, IID exceeded the established performance standard for
administrative personnel of .75 FTE per 1,000 in population served as noted below:
Total Admin Staff ÷ Population Served/1000 = Performance Level
463 FTE 429,744/1,000 1.08 FTE
Administrative Facility Space-The performance standard for administrative facility
space was established at 450 square feet of building space per every 1,000 of
population served. The existing and dedicated administrative space of 189,912 SF
coupled with an additional 166,700 square feet of common areas that are shared by
administrative staff is adequate. Common areas were not accounted for under this
assessment (energy department and water department administration facilities)
because they are not exclusive to administration/support departments.
Total Building Area ÷ Population Served/1,000 = Below Performance Level
189,912 429,744/1,000 442 SF
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Office Space per Full-Time Employee- Adequacy of building area is supported by the
level of usable office space per full-time employee. The usable office space available
per full-time employee was assessed against the 125 SF per FTE standard, district-
wide for administrative facilities. It was determined that the office space available for
the 463 administrative support employees was adequate in 2018 providing an
average of 185 SF per FTE. The findings were determined by taking all
Administrative/Support Services Department office space in 201814, excluding all
common areas, and dividing it by the full tally of administrative/support staff for the
respective year:
Total Usable Office Space ÷ Total Admin Staff = Space Per FTE
85,553 SF 463 FTE 185 SF/FTE
The available office space per employee standard was applied to each independent
administrative department, and its respective staff level, to identify the adequacy of
office space within each given unit. The Finance Department is the only unit
demonstrating a deficiency at an average of 112 SF per employee. The 2018 findings
are summarized in Table A-2 and in the narrative that follows.
Table A-2
Office Space Adequacy for Administrative and Support Staff
Department Total SF of Total SF of Space
Usable Department Available Per
Office Space FTE FTE
Executive 11,167 48 233
General Services 19,098 140 136
Information Technology 24,469 91 268
Finance 15,398 138 112
Human Resources 15,421 46 335
Total SF 85,553 463
Source: IID General Services staff, Building Inventory 2017 and Dedicated Office Space 2018
and FTE Data from Adopted 2018 Budget.
Executive Department (48 Total Positions):
There are 48 Full Time Equivalent Employees in the Executive Department operating
under 13,484 SF of administrative facilities. Of this space, only 11,167 SF is usable
14 Office Space was provided by General Service Staff after discounting unusable space and storage facilities from
total building area. The feasibility of future space conversion is not taken into account at this time.
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office space, which is the equivalent of 233 SF of office space per employee. Using
the performance formula established of 125 SF of office space per FTE, the Executive
Department facilities are adequate containing a modest surplus of administrative office
space to accommodate future growth.
Existing Executive Department Office Space – Current Demand = Adequacy
11,167 SF – 6,000 SF = 5,167 SF Surplus
General Services Department (140 Total Positions):
There are 140 Full Time Equivalent Employees operating in the General Services
Department under 19,575 SF of administrative facilities. Of this space, only 19,098 SF
is dedicated office space which is the equivalent of 136 SF of building space per
employee. Using the performance standard of 125 SF of usable office space per FTE,
the existing demand for General Services administrative office space is satisfactorily
being met and demonstrated a 2018 surplus of 1,598 square feet. This department also
shares over 29,000 SF of common areas exclusive to administrative services.
Existing Office Space – Current Demand = Adequacy
19,098 SF – 17,500 SF = 1,598 SF Surplus
Information Technology Department (91 Total Positions):
There are 91 Full Time Equivalent Employees operating in the Information Technology
Department under 25,264 SF of administrative facilities. Of this space, only 24,469 SF
is dedicated office space which is the equivalent of 269 SF of office space per
employee. Using the performance standard of 125 SF of office space per FTE, the
existing demand for administrative office space in the IT Department is being satisfied
and has a surplus that may accommodate future growth.
Existing Office Space – Current Demand = Adequacy
24,469 SF – 11,375 SF = 13,094 SF Surplus
Finance Department (138 Total Positions):
There are 138 Full Time Equivalent Employees operating in the Finance Department
under 16,195 SF of administrative facilities. Of this space, only 15,398 SF is usable
office space, which is the equivalent of 112 SF of office space per employee. Applying
the performance standard of 125 SF/FTE, results in modest office space deficiencies
for the Finance Department as follows.
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Existing Office Space – Current Demand = Adequacy
15,398 SF – 17,250 SF = -1,852 SF Deficiency
There are almost 14,000 SF of common areas, exclusive for administrative services,
shared with Finance staff and other support services departments. These findings
suggest expansion and/or relocation should be planned during the plan period.
Human Resources Department (46 Total Positions):
There are a total of 46 Full Time Equivalent Employees operating in the Human
Resources Department under 17,164 SF of administrative facilities. Of this space, only
15,421 SF is usable office space which is the equivalent of 335 SF of building space
per employee. Using the performance formula of 125 SF of office space per FTE as
calculated below, the existing demand for administrative facilities is 5,750 square feet
resulting in a 2018 surplus of office space for the Human Resources Department.
Existing Office Space – Current Demand = Adequacy
15,421 SF – 5,750 SF = 9,671 SF Surplus
c) Future Demand for Administrative Facilities & Planned Facilities
Future Demand-For the purpose of calculating future demand, and as previously
noted, historic growth rates are applied to current population estimates to project
population demand. Using the existing performance standard formula of 450 SF
per 1,000 in population served, IID will need 328,063 square feet of administrative
space by the year 2040. Facilities can be expanded and/or planned for as new hires
are projected, or as noted under Table A-3 Administrative Facilities Demand.
Table A-3
Administrative Facilities Demand
Year Population Administrative Space
Projections All Service Demand
Areas
2020
468,998 211,049 SF
2025
523,890 235,890 SF
2030
584,260 262,917 SF
2035
643,749 289,687 SF
2040
729,028 328,063 SF
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The total amount of space available for administrative facilities in 2018 was 189,912
square feet and 374,040 when all common areas available to administrative staff are
taken into account (not just those exclusive to administration). As the served
population increases, there will be an inherent need for additional administrative
facilities. As of the date of this 2019 Service Area Plan, there were no planned capital
improvements projects for Administrative Facilities.
Planned Administrative Facilities- All of the district’s construction projects and major
capital purchases are included in the Capital Improvement Plan which is incorporated
into the district’s annual budget as a two year plan. An estimated $2.4 million of
capital improvements in the form of building upgrades are projected for 2019.
d) Opportunities for Shared Administrative Facilities & Services
The Imperial Irrigation District building facilities are shared by multiple departments
internally and inclusively have an estimated 587,706 square feet of common areas.
While only 98,230 are common areas exclusive to administration and support
departments, there are over 400,000 square feet of common areas that are shared
facilities with other departments besides administration. This space can be evaluated
and considered for reconfiguration in the future to accommodate additional need for
space or exclusive office use.
IID provides for all of its administrative needs using full-time, part-time and contract
workers. Cross-utilization of services within the District Departments and Service
Sections is facilitated throughout the organization. Senior staff members in the water
department and energy department provide their expertise for administrative
functions and services. For example, the Water Department Manager and several
other employees of the Water Department will complete tasks that are
administrative in nature, and indirectly related to the needs of various water
facilities and services. These tasks are funded through the respective section budgets
of the various departments from which the tasks are being completed. This
method of cross-utilization is an efficient use of existing resources.
IID will often provide administrative services to regional groups and organizations
that will provide a beneficial service to the communities it serves. For example, IID
provides administrative oversight and technical support to the Regional Water
Management Group (RWMG) which has the primary purpose to support
implementation of the Imperial Integrated Regional Water Management Plan. The
RWMG is comprised of designated representatives from public agencies and
organized stakeholder groups (e.g., non-governmental organizations). IID provides
the following administrative services and functions when the RWMG is active:
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1) Takes Water Forum and RWMG meeting notes for review and approval, 2) Serves
as a clearinghouse for information, 3) Develops publicity and public affairs materials
and maintains the Imperial IRWMP website, 4) Coordinates production of draft and
final work products, and 5) Transmits findings and makes them available to the public,
as appropriate.
e) Phasing of Administrative Facilities
IID does not currently have any planned facilities for administrative support services,
however there is ample building space within all district facilities to explore the
possibilities of reorganization and relocation, if necessary. As the IID service
population grows and economic conditions improve, IID will likely increase staff and
expansion, or construction, of new administrative service facilities will be needed.
3. Mitigation for Administrative Facilities
Imperial Irrigation District will continue to review the personnel level and facility space
available against the demand for facilities based on the established performance standards.
Additional facilities will be planned for and provided on an as needed basis. The following are
mitigation measures for administrative facilities:
A-1 IID should consider updating the Headquarters Space Assessment & Strategic
Business Plan Summary last modified in May 28, 2013.
A-2 By the year 2030 (10 year time period), a minimum of 102,218 additional square
feet of administrative facilities should be planned for, or reconfigured, in order
to meet the projected service demand through 2030.
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V. FINANCING PLAN
The most current available Financial Statement for the Imperial Irrigation District was reviewed
for 2017 and 2016 calendar years. The Financial Statement shows that the Imperial Irrigation
District reported positive balances in net position of which approximately 90 percent were in
capital assets. The district’s total 2017 net position had a slight (0.2 percent) increase from prior
year ending at $1,625,332,801 and included over $9 million in capital contributions. The district’s
total outstanding debt from Revenue Bonds, Pension Obligation Bonds, and Capital Leases, as
long-term debt, was $668,571,657 as of December 31, 2017. This data represents a snapshot of
the district’s overall financial health. A complete copy of the December 31, 2017 and 2016 Audited
Financial Report is included as Appendix A.
This Financing Plan section of the Service Area Plan lists and describes existing and potential
revenue sources and various financing mechanisms available to the Imperial Irrigation District in
efforts to continue to meet the projected service and facility demands identified earlier in this
document. This section also describes how each existing facility and service is currently financed
and how future financial demands for these facilities and services may be secured.
A. EXISTING REVENUE SOURCES
This section provides a summary of the existing revenue sources available to finance the
necessary public facilities and services within the Imperial Irrigation District service area. The
following list presents sources of revenue that are currently utilized by the Water Department
and the Energy Department in order to accumulate finances necessary to develop and
operate the various facilities and services discussed within the Service Area Plan. For context,
it shall be noted that the Energy Department has an annual revenue budget of over
$586,490,900, which is more than double of the Water Department’s annual revenue budget
of $280,447,600, as per the adopted 2019 Budget. Complete budgetary information for
financing mechanisms currently utilized is available on-line for viewing at the Imperial
Irrigation District under their most current adopted 2019 Budget Plan.
Water Department Revenue Sources
The Water Department is expected to see a modest increase of 1 percent (1 percent) in
revenues due to higher water transfer sales of 35,000 AF in 2019. Revenues for the Water
Department continue to come from the following sources:
1. Water Sales- Water sales accounts for an estimated 18 percent of the Water Department
Budget as projected for 2019. Direct water sales to service area customers had an average
cost of $46.03 per acre-foot, generating over $51 million in water sales revenue, $21.08
per acre-foot for 2018 and projected at $50 million for 2019, $20.82 per acre-foot for
2019.
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2. Water Transfer Revenues- The primary sources (47 percent) of revenue for the Water
Department are the water transfer sales which are anticipated to increase in volume and
value during the next eight years and peak at year 2026. These revenues are generated
from water transfers to the Sand Diego County Water Authority (SDWA), the
Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD).
3. All-American Canal Reimbursements- The Water Department receives an estimated 4
percent of its annual revenue from All-American Canal Reimbursements. Imperial
Irrigation District is projected to receive over $10 million in reimbursements for the costs
of construction and annual charges for operation and maintenance of the canal.
4. Water Availability Fees- The Water Department receives approximately 1 percent of its
revenue from Water Availability Fees. The Water Availability fee is a $4 per acre fee
charged to all water customers. The Water Availability Fee is charged annually and is
projected to generate just under $2 million for 2019.
5. Rental Income (Trust Lands)- An estimated .5 percent of all Water Department revenues
come from Rental Income. The district purchased 41,761 acres of land in 2004 in order to
facilitate the district’s ability to perform transfer obligations. In 2015, 185.4 acres were
sold and the remaining acreage is leased. The district is anticipated to receive $1 million
from Western Farm Lands Revenue from rent in 2019.
6. Capital Contribution Proceeds-As part of the water transfer agreements, there are a
number of capital projects that have been prioritized and paid for by the SDCWA. This
amount was over $44 million in 2018, representing over 16 percent of the Water
Department revenue. For 2019, it was $32 million and just under 12 percent of the Water
Department budget. Other capital contributions come from customers projects.
7. Lost Water Sales- Approximately 1.2 percent of the annual revenue is from Lost Water
Sales. Reduced water sales (attributed to water transfers) result in IID’s operation and
maintenance costs being spread over a smaller sales base. Normally, this would result in
an increase in water rates. However, rather than allow rates to rise to the detriment of
the local agricultural economy, lost water sales revenues attributable to water transfers
are allocated to the general Water Department operations from water transfer revenues.
8. Quantification Settlement Agreement/JPA Revenues- IID receives an estimated five
percent of Water Department Revenue from the Joint Powers Agreement under the QSA.
These revenues are reimbursements for costs incurred for Environmental Mitigation for
Salton Sea Restoration beyond IID’s stipulated share between the Coachella Valley Water
District, IID and San Diego County Water Authority. Any costs beyond the JPA limitations
would be satisfied by the State (Department of Fish and Wildlife). The 2019 projected
revenue is over $14 million.
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9. Water Supply Development Fees- The Water Department receives less than 1 percent of
its revenue from Water Supply Development Fees which are developer driven and thus
not a projected revenue source, but a potential revenue source depending on the building
market. The Water Supply Development Fee is an annual fee calculated by AF demand,
for non-agricultural projects as established under the Interim Water Supply Policy. A
project is subject to the Development fee when 1) the water demand for the municipal
use project is in excess of the project’s estimated population multiplied by the district-
wide per capita usage; 2) a project will require water for an industrial use in an
unincorporated area of the County of Imperial; or 3) mixed use projects. The calculation
is based on a tiered fee schedule as noted below, charged per acre-foot, annually.
Table F-1
2019 Interim Water Supply Policy Development Fee
Annual Demand (Acre-Feet) Development Fee*
0-500 $292.62
501-1000 $412.00
1001-2500 $517.34
2501-5000 $639.07
*To be adjusted annually in accordance with the consumer Price Index (CPI)
10. Water Reservation Fees- The Water Reservation Fee is also a developer driven fee that is
a non-refundable fee charged by the district when an application for water supply for a
non-agricultural project is deemed complete and approved. This fee sets aside the
projected water supply up to start-up of construction, for a maximum period of two years
(renewable for another two years subject to an additional fee per renewal). The Water
Department receives a nominal amount of revenue from Water Reservation Fees and is
typically not a projected income. The following table depicts the applicable reservation
fee calculated per acre-foot demand annually.
Table F-2
2019 Interim Water Supply Policy Reservation Fee
Annual Demand (Acre-Feet) Reservation Fee*
0-500 $73.15
501-1000 $103.00
1001-2500 $129.34
2501-5000 $159.77
*To be adjusted annually in accordance with the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
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11. Federal and State Grant Programs- IID is eligible to apply for some grant funding
programs to augment and supplement local revenues earmarked for capital
improvements or special programs. IID has been historically successful in obtaining some
level of grant funding for Water Department projects. Grant revenues are unpredictable
and it is estimated that a very small percentage of IID’s budget is from grant sources.
12. Other Miscellaneous Revenues- Miscellaneous revenues of less than 1 percent are
received by the Water Department from sources such Interest Income, Local Entity
Revenue, Grant Mitigation (non JPA), etc.
Energy Department Revenue Sources
As a consumer-owned utility, IID works to efficiently, and effectively, meet its customers’
demands at the best possible rates, tying the area’s low-cost of living directly with low-cost
utilities. The Energy Department utilizes the following sources for revenues:
1. Energy Sales— IID has adopted energy rates for a number of energy service classifications
such as general, agricultural, residential, municipal, etc. Energy sales accounts for over 82
percent of the Energy Department Budget.
2. General/CSP Capital Contributions- Customer Service Proposal (CSP) revenues account
for an estimated five percent of the Energy Budget. IID has an adopted SCP pricing sheet
for construction, material, inspection, metering and installation services requested. CSP
contribution were an estimated five percent of the 2019 budget.
3. Energy Cost Adjustment Revenues-The Energy Cost Adjustment (ECA) is applicable to all
electric customers served by the district and applied to all kilowatt-hours (kWh) billed
under all rate schedules and applicable special contracts. The ECA recovers the costs of,
fuel, energy, capacity, transmission, purchased power and transmission costs, and
revenues from wholesale sales not recovered in the base energy charge of the district.
The district maintains a minimum level of $15 million in the rate stabilization fund to be
utilized as an emergency fund to mitigate, or partially offset, unexpected fuel and
purchased power costs.
4. Dispatching and Wheeling Charges- Fees for the third party transportation of energy
(wheeling) on the IID transmission system are also collected by the district. IID Energy
Department may average up to four percent of its annual revenue in dispatching and
wheeling charges.
5. Certificates of Participation Proceeds- A Certificate of Participation (COP) is a financial
instrument (a form of financing), used by IID, which allows an individual to buy a share of
the lease revenue (unlike a bond) of an agreement entered by IID. COP Proceeds account
for an estimated three percent of the projected Energy Department Budget.
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6. Wholesale Power and Gas Sales- Wholesale rates are established for industrial,
commercial and agricultural purpose subject to special conditions such as standby or
breakdown service where the entire electric power requirements are not regularly
supplied by the district. That Energy Department receives approximately two percent, or
$10 million, from wholesale power and gas sales.
7. Public Benefit Fund Revenues- The district charges a surcharge of 2.8 percent to the
monthly rate under the applicable energy rate schedule, or special contract, to be used
to fund public benefits programs as mandated by Assembly Bill 1890.
8. Capital Loans (Support Services)- Over $17 million was budgeted in 2019 from capital
loans representing an estimated 3 percent of total revenues for the Energy Department.
9. Capital Contribution Proceeds- Over $31 million was budgeted for customer funded
projects representing 6 percent of total revenues and funding for the Energy Department.
10. Public Benefit Charge (PBC) Fund-The PBC charge is an adjustment amount (2.8 percent)
applicable to all rate schedules and special contracts to be used to fund public benefits
programs as mandated by Assembly Bill 1890.
11. Interest Income- IID may earn interest on investments, savings accounts, bonds, etc.
Interest income averages an estimated ½ percent of the total annual energy revenues.
B. CURRENT FACILITY FINANCING AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Water Facility Financing
a) Current Water Facilities Funding Sources
The Water Department is anticipated to generate over $280 million in total revenue
during the 2019 calendar year from all revenue sources. The primary sources (47
percent) of revenue for the Water Department are the water transfer sales which are
anticipated to increase in volume and value during the next eight years and peak at
year 2026. Over 47 percent was budgeted in 2019 from water transfer revenue. By
far, the largest water transfer revenue comes from water transfers to the Sand Diego
County Water Authority which is anticipated to generate over $105 million in 2019
(an average of $662.13 per acre-foot). Water transfers to the Metropolitan Water
District are expected to generate over $17 million in revenue in 2019 and over $7
million in revenue is expected from the Coachella Valley Water District.
Direct water sales to service area customers generate an estimated 18 percent of the
Water Department revenue. Water sale revenues are collected for the continued
operation and maintenance of the water distribution and drainage system. The last
comprehensive update of fees was in 2009. The current water sale costs, as adopted
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by the IID Board, are shown in the following table. Please refer to the respective full
schedule for detailed conditions under each respective service.
Table F-3
Adopted 2018 Water Rate Schedule
Customer Classification Flat Rate Water Tiered Water Rates Applicable
Rates 6 AFY/ 6-8AFY/ >8AFY/
Per AF ACRE ACRE ACRE
General Agricultural¹ $20.00
Mesa Agricultural² $20.00 $40.00 $80.00
Pump Service³ $20.00
Pipe & Small Parcel Tier 1⁴ $250.00/YR
Pipe & Small parcel Tier 2⁴ $100/YR $100/YR $100/YR
Wholesale Service Tier 1 $20.00
Wholesale Service Tier 2⁵ $105/YR $105/YR $105/YR
General Industrial⁶ $85.00
Municipal Service $20.00
Stand-by-Service⁷ $4.00/AC
Penalty for Gate Adjustment⁸ $100.00/EA
Conserved Water⁹ $542.85/AF
NOTE: In a year where a supply demand imbalance (SDI) has been declared, this rate schedule shall
be adjusted as defined by the “Regulations for Equitable Distribution Plan.” All service fees are
applicable for water use by lands located within the Imperial Unit, unless expressly noted otherwise.
¹ For properties within Imperial Unit. There is a Stock Water Charge of $10/day minimum.
² Mesa lands are all lands located above the 1030 foot contour line with Mean Sea Level being
referenced at the 1,000 foot elevation. There is a Stock Water Charge of $10/day minimum.
³ Up to $120/Year.
⁴ Tier 1 for diameter ≤ 2 inch and Tier 2 is for diameters over 2 inch but < 6 inch (2 acre minimum)
⁵ Annual Rate Based on Gross Acreage: Where customer facilities make it impractical for IID to install
measuring equipment, annual charge per acre shall apply (2 acre minimum)
⁶ Temporary Water Service has a minimum charge of $425/Year and excess discharge into IID will
also have a $258/AF charge.
⁷ Applicable to all lands within Imperial Unit that are entitled to water whether water was used or
not. (After 5% allowance for any right-of-way, net charge is $3.80/AC)
⁸ Applicable to anyone who adjusts a delivery gate which results in a change in the amount of water
delivered, without prior authorization from IID.
⁹ Applicable to water delivered outside of the district boundary but inside the Imperial County. To be
adjusted annually after 1988 in accordance with the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
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b) Planned Capital Water Project Costs
IID has several planned water capital projects under the approved 2019 Budget Plan
estimated at over $29 million. Table F-4 has a summary of the approved budget
allocation for 2019 and projected capital amounts through 2023. These figures are
higher than historic allocations and anticipated to remain comparable in 2020 and
beyond to support the planned capital water projects discussed under Water Services
to meet projected demand from service area, but exclude projected demand from
water transfers.
Table F-4
Planned Water Capital Project Costs
Year 2019 Year 2020 Year 2021 Year 2022 Year 2023
Imperial Dam $6,075,777 $17,849,750 $16,510,350 $16,900,350 $2,528,450
Automation $275,815 $200,000 $200,000 $200,000 $200,000
Lateral Canals $2,851,786 $3,026,524 $3,087,054 $3,148,796 $3,211,772
Concrete Lining $3,783,949 $4,175,000 $4,375,000 $4,350,000 $3,525,000
Special Projects $16,494,777 $17,849,750 $16,510,350 $16,900,350 $2,528,450
TOTAL $29,482,104 $43,101,024 $40,682,754 $41,499,496 $11,993,672
Source: 2019 Budget Plan & Water Department Five Year Improvement Plan for years 2020-2023. Operational
Reservoirs & Water Transfer Projects are excluded from this table and discussed under Conservation.
Capital projects that are under conservation programs such as Operational Reservoirs
are paid strictly from water transfer revenues and presented under the Conservation
section of this Finance Chapter. Other capital improvements strictly paid from water
transfer revenues include SCADA Upgrades, Operational Discharge Monitoring Sites,
Lateral Headings and Interties required to effectively accommodate water transfers.
The Imperial Irrigation District also has an additional, estimated $9,900,000 budgeted
annually from 2019 to 2022 for pipelining and customer projects within the district
service area. These projects are also 100 percent paid by private customers or the
requesting public agency. These includes projects such as those requested by solar
operations, geothermal operations, and similar non-agricultural uses.
c) Cost Avoidance Opportunities for Water Facilities
IID requires all developers, private, or public, that require raw water services to
construct facilities necessary to adequately convey and meter the water to their
respective project site. The proposed development also incurs costs associated with
any corresponding engineering services and studies.
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d) Recommended Funding for Water Facilities
The Imperial Irrigation District will continue to utilize the funding sources currently in
place in addition to searching for other sources to improve the efficiency of the water
distribution system and for planned investment in development of additional
operational reservoirs.
The water service charge collected by IID is the primary funding source for
operation and maintenance costs. These charges are based on actual water usage.
Reduced water sales (attributed to water transfers) can result in IID’s operation and
maintenance costs being spread over a smaller sales base. Normally, this would result
in an increase in water rates. However, IID has a structure in place to recapture lost
water sales revenues. These impacts should be reviewed periodically.
There are a number of financing mechanisms already applied by the district in
order to assist in the funding for capital facilities. There are, however, a number
of State and Federal grant and loan programs available for public utility districts
through a number of public and private agencies. Further descriptions of these
opportunities are provided at the end of this chapter.
2. Irrigation Drainage Facility Financing
a) Current Drainage Facility Funding
The current revenue sources for drainage facilities also come from Water
Department Revenue sources. As previously noted, direct water sales to service
area customers generate an estimated 18 percent of the Water Department revenue
and applied to the continued operation and maintenance of both the water
distribution and drainage system. Approximately $2 million annually is reserved for
the drainage system. In addition to the Water Rates communicated under Table F-4,
the district has established Drainage Costs as noted in Table F-5 that follows. Please
refer to the respective full schedule for detailed conditions.
Table F-5
Charge for Drainage Service
Customer Classification Flat Rate Service Rates
Per AF
Drainage Service NA $250.00
Assessment Charge (excess) NA $750.00
Drainage Construction $30/AC
Note: a minimum drainage charge per month is set at $200 per discharge point.
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The limit on drainage is set at five percent of the total volume of water received
within a billing period and the maximum allowable flow rate shall be 10 percent of
the maximum flow rate for the water received, but shall not exceed 672 gallons per
minute (1.5 cfs). Excess water is charged at the $750 per acre-foot rate. Drainage
Construction fees are for drains as part of IID system to provide tile and/or surface
drain outlet for each governmental sub-division of approximately 160 acres (for
contribution to IID Capital Improvement Account).
b) Planned Capital Project Costs for Drainage Facilities
IID has continuous operation and maintenance costs for the IID drainage system.
Planned drainage capital projects under the approved 2019 Budget Plan identify the
Moorhead Drain Pipeline and the Trifolium Storm Drain at a cost of $500,000 and
$300,000 respectfully both for plan year 2019. Table F-6 Projected Drainage Facilities
Costs has a summary of the approved budget allocations for control structures, inlets
and outlets from 2019 through 2023 district-wide.
Table F-6
Projected Drainage Facilities Costs
Northend Southend Total Drainage
Year
Division Division Facility Costs
2019 $1,008,534 $1,008,534 $2,017,068
2020 $1,076,294 $1,076,294 $2,152,588
2021 $1,097,820 $1,097,820 $2,195,640
2022 $1,119,776 $1,119,776 $2,239,552
2023 $0 $1,142,172 $1,142,172
Source: 2019 Budget Plan & Water Department Five Year Improvement Plan.
c) Cost Avoidance Opportunities for Drainage Facilities
IID is able to avoid costs resulting from new development that will necessitate new
drainage facilities by requiring developers to construct adequate facilities and
retention basins for their projects. Additionally, the district may be able to access
grant funds when the drain improvements are for projects that will reduce TDML’s.
d) Recommended Funding for Drainage Facilities
The Imperial Irrigation District will continue to use the existing funding sources for
the maintenance and operation of irrigation drainage facilities. However, the
established fees have not been updated since 1987. Considering the emerging
challenges on water quality and anticipated TMDL targets there may be an opportunity
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to revisit this rate schedule after the monitoring and evaluation program is completed
and if, and when, the Regional Water Quality Control Board makes findings on TMDL
implementation for open drain systems.
3. Energy Facilities & Services Financing
a) Current Energy Facilities Funding
Energy sales accounts for over 82 percent of the Energy Department Budget. IID
maintains a rate schedule that covers over twenty customer classifications from
General Wholesale Power Service to Residential Service and a diverse set of
categories in between. The following provides a limited overview of some of the more
common schedule rates:
Table F-7
Limited Schedule of Energy Rates
Tiered Charge
Customer Demand Energy Energy
per kWh
Charge Charge Charge Cost
Customer Classification per kW per kWh First 1001- >7,000 Adjust-
1,000 6,000 kWh ment
kWh kWh
D Residential $9.60 11.69¢ 12.31¢ 12.05¢ 11.69¢ X
MH Master Meter Mobile Home $9.60 10.93¢ X
GS General $12.00 12.31¢ 12.05¢ 11.69¢ X
GL Large General $140.00 $6.75 9.30¢ X
AG Agricultural General $140.00 $4.75 9.75¢ X
A-2 General Wholesale $70.00 $3.00 9.77¢ X*
PA Agricultural Pumping $20.00 $2.75 9.52¢ X
PM Municipal Service $12.00 11.41¢ X
Note: The Energy Cost Adjustment is the amount computed in accordance with Schedule ECA and ECA-
R. Please see full schedule for details and special conditions under IID Energy Rates
*A Power Factor Adjustment is also Applicable-A charge of $0.26 per kilovar of reactive demand as
measured by the incoming kilovar demand meter for each kilovar in excess of .60 times the kilowatt
demand measured and supplied by the district.
IID also charges energy costs for outdoor lighting and street and highway lighting,
categorized by lamp rating (lumens) and wattage. The IID maintains respective fee
schedules for Outdoor Area Lighting, Street and Highway Lighting, State Highway
Lighting and Street and Highway Lighting. Services are furnished from dusk to dawn
where this service can be supplied from existing secondary overhead facilities of the
district of suitable voltage.
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b) Planned Capital Energy Project Costs
IID has several planned capital projects under the approved 2019 Budget Plan for
Energy Capital Projects of $101,758,400. Table F-8 Planned Capital Energy Projects
has a summary of the approved budget allocation for 2019. These figures, in total, are
comparable to historic allocations and anticipated to remain comparable in 2020 and
beyond to support the planned energy projects.
Table F-8
Planned Capital Energy Project Costs
2018 Actual 2019 Budget 2020 Budget
Generation
$90,782,800 $8,091,100 $10,226,000
Transmission
$17,214,556 $55,051,800 $51,600,000
Distribution
$24,204,463 $29,919,500 $25,215,100
General Plant
$6,523,700 $8,696,000 $4,025,000
Total Capital Budget
$138,725,519 $101,758,400 $91,066,100
Source: 2019 Budget Plan
c) Cost Avoidance Opportunities for Energy Facilities
The district imposes an Energy Cost Adjustment (ECA), applicable to all electric
customers served by the district and applied to all kilowatt-hours (kWh) billed under
all rate schedules and applicable special contracts. The ECA recovers the costs of, fuel,
energy, capacity, transmission, purchased power and transmission costs, and
revenues from wholesale sales not recovered in the base energy charge of the district.
The district maintains a minimum level of $15 million in the rate stabilization fund to
be utilized as an emergency fund to mitigate, or partially offset, unexpected fuel and
purchased power costs.
d) Recommended Funding for Energy Facilities
The Imperial Irrigation District will continue to use the existing funding sources for
energy facilities and services. It should be noted, however, that coordinated
scheduling with a broader region might bring revenue to California by selling more
solar to other states that in turn would save money. To the degree that regionalization
benefits California, IID could also benefit due to efficiencies and increased renewable
energy contributions to serving load. If IID generation is the lowest cost generation to
serve its load, then effectively, IID will continue to serve its
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load using its existing generation, and any excess generation beyond IID’s load will be
offered into the market to serve other’s load and IID will be paid the market price for
the excess generation, thereby, providing an additional revenue stream for IID.
4. Conservation Program Financing
a) Current Conservation Project Funding
Water Conservation Project Funding- Prioritized, capital projects for Water
Conservation Facilities are largely paid by the San Diego County Water Authority
(SDCWA) as part of the water transfer agreements. The SDCWA Capital Project
contribution was over $44 million in 2018 and represented over 16 percent of the
Water Department revenue. For 2019 these figures are estimated at $32 million and
just under 12 percent of the anticipated 2019 Water Department Budget.
Energy Efficiency Project Funding- IID will sometimes incur debt for large capital
projects. IID is a member of the Southern California Public power Authority (SCPPA).
The SCPPA is a joint action agency comprised of the cities of Los Angeles, Glendale,
Burbank, Cerritos, Vernon, Pasadena, Anaheim, Riverside, Azusa, Banning and Colton
and IID (the only non-municipal member of SCPPA). SCPPA acts as a funding entity for
transmission, generation, fuel and energy efficiency projects. SCPPA will issue debt
for the construction of new resources and then secure this debt with take-or-pay
contracts with project participants.
When IID is a party in a transaction with SCPPA and member utilities, the debt falls
on SCPPA and therefore minimally impacts the IID’s credit ratings. This is an
unequivocal advantage of being a member of SCPPA. Joint action entities like SCPPA
allow small entities the opportunity to participate in larger, cost-effective generation
resources. A publicly-owned utility that is too small to buy an entire project can enter
into a take-or-pay contract with SCPPA that will aggregate the needs of all its
members. SCPPA will then issue debt to construct, or purchase, the generation
resource and recover its debt service costs through take-or-pay contracts with the
project participants. This means that the participants pay the cost even if no energy
is produced, or they choose not to dispatch the generation project.
b) Planned Capital Conservation Project Costs
Water Conservation Projects-IID has several planned projects to help meet the target
water conservation goal of 487,200 AFY. The projects are programmed over a 4-year
plan period and include the projects noted in Table F-9. There is an additional water
conservation grant project for environmental mitigation from the transfers and an
additional $960,300 in capital equipment budgeted for 2019.
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Table F-9
Planned Water Transfer Capital Project Costs
Year 2019 Year 2020 Year 2021 Year 2022
Discharge Monitoring $762,600 $450,000 $250,000 $250,000
Lateral Headings $3,096,320 $2,860,000 $635,000 $2,860,000
Interties $4,159,374 $2,700,000 $2,700,000 $2,700,000
SCADA Upgrades $293,660 $120,000 $120,000 $120,000
Operational Reservoirs $9,071,688 $30,290,000 $18,860,000 $16,650,000
Seepage Recovery $14,250,010 $1,734,000 $1,734,000 $1,834,000
TOTAL $31,633,652 $38,154,000 $24,299,000 $24,414,000
Source: Adopted 2019 Budget Plan & Water Department Five Year Improvement Plan for years 2020 to 2022.
Energy Efficiency Projects-IID has $3.5 million budged for Steam energy generation
facilities in 2019 and $2.2 million for Hydroelectric Power projects.
c) Cost Avoidance Opportunities for Conservation Projects
Water Conservation Cost Avoidance- The Imperial Irrigation District has water
transfer agreements in place that ensure all capital projects that will result in water
conservation for the purpose of water transfer benefits are paid by the benefitting
partners.
IID has also adopted an Interim Water Supply Policy for Non-Agricultural Projects. The
District’s Interim Water Supply Policy for new Non-Agricultural Projects provides a
mechanism and process to develop a water supply agreement for any appropriately
permitted project in the IID water service area, and establishes the framework and
set of fees necessary to ensure that the water supplies used to meet any new water
demands do not adversely affect existing users by funding water conservation or
augmentation projects. Under the policy, 25,000 acre-feet of IID’s annual Colorado
River water supply has been made available for these new non-agricultural projects.
All new industrial-use projects are subject to a development fee, while new municipal
and mixed-use projects may be subject to the fee if the projects’ water demands
exceed certain district-wide average-per-capita use standards. The applicable
reservation fee and development fee are discussed under Water Fees No. 9 and No.
10 of this Finance chapter and although nominal revenue is collected at this time, if
and when revenues are collected for the full 25,000 AF, potential IID costs associated
with projects to avoid overruns may be avoided.
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Energy Efficiency Cost Avoidance- In IID’s region, there is an ample supply of local
renewable resource generation that can be developed, or is developed, at a
reasonable cost and, in turn, sold at a reasonable price to IID customers. Further, if
IID chooses, there is an ample supply of renewable resources that qualify as Category
1 renewable resources in and surrounding the state of California. IID is currently going
a step further by placing a priority on locally generated resources, since they can
directly connect to the IID system and, theoretically, generate a cost savings for both
the developer and IID.
d) Recommended Funding for Conservation Efforts
Recommended Funding for Water Conservation-IID will continue to use the same
resources for Water Conservation Projects, however, IID should explore numerous
opportunities through State and Federal funding agencies that have available
resources. A number of potential agencies and funding programs are identified at the
end of this chapter.
Recommended Funding for Energy Conservation-Given current funding levels of the
energy efficiency portfolio, and absent additional funding, the Energy Department
should consider reallocation of a larger portion of the overall energy efficiency public
program budget toward the Customs Energy Solutions program to capture savings
from a customer segment with the largest potential.
5. Administrative Service and Facilities Financing
a) Current Administrative Facilities Funding
Administrative Facilities and Services are funded by both the Water Department and
Energy Department revenues. Approximately $9 million is budgeted annually for
administrative capital needs, within an approximate annual budget of $80 million for
all support service costs. Support Service costs are shared between the Energy and
Water Departments. Factors considered for level of contribution include: 1) the level
of service demanded by the respective department in the preceding year, and 2)
projected service demand as anticipated by management. All of the district’s support
services are initially accounted and budgeted for in their own departments and then
linked to functions of either the Water or Energy (or both) Departments. The
percentage share by the two respective departments may vary from year to year. See
Appendix B – 2019 Budget Plan (Summary of Support Services Expenditures
Allocation Assumptions on p. H-9 to H-10). Cost allocation from energy department
and water department for support services is based on criteria established by policy.
Please see Appendix C-Policy and Procedures 2450 for a detailed description.
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b) Planned Administrative Capital Project Costs
There are a number of Capital Improvement Projects budgeted for
administrative/support facilities as noted in Table F-10. However it should be noted
that none of the capital projects are for expansion of facilities.
Table F-10
Planned Administrative Facilities Capital Project Costs
2019 2020
Department/Unit
Information Technology $10,472,000 $6,430,000
Facility Upgrades $2,392,000 $12,205,000
Vehicles for Support Staff $27,227,000 $11,654,000
Environmental & Equipment $2,024,000 $1,635,000
Source: 2019 Budget Plan
c) Cost Avoidance Opportunities for Administrative Facilities
Administrative service costs may be further reduced by outsourcing some
administrative services including planning, legal, engineering, and special project
managers. Another successful practice is cross administration between departments.
d) Recommended Funding for Administrative Facilities
Existing funding sources will continue to be used to support administrative services
and facilities.
C. POTENTIAL ADDITIONAL REVENUE SOURCES FOR CAPITAL NEEDS
1. Private Financial Institutions Under CRA Objectives
A financing opportunity for IID may be via competitive revenue bonds through private
financial institutions as part of their Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) obligations. The
Community Reinvestment Act was enacted by the U.S. Congress in 1977 to encourage
depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they
operate, with special emphasis on low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent
with safe and sound banking operations. The Community Reinvestment Act requires
federal financial supervisory agencies to use their authority when examining financial
institutions subject to supervision, to assess the institution's record of meeting the credit
needs of its entire community, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods.
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Local institutions keep a good standing in order to continue to grow, thus investment
opportunities into small community capital improvements are actively sought by
responsible financial institutions. Ratings can range from Outstanding, High Satisfactory,
Satisfactory and Low Satisfactory. The following lending institutions have local CRA
obligations most of which have had their ratings downgraded from Outstanding to now
Satisfactory, noting a potential opportunity for local investment:
Bank of America- Satisfactory rating as of 2015
Community Valley Bank- Satisfactory Rating as of 2013
Rabobank- Satisfactory Rating as of 2017
Union Bank of California- Outstanding Rating as of 2015
Wells Fargo- Satisfactory Rating as of 2013
2. Public Financial Institutions
California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank (IBank)- The California
Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank (IBank) is the State of California’s only
general purpose financing authority. The Legislature created IBank in 1994 to finance
public infrastructure and private development that promote a healthy climate for jobs,
contribute to a strong economy, and improve the quality of life in California communities.
IBank offers a Bond Financing Program and an Infrastructure Loan Program. The
Infrastructure State Revolving Fund (ISRF) Program provides low-cost financing to public
agencies for a wide variety of infrastructure projects. ISRF Program funding is available in
amounts ranging from $250,000 to $10,000,000, with loan terms of up to 30 years.
Interest rates are set on a monthly basis. In addition, IBank created the California Lending
for Energy and Environmental Needs Center – CLEEN Center – to help meet the State’s
Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goals.
North American Development Bank (NADBank)- NADBank is a binational financial
institution capitalized and governed equally by the United States and Mexico for the
purpose of financing environmental projects and has now merged with the Border
Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC). The two institutions work together with
communities and project sponsors in both countries to develop and finance infrastructure
necessary for a clean and healthy environment for border residents. The team can make
grants and loans to public and private borrowers for the implementation of
environmental infrastructure projects located in the U.S.-Mexico border region. Funding
is available for the implementation of projects in all environmental sectors in which the
NADBank operates. See BECC grant program details under Federal Grant Agencies.
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3. Federal Funding Agencies
Bureau of Reclamation- The Bureau of Reclamation was established in 1902 and has
grown to become a contemporary water management agency with a strategic plan and
numerous programs and initiatives that will help the Western States, Native American
Tribes and others meet new water needs and balance the multitude of competing uses of
water in the West. The Bureau of Reclamation has a number of grant programs in place
and has awarded numerous water and energy efficiency grants. Two potential sources of
funding for the IID are as follows:
Drought Response Program-The Drought Response Program supports a
proactive approach to drought by providing assistance to water managers to
develop and update comprehensive drought plans, and implement projects that
will build long-term resiliency to drought. Drought Plan Development can receive
up to $200,000 per plan and must be completed in two years with a 50 percent
cost-share.
Applications are on a competitive basis and due in February. Help communities
prepare for and respond to drought. Typically, these types of projects are referred
to as "mitigation actions" in a drought contingency plan. Funding is up to
$750,000 on a 50 percent cost-share and must be completed in no more than
three years. Reclamation will fund drought resiliency projects must meet one of
the following goals
1) Increase the reliability of water supply and sustainability
2) Improve water management and increase operational flexibility
3) Implement systems to facilitate voluntary sale, transfer or exchange of
water
4) Provide benefits for fish and wildlife and the environment
5) Mitigate poor water quality caused by drought.
WaterSMART Program-Through the WaterSMART Program, states, tribes, and
local entities can plan for and implement actions to increase water supply
through investments to modernize existing infrastructure and attention to local
water conflicts. The projects funded with these grants include installation of flow
measurement devices and automation technology, canal lining, or piping to
address seepage, municipal meter upgrades, and other projects to conserve
water. Funding is up to $75,000 on a 50 percent cost-share.
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- USEPA’s mission is to protect human health
and the environment. Nearly half of their budget goes towards grants to state
environmental programs, non-profits, educational institutions, and others. The funds are
used for a wide variety of projects, from scientific studies that assist in EPA making
decisions to community cleanups. Overall, grants assist EPA in achieving their overall
mission: protect human health and the environment. EPA’s Border Water Infrastructure
Program provides grant assistance to communities along the U.S./Mexico border to
develop and construct infrastructure to provide safe drinking water and adequate
sanitation, and to improve water quality in shared and trans-boundary waters. EPA funds
grant programs through the Border Environmental Cooperation Commission created in
1993 under a side agreement to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) for
the purpose of enhancing the environmental conditions of the US-Mexico border region.
BECC and NADBank work closely with other border stakeholders including federal, state,
and local agencies, the private-sector and civil society to identify, develop, finance and
implement environmental infrastructure projects on both sides of the US-Mexico border.
Three Grant Programs available through BECC are the Community Assistance Program
(CAP), the Project Development Assistance Program (PDAP) and Border Environmental
Infrastructure Fund (BEIF) as follows:
BECC Community Assistance Program (CAP): The Community Assistance
Program is administered through BECC and funds smaller shovel-ready projects
up to $500,000. Funded with NADB’s retained earnings, this program offers grant
financing to support the implementation of projects sponsored by public entities
in all environmental sectors. The objective of this program is to support the
implementation of critical environmental infrastructure projects for sponsors
with limited capacity to incur debt. Projects must be located within 62 miles of
the international border. Eligible projects, include, but are not limited to:
1) Water-potable water supply, wastewater treatment/reuse, water
conservation, storm drainage & flood control
2) Clean/renewable energy-Solar, wind biogas, biofuels, hydroelectric,
geothermal
BECC Project Development Assistance Program (PDAP): Funding is available for
project development activities necessary for certification of potential NADBank
funded projects including, but not limited to, planning studies, environmental
assessment, final design, financial feasibility, community participation, and
development of sustainability elements. Final design grant assistance is limited to
50 percent of the final design costs and cannot exceed $500,000.
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BECC/NADBank Border Environmental Infrastructure Fund (BEIF): Grants are
intended to supplement funding from other sources in order to complete a
project’s financial package. Applicants must seek other sources of funding since
BEIF is considered to be the funding of last resort. Actual BEIF participation is
considered on a project-by-project basis and determined according to funding
availability and based on an affordability analysis to be conducted by
BECC/NADBank during project development.
4. State Agencies
State Water Resources Control Board- The mission of the State Water Resources Control
Board is to preserve, enhance, and restore the quality of California’s water resources. The
Division of Financial Assistance (DFA) administers the implementation of the State Water
Resources Control Board’s (State Water Board) financial assistance programs that include
loan and grant funding for construction of public sewage and water recycling facilities,
remediation for underground storage tank releases, watershed protection projects,
nonpoint source pollution control projects, and other similar projects. An overview of
Program information is noted below.
Nonpoint Source Pollution (NPS) Control Program- This Program administers
grant money it receives from United States Environmental Protection Agency
through Section 319(h) of the Federal Clean Water Act and from the state Timber
Regulation and Forest Restoration Fund. These grant funds can be used to
implement projects, or programs, that will help to reduce NPS pollution. Projects
that qualify for funding must be conducted within the state's NPS priority
watersheds. Project proposals that address TMDL implementation and those that
address problems in impaired waters are favored in the selection process. The
maximum grant amount is $800,000 and require a minimum 25 percent match.
Clean Water State Revolving Fund Program (CWSRF) - The Clean Water State
Revolving Fund Program accepts applications on a continuous basis. The Federal
Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act or CWA), as amended in 1987,
established the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) program. The CWSRF
program offers low interest financing agreements for water quality projects.
Annually, the program disburses between $200 and $300 million to eligible
projects. Using a combination of State and EPA funding, the CWSRF funds projects
as follows:
1) control nonpoint sources of pollution,
2) recapture stormwater or subsurface drainage water
3) water conservation, efficiency, and reuse
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4) create green infrastructure projects,
5) energy efficiency, and
6) fund other water quality projects.
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Resources and References
Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000, Government Code §§
56000 et seq. (2000).
Governor's Office of Planning and Research. (2003). Local Agency Formation Commission Municipal
Service Review Guideline.
Imperial County Planning and Development Services. (2008). Imperial County General Plan 2008
Update. El Centro, CA.
Imperial Irrigation District 2016 Water Conservation Plan. Imperial Irrigation District Website:
Water Conservation Plan.
Imperial Irrigation District. (2017). 2016 QSA Water Conservation & Transfer Agreement Annual
Implementation Report, Imperial, CA.
Imperial Irrigation District 2018 Integrated Resource Plan. Energy Department, Imperial Irrigation
District Website: Integrated Resource Plan.
Imperial Water Forum and GEI Consultants, Inc. 2012. Imperial Integrated Regional Water
Management Plan. October 2012. http://imperialirwmp.org/2013%20Updates/finalirwmp.html.
State of California, Department of Finance (2017). E-1 Population Estimates of Cities, Counties and
the State-January 1, 2016 and 2018 Sacramento, CA.
United States Census Bureau.“Summary File.”2013 – 2017 American Community Survey. U.S. Census
Bureau’s American Community Survey Office. (n.d.).
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