May Draft Fire Protection Districts MSR/SOI

LAKE LOCAL AGENCY FORMATION COMMISSION (LAFCo) MUNICIPAL SERVICE REVIEW (MSR) AND SPHERE OF INFLUENCE (SOI) Fire Protection Districts Kelseyville Fire Protection District Lake County Fire Protection District Lakeport Fire Protection District Northshore Fire Protection District South Lake County Fire Protection District Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District May 2025 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 2 FIRE PROTECTION IN LAKE COUNTY .......................................................................... 18 3 LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT ............................................................36 4 LAKEPORT FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT ................................................................. 49 5 NORTHSHORE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT …………………………………………64 6 SOUTH LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT .............................................. 80 7 LAKE PILLSBURY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT ....................................................... 99 APPENDIX A: LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUNDING ISSUES ...................................................... 108 APPENDIX B: LAFCO BACKGROUND INFORMATION. .......................................................... 112 APPENDIX C: ABBREVIATIONS. ............................................................................................ 118 APPENDIX D: DEFINITIONS ..................................................................................................... 121 REFERENCES AND PREPARERS ............................................................................................ 124 i LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 1 INTRODUCTION A. Preparation of the MSR Research for this Municipal Service Review (MSR) was conducted in 2024. This MSR is intended to support preparation and update of Sphere of Influence, in accordance with the provision of the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Act. The objectives of this Municipal Service Review (MSR) are as follows: • To develop recommendations that will promote more efficient and higher quality service options and patterns • To identify areas for service improvement • To assess the adequacy of service provision as it relates to determination of appropriate sphere boundaries. While LAFCo prepared the MSR document, given budgetary constraints, LAFCo did not engage the services of experts in engineering, hydrology, geology, water quality, fire protection, accounting or other specialists in related fields, but relied upon published reports and available information. Insofar as there is conflicting or inconclusive information LAFCo staff may recommend the fire protection districts retain a licensed professional or expert in a particular field for an opinion. Therefore, this MSR reflects LAFCo’s recommendations, based on available information during the research period and provided by district staff to assist in its determinations for service improvement; and assessing the adequacy of service provision by the various fire protection districts. Additional information on local government funding issues and Lafco background information is found in Appendices A and B at the end of this report. The reader needs to be mindful of the ongoing effort by Lake County to update is General Plan. Among the top priorities identified by the Board of Supervisor’s appointed General Plan Advisory Committee are the gaps in law enforcement, emergency services, medical care, and fire suppression or prevention. Specific LAFCo recommendations are included in the MSR and SOI determinations portions of this report. 2. FIRE PROTECTION IN LAKE COUNTY OVERVIEW AND GENERAL DETERMANATIONS A. Comparison of Fire Protection Districts Five protection districts in Lake County including the Kelseyville FPD, Lake County FPD, Lakeport FPD, Northshore FPD and South Lake County FPD all work together to provide fire protection and emergency medical services to most of the population within Lake County. A sixth fire district, the Lake Pillsbury FPD is isolated in the northern part of Lake County. 1 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 A brief comparison of Lake County’s fire protection districts is shown in the following table: *FPD population estimates total 72,971. The population of Lake County is 68,163. Population estimates for the fire protection districts include visitors and seasonal residents which also require service from the fire protection districts yet are not included in Lake County Population estimates. **The district expects the next ISO review to be conducted soon. B. Insurance Services Office Fire Safety Rating System Fire Safety Rating System Process The Insurance Services Office (ISO) collects and evaluates information from communities in the US on their structure fire suppression capabilities. The data is analyzed using a Fire 3 Lake County Auditor, 2024 2 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Suppression Rating Schedule (FSRS) and then a Public Protection Classification (PPC©) grade is assigned to the community.4 A community’s PPC grade depends on the following four factors: 1. Needed Fire Flows, which are representative building locations used to determine the theoretical amount of water necessary for fire suppression purposes. 2. Emergency Communications, including emergency reporting, telecommunicators, and dispatching systems. 3. Fire Department, including equipment, staffing, training, geographic distribution of fire companies, operational considerations, and community risk reduction. 4. Water Supply, including inspection and flow testing of hydrants, alternative water supply operations, and a careful evaluation of the amount of available water compared with the amount needed to suppress fires up to 3,500 gpm. A review of the Emergency Communications accounts for 10% of the total classification. This section is weighted at 10 points, as follows: • Emergency Reporting 3 points • Telecommunicators 4 points • Dispatch Circuits 3 points A review of the Fire Department accounts for 50% of the total classification. ISO focuses on a fire department's first alarm response and initial attack to minimize potential loss. The fire department section is weighted at 50 points, as follows: • Engine Companies 6 points • Reserve Pumpers 0.5 points • Pump Capacity 3 points • Ladder/Service Companies 4 points • Reserve Ladder/Service Trucks 0.5 points • Deployment Analysis 10 points • Company Personnel 15 points • Training 9 points • Operational considerations 2 points • Community Risk Reduction 5.5 points (in addition to the 50 points above A review of the Water Supply system accounts for 40% of the total classification. ISO reviews the water supply a community uses to determine the adequacy for fire suppression purposes. The water supply system is weighted at 40 points, as follows: • Credit for Supply System 30 points • Hydrant Size, Type & Installation 3 points 4 Public Protection Classification Summary Report, Lake CO FPSA, Prepared by Insurance Services Office, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Ste. 300, PO Box 5404, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey 08054-5404. 1-800-444-4544, January 2024. 3 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 • Inspection & Flow Testing of Hydrants 7 points Even the best fire department will be less than fully effective if it has an inadequate water supply. Similarly, even a superior water supply will be less than fully effective if the fire department lacks the equipment or personnel to use the water. C. Fire Rating System Uses The ISO codes can affect insurance rates so the determination of codes is important to homeowners and businesses. In fact, most US insurers-including the largest ones, use PPC (Public Protection Classification) information as part of their decision-making when deciding what business to write, coverages to offer or prices to charge for personal or commercial property insurance. Each insurance company independently determines the premiums it charges policyholders. The way an insurer uses ISO’s information on public fire protection may depend on several things-the company’s fire-loss experience, ratemaking methodology, underwriting guidelines, and its marketing strategy.5 Each Fire Protection District and (or) Fire Agency should post their most recent ISO report on its website. The ISO results are discussed in each agency’s section. Many other factors are considered when establishing fire insurance rates. Of significant importance in Lake County is proximity to fuels. Many catastrophic fires have occurred in Lake County during recent years where a favorable ISO rating did not matter. D. Fire Flows in Lake County Fire hydrants are owned and maintained by a service provider such as a water service provider. Hydrants are most commonly used for fire suppression by firefighters and temporary used by businesses, and organizations. Hydrant flow tests are conducted to determine water availability in planning for firefighting activities, fire sprinkler systems or domestic water demand. The tests are also useful in determining the general condition of the water distribution system by detecting closed valves or wall deposits. A well- maintained water system enables firefighters to extinguish flames and prevent large- scale damage or loss of life. Fire (Hydrant) Flow standards and testing procedures are included in National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Bulletin NFPA 291. NFPA Bulletin 291 provides guidance on fire flow tests and marking of hydrants in order to determine and indicate the relative available fire service water supply from hydrants and to identify possible deficiencies which could be corrected to ensure adequate fire flows as needed. In the past, it was common fire agencies performed fire flow testing. This is no longer the practice. Fire agencies no longer perform fire flow testing due to liability reasons and water agencies have access to hydraulic models. This service is provided by many water service providers but not all. The result is the level and extent of fire flow testing greatly varies among water providers. 5 ISO, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Suite 300, Mt. Laurel NJ 08054-5404, letter to Lakeport and Lakeport FD, 445 N. Main St. Lakeport CA 95453, April 27, 2020. 4 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Determinations regarding the adequacy of fire flows are much more than the gallons per minute a fire hydrant yields. Fire flow determinations are based on complex formulas as explained in NFPA section 291. The adequacy of the fire flow is based on many factors including sprinklers within a development, the area the fire hydrant is located, the type of hydrant, land uses, water pressure and water pressure duration and the water flow itself. While water providers perform the fire flow testing the determination of the adequacy of fire flows is ultimately made by a Fire Protection District. Hydrant types (Dry Barrel or Warfhead hydrants), line sizes, Water pressure, spacing, source capacity and timing of fire flow testing are managed by water service providers. Fire flow testing varies greatly in Lake County depending upon the fire service provider. Local Land Use authorities regulate minimum fire flow requirements and criterial for fire hydrant infrastructure and testing. Local ordinances specify the minimum requirements for fire flows. These requirements may be inconsistent with NFPA standards. The District or agency water distribution system identifies the size of the water lines within the District. The majority of the water lines are 6” and above. However, there are smaller 4 and 2 inch lines. Depending on slope, water pressure levels depend upon gravity. Meaning some areas may have low water pressures meaning the fire flow in certain area is lower. Fire flow protocols differ from one water service provider with no noticeable consistency. Many agencies do not have the capability to do fire flow testing. Normally, when a new development takes place a fire flow test is conducted. Generally, there is little to no fire flow updates within water service areas. Of concern are the fire flow standards in the Lake County Subdivision Ordinance used as a basis or is the uniform fire code when approving land divisions in Lake County. The City of Lakeport has a fire hydraulic model used to determine adequate fire flows. The City of Clearlake has three domestic water system providers. As an example of local requirements, The Lake County Subdivision Ordinance (Chapter 1.7) includes requirements for various classes of residential property based on residential unit capacity. Depending upon the class of property, the Ordinance specifies fire flow requirements, the types of fire hydrants and spacing required, water quality and water pressure. Section 17.67 specifies requirements for Community Centers, Schools and Commercial Areas. The Ordinance specifies compliance with Public Resources Code 4291 for properties that include buildings and structures in, upon, or adjoining a mountainous area, forest-covered lands, shrub-covered lands, grass-covered lands, or land that is covered with flammable material. There is no reference to fire hazard severity zones or the Uniform Fire Code. Excepting the waiver of PRC 4291 requirements, the Ordinance has provisions for waiver of requirements subject to the judgement of the applicable fire fighting agency and must be consistent with the protection of life and property. Below is a partial list of many of the larger water providers in Lake County and a summary of fire flow testing efforts for each. Very few water providers in Lake County perform testing. 5 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Fire Flow Responses Summary 1. Cobb: Cobb submitted fire flow data prepared by SLCFPD - California Howland 2. Buckingham Park CWD: They do not have equipment to do Fire Flows - Ahimsah Wonderwheel GM 3. HVLCSD - Responded Sept 30, 2024. The HVLCSD does not perform fire flows - Alyssa Gordon 4. LC Special Districts KCWWD and Lake County Water CSA’s Responded October 16, 2024 Robin Borre: staff indicated they do not have readily available information and need clarification on exactly what information is being requested. The County was planning to award a contract for a hydrology study in December which will look at water flows and inform their 5-Year CIP development. 5. LLCWWD: Responded 9.29.2024 Prepares Fire Flow Information Summer Dhalquist 6. Upper Lake CWD: Previously provided Fire Flow Data - Rochelle Henry 7. CCWD: Two attempts to contact: No response 8. Clearlake Oaks Water Two attempts to contact: Fire flows are included in their Water Master Plan last prepared in 2015 and currently being updated. The district is experiencing significant water losses and will have updates when the new master plan is completed. The district uses Clear Lake water to augment fire flow needs. 9. Highlands Water, Konocti CWD, Golden State Water: Responses received for the Clearlake MSR 10. City of Lakeport provided recent pressure and flow data. The City is in the process of updating its master plan which will include hydraulic modeling to allow the city to determine flows throughout its distribution system to assist in effective Planning of the City’s Capital Improvements Plan and new development. 11. Lake Pillsbury Properties Water Company - Lake Pillsbury Ranch community only. In summary, efforts to generate fire flow data in Lake County is very diverse. A few water system providers collect fire flow data. Many agencies do not have the equipment to generate fire flow data. It is unclear if fire flow data generated is consistent with the Uniform Fire Code or local ordinances. There appears to be no consistent protocol with respect to the collection, methodology and public availability of fire flow data. The City of Lakeport and the Clear Lake Oaks Water District are in the process of updating their water master plans that contain fire flow Information and planning. There are a multitude of ways to provide water for large structure fires and wildland fire incidents beyond fire hydrant flows. Available water supply for fire suppression varies based on location and includes such options as large water storage tanks dedicated to firefighting, District-owned water tenders, on-board tanks on fire engines, and other water supplies available for drafting such as pools, ponds, lakes, rivers, and creeks, and small water tanks with fire department hook-ups on private property. It is also common for CAL FIRE resources to support fire districts, such as private water tenders and Air Attack aircraft. There are also some innovative ideas to support water for fire suppression, such as water system interties, portable pumps (producing 2,850 gpm) for pumping raw water from Clear Lake, above ground water systems, and recycled water. 6 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 E. Wildlands and Fire Hazard Severity Zones in Lake County While the ISO system evaluates fire service capabilities of a fire protection agency who normally provide structural fire suppression recent fires in Lake County have been caused in and adjacent to high wildland fire hazard areas in both incorporated and unincorporated areas. Wildfire affects a significant portion of Lake County. Several factors, including topography, weather, and the condition and type of vegetation are factors that may affect severe fire events. The 2024 Calfire mapped State Responsability Areas (SRA) to identify the location of fire hazard severity zones within the County. According to the map below, all Fire agencies in the County are within very high and high fire hazard severity zones. Wildfire hazard severity mapping for incorporated areas is forthcoming. Local Responsibity Areas (LRA) have not yet been mapped. The map below identifies SRA lands but not LRA lands. LRA areas in Lake County include the incorporated areas within the cities of Lakeport and Clearlake. While the fire hazards map is not used for insurance purposes. Insurance companies evaluate wild fire risk using their proprietary methods. 7 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 8 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 F. Ambulance Service in Lake County In the early 1980’s only a few fire departments in Lake County provided full-time Emergency Medical Services (EMS) transport services. The remaining departments provided EMS service as needed when capable resources were available. If not, ambulance services were provided by a local private ambulance service provider. At one point, in Lake County there were three different private providers simultaneously offering EMS transport services, this resulted in a failure of the private providers to sustain a viable business and operations resulting in the local fire districts having to bridge the gaps in service when private providers were unable to maintain a continuity of operation. Over the years, the following private providers operated in Lake County; Clearlake Ambulance, Community Ambulance, Northern Pacific, Lake County Medi-Vac, Nor- Pac, and Redwood Empire Life Support (RELS). Each of these providers struggled to meet the needs of the increasing population and incident responses, including emergency 911 and inter-facility (medical) transports (IFTs). At the same time, our two base hospitals, Adventist Health Hospital Clearlake and Sutter Lakeside Hospital modified their status to Critical Access, which decreased the capabilities of services, beds, equipment, and personnel. The result was that Lake County had two base hospitals offering a decrease in services provided, with a maximum available bed status of twenty-five each. This resulted in an increase in the amount IFTs out of the Lake Operational Area to facilities as far away as San Francisco, for specialized and/or higher level of care. From approximately 1986 through March 22, 2004, RELS went from three or four ambulances providing emergency 911 and Inter-facility (medical) transfer (IFT) services, to only two and at times no ambulances available for service. This resulted in the fire districts that provided ambulance services to assist in coordinating the increased needs within their communities and those around them. This was accomplished through mutual aid and other service modifications within the fire districts for the period of time when a private provider was unavailable. In some instances, this spanned 24-hours. Other issues included vehicle and equipment failures, which occurred frequently with the private provider. From 1986 through March 22, 2004, the Lake County Emergency Medical Care Committee (EMCC) received an increase in complaints from base hospitals, community leaders, citizens, and fire districts regarding the lack of continuity of ambulance services provided to Lake County by the private provider. On March 22, 2004 at 2:15, Redwood Empire Life Support (RELS) contacted local fire districts to advise them they were no longer going to provide service to Lake County, and would be ceasing operations in 15 minutes. An example of the impact to this action was the Lake County Fire Protection District was forced required to take immediate action as the district responded to approximately 38% of the entire County calls for service. At this time the Lake County Fire Protection District was limited on Advanced Life Support personnel, equipment, supplies and transport unit resources. The District initiated an emergency declaration based on an EMS division implementation plan that had been developed and revised several times over the period of 1997-2004 due to the 9 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 instability of RELS within the district. The emergency declaration provided latitude to employee personnel and to procure equipment and supplies to support complete EMS operations. Similar actions were conducted by the other fire districts within Lake County to meet the emergency within the County. Within 15 minutes RELS employees were contacted and immediately employed by the fire districts of Lake County. The fire districts assessed and discussed equipment and supply issues amongst one another, to ensure there was a continuity of operation countywide. This transition was seamless and without incident. The communities served were unaware of the transition that had occurred, but moreover, it had increased and enhanced the capabilities of local fire districts in Lake County. Each of the districts pursued grants; general budget funds and other avenues to sustain enhance and expand all hazard capabilities to the citizens of Lake County. For the fire districts of Lake County, up to 80% of the incidents are EMS based, and have become a standard of goals and objectives the districts strive to maintain. Since the transition on March 22, 2004, the fire districts of Lake County have increased their resource capabilities and services they provide. The LCFCA now staff a minimum of 7 - 9 emergency 911 ambulances (24/7/365), to support the 911 calls for service. KFPD provides one ambulance when staffing permits to the two base hospitals transferring patients out of the county for specialized and/or higher level of care. The LCFCA have established user agreements for non-county resources to augment local resources to support the IFT program. The fire districts of Lake County have a total of 18 ambulances available to be staffed in the event of an emergency and/or disaster, whether it is of natural and/or manmade occurrences. This has been executed in several countywide functional exercises in 2007, 2008 and 2010, as well as an actual incident response to Colusa County for a multi-casualty tour bus collision. Lake County deployed nine fully equipped and staffed ambulances through a mutual aid request to the Lone Star incident while still maintaining 13 ambulances within the Lake County. An after- action report was produced to support the response. EMS is a major component of the services provided through the local fire districts. It is completely supported by a comprehensive mutual aid agreement through the Lake County Fire Chief’s Association. These same resources are utilized to support all types of emergency response operations as needed countywide. The County’s Inter-Facility Transfer IFT program is operated by the Kelseyville Fire Protection District and is coordinated separately from their emergency 911 operations. “The County’s 911 EMS system is operational 24/7/365 and is supported by on-duty, off-duty, and part-time personnel”. At no time are emergency 911 resources decreased to support ITF operations. Revenues generated by EMS services have become an integral component to annual operating budgets of the Fire Protection Districts and are managed by the individual fire chief of each fire department in Lake County. These services as well as other services provided are overseen by the fire district Boards of Directors. The revenues realized through the EMS system are utilized for the sustainability; enhancement and expansion of services provided for landowners, residents, communities, and visitors of Lake County. As such, fire districts of Lake County serve as patient advocates and are continuously 10 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 striving to increase and enhance pre-hospital services provided to Lake County citizens through a continuous quality improvement program to ensure quality assurance and quality improvement is accomplished through previously developed an evaluation process and implementation of improvements, as needed. The fire districts develop and assist in the implementation of increased/expanded services provided to Lake County residents and landowners. For example, the use of 12-lead cardiac monitors in the field resulted in patients immediately transported via air ambulance to a cardiac facility for further treatment, resulting in a decrease in long-term cardiac damage. Another program is the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), which is similar to what is utilized in homes to address sleep apnea conditions. The CPAP device is placed on the patient with acute and chronic lung conditions in the field. The outcome is 90% or more of these patients are released from the emergency hospital department within 12-18-hours, as opposed to an extended hospital stay and placement on ventilators for recovery purposes for patients not receiving immediate CPAP treatment. The fire districts of Lake County strive to sustain, enhance, and expand the best possible service to the communities we serve. However, this can be jeopardized if any portion of the existing EMS infrastructure is compromised by external influences. External influences entering this now stable environment could result in an implosion of all 911, fire, rescue, and EMS services the fire districts of Lake County provide, due to a loss of revenue. Fire districts in Lake County have conducted an assessment and have determined that in the event districts were to lose a portion of the emergency 911 transport privileges, there would be a resultant loss of approximately 24-full time and/or part- time personnel based on the impact and revenue loss. This would drastically impact current and future service to Lake County communities as well as increases Insurance Service Organization (ISO) ratings, which in turn means higher insurance rates and the possibility of inability to obtain residential fire insurance for Lake County landowners and residents. In order to maintain the current level of service of fire and EMS services in terms of reliability and coverage for all residents and landowners of Lake County, the County should support the provision of ambulance services to be provided by local fire protection districts within Lake County. The fire districts in Lake County are working on an updated assessment which is anticipated to be adopted in the near term. An ordinance will be adopted to implement the updated assessment. 11 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 NEXT MSR/SOI UPDATE INFORMATION NEEDS The purpose of the following summary is to note for the record the information that the Commission requested at workshops, but was not able to be addressed or included in this report, so that it can be revisited during the next Fire Protection Districts MSR/SOI Update. Items not available in this report: a) The Northshore FPD ISO report is not included in this report. b) Only South Lake FPD provided fire hydrant flows data (2014). c) None of the Fire Districts provided their previous ISO report for comparison. Lake Pillsbury FPD provided their prior three ISO ratings for comparison. d) Lake County FPD and Lake Pillsbury FPD provided the percentage of medical-related calls, which is often significantly higher than fire-related calls. Items to address in the future: 1) Request information from Fire Districts regarding their strategic plan to enhance their current ISO score, and if it is not available, encourage the Districts to make a plan and share it with the public. 2) Continue to encourage all Fire Districts to post the current ISO report on their website for public transparency. 3) Evaluate the level of severity of fire flow issues in impacted communities and how this gap in the provision of fire services is being specifically handled by impacted fire agencies. 4) Provide recent fire hydrant flows data within the District service areas. 5) Request the current and previous ISO reports for comparison to determine if the District is making progress, stagnant, or even going backwards. 6) Address the cost to increase the level of fire services and identify available fire funding sources. 7) Provide information about the portion of services calls that are medical/EMS in nature, and clarify whether health insurance companies reimburse enough to cover EMS call costs. 12 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 13 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 G. Financial Challenges facing Lake County Fire Agencies Fire districts in California, and Lake County in particular, face systemic challenges in balancing revenue and expenditures. Fire district funding was primarily based on a share of the property tax; as limitations on property tax have manifested over time, the districts have come to increasingly rely on voter-approved taxes to bridge the gap between revenue and expenditures. Some of the independent districts in Lake County have enacted two or even three rounds of taxes. There exist significant differences in the allocation of property tax share to the districts, and vast differences in the levels of taxes. Totals for taxes range from zero to $236 annually in the fire districts. Many fire agencies do not have special taxes due to the reluctance of voters to approve such measures. California’s property tax system is based on a constitutional amendment adopted in 1978 known as Proposition 13. Under this law, all property has an established base year value that restricts assessment increases to a maximum of 2% each year. The base year value stays in effect until the property changes ownership or new construction is added. Therefore, it is important to consider that increases in annual property tax growth are limited and should not be expected to exceed 3% to 4% in normal years. It is also worth noting that many districts have elected to receive 100% of the annual tax under the Teeter Plan, foregoing any penalties and interest on delinquent tax receipts. After Proposition 13 was approved by voters in 1978, the State Legislature adopted AB-8, which implemented the provisions of Proposition 13. AB-8 essentially froze the districts’ property tax allocations at their 1978 levels in perpetuity. The lasting effect is that a fire district that had a volunteer workforce in 1978 is still funded at a level that would support a volunteer workforce today. As voluntarism declined, districts were forced to hire paid staff to preserve their ability to provide service. The property tax allocations soon became insufficient; one by one the fire districts sought voter approval for special taxes and assessments. Taking the County as a whole, there is not a direct correlation between the amount of tax and the level of service. The following chart illustrates the funding sources for each of the study agencies, including the various zones within the agency boundaries. Fire District Funding Matrix 2024-2025 District or Zone Name* AB- Allocation Factor Loss due to ERAF Special Taxes Clearlake Oaks .00487019 - $ 45,046.63 $60 Lucerne P& R .00317433 - $ 27,107.98 $60 Upper Lake Fire .00298347 - $ 37,684.77 $52.50 Nice CSD .00270789 - $ 17,254.85 45 Kelseyville Fire .02040862 - $ 226,364.86 0 Lakeport Fire .01267878 - $ 201,302.43 0 14 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lakeshore Fire .01247249 - $ 92,165.61 $147.90 + cpi Lower Lake Fire .00341578 - $ 50,594.42 $147.90 + cpi South Lake Co. Fire .01899236 - $ 321,635.89 $236.00 + cpi Lake Pillsbury Fire n/a n/a $60.00 devp parcel and $18 undevp TOTAL: - $ 926,991.83 • CLO, Lucerne P & R, Upper Lake Fire and Nice CSD = Northhore FPD • Lakeshore Fire, and Lower Lake Fire = The Lake County FPD As is the case with most fire districts in California, Lake County’s independent fire districts were historically staffed by volunteers. The districts had very low costs, and the locally elected Boards of Directors typically kept property tax rates as low as possible. That has all changed due to pressures from the state to have paid fire fighters, increased training requirements, population growth, costs of equipment, increased regulation, liability and increasing standards to mention a few. Speaking broadly, California’s (and Lake County’s) once-rural, volunteer fire districts have adapted to these challenges by seeking additional revenue sources, by sharing resources, by consolidating or contracting for service, by reducing services (closing stations) and in an increasing number of cases, dissolving. Pressed by increased expectations for service and by increases in equipment and labor costs that far exceed growth in revenue, the districts collectively have reached the point where additional revenue must be found to avoid collapse. ERAF and Proposltion 172 Beginning in 1992/1993, the State began shifting property tax revenue away from cities, counties, and special districts and placing it in the Educational Revenue Augmentation Fund (ERAF). The ERAF shifts are calculated each fiscal year by the Auditor/Controller in accordance with state law and are audited periodically by the state. The ERAF shift grows as a function of the growth in property tax receipts. Statewide, ERAF represents a permanent funding loss to California’s fire protection districts of over $94 million per year (2022) and around 1 million in Lake County. Speaking broadly, California’s (and Lake County’s) once-rural, volunteer fire districts have adapted to these challenges by seeking additional revenue sources, by sharing resources, by consolidating or contracting for service, by reducing services (closing stations) and in an increasing number of cases, dissolving. As previously mentioned, increased expectations for service and increases in equipment and labor costs that far exceed growth in revenue, the districts collectively have reached the point where additional revenue must be found to avoid collapse. The following table illustrates the amount of property tax allocated to various local fire agencies in Lake County. As noted the shift to ERAF from the fire districts is significant totaling about 1 million dollars annually. Lake 15 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Pillsbury Fire receives no property tax money therefore there is no ERAF shift for that district. Fire District AB-8 Funding Matrix 24/25-ERAF Shift Name of Jurisdiction Gross Allocation Shift to ERAF 24/25 Net ERAF AB8 Annual 24/25 Net ERAF Allocation Growth Allocation Clearlake Oaks Fire 500,441.29 -45,046.63 455,394.66 23,518.20 478,912.86 Lucerne Park and Rec. 326,426.63 -27,107.89 299,318.74 12,831.23 312,149.97 Upper Lake Fire 321,448.76 -37,684.77 283,763.09 9,617.26 293,381.25 Nice Community Services 285,490.02 -17,254.85 268,235.17 13.50 268,248.67 TOTAL Northshore FPD 14,33806.67 -127,094.14 1,306,711.66 45,980.19 1,352,692.75 Kelseyville Fire 2,155,399.45 -226,364.59 1,959,034.59 77,859.321 2,006,893.91 Lakeport Fire 1,402,899.49 -201,597.06 1,201,302.43 45,473.12 1,246,775.55 Lakeshore Fire 1,274,441.62 -92,165.61 1,182,276.00 44,213.58 1,226,489.58 Lower Lake Fire 374,342.44 -50,564.42 323,868.02 12,024.74 335,892.76 TOTAL Lake Co. FPD 1,648,784.06 142,730.03 1,506,144.02 56,238.32 1,562,382.34 South Lake County Fire 2,067,120.72 -312,635.89 1,754,484.83 113,141.18 1,867,626.01 Lake Pillsbury Fire - No property tax allocation In the past fire districts had very low costs, and the locally elected Boards of Directors typically kept property tax rates as low as possible. Volunteers for fire suppression have increasingly become more difficult to retain due to increased training standards and regulations. Volunteers are generally not qualified and do not have certifications for medical responses. 16 LAKE LAFCO Fir e Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Proposition 172 Local agencies throughout the State lost significant property tax revenue due to this shift, Proposition 172 was enacted to help offset property tax revenue losses of cities and counties that were shifted to the ERAF for schools in 1992. Proposition 172, enacted in 1983, provides the revenue of a half-cent sales tax to counties and cities for public safety purposes, including police, fire, district attorneys, corrections and lifeguards. The half-cent sales tax revenue is significantly insufficient to cover the loss to districts from ERAF. The Board of Supervisors adopted a resolution allocating the half-cent sales tax revenue to various public safety functions but failed to allocated funds to fire and EMS agencies in the County. Proposition 172 also requires cities and counties to continue providing public safety funding at or above the amount provided in FY 92-93. Lake County is in the process of preparing an updated General Plan to guide the County through 2050. County population projections will be included in the General Plan update. Since Fire Protection, EMS and public safety have been identified as one of the most significant issues in the County planning for additional resources are necessary and need to be consistent with the County’s general plan once completed. A signal could be sent to fire and EMS agencies by allocating additional financial resources could funded by prop 172 funds albeit the amount of 172 funds that could be allocated are dwarfed by the amount of funds (ERAF) taken by the state to fund its obligation to fund the schools. Financial Health Summary All the fire districts in Lake County are struggling financially to some degree. This is a common theme across California’s fire districts that is especially acute among rural fire districts. A sharp decline in the availability of volunteers and steep increases in the costs of personnel, goods, and services have costs rising much faster than revenue. Few of the fire districts in Lake County have received voter approval for supplemental taxes, but funds derived are not sufficient to keep pace with rising costs. Fire district funding is uneven and inequitable, both in terms of supplemental and base supplemental property tax funding. The inequity in the distribution of property tax revenue has led to disparity in taxes; the result is property owners across the unincorporated areas contributing wildly differing amounts to fund fire services. These funding challenges directly lead to a fire service that is significantly understaffed in the unincorporated areas. Two-person crews are the norm; the commonly accepted industry standard is a three-person engine company. Mutual aid agreements and automatic aid arrangements are in place between fire agencies in the county to facilitate resource sharing and response to service calls in adjacent jurisdictions. 6 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 12 LAKE LAFCO Fir e Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 However, the lack of written policies and standards for staffing, equipment, training and the absence of Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) hinders the ability to fully capitalize on a closest- resource “boundary-drop” system. GENERAL FIRE PROTECTION AND EMS MSR DETERMINATIONS 1. Growth and Population Projections for Lake County: Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. a. Lake County Population Projections According to the State Department of Finance, Lake County’s population on January 1st, 2023 was 66,698. On January 1st 2024 population in Lake County was 67,001. The population increase for this period was .5 per cent signaling a slow growth. The current population in Lake County is above the estimates based on 2020 Census data when the state estimated a population of 65,908 signaling the county had lost population in recent years but is now growing at a rate above state growth estimates. b. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections MSR A1) The population of Lake County is growing faster than state growth estimates signaling increase fire and EMS resources will be required in the future. MSR A2) Lake County is in the process of preparing an updated General Plan to guide the County through 2050. County population projections will be included in the General Plan. Since Fire Protection, EMS and public safety is a significant issue planning for additional resources is necessary and made consistent with the County’s general plan once completed. Additional resources should be funded by an equitable share prop 172 funds given the funding constraints in using other revenue sources and the County’s commitment to support Fire and EMS services. MSR A3 Should the revised county general plan be adopted designating and (or) revising existing “Community Development Areas (CDA’s)” Mapping should be concurrently completed illustrating the relationship between the CDA’s and adopted and current Fire Agency Spheres of Influence. 2. Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent agency. a. Determination of Lake County’s Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status 6 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 12 LAKE LAFCO Fir e Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Using the most recent American Community Survey data (2022), the median household income in California is $91,905. Eighty percent of the State Median Household income is $73, 524. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for Lake County was $56,259 determining Lake County is a disadvantaged community. The County is identified in the California Department of Water Resource’s mapping tool as disadvantaged. Many areas in Lake County are considered severely disadvantaged (60 6 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 12 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protect ion Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 percent of the State median household income) for example, Clearlake, Kelseyville and Spring Valley Census Designated Places. In many areas income surveys may be needed to determine disadvantaged status. This is important since disadvantaged status is required to be competitive for grant funding. b. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities MSR A3) Lake County is a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community because the Median Household Income ($56,259) is significantly lower than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income of $73,524. MSR A4) All fire agencies in Lake County need to coordinate with Lake County, its risk reduction authority, and the Cities of Clearlake and Lakeport, as necessary, to secure grant funding for fire suppression and EMS related purposes. 3. Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 7 a. Infrastructure Inadequate water for fire suppression occurs or may occur in the County as identified in this MSR. Not all water providers are eligible for grants to improve water systems since they are private entities such as utilities or mutual water providers. This may result in fire suppression limitations and lower ISO evaluations. There appears to be no established protocols in the County for conducting fire flow tests. Many water agencies neither have the expertise or equipment to continuously conduct such fire flow tests. In addition to fire suppression standards the County’s land division ordinance requires basic fire flows in its subdivision ordinance for new land development and in many cases planning permits do not specify the requirement for fire flows. It is difficult to discern when fire flow testing is a requirement. Not all fire districts look at their stations in the same way. For example, Lakeport says they have one station, but they have more than one (this is the active main station on Main Street). However, the district has a second station in North Lakeport. Likewise, Lake County Fire District has 6 stations with two stations that are not staffed with personnel such as Pine Dell and the Airport station. 7 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 13 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protect ion Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 b. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Lake County MSR A5) Many water providers have neither marginally adequate equipment and staff to continuously provide for adequate fire suppression. Many of the ISO reports indicate a loss in points due to water supply issues. Most fire suppression agencies have water tenders to help mitigate these problems. 7 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 13 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR A6) The water supply, deployment and personnel are major factors in need of improvement as shown in recent ISO reports. These issues can be improved by better water supply, fire flow testing, better inter and intra- agency communications and increased personnel throughout the County. MSR A7) While most fire suppression agencies have relatively acceptable ISO evaluations improvements are continuous and are necessary in light of new development, increasing standards, increasing costs and population increases. MSR A8) Policies, standards and implementation measures including funding options need to be included in the County’s General Plan Update as well as existing city and county general plans. MSR A9) The County, Fire and Water providers need to collaborate to achieve consistent fire flow protocols including timing and standards. This can be accomplished with additional funding such as a portion of the Prop 172 funds, a general fund allocation, grants, or paid for by increases in water billing fees. These three suggestions may be very difficult to accomplish but an effort should be shared by the Cities, County and Fire Agencies. MSR A10 ISO reports are difficult to obtain. Some fire agencies struggle to have public copies available. LAFCo requests all ISO reports current and past be posted on District websites including background information provided to ISO. This will inform the public of any deficiencies or shortcomings the district may have and help prioritize improvements. It should be noted that many items in a MSR report are not under the direct control of a fire agency yet an ISO rating could identify these deficiencies. MSR A11 There are deficiencies in fire flow reporting. All fire flow reports including hydrant data (water flow, pressures and other related information need to be continuously forwarded to LAFCo to keep LAFCo’s Fire Flow data information current. MSR A12 The County and Cities need to be more diligent in ensuring fire flow data is current and kept in a useful form for use by the public and fire agencies. MSR A13 All water providers shall be required to maintain fire flow data and share the data with the fire agencies. Adequate protocols shall be established and used county-wide. MSR A14 Fire Agencies, the Cities and County and water providers having hydrants shall meet to establish consistent fire flow protocols and standards with a goal of ensuring adequate fire flows as required in the current version of the Uniform Fire Code. This data can be used and monitored by land use agencies, developers, the public and fire and water agencies. MSR A15 The LAFCo Commission shall enable the above determinations to be realized by appointing an entity of person to coordinate the gathering of information and implementation of the above. 8 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 14 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR A16 All fire districts in Lake County have at least a main fire station. The districts shall provide LAFCo with information regarding ancillary buildings and other infrastructure under the control of the district. MSR A17 Each of the Fire Agencies have established Emergency Landing zones (ELZ’s) for air ambulance transports. MSR A18 The County needs to provide direction in its General Plan including policies and implementation measures including identification of funding, and follow up sctions regarding the issues addressed in this Service Review. MSR A19 The Commission shall within the constraints of the LAFCo Act and commit to work with the Risk Reduction Authority, the County, the Cities and Fire agencies to help designate agencies lead efforts regarding determinations in this report focusing upon capacity and infrastructure. 4 Financial Ability to Provide Services8 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. a. Financial Considerations for Lake County Fire Suppression and EMS providers Information regarding Budgets and Audits are included in this report and fire agencies have adequate or marginally adequate funding. However, recent budgets indicate financial stress for agencies in light of increasing operational costs, regulations and efforts improvements to improve ISO ratings. As mentioned in this report generally, prior to Proposition 13, fire agencies relied on volunteers and kept budgets and taxes to a minimum while this philosophy was not shared by some other types of districts. Therefore when AB-8 was implemented as a result of Prop 13, fire agencies were allocated low tax revenue in perpetuity today relegating fire agencies to request the voters to pass special taxes (or assessments). In addition fire districts were further stressed by the Educational Relief Augmentation Fund removing approximately one million dollars from fire agency revenue with no prop 172 backfill (although revenue realized from Prop 172 is insufficient to backfill public safety revenue losses in Lake County) Numerous state mandates and rigorous volunteer training requirements for fire districts have increased since Proposition 13. b. MSR Determinations on Financing for Fire Protection and EMS agencies MSR A20) Many Fire and EMS providers have marginally adequate funding for ongoing operations and comply with State regulations regarding financial records. Fire and EMS providers could greatly benefit from an allocation of County and City Prop 172 funds to help fill spending gaps, 8 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 14 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 establish, implement and continuously maintain fire flow standards, and maintain and acquire adequate resources. MSR A21) Fire and EMS funding sources for example could include special taxes, development fees, grants and mitigation fees to support ongoing fire and EMS operations. 8 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 14 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 These types of revenue sources have not been fully utilized in many California counties including Lake County. The new Lake County general plan needs to include action language to support the implementation of additional revenue sources. 5. Opportunities for Shared Facilities9 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. a. Facilities There are numerous fire and EMS resources in Lake County. Adequate, communications equipment and efficient service delivery among all fire and EMS providers. b. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities MSR A22) Fire agencies and staff within Lake County assist one another in providing services through cooperative agreements. MSR A23) While the Lake County Fire Agencies are adequately functioning at this time LAFCo shall remain open to Consolidation efforts. Consolidations will be successful when there is a compelling need and when the Fire Board, Fire Staff and the Public support for consolidating fire agencies given constraints in the LAFCo Act. MSR A24 During Red Flag warnings districts bring in an out of county strike teams or a task force to augment local response resources this is also done during for winter storm events under the OES Mud-Debris Flow program which pre-stages resources for storm related response. MSR A25 The Lake County Fire Chief’s Association have a formal agreement with Yolo, Colusa and Mendocino County for fire and EMS resources which are often used. Lake County fire used this resource four times this fire season. MSR A26 Each of the fire districts (agencies) have multiple response areas, which are Local Response Areas (LRA’s), State Responsibility Areas (SRA’s), Federal Response Areas (FRA’s) and areas that may threaten the State and/or FRA’s known as a Mutual Threat Zone (MTZ). 6. Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies10 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation 16 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. a. Government Structure The Fire providers have Boards of Directors meeting regularly which are open to the public. b. MSR Determinations on Government Structure. MSR A27) The fire agencies have boards of directors and a chief managing the affairs of the district. MSR A28) The Fire Agencies comply with State financial regulations, have cooperative agreements, perform audits, have acceptable ISO ratings, participate in joint training and the fire chief’s association, and have websites. MSR A29) City and County governments collaborate with other Fire Protection agencies in Lake County. 17 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 3 KELSEYVILLE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT A. Kelseyville Fire Protection District Service Area The Kelseyville Fire Protection District, encompasses 90 square miles and includes the communities of Kelseyville, Soda Bay, Riviera Heights, Buckingham, Riviera West, Konocti Bay and Clearlake Riviera as well as Mt. Hannah. The population of each community is shown below: Soda Bay had 654 water service connections11 and an estimated population of 804 in 2024.12 Riviera Heights has 325 developed lots with an estimated population of 600.13 Buckingham has no population data available. Riviera West has 250 homes with an estimated population of 500.14 Konocti Bay population is included in the Kelseyville population estimate. Clearlake Riviera has 1543 homes with an estimated population of 1000.15 Mt. Hannah has no population data available. Kelseyville has an estimated 2024 population of 3,99916 Kelseyville Community Location Kelseyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County. Kelseyville is located six miles southeast of Lakeport, at an elevation of 1,384 feet. Kelseyville Area History In the centuries before Europeans arrived, the Eastern Pomo and Clear Lake Wappo people lived along the shores of Clear Lake. In addition to the plentiful fish caught in the lake and streams, they hunted waterfowl and gathered berries, seeds, clover and acorn. The Pomo and Wappo built homes and canoes of tule reeds found at the lakeshore. Both Eastern Pomo and Clear Lake Wappo bands lived in the area now designated as Kelseyville, the Pomo concentrated along Kelsey Creek all the way to Cobb Mountain and the Wappo along Cole Creek and on the western slope of Mount Konocti The Kelseyville area was part of the Rancho Lupyomi the land grant Californio Salvador Vallejo, Mariano Guadalupe received in 1844 from the Mexican government. In 1847, Vallejo sold the livestock that had remained in the area to Ben and Andrew Kelsey Charles Stone and E.D. Shirland. Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone forced the local Indians to build them an adobe home about 3 miles (4.8 km) from the south shore of the lake, and immediately west of Kelsey Creek as well as and a large cattle corral. Stone and Kelsey enslaved the Pomo and Wappo people in two fenced camps they couldn't leave, forcing them to work under threat of torture and death. Many native people died of starvation and neglect. 18 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Charles Stone and Andrew Kelsey were reportedly the first Anglo-American colonists in the region arriving in the fall of 1847 to graze cattle and horses purchased from Mexican landholder Salvador Vallejo. This was known as Big Valley Ranch. Kelseyville became the first white settlement in Lake County. The first blacksmith shop was opened by a blacksmith named Benham in 1857. It was not until 1864 that a second business was opened, a store owned by T. F. Fall. That same year, another general store and a boarding house was opened by Rosenbreau and Pace.17 Kelseyville Area Income Data According to the 2018-2022 American Community Survey’s latest 2022 data estimates, the median household income (MHI) in the Kelseyville”s Census Designated Place is $42,880 having a poverty rate of 19.4%.18 US Census Data for 2018-2022 reported that the Median Household Income (MHI) estimate for California is $91,905 with poverty rate was 8.5%. Lake County has an overall 10.2% poverty rate. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income (MHI) is considered disadvantaged and sixty percent of the State MHI is considered severely disadvantaged. Since the Kelseyville CDP MHI is $42,880, it is well below the State threshold MHI (for being identified as disadvantaged) of $73,524 and therefore disadvantaged and is also less than $55,143 to be considered a severely disadvantaged community in California. According to the Department of Water Resources Disadvantaged Mapping tool, the community of Kelseyville is considered a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC). Kelseyville Area Schools19 The Kelseyville Unified School District operates the following schools serving 1,849 students:20 Kelseyville Elementary School 5065 Konocti Road, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 279-4232, Fax: (707) 279-8748 Riviera Elementary School 10505 Fairway Drive, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 277-6050, Fax: (707) 277-6060 Mountain Vista Middle School 5081 Konocti Road, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 279-4060, Fax: (707) 279-8835 Kelseyville High School 5480 Main Street, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 279-4923, Fax: (707) 279-9173 17 Aurelius O. Carpenter; Percy H. Millberry (1914). History of Mendocino and Lake Counties, California: With Biographical Sketches of the Leading, Men and Women of the Counties who Have Been Identified with Their Growth and Development from the Early Days to the Present. Historic record Company. p. 778. 18 worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/kelseyville-ca-population, March 16, 2024. 19 Kelseyville Unified School District, Schools • Page - Kelseyville Unified School District (kvusd.org), March 22, 2024. 19 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 20 Kelseyville ca schools number of students - Search (bing.com), March 22, 2024. 20 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Kelseyville Alternative Education 4410 Konocti Road, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 279-1511, Fax: (707) 279-9221 Kelseyville Learning Academy 4410 Konocti Road, Kelseyville, CA 95451, Phone: (707) 279-8414 Kelseyville Fire Protection District Overview The Kelseyville Fire Protection District is an independent special district located in Kelseyville, CA. The District provides a full range of fire protection, fire suppression, fire safety, emergency medical response, rescue and extrication, containment and mitigation of hazardous materials exposure, and other life safety services (the “Services”) on the south shore of Clear Lake, including the communities of Kelseyville, Clear Lake Riviera, Riviera Heights, Riviera West, Buckingham, and Soda Bay in the unincorporated portion of the County of Lake. The District’s service area covers approximately 100 square miles and has approximately 12,000 residents. The District is governed by a five-member Board of Directors (the “Board”) and a career Fire Chief. The Board and Fire Chief are responsible for strategic planning, policy development, and approval of capital expenditures. The District employs 14 full-time equivalent employees and has 1 volunteer staff member based at two fire stations. The District maintains a website: kelseyvillefire.com as required by State law. Kelseyville FPD Mission Statement The mission statement for the Kelseyville Fire Protection District is as follows: “The Mission of Kelseyville Fire Protection District is to serve and protect its community with pride, honor, compassion, professionalism and integrity through excellent customer service. Our commitment to our citizens encompasses fire, rescue, ems services and public education.” Kelseyville FPD Contact Information Contact information for the Kelseyville FPD is as follows: Physical Address: Kelseyville Fire Protection District, 4020 Main Street, Kelseyville, CA 95451 Mailing Address: Kelseyville Fire Protection District, 4020 Main Street, Kelseyville, CA 95451-0306 Phone: 707-279-4268 Fax: 707-279-4422 E-Mail: knavarro@kelseyvillefire.com Kelseyville FPD Board of Directors The members of the Kelseyville FPD Board of Directors are as follows: Beau-Jean Maddox Term ends 2024 Mario Villalobos Term ends 2026 Michele Rohner Term ends 2026 21 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Paul Lauenroth Term ends 2026 Steven Brookes Term ends 2024 The Kelseyville Fire Protection District Board of Directors meets at Station 55, 4020 Main Street, Kelseyville, on the third Wednesday of each month at 9 am. Meeting agendas and board meeting calendar can be found at www.kelseyvillefire.com Kelseyville FPD Personnel Kelseyville Fire employs thirteen (13) full-time personnel as well as one (1) volunteer to accomplish its Mission. Joey P. Huggins is the Fire Chief. Staffing is provided for fire prevention, training, communications, and two (2) Fire Stations. The Auxiliary volunteers have a separate organization with separate funds. Kelseyville FPD Stations and Equipment The Kelseyville Fire Protection District has two stations as follows: Station 55 (Headquarters Station) 4020 Main Street, Kelseyville, CA, 95451 Station 56 9757 Soda Bay Road, Kelseyville, CA 95451 The District operates two (2) engine companies, two (2) medic- two (2) stations, 24-hours a day, 365 days a year. The department cross staffs across all of the equipment. The list of vehicles insured for the Kelseyville Fire Protection District is as follows: Kelseyville Fire Protection District Apparatus and Vehicles 2023-24 Year Make Type Replacement Cost 2015 International Engine $350,000 2019 Ferrara Engine $650,000 2022 Ferrara Engine $300,000 2001 Pierce Engine $650,000 2022 USFP Tender $550,000 2022 LifeLine Ambulance $250,000 2015 LifeLine Ambulance $250,000 Kelseyville FPD Water Supply The Lake County Housing Element describes the Kelseyville County Waterworks District #3 water system as follows:21 Kelseyville County Waterworks District #3: The Kelseyville water system was originally constructed in the late 1960’s. The water system obtains water from four (4) wells. The Kelseyville Water system serves the downtown and surrounding residential areas of Kelseyville. Recent upgrades to the system (new well and storage tank) as well as an intertie with the Finley Water System (CSA #6) were completed in 2006. The system consists of 1267 service connections22 with over 21 Lake County Housing Element 2019-2027 Page 4-6. 22 County of Lake, Special Districts, April 8, 2024, scott.hornung@lakecountyca.gov 22 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 29,000 feet of distribution pipeline, and one (1) 1,000,000 gallon storage tank, and two (2) 250,000 gallon storage tanks. The expansion of the supply and treatment capabilities within the Kelseyville water system have been the primary focus within the system and those goals were successfully completed. Future improvement goals to the distribution system (mainly piping and looping) are needed in the near term for the existing customer base and reasonable future growth. In order to comply with the conditions of the USDA/RUS loan that funded the water system improvements in 2006, connections to the Kelseyville water system are mandatory for new construction. Kelseyville FPD Calls The following table shows the Kelseyville Fire Protection District calls for 2020-2022. The medical calls are 79% of the total calls. This is typical for most fire districts. KELSEYVILLE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT SERVICE CALLS SUMMARY 2020-2022 TYPE 2020 2021 2022 TOTAL % of TOTAL FIRE 63 69 71 203 2.73% RESCUE AND EMS 2,194 1,938 1,739 5,871 78.99% HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS 41 66 49 156 2.10% SERVICE CALLS 139 134 157 430 5.79% GOOD INTENT CALLS 211 197 209 617 8.30% FALSE ALARM/FALSE CALL 64 46 41 151 20.3% SPECIAL INCIDENT 1 4 0 5 0.07% TOTAL 2,713 2,454 2,266 7,433 100.00% Kelseyville FPD Budget The Kelseyville FPD keeps all funds with the Lake County Auditor and pays the bills through the County Claims process. Kelseyville FPD Budget 2023-2024 REVENUE 2022-23 ACTUALS 2023-24 BUDGET Property Tax-Current Secured $1,777,759.89 $1,765,150.00 Property Tax-Current Unsecured $37,926.34 $42,727.00 Property Tax-Supplemental 813 Current $31,352.90 $30,000.00 Property Tax-Supplemental 813 - Prior $7,820.60 $7,585.00 Property Tax-Prior Unsecured $2,252.57 $2,100.00 Other Permits $16,488.50 $15,000.00 Interest $22,740.17 $20,000.00 HOPTR $14,224.88 $13,000.00 Other Government Agencies $82,173.39 $0.00 Charges for Services-Plan Checks $19,790.00 $15,000.00 Charges for Services-Fire Recovery $8,268.79 $0.00 Institutional Care & Services (Ambulance) $1,815,201.47 $800,000.00 Other-Charges for Services $109,775.35 $0.00 23 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Other Current Services-Fire Protection $183,026.50 $180,000.00 Sale of Fixed Assets $32,500.00 $10,300.00 Other Revenue-MISCELLEANEOUS $4,300.35 $4,000.00 Canceled Checks $848.27 $0.00 Insurance Rebate $5,584.70 $0.00 Operating Transfers-IN $62,517.00 $37,000.00 Revenue Total $4,239,552 $2,941,862 24 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Kelseyville FPD Budget 2023-2024 APPROPRIATIONS 22/23 ACTUALS 23/24 BUDGET Salaries & Wages-Permanent $1,173,432.81 $1,400,000.00 Salaries & Wages-Extra Help $111,566.80 $70,000.00 Salaries & Wages-Overtime $285,851.95 $200,000.00 Salaries & Wages-Other $0.00 $0.00 Retirement-FICA District Share $24,366.37 $22,000.00 Retirement-PERS Employee Share $1,554.76 $20,000.00 Retirement-PERS District Employer Share $577,037.83 $656,500.00 Employee Group Ins District Share $275,824.05 $350,000.00 Unemployment Ins District Share $0.00 $5,000.00 Worker's Comp $161,112.00 $166,000.00 Clothing and Personal Supplies $35,259.73 $36,200.00 Communications $94,455.94 $103,676.00 Household Expense $9,845.05 $15,000.00 Insurance Other $44,249.02 $50,000.00 Maintenance-Equipment $56,870.30 $85,000.00 Maintenance-Buildings & Improvements $19,459.52 $12,900.00 Memberships $6,880.80 $11,030.00 Office Supplies $3,650.53 $3,000.00 Postage $783.29 $750.00 Books & Periodicals $98.65 $200.00 Professional & Specialized Services $147,966.23 $137,756.00 Publications & Legal Notices $22.66 $250.00 Small Tools & Instruments $6,346.25 $5,000.00 Special Departmental-Supplies & Services $38,415.15 $39,600.00 Ambulance Expense $404,365.15 $70,000.00 Transportation & Travel $89,149.87 $105,000.00 Utilities $33,506.33 $40,000.00 Inventory Items $29,954.69 $20,145.00 Principal & Interest Notes & Loans $541,509.49 $163,500.00 Taxes & Assessments $1,011.91 $1,442.00 FA - Buildings & Improvements $76,016.47 $37,000.00 FA-Other $96,769.00 $195,000.00 Expenditures/appropriations Total $4,343,223 $4,021,949 Net Cost $103,671 $1,080,087 25 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Kelseyville FPD Audit23 A budget is a plan for spending, an audit shows actual funds spent. A. Net Assets The Kelseyville FPD Audit showed the following Net Assets for the year ending June 30, 2023. Kelseyville FPD Modified Cash Basis Statement of Net Assets, June 30, 202324 Total Governmental Activities Assets Cash and Investments (governmental funds) $3,017,782 Capital assets Non-depreciable 156,285 Depreciable, net 2,957,975 Total Capital Assets* 3,114,260 TOTAL ASSETS 6,132,042 Deferred Outflows of Resources Deferred pension adjustments 2,143,878 Liabilities Long term liabilities Due within one year 218,423 Due in more than one year 400,201 Net pension liability 4,718,592 TOTAL LIABILITIES 5,337,216 Deferred Inflows of Resources Deferred pension adjustments 574,141 Total Deferred Inflows of Resources 574,141 Net Position Invested in capital assets 2,714,006 Restricted for capital improvement 252,096 Unrestricted (601,539) TOTAL NET POSITION $2,364,563 *Capital assets used in governmental activities are not financial resources and therefore are not reported in the governmental funds balance sheets. ** Liabilities may include Loans payable, Capital leases payable, and compensated absences of employees. 23 Kelseyville FPD, Audit for the Year Ended June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell, Certified Public Accountants, 1425 Butte House Road, Yuba City CA 95993, Phone: 530-673-9790, Fax: 530-673-1305, January 30, 2024. 24 Kelseyville FPD, Audit for the Year Ended June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell, Certified Public Accountants, 1425 Butte House Road, Yuba City CA 95993, Phone: 530-673-9790, Fax: 530-673-1305, January 30, 2024, Page 4. 26 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 B. Cash and Investments Cash and investments as of June 30, 2023 were are follows:25 Cash: Cash on hand $100 Deposits (less outstanding checks) 5,200 Total Cash 5,300 Investments: Lake County treasurer’s pool 3,012,482 Total Investments $3,012,482 Total Cash and Investments $3,017,782 C. Employees’ Retirement Plan26 The Kelseyville FPD contributes to the California Public Employees Retirement System (PERS), an agent multiple-employer public employee defined benefit plan. PERS provides retirement and disability benefits, annual cost-of-living adjustments, and death benefits to plan members and beneficiaries. PERS acts as a common investment and administrative agent for participating public entities within the State of California. Benefit provisions and all other requirements are established by statute. Copies of PERS annual financial report may be obtained from their Executive Office at 400 Q Street, Lincoln Plaza East, Sacramento CA 95811. D. Joint Agencies The District is a participant in Fire District’s Association of California - Fire Agencies Self Insurance System (FDAC-FASIS), the purpose of which is to provide workers’ compensation benefits to each member agency including claims administration and program administration. FDAC-FASIS is composed of approximately 200 members and is governed by a board of directors appointed by the members. Complete financial information can be obtained from the Association office at 700 R Street, Suite 200, Sacramento, CA 95811. The District is not financially accountable for this organization and therefore it is not a component unit under Statement Nos. 14, 39 and 61 of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. E. Risk Management The District is exposed to various risks of loss related to torts; theft of, damage to, and destruction of assets; errors and omissions; injuries to employees; and natural disasters. The District has joined together with other fire districts in the state to participate in Fire District’s Association of California - Fire Association Self Insurance System. This joint venture is a public entity risk pool which serves as a common risk management and insurance program for workers compensation coverage for member fire districts. The District pays an annual premium to the joint venture for its insurance coverage. The agreement with the joint venture provides that they will be self-sustaining through member premiums and will reinsure through commercial companies for excess coverage. The District continues to carry commercial insurance for all other risks of loss. Settled claims resulting from these risks have not exceeded commercial insurance coverage in any of the past three fiscal years. 25Kelseyville FPD, Audit for the Year Ended June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell, Certified Public Accountants, 1425 Butte House Road, Yuba City CA 95993, Phone: 530-673-9790, Fax: 530-673-1305, January 30, 2024, Page 15. 26Kelseyville FPD, Audit for the Year Ended June 30, 2012, Prepared by Smith & Newell, Certified Public Accountants, 1425 Butte House Road, Yuba City CA 95993, Phone: 530-673-9790, Fax: 530-673-1305, April 10, 2013, Pages 20-21. 27 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 F. Commitments and Contingencies There are potential claims and legal actions pending against the District for which no provisions have been made in the financial statements. In the opinion of the District management and legal counsel, liabilities arising from these claims and legal actions, if any, either will not be material or cannot be estimated at this time. Management has evaluated events subsequent to June 30, 2023 through January 22, 2024, the date on which the financial statements were available for issuance. Management has determined no subsequent events requiring disclosure have occurred. ISO Rating Kelseyville FPD ISO Rating for Kelseyville FPD ISO concluded its review of the fire suppression features being provided for Kelseyville FPD. The resulting community classification is class 04/4Y.27 The ratings for each category are shown below: Kelseyville Fire Protection District Fire Service Rating Feature Earned Credit Credit Available Emergency Communications 414. Credit for Emergency Reporting 3.00 3 422. Credit for Telecommunications 3.71 4 432. Credit for Dispatch Circuits 2.91 3 440. Credit for Emergency Communications 9.62 10 Fire Department 513. Credit for Engine Companies 5.05 6 523. Credit for Reserve Pumpers 0.50 0.50 532. Credit for Pump Capacity 3.00 3 549. Credit for Ladder Service 1.09 4 553. Credit for Reserve Ladder and Service Trucks 0.40 0.50 561. Credit for Deployment Analysis 4.44 10 571. Credit for Company Personnel 5.06 15 581. Credit for Training 3.49 9 730. Credit for Operational Considerations 2.00 2 590. Credit for Fire Department 25.03 50 Water Supply 616. Credit for Supply System 22.56 30 621. Credit for Hydrants 2.58 3 631. Credit for Inspection and Flow Testing 1.40 7 640. Credit for Water Supply 26.53 40 Divergence -3.25 - 1050. Community Risk Reduction 3.08 5.50 Total Credit 61.01 105.50 27 ISO Public Protection Classification for Kelseyville FD, April 27, 2020. 28 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 ISO Standards For each category there is an ISO standard. For example, The 2013 Edition of NFPA 1221, Standard for Installation, Maintenance and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, recommends that ninety-five percent of emergency calls shall be answered within 15 seconds, and ninety-nine percent of emergency calls shall be answered within 40 seconds. In addition, NFPA recommends that eighty percent of emergency alarm processing shall be completed within 60 seconds and ninety-five percent of alarm processing shall be completed with 106 seconds of answering the call. 28 Kelseyville received a relatively good score in this category, 9.62 out of 10. Each category has a standard. Some of them require training which rural Fire Protection Districts may not be able to afford. The Districts have to balance the cost of training to fight fires and the cost of training for medical emergencies. The District should post the ISO report on its website. B. KELSEYVILLE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT MSR DETERMINATIONS Growth and Population Projections for the Kelseyville Area29 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. Kelseyville Area Population Projections Kelseyville has a 2024 population of 3,999. Kelseyville is currently growing at a rate of 2.2% annually and its population has increased by 9.35% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 3,657 in 2020. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the Kelseyville Area MSR B1) The population of Kelseyville increased from 2020 to 2024 and it is expected to continue to increase by 2.2% per year, adding approximately 68 people per year. Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) within or Contiguous to Kelseyville30 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent agency. Determination of Kelseyville Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status The average household income in Kelseyville is $52,439 with a poverty rate of 20.53%.31 US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905 and the poverty rate was 12.2%. 28 ISO Public Protection Classification for Kelseyville FD, April 27, 2020, Page 9. 29 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 30 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 31 worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/kelseyville-ca-population, March 16, 2024. 29 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Average Household Income in Kelseyville is less than 80% of the State Median Household Income, Kelseyville would be considered a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC). MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near Kelseyville Fire Protection District MSR B2) Kelseyville is a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community and a Severely Disadvantaged Community since the Median Household Income ($52,439) is significantly lower than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income of $73,524. Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 32 Infrastructure The Lake County Special Districts Department describes the Kelseyville water system as follows: The Kelseyville water system was originally constructed in the late 1960s. The water system obtains water from four wells, which are treated to drinking water standards by disinfection with sodium hypochlorite injection before entering the distribution system and storage tanks. Kelseyville Water system serves the downtown and surrounding residential areas of Kelseyville.33 According to the Kelseyville Fire Protection District, the water system is not adequate to provide sufficient water for fire protection. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Kelseyville Fire Protection District MSR B3) The Kelseyville Fire Protection District has marginally adequate equipment and staff to serve the District. The water supply, deployment and personnel are major factors in need of improvement as shown in the most recent ISO report. MSR B4) The ISO for the Kelseyville Fire Protection District is a 4/4Y. Factors of concern are personnel, deployment and water supply. Financial Ability to Provide Services34 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. 30 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 a. Financial Considerations for Kelseyville Fire Protection District Information regarding the Kelseyville FPD Budget and Audit are included above in this report. The District has had adequate funding, however, the most recent budget indicates financial stress for the district in light of increasing operational costs. b. MSR Determinations on Financing for Kelseyville Fire Protection District MSR B5) The Kelseyville FPD has marginally adequate financing and complies with County and State regulations regarding financial records. In the most recent budget the district is deficit spending and could greatly benefit from an allocation of County Prop 172 funds to fill the spending gap. Opportunities for Shared Facilities35 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. a. Facilities The Kelseyville Fire Protection District maintains two fire stations (Kelseyville and Soda Bay) and has adequate equipment and participates in activities with other fire protection agencies. b. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for Kelseyville Fire Protection District MSR B6) The Kelseyville FPD cooperates with other Fire Protection Districts in Lake County. Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies36 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision- making and management processes. a. Government Structure The Kelseyville FPD has a five-member Board of Directors that meets regularly at the Fire Station. Meetings are open to the public. b. MSR Determinations on Government Structure for Kelseyville Fire Protection District 35 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 36 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 31 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR B7) The Kelseyville Fire Protection District has a five-member Board of Directors. The Board meets regularly at its Fire Station. Meetings are open to the public. MSR B8) The Kelseyville FPD complies with State financial regulations. MSR B9) The Kelseyville FPD works with other Fire Protection Districts in the County. MSR B10) The Kelseyville FPD maintains a website. ISO reports and supporting materials for the Kelseyville FPD should be posted on the website. C. KELSEYVILLE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT SPHERE OF INFLUENCE Recommendation for Kelseyville Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence It is recommended that the Kelseyville Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence be the same as the District boundary. Present and Planned Land Uses in the Kelseyville Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands 1. General Plan and Zoning for the Kelseyville Area The Lake County General Plan allows some growth for the Kelseyville area; however, the actual future growth will depend on water service availability. 2. SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for Kelseyville Fire Protection District SOI B1 Kelseyville is a desirable area for growth; however, actual growth could be limited by water supply and availability. Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the Kelseyville Area37 Municipal Service Background 1. Kelseyville area is dependent on the Kelseyville Fire Protection District for both fire protection and emergency medical services. 2. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for Kelseyville Fire Protection District 40 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 32 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOI B2 The Kelseyville Fire Protection District is needed now and will be needed in the future. SOI B3 The Kelseyville FPD is needed for both medical emergencies and fire protection services. B. Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services38 1. Kelseyville Fire Protection District Capacity Background The capacity of the Kelseyville Fire Protection District is adequate to provide for medical emergency calls. The capacity for firefighting could be limited by inadequate water supply and funding in light of increasing costs. 2. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for Kelseyville Fire Protection District SOI B4 The present and future capacity of the Kelseyville Fire Protection District will be adequate for medical and other emergencies; however, firefighting capacity could be limited by inadequate water supply and funding. Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Kelseyville Fire Protection District39 Kelseyville Community The Kelseyville Community is focused on the Fire Protection District and the School District. Since not all residents have school age children the Fire District is a unifying organization in the area. SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Kelseyville Fire Protection District SOI B5 The Kelseyville Fire Protection District and the volunteers provide a focus for the community. SOI B6 The Kelseyville Fire Protection District maintains a website to keep the community informed about District activities and programs. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status40 a. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities A Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. b. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status 38 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 39 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 40 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 33 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 The average household income in Kelseyville is $52,439 with a poverty rate of 20.53%.41 US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905 and the poverty rate was 12.2%. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Average Household Income in Kelseyville is less than 80% of the State Median Household Income, Kelseyville would be considered a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC). SOI B7 Kelseyville is a DUC based on a low Median Household Income of $52,439 which is less than 80% of the State Median Household Income of $73,524. 34 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 KELSEYVILLE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT R 9 E R 8 E R 7 E 19 20 21 Paradise Valley 24 19 20 24 22 23 29 28 T 14 N Kono Tayee 27 Glenhav 26 e n 25 Clearlak 3 e 0 Oaks 29 30 29 28 27 26 34 32 35 36 31 31 32 Soda Bay R d 3 3 34 35 33 32 36 Buckingham 06 05 04 Finley 03 02 01 06 R 05 iviera 04 Heights 03 02 01 06 05 Soda Bay 11 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 12 07 08 Riviera West 10 17 15 13 18 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 18 17 Kelseyville 20 T 13 N 19 20 21 22 24 19 C 20 l earlake 2 1 R iviera 22 23 24 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 06 06 05 04 03 02 01 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 12 07 08 11 UV 175 17 16 15 14 13 18 T 12 N 21 23 24 19 22 Loch Lomond 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 36 31 32 33 34 35 Hobergs 36 31 32 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 T 11 N 07 Cobb Kelseyville FPD and 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 Sphere of Influence 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 175 21 22 23 24 19 20 Kelseyville Fire Protection District (Sphere of Influence) LAFCo Resolution: 2015-0007 Adopted: July 15, 2015 35 dR sgnirpS dnalhgiH enaL yddaG 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 5 LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT A. Lake County Fire Protection District Area, Size and Location The Lake County Fire Protection District encompasses over 165 square miles of Lake County. The south edge of the District reaches to the northern boundary of the South Lake County FPD, which extends to the Napa county line. To the north, the District contacts the Northshore FPD. To the west of the Lake County Fire District is the Kelseyville Fire Protection District. The Lake County Fire Protection District includes the City of Clearlake and the community of Lower Lake. City of Clearlake Clearlake had a 2020 population of 16,685 which was estimated to have increased to 16,693 in July 2022. The Lake County FPD reports of population of 17,217 for the City of Clearlake. The City of Clearlake Median Household Income in 2022 was $41,047 compared to a Median Household Income for California of $91,905.42 Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Median Household Income for the City of Clearlake is lower than 80% of the State Median Household Income the City population is considered disadvantaged. There are portions within the district that qualify for Severely Disadvantaged Community Status such as the City of Clearlake. Clear Lake Area History Clear Lake may be the oldest lake in North America, with lakes existing at its site for approximately 2.5 million years. Clear Lake originated when a huge landslide dammed the headwaters of Cold Creek, blocking westward water flow into the Russian River. Water filled the level valley. The rising waters eventually found an outlet in Cache Creek, just south of the City of Clearlake which drains eastward to the Sacramento River. The first inhabitants of Clearlake were the Pomo Indians, who named many of the area's features, including Mount Konocti. Beginning in 1821, enslavement and mistreatment by Spanish soldiers and missionaries, Mexican land barons, European settlers, and gold diggers, combined with a lack of natural immunity to European diseases, resulted in a massive wave of deaths. The result of this was massive amounts of land freed up for the white settlers who arrived during the gold rush. The Clearlake post office opened in 1923, "Konocti" then called Clearlake Highlands until incorporation in 1981 when its official name became City of Clearlake. Lower Lake is south of Cache Creek and remains unincorporated. Lower Lake was founded by E. Mitchell in 1858 as Grantville. He built the first house there. The settlement's first post office was opened in 1858. The Lower Lake Stone Jail was built in 1876 in Lower Lake, from locally quarried stone. It is reputedly the smallest jail in the United States Of note, the Lower Lake Schoolhouse built in 1877 has recently been remodeled and is now called the Lower Lake Schoolhouse Museum. 36 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 42 US Census Data, QuickFacts, March 22, 2024. 37 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Community of Lower Lake Lower Lake has a 2024 population of 1,587. Lower Lake is growing at a rate of 9% annually and its population has increased by 49.01% since the most recent census, which showed a population of 1,065 in 2020. The Lake FPD states that the population of Lower Lake is 3,178. The average household income in Lower Lake is $44,456 with a poverty rate of 46.49%. The median age in Lower Lake is 34.7 years, 51.1 years for males, and 30.4 years for females.43 Community Services Konocti Unified School District includes the towns of Clearlake, Clearlake Oaks, and Lower Lake as well as Spring Valley and a portion of Cobb Mountain. There are numerous water service providers. B. Lake County Fire Protection District Lake County FPD Contact Contact information for the Lake County FPD is as follows: Lake County FPD, 14815 Olympic Drive, Clearlake CA 95422 Phone: (707) 994-2170 Fire Chief: William Sapeta Website: www.lakecountyfire.com Lake County FPD Mission Statement The Lake County Fire Protection District Mission Statement is as follows: The primary mission of the Lake County Fire District is to provide a range of programs designed to protect lives and property of the inhabitants therein from the adverse effects of fire, sudden medical emergencies, and or, exposure to dangerous conditions created by man or nature. Disadvantaged Communities According to the 2018-2022 American Community Survey’s latest 2022 data estimates, the median household income (MHI) in the Clearlake and Lower Lake Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are $41,047 and $35,930 respectively. With a poverty rate of 16.9%.and 29.9% respectively. US Census Data for 2018-2022 reported that the Median Household Income (MHI) estimate for California is $91,905 with poverty rate was 8.5%. Lake County has an overall 10.2% poverty rate. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income (MHI) is considered disadvantaged and sixty percent of the State MHI is considered severely disadvantaged. Since both the Clearlake and Lower Lake CDP’s MHI are $41,047 and $35,930 respectively and the areas are well below the State MHI of $73,524 and therefore disadvantaged and with less than $55,143 MHI and are considered severely disadvantaged communities. 38 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 According to the Department of Water Resources Disadvantaged Mapping tool, the communities of Clearlake and Lower Lake are considered Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC). Lake County Fire Protection District Board of Directors The Board of Directors for the Lake County Fire Protection District is as follows: 1. Richard Moore Cremer Term expires 2024 2. Jacqueline Snyder Term expires 2026 3. Mary Benson Term expires 2024 4. Mike Dean Term expires 2024 5. Craig Scovel Term expires 2024 6. Denise Loustalot Term expires 2026 7. Diane Watson Term expires 2026 The Board meetings are held on the fourth Wednesday of each month at 4:00 pm in Clearlake 10 months of the year. For 2 months out of the year, the meeting is held on the fourth Wednesday of each month at 5:30 pm in Lower Lake. Lake County Fire Protection District Fire Stations The Lake County FPD operates the following fire stations: 1. Fire Station 70 (Headquarters Station) Fire Department Administration 2. Fire Station 71 (Airport Station) 3. Fire Station 72 (Clearlake Park Station) 4. Fire Station 73 (Pine Dell Station) Status: Unstaffed (volunteer augmented) 5. Fire Station 65 (Lower Lake Station) 6. Fire Station 66 (Jago Bay Station) Lake County FPD Staff and Calls The Lake County FPD has 25 paid staff and 16 volunteers. The District responds to over 5,400 calls per year. The Lake County FPD volunteers have a nonprofit organization which works to obtain grants for equipment and to do various projects which benefit the District. Lake County Fire Protection District Equipment The Lake County Fire Protection District currently deploys two 24-hour Advanced Life Support (ALS) ambulances, one ALS reserve ambulance, ALS complemented engine companies, and two sole-role ALS Quick Response Vehicles. The District also provides both ALS and BLS (Basic Life Support) ambulances for Priority-One emergency transfer from local hospitals to facilities of higher levels of care. The Lake County FPD has the following equipment: 39 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake County Fire Protection District Equipment 2023 Vehicle # Apparatus Type Make/Model E6521 Type II Engine 1996 International New E6511 Type I Engine 2005 HME E6561 Type VI Engine 2006 Ford F-550 E7012 Type I Engine 1996 Spartan E7021 Type II Engine 2014 International E7022 Type II Engine 2000 International E7231 Type III Engine 1989 International R7011 Type I Rescue 1998 Freightliner E7011 Type I Engine 2010 HME WT7011 Type I Tender 1996 Kenworth WT6511 Type I Tender 2021 Freightliner C700 Fire Chief 2021 Ford F250 4x4 P715 Fire Martial 2011 Dodge Ram 2500 4x4 BC702 Utility/Command 2011 Dodge Ram 2500 4x4 U7024 Utility/Command 2011 Dodge Ram 2500 4x4 U7021 Utility Vehicle 2007 Chevrolet Tahoe 4x4 U7022 Utility Vehicle 2001 Ford F250 4x4 H7011 H/M Trailer 2011 6x10 Load Runner MCI Trailer MCI/Decon trailer Decon/MCI supplies M7011 Ambulance 2016 Ford F450 4x4/Leader M7012 Ambulance 2016 Ford F450 4x4/Leader M7013 Ambulance 2011 Ford F450 4x4/Leader UTV 70 Side by side UTV 2018 Polaris Ranger XP Training-Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) The Training-Continuous Quality Improvement Program educates and trains personnel to the highest standards in quality patient care. All Patient Care Reports (PCRs) are reviewed for completeness, accuracy, and protocol compliance. The CQI program processes any concern or issue by patient, family member, or medical authority through its established channels. To assure continuous quality improvement of the paramedics, the Lake County Fire Protection District has implemented an evaluation system to enhance the paramedics’ knowledge and skill. The (CQI) coordinator assesses each selected PCR regarding County policies and procedures, rapid patient assessment and interventions, interpretation of cardiac rhythms, and manipulative skills such as intubation and intravenous access. The LCFPD through a grant provided by the Redbud Healthcare District received an advanced interactive training manikin for LCFPD personnel to maintain a wide variety of advanced life support skills from airway management to cardiac arrest with technology to immediately respond to treatment provided. This knowledge can be beneficial in identifying specific needs for individual employees and volunteers, which then improves the district’s overall service levels. 40 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake County FPD Water Suppliers The City of Clearlake provides does not provide domestic water service. Residents, businesses, and landowners rely upon domestic water services provided by other entities. Property developers are required to install water lines that connect to the applicable water system depending upon the location unless site conditions and the proposed project permit the use of a private well. Domestic water systems within the City Limits of the City of Clearlake and Lower Lake rely upon surface water supplies from Clear Lake and its tributaries. Clearlake is within the Shoreline Water Inventory Unit. The Fire Chief of Lake County Fire Protection District has requested a copy of the ISO report that lists the hydrant fire flow data and rating for the City of Clearlake, CA. The City of Clearlake passed an ordinance on December 5, 2024 mandating all three water providers in Clearlake have their hydrants tested and a report of flows provided to the City by July 1, 2025. Special Note: The LCFPD established Unchartered Waters, a water company/fire department working group. LCFPD facilitates a meeting the first Thursday of each month to discuss current and future growth of the district to include the city and unincorporated areas we serve. Additionally, we discuss and prioritize potential areas of concern, which may need additional infrastructure and/or coordination of one or more the water companies to achieve. Overall goals are to maintain open lines of communications amongst the group. Water service is provided by the following: Golden State Water Company, 14595 Olympic Drive, Clearlake, CA 95422 (707) 994-0118 Highlands Mutual Water Company, 14580 Lakeshore Dr., Clearlake, CA 95422 (707) 994-2393 Konocti County Water District, 15449 Stanyon, Clearlake, CA 95422 (707) 994-2561 Lower Lake County Water Works Dist. 1, 16254 Main Street, Lower Lake, CA 95457 (707) 994-6009 Lake County FPD Budget The Lake County Fire Protection District Budget is shown on the following pages. The expenses appear to exceed the revenue. 41 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake County Fire Protection District Budget 2023-2024 OBJECT CODE 2021/2022 2022/2023 2023/2024 ACTUAL ACTUAL ADOPTED 10.10 Property Tax – Current Secured $1,214,260 $1,349,452 $1,250,000 10.15 Prop 1A ERAF/SRAF $0 $0 $0 10.20 Property Tax – Current Unsecured $24,968 $28,855 $25,000 10.25 Property Tax – Supplemental 813 Current $18,744 $23,632 $2,000 10.30 Property Tax – Prior Secured $0 $0 $0 10.35 Property Tax – Supplemental 813 Prior $5,358 $5,845 $2,000 10.40 Property Tax – Prior Unsecured $1,014 $1,693 $1,000 21.60 Other Permits $58,008 $91,215 $50,000 31.95 Fines, Forfeits, Penalties $177,020 $139,831 $40,000 42.01 Revenue from use of money / Interest $8,025 $53,664 $25,000 42.10 Rents & Concessions $2,801 $2,801 $2,801 54.60 HOPTR $10,788 $10,822 $10,000 54.70 Disaster Revenue Loss Backfill $0 $0 $0 56.30 Other Governmental Agencies $414,105 $175,527 $145,500 66.41 Fire Services $0 $16,544 $50,000 68.60 Institutional Care and Services (ambulance) $2,213,114 $2,799,758 $1,450,000 69.29 Other Current Services – Fire Protection $1,690,877 $1,787,051 $1,650,000 79.50 Revenue Applicable Prior Year $0 $0 $0 79.60 Sale of Fixed Assets $20,660 $15,000 $5,000 79.90 Other Revenue – Miscellaneous $12,811 $20,355 $20,000 79.91 Cancelled Checks $0 $0 $0 79.92 Insurance Rebate/Refund $7,523 $8,660 $0 79.93 Insurance Proceeds $0 $0 $0 81.22 Operating Transfers In (fire mitigation) $100,000 $100,000 $43,330 TOTAL REVENUE $7,443,743 $6,630,706 $4,771,631 *The Lake County FPD has a special tax which can increase annually according to the Consumer Price Index. 42 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake County Fire Protection District Budget 2023-2024 2021/2022 2022/2023 2023/2024 OBJECT CODE ACTUAL ACTUAL ADOPTED 01.11 Salaries & Wages – Permanent $1,614,179 $1,664,357 $1,919,265 01.12 Salaries & Wages – Extra Help $20,260 $44,002 $95,000 01.13 Salaries & Wages – O.T. Holidays $270,791 $258,552 $350,000 01.14 Salaries & Wages – Severance/Payouts $53,517 $56,977 $75,000 02.21 Retirement – FICA District Share $29,460 $32,010 $73,292 02.22 Retirement – PERS District Share $646,544 $332,265 $513,686 02.23 Retirement – PERS Dist. Pd. Emp. Share $76,868 $56,246 $25,113 02.28 Deferred Compensation $0 $0 $6,500 03.30 Health/Life Insurance $439,301 $421,474 $480,000 03.31 Unemployment Insurance District Share $4,496 $4,358 $37,394 03.32 Health Insurance Opt-Out $7,904 $6,590 $15,000 03.45 Retiree OPEB $71,068 $70,133 $82,500 04.00 Worker’s Compensation $225,915 $246,624 $260,000 11.00 Clothing & Personal Supplies $38,230 $39,031 $51,000 12.00 Communications $207,554 $233,774 $316,500 14.00 Household Expenses $8,268 $6,998 $10,500 15.10 Insurance-Other $0 $0 $4,200 15.12 Insurance Public Liability $25,410 $51,822 $77,200 15.13 Insurance – Fire/Allied $37,865 $30,082 $54,000 17.00 Maintenance / Equipment $92,047 $102,982 $188,000 18.00 Maintenance & Building –Improvements $33,140 $72,226 $140,000 20.00 Memberships $3,545 $4,856 $13,000 22.70 Office Supplies $4,259 $4,480 $10,000 22.71 Postage $626 $604 $1,500 22.72 Books & Periodicals $191 $1,943 $2,700 23.80 Professional & Special Services $268,966 $340,629 $331,300 24.00 Publication & Legal Notices $206 $374 $2,000 25.00 Rents & Leases – Equipment $5,224 $4,893 $5,400 27.00 Small Tools & instruments $1,117 $9,386 $10,200 28.30 Special Department Supplies & Service $24,347 $9,033 $84,900 28.48 Ambulance Expenses $376,790 $545,990 $116,000 29.50 Transportation & Travel $63,693 $88,480 $104,000 30.00 Utilities $54,196 $67,538 $82,500 38.00 Inventory Items $27,306 $20,380 $77,000 42.10 Principle & Interest Notes & Loans $43,329 $459,371 $384,530 48.00 Taxes & Assessments $7,786 $6,035 $6,500 61.60 Building & Improvements Current $594,696 $304,122 $0 62.74 Equipment – Other $518,551 $278,100 $263,500 TOTAL EXPENDITURE $5,897,645 $5,876,714 $6,269,180 43 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake FPD Audit A Budget is a plan for spending, an Audit shows actual funds available or spent. The Table below shows the Statement of Net Position from the June 30, 2023 Audit. The full audit is available at the District website. Lake County Fire Protection District Modified Cash Basis Statement of Net Position June 30, 202344 Total Governmental Activities ASSETS Cash and investments $6,766,693 Capital assets: Non-depreciable 170,357 Depreciable, net 3,368,789 Total capital assets 3,539,146 Total Assets 10,305,839 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred pension adjustments 5,752,692 Deferred OPEB (other post-employment benefits) adjustments 170.805 Total Deferred Outflows of Resources 5.923,497 LIABILITIES Long-term liabilities Due within one year 524,448 Due in more than one year 3,778,381 Net pension liability 4,453,179 Net OPEB (other post-employment benefits) liability 406,987 Total Liabilities 9,162,995 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred pension adjustments 310,754 Deferred OPEB (other post-employment benefits) adjustments 821,680 Total Deferred Inflows of Resources 1,132,434 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets 3,270,975 Restricted for capital projects 294,467 Unrestricted 2,368,465 Total Net Position $5,933,907 The District complies with State Law to have an outside audit. The Net Position increased from the previous year Net Position of $4,858,050. 45 There were no findings contained in the audit. 44 Lake County Fire Protection District, Audit as of June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell CPAs, Yuba City, CA, December 12, 2023, Page 4. 45 Lake County Fire Protection District, Audit as of June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell CPAs, Yuba City, CA, December 12, 2023, Page 5. 44 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Mutual Aid Issues The Lake Fire Protection District provides the following discussion of Mutual Aid and related issues. Most of the fire protection and EMS providers primarily serve their own jurisdictions. Given the critical need for rapid response, however, there are extensive mutual aid efforts that cross jurisdictional boundaries. Mutual aid refers to reciprocal service provided under a mutual aid agreement, a pre-arranged plan and contract between agencies for reciprocal assistance upon request by the first-response agency. In addition, the jurisdictions rely on automatic aid primarily for coverage of areas with street access limitations and freeways. With the new ECC (Emergency Command Center) dispatch center and the LCFCA response matrix all calls incorporate Auto-Aid. Automatic aid refers to reciprocal service provided under an automatic aid agreement, a prearranged plan or contract between agencies for an automatic response for service with no need for a request to be made. Fire and EMS Dispatch Issues Dispatch for fire and medical calls is increasingly becoming regionalized and specialized. This increased regionalization and specialization is motivated by the following factors: 1) Constituents increasingly expect emergency medical dispatching (EMD), which involves over-the-phone medical procedure instructions to the 911 caller and requires specialized staff. Now provided in the ECC. 2) Paramedics increasingly rely on EMD, which also involves preparing the paramedic en- route for the type of medical emergency and procedures. 3) Dispatch technology and protocols have become increasingly complex. 4) Modern technology has enabled better measurement and regulatory oversight of fire department (FD) response times, and increased pressure for FDs to meet response time guidelines. 5) FDs need standard communication protocols due to their reliance on auto and mutual aid. 6) Dispatching of calls from cell phones is particularly inefficient due to multiple transfers, length of time the caller spends on hold and lack of location information. Response times are further delayed when callers that are unfamiliar with the area are unable to describe rural locations to the dispatch personnel. 7) All new cell phones are now equipped with GPS; however, it will take a few years for all old phones to be replaced by phones with GPS capability and/or construction of specialized cell phone towers. 45 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 8) NFPA recommends a 60-second standard for dispatch time, the time between the placement of the 911 call and the notification of the emergency responders. The Center for Public Safety Excellence recommends a 50-second benchmark for dispatch time. The ECC is NFPA 1225 AND 1221 compliant. 9) There are clear economies of scale in providing modern fire and medical dispatch services. 10) Proposition 172 Lake FPD does not receive any Prop-172 funds 11) Development Impact Fees: Currently conducting a county-wide NEXUS study Insurance Service Organization (ISO) Review46 The Insurance Service Organization provided a review of the Lake Fire Protection District as follows: ISO concluded its review of the fire suppression features being provided for Lake CO FPSA. The resulting community classification is Class 04/4Y. If the classification is a single class, the classification applies to properties with a Needed Fire Flow of 3,500 gpm or less in the community. If the classification is a split class (e.g., 6/XX): • The first class (e.g., “6” in a 6/XX) applies to properties within 5 road miles of a recognized fire station and within 1,000 feet of a fire hydrant or alternate water supply. • The second class (XX or XY) applies to properties beyond 1,000 feet of a fire hydrant but within 5 road miles of a recognized fire station. • Alternative Water Supply: The first class (e.g., “6” in a 6/10) applies to properties within 5 road miles of a recognized fire station with no hydrant distance requirement. • Class 10 applies to properties over 5 road miles of a recognized fire station. • Class 10W applies to properties within 5 to 7 road miles of a recognized fire station with a recognized water supply within 1,000 feet. • Specific properties with a Needed Fire Flow in excess of 3,500 gpm are evaluated separately and assigned an individual classification. The following table compares the credit available to the credit earned for the Lake FPD. 46 Public Protection Classification Summary Report, Lake CO FPSA, Prepared by Insurance Services Office, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Ste. 300, PO Box 5404, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey 08054-5404. 1-800-444-4544, January 2024, page 7. 42 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Insurance Service Organization (ISO) Review Lake Fire Protection District47 Fire Suppression Rating Schedule Feature Earned Credit Credit Available Emergency Communications 414. Credit for Emergency Reporting 3.00 3 422. Credit for Telecommunications 3.71 4 432. Credit for Dispatch Circuits 2.91 3 440. Credit for Emergency Communications 9.62 10 Fire Department 513. Credit for Engine Companies 1.53 6 523. Credit for Reserve Pumpers 0.12 0.50 532. Credit for Pump Capacity 3.00 3 549. Credit for Ladder Service 0.46 4 553. Credit for Reserve Ladder and Service Trucks 0.00 0.50 561. Credit for Deployment Analysis 2.12 10 571. Credit for Company Personnel 12.21 15 581. Credit for Training 5.61 9 730. Credit for Operational Considerations 2.00 2 590. Credit for Fire Department 27.05 50 Water Supply 616. Credit for Supply System 18.15 30 621. Credit for Hydrants 2.84 3 631. Credit for Inspection and Flow Testing 4.98 7 640. Credit for Water Supply 25.97 40 Divergence -2.17 - 1050. Community Risk Reduction 5.25 5.50 Total Credit 65.72 105.50 The ISO report for the Lake Fire Protection District should be posted on the District website to allow interested parties to understand the requirements and the rating more completely. 47 Public Protection Classification Summary Report, Lake CO FPSA, Prepared by Insurance Services Office, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Ste. 300, PO Box 5404, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey 08054-5404. 1-800-444-4544, January 2024, page 7. 43 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 C. Lake County Fire Protection District MSR 1. Growth and Population Projections for the Lake County Fire Protection District Area48 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. Area Population Projections Area population projections for the Lake County Fire Protection District are estimated at over 20,000 by the Lake County FPD. Population projections for unincorporated areas are not prepared by the US Census Bureau so the District estimates are based on knowledge of the local area. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the Lake County Fire Protection District Area MSR C1) The Lake County FPD estimates that the population of the District in increasing and will be expected in increase at a slow pace in the future. 2. Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) within or Contiguous to Lake County Fire Protection District49 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent city. Determination of Lake County FPD Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status The City of Clearlake Median Household Income in 2022 was $41,047 compared to a Median Household Income for California of $91,905.50 Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Median Household Income for the City of Clearlake is lower than 80% of the State Median Household Income the City population is considered disadvantaged. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near Lake Fire Protection District. MSR C2) The City of Clearlake is a Disadvantaged Community, the remainder of the District is a Disadvantaged unincorporated Community. 3. Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 51 Lake County FPD Infrastructure 48 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 49 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 50 US Census Data, QuickFacts, March 22, 2024. 51 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 44 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 The equipment for the Lake County Fire Protection District is described above in this report. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Lake County Fire Protection District MSR C3) The Lake County FPD has adequate fire stations, and firefighting equipment. 4. Financial Ability to Provide Services52 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. Financial Considerations for Lake County Fire Protection District The Lake County Fire Protection District complies with State and County financial requirements and has adequate funds to maintain services as shown in the Budget and Audit. The main expense for a Fire Protection District is personnel and these expenses could increase in the future. MSR Determinations on Financing for Lake County Fire Protection District MSR C4) The Lake County Fire Protection District should continue to follow State and County requirements for financial disclosure and practice. 5. Opportunities for Shared Facilities53 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. Lake County Fire Protection District Facilities The Lake County Fire Protection District maintains six fire stations and equipment for both fighting fires and for answering medical emergency calls. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for Lake County Fire Protection District MSR C5) The Lake County Fire Protection District will share personnel and equipment with other Fire Protection Districts if needed. 6. Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies54 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. Government Structure Lake County Fire Protection District The Lake County Fire Protection District has a seven-member Board of Directors. These directors are lay people and are not compensated for their service, but are essential to the operation of the District. The paid personnel maintain services available at all times. MSR Determinations on Government Structure for Lake County Fire Protection District 52 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 53 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 54 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 45 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR C6) The Lake County Fire Protection District has a Board of Directors with regular meetings open to the public. MSR C7) The Lake County Fire Protection District maintains a website as required by the State Law. The ISO report should be included on the District website. MSR C8) The Lake County Fire Protection District works with other fire protection districts in the area and also with other organizations such as water providers to maintain communication and services needed for firefighting and the provision of emergency services. D. Sphere of Influence for Lake County Fire Protection District Recommendation for Lake County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence It is recommended that the Lake County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence be the same as the District boundary. 1. Present and Planned Land Uses in the Lake County Fire Protection District Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands General Plan and Zoning for the Lake County Fire Protection District The General Plan and Zoning for the City of Clearlake are determined by the City. The General Plan and Zoning for the remainder of the District are determined by the County of Lake. The Lake County General Plan and the Housing Element of the Lake County General Plan show that there will be future development in the area. SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for Lake County Fire Protection District SOI C1) The Sphere of Influence for the Lake County Fire Protection District should be the same as the District Boundary. 2. Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the Lake County Fire Protection District Area55 Municipal Service Background The Fire Protection Districts in Lake County were reorganized to provide for larger districts with multiple fire stations, economies of scale, and better service. The need for the fire districts will continue. The Lake County FPD serves and aging population and has many medical calls. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for Lake County Fire Protection District SOI C2] The need for the Lake County Fire Protection District will continue and the District will provide primarily medical service calls but will still need to be prepared to fight fires. 3. Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services56 55 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) 56 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 46 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake County Fire Protection District Capacity Background The Lake County Fire Protection District has adequate capacity to provide for fire protection and medical emergencies for the District. The District maintains fire stations throughout the District and has sufficient staff to meet the needs of the population within the District. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for Lake County Fire Protection District SOI C3 The Lake County Fire Protection District has adequate personnel and equipment to meet the needs of the District for fire protection and medical emergencies. SOI C4 The Lake County Fire Protection District is working with water providers in the area to maintain and improve water supplies available for fire protection. 4. Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lake County Fire Protection District 57 Lake County Fire Protection District Community The Lake County Fire District includes the City of Clearlake and the community of Lower Lake and various other small communities. It is a challenge to make the entire population feel as part of one District. The maintenance of the website and the outreach from each fire station will help to keep the identity of the Fire Protection District in front of the community. SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lake County Fire Protection District SOI C5 The Lake County FPD (serving Clearlake and Lower Lake) was formed by combining smaller districts and it is an on-going challenge to unite the population to think of one Fire Protection District. 5. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status for Lake County Fire Protection District58 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities A disadvantaged community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905, eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. The Median Household Income for areas within the Lake County Fire Protection District is far less. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status SOI C6 The unincorporated community of Lower Lake is clearly a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community with a Median Household Income of $44,456. 57 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 58 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 47 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 Spring Valley 15 14 18 17 16 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 28 27 3 4 G len 26 3 h 5 ave 3 2 n 6 5 3 3 1 0 29 Clearla 28 k e Oa 27 k s 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 19 30 29 33 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 09 10 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 16 15 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 20 21 22 23 24 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 28 Clearl 2 a 7 ke R 2 i 6 v ier 25 a 30 29 28 Clea 27 r lake 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 22 27 23 26 35 36 31 32 33 33 3 3 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 25 3 6 03 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 L 0 o 2 wer 0 L 1 ake 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 11 10 09 10 12 07 08 09 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 15 14 13 18 17 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 16 21 22 23 Loch 2 4 L omo 19 n d 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 18 Hidd 17 e n 1 V 6 alley 1 5 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 28 27 26 25 Anderson Springs 27 30 29 26 25 30 29 28 27 L 34 A 0 3 K 35 E C 3 O 6 UN31T Y3 2 GUENOC 35 36 31 32 33 02 01 02 06 05 COLLAYOMI 01 06 05 11 12 1 3 1 0 8 7 1 0 7 8 04 0 1 9 6 21 10 15 2 2 UV 29 1 1 1 0 2 4 3 2 01 2 1 1 4 3 2 07 1 1 8 9 17 2 0 16 21 22 15 2 1 3 4 11 24 13 1 2 19 18 07 08 Lake County Fire Protection District (Sphere of Influence) LAFCo Resolution: 2015-0007 Adopted: July 15, 2015 0 0.5 1 2 Miles Source: Lake County LAFCo Map Created 3/6/2019 48 dR yellaV raeB LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 LAKEPORT FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT Lakeport County Fire Protection District Area Lakeport Area History Lakeport was first settled by American Indians several thousand years ago. At the coming of the settlers, the Kabe-napos, a subtribe of the Pomo people, lived here within their main village. The village name was Kaci-Badon, after the water lily plant Kaci, and badon, which was the native name for 'island'. The Lakeport County FPD includes the City of Lakeport and the surrounding area. Lakeport is an incorporated city and the county seat of Lake County. Lakeport is on the western shore of Clear Lake at an elevation of 1,355 feet. Former names include Forbestown, Rocky Point, Stony Point, Tuckertown, and Kaci-Badon. It was William Forbes and James Parrish, who created the first shop in the main Lakeport area. Parish was a blacksmith and Forbes was a wagon maker. Forbes was also a pioneer undertaker. It was this investment as well as the land grant Forbes bestowed upon the county, which earned Lakeport its first name: Forbestown. On June 14, 1861, Forbestown was officially renamed to Lakeport. The first post office, called Big Valley, opened at the site in 1858, and changed its name to Lakeport in 1861. The first Lakeport courthouse was built of wood in 1861. The building burnt under suspicious circumstances in 1867. In 1864, the Cache Creek Dam was built. Four years later, the locals tore down the dam and destroyed the mills it helped operate, after waters diverted by the dam flooded most of Lower Lake and Anderson Ranch. In 1888, Lakeport was incorporated. For nearly a century, it was the only incorporated city in Lake County. In 1892, Lakeport got its first telephone. Lakeport Community Lakeport is located along State Highway 29 on the western shore of Clear Lake. The Lakeport area is described as follows: The City’s permanent trade area population is approximately 35,000. Per capita sales figures are among the highest in the region and are typically higher than the State’s average. With an area population just over 11,00059, Lakeport maintains a small town character and low crime rate. The City of Lakeport provides an opportunity for growth and a number of benefits for business and industry, including a pro-business community, affordable housing, and a variety of buildable sites within the 3.260 square mile City limits. Local festivals include the following: • Lake County Fair • Taste of Lakeport • Lake County Rodeo • Dickens Festival • Memorial Day Parade • Clear Lake Splash In 59 https://www.unitedstateszipcodes.org/95453/ 60 https://www.cityoflakeport.com/city_profile.php 49 LAKE LAFCO Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 • 4th of July Festival and Fireworks • Heroes of Safety fair • National Night Out 50 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lakeport Population Data The City of Lakeport had a July 1, 2022 population of 5026, close to the 2020 Census population of 5,029.61 The Median Household Income was $61,100. The California Median Household Income was $91,905. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Median Household Income for the City of Lakeport is lower than 80% of the State Median Household Income the City population is considered disadvantaged. The CSA 21 for North Lakeport has 1285 active connections.62 Separate data is not available for the unincorporated area of the Lakeport Fire Protection District so it will be assumed that the data is similar to that for the City of Lakeport. Lakeport Schools The Lakeport Unified School District includes the following schools: Lakeport High School Lakeport Alternative Education Center Lakeport Elementary School Terrace Middle School Lakeport County Fire Protection District Lakeport FPD History Lakeport Fire District is an independent all risk fire district, located in the county seat of Lake County, on the western shore of Clear Lake. The Lakeport Fire Department was formed in 1894 to provide fire protection to the City of Lakeport. In 1956 the Lakeport County Fire Protection District was formed to provide fire protection to the unincorporated areas of Lakeport. The Lakeport County Fire Protection District merged with the Lakeport Fire Department in 1998 to provide unified fire protection for the area. Lakeport FPD Contact Information Contact Information for the Lakeport Fire District is as follows: Mailing Address: 445 North Main Street, Lakeport CA. 95453 Phone and E-mail: 707-263-4396, lakeportfire@lakeportfire.com Fire Chief: Patrick Reitz Lakeport FPD Mission The Mission of the Lakeport Fire Protection District is to be a leader in Emergency Services delivery by:63 • Meeting the needs of our community by providing: Fire Prevention and Educational Outreach and All Hazards Response including Fire Suppression, Advanced Life Support 61 US Census Quickfacts, March 29, 2024. 62 County of Lake, Special Districts, April 8, 2024, scott.hornung@lakecountyca.gov 63 Mission Statement | Lakeport Fire District, March 29, 2024. 51 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Emergency Medical Services, Emergency & Non-Emergency Ambulance Transports, Hazardous Materials Response, and Technical Rescue. • Utilizing the dedication, skills, and talents of our members and continuously assisting them with improvement. • Constantly seeking ways to improve our services and increase our efficiencies. In Carrying out this Mission, the District will: • Give top priority to the safety of our members. • Encourage and support the continuous professional and personal development of our members. • Work efficiently as a team to maximize the utilizations of our skills, knowledge and abilities. • Communicate openly and honestly with the community and our members. Disadvantaged Communities According to the 2018-2022 American Community Survey’s latest 2022 data estimates, the median household income (MHI) in the Lakeport and North Lakeport Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are $61,100 and $59,239 respectively. With a poverty rate of 7.7%.and 12.4% respectively. US Census Data for 2018-2022 reported that the Median Household Income (MHI) estimate for California is $91,905 with poverty rate was 8.5%. Lake County has an overall 10.2% poverty rate. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income (MHI) is considered disadvantaged and sixty percent of the State MHI is considered severely disadvantaged. Since both the Lakeport and North Lakeport CDP’s MHI are $61,100 and $59,239 respectively and the areas are well below the State MHI of $73,524 and therefore considered disadvantaged. These CDP’s do not meet the criteria to be considered severely disadvantaged having more less than a $55,143 MHI. According to the Department of Water Resources Disadvanged Mapping tool, the communities of Lakeport and North Lakeport are considered Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC). Personnel In 2023, Lakeport Fire responded to almost 2,700 calls, including structure and Wildland Fires, vehicle accidents, and medical aid. The Main Station (Station 50) is staffed with two (2) Firefighter/Medics and two (2) Firefighter/EMTs on duty at all times. The District is primarily a paid department, but does have volunteers who can be called upon to respond to a fire if necessary. • Paid staff includes one (1) Fire Chief, three (3) Captain/Medics, three (3) Firefighter/Medics, six (6) Firefighter/EMTs and two (2) administrative support staff 52 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 • There are currently eighteen (18) volunteer firefighters who could be called upon to respond to a fire if needed Training drills are held every Tuesday from 6 to 9 pm. Station 52, located in North Lakeport is not currently staffed. Lakeport Volunteer Firefighter's Association The Lakeport Volunteer Firefighter’s Association is a nonprofit organization that is made up of both professional and volunteer firefighters from the Lakeport Fire District. The association currently has 28 members. The association officers are as follows: Jeff Mertle – President Solano Dominguez – Vice President Dan Kane - Treasurer Travis Thorne - Secretary The Lakeport Volunteer Firefighters Association raises funds by holding various fundraisers throughout the year. Lakeport FPD Board of Directors The Lakeport Fire Protection District Board of Directors consists of five appointed individuals, of which two are appointed by the City of Lakeport and three are appointed by the Lake County Board of Supervisors. Each Director serves a four year term.64 Brown, David (County) Director (707) 263-4396 Gabe, Bill (County) Board Chair (707) 263-4396 Bedford, Melissa(County) Director (707) 263-4396 Britton, Andrew (City) Director (707) 263-4396 Warrenburg, Jeffery (City) Director/Vice-Chair (707) 263-4396 The Board of Directors meets at 5:30 pm on the second Tuesday of each month at the Main Station, 445 North Main Street, Lakeport, CA 95453. The agendas are posted at the Fire Station and on the District’s website – www.lakeportfire.com Lakeport FPD Equipment65 The Lakeport Fire District has the following equipment: E5011 – 2021 Pierce Enforcer T5011– 1999 Seagrave Quint E5012 – 2003 Pierce Dash E5031– 2011 International Crimson Spartan E5021 – 1998 International Opperman M5011 – 2014 Dodge Braun M5012 – 2015 Dodge Braun E5211 – 2001 Central States Spartan WT5011 – 1984 Kenworth Opperman U5011 – 2008 Dodge Ram C500 – 2015 Ford F250 U5012 – 2022 Toyota Tacoma Ski5011 – 2015 Yamaha Waverunner Ski5012 – 2015 Yamaha Waverunner UTV5011 – 2021 CAMS Defender 64 Board of Directors | Lakeport Fire District, March 29, 2024 65 Lakeport County Fire Protection District, March 27, 2004. 53 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lakeport Fire District Calls and Response Time The Lakeport Fire District calls for 2023 are shown below: Calls Received in 2023 Type Number Percent Fire related incident 63 2.3% EMS call, excluding vehicle accident with injury 1,729 64.5% Motor vehicle accident 119 4.4% Hazardous Condition/Service call 125 4.7% Public Service 202 7.1% Dispatched & cancelled en route 376 14.0% Unintentional Alarm/False Alarm 68 2.5% TOTAL CALLS 2,682 As is common with most fire protection districts, the medical calls (64.5%) outnumber all other calls combined. Lakeport County FPD Water Supply The Lakeport Fire District has hydrants in the following areas: Finley City of Lakeport North Lakeport (in County) Konocti Vista Casino Mission Rancheria Robin Hill Lakeport FPD Budget The Audit is not available on the website. The Budget for the Lakeport County FPD is shown below: Lakeport County Fire Protection District Budget 2023-24 REVENUE 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Actual Actual Adopted PROPERTY TAXES 10-10 Current Secured 906,235 994,483 1,072,745 10-20 Current Unsecured 20,952 23,331 24,205 10-25 Supplemental 813-Current 11,585 15,770 20,000 10-35 Supplemental 813-Prior 4,075 4,557 5,000 10-40 Prior Unsecured 747 838 1,500 PERMITS 21-60 Other 12,554 25,228 25,000 RENTS AND CONCESSIONS 42-10 Rents and Concessions 4,624 5,087 6,000 REVENUE FROM USE OF MONEY 42-01 Interest 2,773 19,161 11,000 STATE AID 54-60 HOPTR 4,538 4,360 9,000 54-90 Other 0 0 25,000 54 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 PUBLIC PROTECTION 68-60 Institutional Care and Services 649,988 918,799 1,074,000 OTHER CURRENT SERVICES 69-29 Fire Protection* 1,188,021 1,258,277 1,328,700 OTHER 79-90 Miscellaneous 47,225 126,801 56,200 79-91 Cancelled Checks 12,817 561 0 OPERATING TRANSFERS 81-22 In 480 0 RESIDUAL EQUITY TRANSFERS 81-31 Residual Equity Transfer 56,405 (104,448) 1,246,950 TOTAL REVENUE 2,923,018 3,292,803 4,905,300 Lakeport County Fire Protection District Budget 2013-14 EXPENSES 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Actual Actual Adopted SALARIES AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 01-11 Permanent 931,508 1,007,274 1,128,000 01-12 Extra Help 35,361 90,434 90,000 01-13 OT, Holiday, Standby 163,574 153,713 226,825 02-21 FICA 18,735 16,103 18000 02-22 PERS 383,726 398,563 436,100 03-30 Health/Life Insurance 433,706 447,963 464,500 03-31 Unemployment 0 0 0 03-39 State Disability 0 0 0 04-00 Worker’s Compensation 79,444 65,485 85,250 SERVICES AND SUPPLIES 11-00 Clothing & Personal Supplies 24,655 61,320 18,000 12-00 Communications 83.289 111,744 131,500 14-00 Household Expense 4.948 7,185 8,000 15-10 Other 91,103 88,735 118,100 17-00 Maintenance-Equipment 121,645 85,323 124,000 18-00 Maintenance Buildings & Improvements 19,787 85,599 10,000 19-00 Medical Expense 54,117 45,869 49,000 20-00 Memberships 12,012 8.894 17,759 22-70 Supplies 6,956 10,261 10,000 22-71 Postage 315 879 1,000 22-72 Books & Periodicals 1,229 1,442 2,500 23-80 Professional/Specialized Services 62,056 66,728 190,500 24-00 Publication and Legal Notices 293 67 500 25-00 Rents & Leases-Equipment 21,773 30,838 21,000 26-00 Rents & Leases-Buildings/Improvements 0 0 10 27-00 Small Tools and Instruments 7,960 5,131 3,000 28-30 Supplies and Services 12,061 44,340 72,500 28-48 Ambulance Expense 112,540 204,782 117,366 28-95 Prior Year Audit Repayment 23,268 0 0 29-50 Transportation & Travel 1,823 718 34,500 30-00 Utilities 69,818 76,027 84,000 42-10 Notes/Loans Payable 97,147 60,713 61,000 OTHER CHARGES 48-00 Taxes and Assessments 0 232 690 CAPITAL ASSETS 55 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 60-05 Land Acquisitions 0 0 70,000 61-60 Building Improvements 0 0 614,500 62-71 Office 0 2,560 0 62-72 Autos & Light Trucks `0 0 473,700 62-74 Other 48,170 80,082 223,500 TOTAL EXPENDITURES/APPROPRIATIONS 2,923,018 3,292,803 4,905,300 Net Cost 0 0 0 Insurance Service Organization (ISO) Review for Lakeport County FPD67 The ISO Rating for the Lakeport Fire District was prepared in 2020 with the following classifications: CLASS 4/4Y68 The average response time for all responses within district boundaries is six (6) minutes. Travel time to specific incidents is dependent upon distance from station location. Time is also dependent on the season, traffic, weather and remoteness. Difficulties during winter months include road conditions, road surface, traffic, weather (rain or snow) and areas in remote locations. The Final Community Classification for the Lakeport County FPD is 04/4Y and was determined as follows: Summary of Public Protection Classification (PPC) Review for Lakeport and Lakeport FD Fire Suppression Rating Schedule (FSRS) Item Earned Credit Credit Available Emergency Communications 414. Credit for Emergency Reporting 3.00 3 422. Credit for Telecommunicators 3.71 4 432 Credit for Dispatch Circuits 2.91 3 440. Credit for Emergency Communications 9.62 10 Fire Department 513. Credit for Engine Companies 5.15 6 523. Credit for Reserve Pumpers 0.48 0.5 532. Credit for Pumper Capacity 3.00 3 549. Credit for Ladder Service 3.97 4 553. Credit for Reserve Ladder and Service Trucks 0.00 0.5 561. Credit for Deployment Analysis 3.49 10 571. Credit for Company Personnel 5.03 15 581. Credit for Training 4.24 9 730. Credit for Operational Considerations* 2.00 2 590. Credit for Fire Department 27.36 50 67 ISO, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Suite 300, Mt. Laurel NJ 08054-5404, letter to Lakeport and Lakeport FD, 445 N. Main St. Lakeport CA 95453, April 27, 2020. 68 Lakeport County Fire Protection District, March 27, 2004. 56 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Water Supply** 616. Credit for Supply System 24.00 30 621. Credit for Hydrants (622) 2.76 3 631. Credit for Inspection and Flow Testing 2.01 7 640. Credit for Water Supply 28.77 40 Divergence*** -3.44 - 1050. Community Risk Reduction 3.76 5.50 Total Credit 66.07 105.5 *The Department should have established SOPs for fire department general emergency operations. The department should use an established incident management system (IMS). **The ISO evaluated the capability of the water distribution system to meet the needed Fire Flows at selected locations up to 3,500 gpm; size, type and installation of fire hydrants, inspection and flow testing of fire hydrants. ***The Divergence factor mathematically reduces the score based on the relative difference between the fire department and water supply scores. The factor is introduced in the final equation. 57 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lakeport County Fire Protection District MSR 1. Growth and Population Projections for the Area69 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. a. Lakeport Area Population Projections The city of Lakeport and the surrounding are not expected to grow substantially in the future due to declining population in the State of California and in Lake County. b. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the Lakeport Area MSR D1) It is estimated that the Lakeport County FPD has a population of approximately 11,000 people. Population growth will be slow in the immediate future due to high cost of financing. Long-term population growth will also be slow due to the remote location of Lakeport. MSR D2) Whether the area around Lakeport grows within the City or within the County, the Lakeport FPD will be responsible for the fire protection and emergency services. 2. Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) within or Contiguous to Lakeport County FPD 70 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent city. a. Determination of Lakeport County FPD Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status The City of Lakeport has a Median Household Income of $61,100, below 80% of the State of California Median Household Income and thus does qualify for “Disadvantaged” status. It is assumed that incomes in the surrounding area are similar to those within the incorporated City. b. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near Lakeport County FPD MSR D3 The Median Household Income within the City of Lakeport is $61,100. It is assumed that incomes in the surrounding area are similar and thus the area may qualify as “Disadvantaged” albeit the DWR mapping tool does not identify the rea in North Lakeport as disadvantaged.. MSR D4 Although the City of Lakeport Median Household Income is below the DUC standard of 80% of the State Median Household Income, the City of Lakeport is incorporated and thus is not a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community. 69 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 70 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 58 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 3 Lakeport County FPD Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 71 a. Infrastructure The Fire Stations, equipment and personnel are described above in this report and are adequate for the Lakeport County Fire Protection District. b. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Lakeport County FPD MSR D5 The Lakeport FPD has adequate equipment and capacity at the present time (2024). MSR D6 The Lakeport FPD paid staff includes 1 Chief, 3 Captains, 9 Firefighters, and 2 Admin Support staff. 4 Financial Ability to Provide Services72 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. a. Financial Considerations for Lakeport County FPD In 2018, the City of Lakeport voted to implement a fire-tax (Prop M). b. MSR Determinations on Financing for Lakeport County FPD MSR D7 In 2018, the City of Lakeport voted to implement a fire-tax (Prop M). 5. Lakeport County FPD Opportunities for Shared Facilities73 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. a. Lakeport County FPD Facilities The Lakeport FPD supports the direction of the Lake County Fire Chiefs Association (LCFCA) for the fire districts to provide Emergency 9-1-1 ambulance response and transport. Additionally, the LCFCA collectively agrees to support the inter-facility ambulance transport program when resources allow, specifically for patients meeting the Priority One critical transport requirements without other means of transport available. 71 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 72 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 73 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 59 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 b. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for Lakeport County FPD MSR D8 The Lakeport FPD supports the direction of the Lake County Fire Chiefs Association (LCFCA) for the fire districts to provide Emergency 9-1-1 ambulance response and transport. Additionally, the LCFCA collectively agrees to support the inter-facility ambulance transport program when resources allow, specifically for patients meeting the Priority One critical transport requirements without other means of transport available (2024). MSR D9 The Lakeport Fire Protection District has hydrants in the following areas: Finley City of Lakeport Konocti Vista Casino Mission Rancheria North Lakeport (in the County) Robin Hill MSR D10 The Lakeport Fire Protection District maintains all funds with the County of Lake. 6 Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies74 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. a. Government Structure The Lakeport County Fire Protection District has a five-member Board of Directors, including members from both the City of Lakeport and the unincorporated area. The Fire Protection District works with the City, the County, and special districts. The District is able to work with both paid and volunteer staff. The District maintains a website are required by the State Law. b. MSR Determinations on Government Structure for Lakeport County FPD MSR D11 The Lakeport County FPD has a five-member board of directors, with regular meetings and a District website. The audit should be included on the website. MSR D12 The Lakeport County FPD works with other fire protection districts, water providers, and the County of Lake. MSR D13 The Lakeport County FPD received an ISO rating of 04/4Y. The full ISO report and back materials should be posted on the Lakeport County FPD website. 74 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 60 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lakeport County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence 1. Recommendation for Lakeport County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence It is recommended that the Lakeport County Fire Protection District maintain the present boundaries. a. Present and Planned Land Uses in the Lakeport County Fire Protection District Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands b. General Plan and Zoning for the Lakeport County Fire Protection District The City of Lakeport General Plan governs growth within the City and the County of Lake General Plan governs land uses within the unincorporated area. Although growth is planned for the area, slower growth is expected due to population losses and high interest rates. c. SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for Lakeport Fire Protection District SOI D1 Growth will occur within and adjacent to developed areas so the Lakeport County FPD will have to deal with both urban and wildland emergencies in the future. 2. Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the Lakeport County Fire Protection District Area75 a. Municipal Service Background The work of the Lakeport County FPD provides good service to both the residents of the City of Lakeport and the residents of the surrounding County area. b. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for Lakeport Fire Protection District SOI D2 The need for the Lakeport County FPD will continue and as the population ages there will be even more medical emergency calls. 3. Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services76 a. Capacity Background The capacity of the Lakeport County FPD is adequate to serve the City of Lakeport and the surrounding area with the use of both paid personnel and trained volunteers. The water supply depends on several different water providers and may not be considered Adequate for all emergencies. 75 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) 76 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 61 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 b. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for Lakeport Fire Protection District SOI D3 The capacity of facilities and adequacy of services provided by Lakeport County Fire Protection District is good. 4. Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lakeport County Fire Protection District77 a. Lakeport Community The Lakeport Community provides most services including the Sutter Lakeside Hospital Emergency Room. Lakeport is the County Seat for Lake County so most of the County offices are located there. b. SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lakeport County Fire Protection District SOI D5 The area within the City of Lakeport and the surrounding area function as one community for social and economic purposes. Churches, schools and businesses serve the entire area. The Lakeport FPD provides a unifying focus for the community. SOI D6 The Lakeport FPD has a website to provide information to the community. 6 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status for Lakeport County Fire Protection District78 a. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities A disadvantaged community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905, eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. The Median Household Income within the City of Lakeport is $61,100. It is assumed that incomes in the surrounding area are similar and thus the area would not qualify as “Disadvantaged”. Although the City of Lakeport Median Household Income is below the DUC standard of 80% of the State Median Household Income, the City of Lakeport is incorporated and thus is not a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community. b. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status SOI D7 Since the Median Household Income within the City of Lakeport is $61,000 and lower than 80% of the State Median Household Income ($73,524) the area is considered “Disadvantaged” SOI D8 The City of Lakeport is incorporated and thus is not a “Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community”. 77 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 78 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 62 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 LAKEPORT FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT 22 23 24 15 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 27 26 25 28 27 33 34 35 36 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 32 31 32 33 35 36 31 04 03 02 34 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 08 09 10 11 12 17 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 16 15 14 13 VU 29 18 17 16 15 14 13 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 34 35 36 30 29 28 27 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 02 01 12 05 04 03 02 06 05 04 03 09 10 11 12 07 08 10 09 17 16 15 14 13 18 16 15 21 21 22 23 24 19 20 22 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 LAKE COUNTY 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 02 01 06 05 04 03 11 12 11 07 08 09 10 Lakeport FPD 17 16 15 Lakeport Fire Protection District (Sphere of Influence) LAFCo Resolution: 2015-0007 Adopted: July 15, 2015 0 0.5 1 2 Miles Source: Lake County LAFCo Map Created 3/6/2019 63 dR sgnirpS dnalhgiH Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 6 NORTHSHORE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT Northshore Area The Northshore FPD includes the communities of Upper Lake, Nice, Lucerne, and Clearlake Oaks. Each community will be described briefly below. Upper Lake Upper Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) located 8 miles north of Lakeport at an elevation of 1,345 feet. The 2024 population of Upper Lake was 658. Upper Lake is currently declining at a rate of -18.36% annually and its population has decreased by -47.36% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 1,250 in 2020. The average household income in Upper Lake is $102,501.79 According to this figure the average household income is well above the State of California Median Household Income of $91,905 meaning this is not a disadvantaged community. According to the California Department of Water Resources the Upper Lake area is a disadvantaged community. Further Research in the form of an income survey for the community regarding the reported high income level may be needed since there is conflicting data sources as to Upper Lake’s status as being a Disadvantaged Community. For the purposes of this MSR Upper Lake shall be designated a Disadvantaged Community and possibly a Severely Disadvantaged Community (60% below the state median household income). The Upper Lake Unified School District operates four schools in Upper Lake, an Elementary School, Middle School, High School and Continuation High School. Nice Nice is located 4.5 miles southeast of Upper Lake, at an elevation of 1.362 feet. Nice has a 2024 population of 2,371. Nice is currently declining at a rate of -0.38% annually and its population has decreased by -1.5% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 2,407 in 2020. The average household income in Nice is $72,006.80 A disadvantaged community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905, eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the income in Nice is below 80% of the State Median Household Income, Nice would qualify as a disadvantaged community. Students from Nice attend Upper Lake schools. Lucerne Lucerne is located 7.25 miles east-northeast of Lakeport at an elevation of 1329 feet. Lucerne has a 2024 population of 3,496. Lucerne is currently growing at a rate of 6.26% annually and its population has increased by 30.74% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 2,674 in 2020. The average household income in Lucerne is $51,693 with a poverty rate of 16.59%.81 64 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 79 Upper Lake, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. 80 Nice, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. 81 Lucerne, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. 65 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 A disadvantaged community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905, eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. Since the Median Household Income in Lucerne is less than the State Median Household Income the community would qualify as disadvantaged. There is an Elementary School in Lucerne operated by the Lucerne School District and the students attend Upper Lake High School. Clearlake Oaks Clearlake Oaks is located on the northeast of Clear Lake, 8 miles northwest of the City of Clearlake, at an elevation of 1,335 feet. In 2021, Clearlake Oaks, CA had a population of 2,171 people with a median age of 54.4 and a median household income of $48,221. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Clearlake Oaks, CA declined from 2,194 to 2,171, a −1.05% decrease and its median household income grew from $47,139 to $48,221, a 2.3% increase.82 A disadvantaged community has a Median Household Income less than 80% of the State of California Median Household Income. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905, eighty percent of the State Median Household Income is $73,524. The median household income for Clearlake Oaks is clearly less than that for the State so the community is a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community. Clearlake Oaks is within the Konocti Unified School District and has the East Lake Elementary School, Grades K to 7, with 184 students, located within the community.83 A. Northshore Fire Protection District The Northshore Fire Protection District is located in the north-central portion of Lake County. The District was formed in November of 2006 with the consolidation of four existing fire agencies: Upper Lake Fire, Nice Fire, Lucerne Fire, and Clearlake Oaks Fire. Encompassing 357 square miles, the Northshore FPD is one of the largest fire districts in the State. The Fire District provides services to more than 10,000 residents with thousands more flocking to the area during the summer months. There are no incorporated cities within the district, but there are several rural towns and communities spread out along the 46 miles of State Highway 20 that passes through the District. The District has substantial wildland and wildland intermix fuel types. Much of the District’s wildland acreage is categorized as State Responsibility Area or Federal Responsibility Area, so there is strong inter-agency cooperation between the district, CALFIRE, and the U.S. Forest Service. There are currently 19 permanent full-time Fire/EMS employees and 3 full-time administrative employee in the District. There are volunteer firefighters among the various stations. 82 Clearlake oaks Ca income data - Search (bing.com), March 24, 2024. 83 Public Elementary Schools in Clearlake Oaks, CA - Niche, March 24, 2024. 66 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD provides, advanced life support (ALS) and basic life support (BLS) medical services and transports, low and high angle rescues, patient extrication from entrapment as a result of vehicle accidents, firefighter support/ rehab services throughout the county, available to any requesting agency, limited hazardous material responses, and a fully functioning dive team for recovery and rescue. NFPD also has a boat capable of providing up to 500 gallons per minute of water used for fires on or near the water as well as rescue capabilities. Northshore FPD Contact Information and Fire Stations The Northshore FPD contact information is as follows: Mailing address: Northshore FPD, PO Box 1199, Lucerne, Ca. 95458 Phone number and email: 707-274-3100, mcolacion@northshorefpd.com Fire Chief Name, address: Mike Ciancio, Fire Chief, 6257 Seventh Avenue, Lucerne CA 95458 There are four fire stations as follows:84 Station 75, 12655 E. Hwy 20, Clearlake Oaks Station 75 is located in Clearlake Oaks. It is staffed 24/7 by a Firefighter/EMT and a Firefighter/Paramedic and responds to all calls for service. Station 80, 6257 7th Ave., Lucerne Station 80 is located in Lucerne. It is staffed 24/7 by two Firefighter/EMTs or one Firefighter/EMT and one Firefighter/Paramedic. It is also the home of our administrative staff. Station 85, 3708 Manzanita Dr., Nice Station 85 in Nice is staffed by a Firefighter/EMT and a Firefighter/Paramedic 24/7 and responds to all calls for service. Station 90, 9420 Main St., Upper Lake Station 90 is located in Upper Lake. It is staffed daily from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm with a Firefighter/EMT. Station 90 responds to all calls for service. Northshore FPD Mission Statement The mission statement for the Northshore FPD is as follows: Disadvantaged Communities According to the 2018-2022 American Community Survey’s latest 2022 data estimates, the median household income (MHI) in the Clearlake Oaks, Lucerne, Nice and Upper Lake Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are $43,024, 26,026, $69,653 and $41,486 respectively. With a poverty rates of 20.7%,6.5%,8.8% and 0% respectively. US Census Data for 2018-2022 reported that the Median Household Income (MHI) estimate for California is $91,905 with poverty rate was 8.5%. Lake County has an overall 10.2% poverty rate. 84 STATIONS | Northshore Fire (northshorefpd.com), March 25, 2024. 67 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income (MHI) is considered disadvantaged and sixty percent of the State MHI is considered severely disadvantaged. Since the Clearlake Oaks, Lucerne, and Nice Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are $43,024, $26,026, and $69,653 respectively and the areas are well below the State MHI of $73,524 and therefore disadvantaged. The Communities of Clearlake Oaks, Lucerne, and Nice are less than $55,143 MHI and are considered severely disadvantaged communities. According to the Department of Water Resources Disadvantaged Mapping tool, the communities of Clearlake Oaks, Lucerne, Upper Lake and Nice are considered Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC). Northshore FPD Board of Directors The Northshore FPD Board members represent various areas of the District as follows: Becky Schwenger, Lucerne term expires 2026 Jim Burton, at large term expires 2026 Shannon Stilwell, Upper Lake term expires 2024 John Barnette, Nice term expires 2026 Lynn Ringuette, Clearlake Oaks term expires 2024 The Northshore Fire Protection District meets the 2nd Wednesday of every month at 2pm. Meetings are held at our district office: 6257 7th Avenue in Lucerne. FPD Emergency Medical Service Eighty percent of the calls for service are medical requests. The Northshore FPD employs Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics highly trained in emergency medical care. Northshore Fire Protection District stocks some of the most advanced emergency medical equipment and technology including Zoll Monitors (defibrillator for pre-hospital care), Stryker Power Pro Gurneys with the Power Load system in all of the front-line ambulances. Northshore FPD Additional Services The Northshore FPD offers two additional services that other fire departments in Lake County do not have: 1. The Dive Team responds to water emergencies located around Clear Lake. The dive team consists of several divers and multiple line tenders. 2. The support team is a group of volunteers dedicated to ensuring the safety of firefighters by providing food, hydration, and a warm or cool environment as needed. The Support team is led by a Battalion Chief and is comprised of volunteers. The support team is often requested mutual aid to other districts, since it is the only team of its type in Lake County.85 Northshore FPD Equipment The following four lists of equipment for each station were supplied by the Northshore FPD: 85 Northshore FPD, PUBLIC SAFETY DIVISION | Northshore Fire (northshorefpd.com), March 25, 2024. 68 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD Clearlake Oaks Fire Station Apparatus Type Year Tank GPM Comments Size Engine 7511 HME 2010 1000 1500 Engine 7531 BME 2020 500 500 Engine 7711 Ford C800 1989 800 1000 Engine 7561 Ford/Fouts Bros. 2006 300 150 Water Tender 7511 Kenworth/Fouts Bros. 2010 2000 1000 Utility-7 Chevrolet 2014 Utility Pick up 69 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD Lucerne Fire Station Apparatus Type Year Tank GPM Comments Size Engine 8011 International/ 2007 500 1250 Ferrara Engine 8061 Ford/Fouts 2006 300 150 Support Ford 1990 Breathing air support/ 8011 rehab Medic 8011 Ford/Braun 2016 Ambulance Medic 8012 Ford/Braun 2011 Ambulance Reserve Northshore FPD Nice Fire Station Apparatus Type Year Tank Size GPM Comments Engine 8411 International 2005 1000 1250 Engine 8531 International 1996 500 500 Medic 8511 Ford/Braun 2017 Ambulance Northshore FPD Upper Lake Fire Station Apparatus Type Year Tank Size GPM Comments Engine 9011 Westates 1998 500 1250 Engine 9061 Ford/ Fouts 2006 300 150 Support 9011 Ford/ Modular 1998 Firefighter rehab vehicle Rescue 9011 Ford/ Lifeline 2000 Dive/Rescue truck Medic 9011 Ford Van Type 2005 Ambulance Northshore FPD Calls The Northshore FPD answered 4151 calls in 2022 divided by type as follows: Northshore FPD 2022 Calls Major Incident Type Number of Percent of Incidents Total Fire 138 3.32% Overpressure rupture, explosion, overheat-no fire 3 0.07% Rescue/Emergency Medical Service 2,412 58.11% Hazardous Condition-no fire 69 1.66% Service Call 622 14.98% Good Intent Call 818 19.71% False Alarm and False Call 76 1.83% Severe Weather and Natural Disaster 2 0.05% Special Incident Type 11 0.26% TOTAL 4,151 100.00% The Northshore FPD is similar to other fire protection districts because the most common type of call is for rescue and emergency medical service. 70 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 The calls were divided among the fire stations as follows: Northshore FPD 2022 Calls Station Count Clearlake Oaks Station 1526 Spring Valley Station, Clearlake Oaks 2 Lucerne Station 1475 Nice Station 1060 Upper Lake Station 88 Total 4151 Northshore FPD Water Supply NFPD relies on water from the following five sources: • Clearlake Oaks County Water District (water from Clear Lake) • Glenhaven Mutual Water Company (serves 122 customers) • California Water Service-Lucerne • Nice Mutual Water Company (nonprofit corporation, water from Clear Lake) • Upper Lake County Water District (Well water) Northshore FPD Fees All fire districts have been hampered in raising fees as a result of the CALFIRE tax implemented in 2011 of $150 per house on houses within the State Responsibility Area or $135 per house if within a fire protection district. (this tax has since been repealed but its affect remains).The districts that combined to form the Northshore FPD had parcel taxes for fire protection before the formation of the Northshore FPD. These taxes are still in effect. The tax for a single family home in each area is as follows: Nice: $45.00 Upper Lake: $52.50 Lucerne: $60.00 Clearlake Oaks: $60.00 Each area has a full schedule for the various types of development which would be more or less than the single family home fee shown above. 71 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD Budget The Northshore FPD Budget for 2023-2024 is shown below. Northshore Fire Protection District Budget 2023-24 Revenue 2021-22 2022-23 2023-2024 Actual Actual Adopted TAXES 10-10 Current Secured 913,824 1,144,427 1,140,000 10-20 Current Unsecured 22,300 25,536 25,000 10-25 Supplemental 813-Current 19,279 27,331 27,000 10-35 Supplemental 813-Prior 5,532 6,087 6,000 10-40 Prior Unsecured 913 1,512 1,500 PERMITS 21-60 Other 215,406 10,039 10,000 FINES, FORFEIT, PENALTIES 31-95 Penalties & Cost on Delinquencies 234 237 0 USE OF MONEY & PROPERTY 42-01 Interest 5,442 31,860 31,000 42-10 Rents & Concessions 12,282 14,400 14,400 INTERGOVRNMENT REVENUES 54-60 HOPTR 9,639 9,579 9,500 OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES 54-90 Other 8,375 6,914 6,900 56-30 Other 202,680 223,068 0 CHARGES FOR SERVICES 66-30 Agricultural Services 7,627 2,579 0 PUBLIC PROTECTION 68-60 Institutional Care and Services 1,577,835 2,891,660 1,200,000 OTHER CURRENT SERVICES 69-20 Other 585 1,270 1,270 69-29 Fire Protection 661,203 655,765 655,000 OTHER 79-90 Miscellaneous 831,809 166,993 20,000 79-91 Cancelled Checks 216 10 0 79-92 Insurance Rebate 0 25,874 0 79-93 Insurance Proceeds 158,816 69,280 0 79-99 Donations 652 80,170 0 SALES 79-60 Sales of Fixed Assets 0 5,850 0 OPERATING TRANSFERS 81-22 In 0 36,900 44,700 TOTAL REVENUE 4,654,650 5,437,342 3,192,270 72 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore Fire Protection District Budget 2023-24 EXPENSES 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Actual Actual Adopted SALARIES AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 01-11 Permanent 731,807 936,173 993,900 01-12 Extra Help 217,274 61,443 130,800 01-13 OT, Holiday, Standby 142,012 44,755 65,000 02-21 FICA 34,011 12,826 11,200 02-22 PERS 299,999 276,720 342,000 03-30 Health/Life Insurance 173,082 242,377 347,500 03-31 Unemployment 10,038 2,929 61,000 03-39 State Disability 9,477 5,239 11,100 04-00 Worker’s Compensation 50,426 112,402 128,000 SERVICES AND SUPPLIES 11-00 Clothing &Personal Supplies 7,290 9,190 15,500 12-00 Communications 91,670 95,869 100,500 14-00 Household Expense 4,891 5,851 11,100 15-10 Other 40,481 37,708 0 15-12 Public Liability 0 0 45,000 17-00 Maintenance-Equipment 72,721 92,487 96,900 18-00 Maintenance Buildings & Improvements 14,540 16,921 11,745 19-40 Medical, Dental Lab Expenses 31,725 35,900 48,000 20-00 Memberships 3,928 4,720 5,100 22-70 Supplies 2,617 4,320 6,000 22-71 Postage 1,952 1,514 2,500 22-72 Books & Periodicals 463 99 600 23-80 Professional/Specialized Services 38,872 37,206 40,100 24-00 Publication and Legal Notices 468 0 1,000 25-00 Rents and Leases Equipment 2,216 4,744 5,000 27-00 Small Tools and Instruments 81 32 4,000 28-30 Supplies and Services 7,097 8,497 18,740 28-48 Ambulance Expense 42,440 61,176 72,700 29-50 Transportation & Travel 53,794 62,978 78,200 30-00 Utilities 46,643 40,283 48,800 OTHER CHARGES 42-10 Notes & Loans 63,617 47,091 49,900 46-20 Judgments 0 200,800 0 CAPITAL ASSETS 61-60 Current 10,245 17,009 16,500 62-71 Office 0 2,203 6,000 62-72 Autos & Light Trucks 0 23,352 30,500 62-74 Other 236 17,659 15,000 62-76 Fire Hoses 0 1,367 15,000 APPROPRIATIONS FOR CONTINGENCIES 90-91 Contingencies 0 0 51,663 TOTAL EXPENDITURES/APPROPRIATIONS 2,136,113 2,524,200 2,886,548 Net Cost (218,266) 167,164 713,644 73 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD Audit The Budget shows a plan for spending, the Audit deals with funds actually spent. The entire Audit can be found on the District website. The Statement of Net Position is shown below: Northshore Fire Protection District Modified Cash Basis Statement of Net Position June 30, 202386 Total Governmental Activities ASSETS Cash and investments $4,393,584 Restricted cash and investments 121,825 Capital assets: Non-depreciable 622,487 Depreciable, net 2,937,313 Total capital assets 3,559,800 Total Assets 8,075,209 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred pension adjustments 1,561,096 Total deferred Outflows of Resources 1,561,096 LIABILITIES Long-term liabilities: Due within one year 177,185 Due in more than one year 303,619 Net pension liability 2,993,411 Total Liabilities 3,474,215 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred pension adjustments 266,253 Total Deferred Inflows of Resources 266,253 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets 3,416,128 Restricted for capital projects 251,730 Restricted for net pension liability 121,825 Unrestricted 2,106,154 Total Net Position $5,895,837 86 Northshore Fire Protection District, Audit for Fiscal Year ended June 30, 2023, prepared by Smith and Newell, 930 Tharp Road, Suite 502, Yuba City CA, accounting@smithandnewell.com, January 26, 2004. 74 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 B. Northshore Fire Protection District MSR 1 Growth and Population Projections for the Northshore Fire Protection District Area87 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. Northshore Area Population Projections Although the Lake County General Plan predicted population growth for the Northshore FPD area, the area has lost population in recent years. The State of California has lost population so this is not unusual. The population loss may have leveled off and the area may grow slowly in the future. The tourist population has remained fairly steady. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the Northshore FPD Area MSR E1) The Northshore FPD area has experienced a slight loss of population but the tourist population has remained steady and the need for fire protection and medical emergency services has not decreased. 2. Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) within or Contiguous to Northshore FPD 88 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent city. Determination of Northshore FPD Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status A Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community has a population with income below 80% of the State Median Household Income. The communities of Nice, Lucerne, and Clearlake Oaks meet this criteria. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near Northshore FPD MSR E2) The communities of Nice, Lucerne, Clearlake Oak and Upper Lake meet the criteria for a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC) according to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 3. Northshore FPD Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 89 87 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 88 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 89 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 75 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Northshore FPD Infrastructure The employment and equipment for the Northshore FPD are described above in this report. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Northshore Fire Protection District 90 MSR E3) The capacity and infrastructure for the Northshore FPD are adequate. MSR E4) The cooperation of the various stations within the Northshore FPD enhances the capacity of the District to meet the fire protection and emergency medical needs of the area. MSR E5) The Northshore FPD has 19 full-time paid suppression personnel which include two administrative secretaries, 6 temporary personnel and 20 volunteers. MSR E6) The Northshore FPD has developed a fulltime Fuels Crew. Crew consists of one Captain and ten fuel crew members. This crew will work on fuel reduction projects throughout the County of Lake. 4. Financial Ability to Provide Services91 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. Financial Considerations for Northshore Fire Protection District The Northshore Fire Protection District has a special tax for each area in addition to property taxes as described above in this report. MSR Determinations on Financing for Northshore Fire Protection District MSR E7) The Northshore FPD prepares a budget and audit as required and works with the Lake County Department of Budget and Finance to manage funds. There were no findings in the audit 5. Northshore FPD Opportunities for Shared Facilities92 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. Northshore FPD Facilities The Northshore Fire Protection District relies on water from local water districts or water companies. The District works with local, state and federal organizations on fuel management, personnel and equipment needs. 90 Northshore Fire Protection District, 2024. 91 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 92 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 75 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for Northshore Fire Protection District MSR E8) The Northshore FPD uses the County to keep funds and process claims. MSR E9) NFPD has contracts to provide personnel, engines/equipment and water tenders to USFS and CALFIRE. CALFIRE responds to all calls in the Clearlake Oaks area during fire season per and Automatic Aid agreement. MSR E10) NFPD relies on water from the Clearlake Oaks County Water District, Glenhaven Mutual Water Company, California Water Service-Lucerne, Nice Mutual Water Company and Upper Lake County Water District. MSR E11) The newly developed fuels crew relies on partnerships throughout the County including the Lake County Resource Conservation District (RCD), Clear Lake Environmental Research Center (CLERC), United States Forest Service (USFS), PG&E, private land owners and other entities for project work. 6. Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies93 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. Government Structure The Northshore FPD was formed by a consolidation of the Upper Lake FPD, Nice FPD, Clearlake Oaks FPD and the Lucerne Park and Recreation District and has a five-member Board of Directors and meetings open to the public. The Fire District also provides opportunities for volunteers to assist in fire protection activities. MSR Determinations on Government Structure for Northshore FPD MSR E12) The Northshore FPD has regular Board meetings with agendas posted at the fire stations and on the District website. MSR E13) The Northshore FPD maintains fire stations in various areas to serve the District. MSR E14) The Northshore FPD Board meetings are held at the Lucerne station on the second Wednesday of every month @ 2pm. MSR E15) The Northshore FPD should post the ISO report on the District website. 93 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 76 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 C. Northshore Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence Recommendation for Northshore Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence The recommendation for the Northshore FPD Sphere of Influence is for the Sphere to be the same as the District boundary. 1. Present and Planned Land Uses in the Northshore FPD Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands A. General Plan and Zoning for the Northshore FPD area All of the communities in the Northshore FPD area are recognized in the Lake County General Plan and are expected to continue to need fire protection. B. SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for Northshore FPD SOI E1 The four communities in the Northshore FPD will continue to need services such as fire protection and EMS. The slight decline in population is considered temporary and may be reversed in the future. 2. Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the Northshore FPD Area94 A. Municipal Service Background The Northshore FPD communities have municipal services such as water and fire protection. They are served by schools, and businesses. They provide for tourists, especially during the summer. B. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for Northshore FPD SOI E2 The Northshore FPD will continue to be needed in the future. The Northshore FPD has recognized that the majority of calls will be for medical assistance and is prepared to respond to these calls. 3. Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services95 A. Northshore FPD Capacity Background The Northshore FPD maintains fire stations in each of the four communities; but has a headquarters office in Lucerne. This is a way to minimize administrative costs but still provide services in each community. 94 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) 95 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 77 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 B. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for Northshore FPD SOI E3] As the Northshore FPD continues to work with the four fire stations and provide services to the community the District will realize the economies of scale that the original merger of districts was meant to achieve. SOI E4] The cost of a Fire Chief and Administration will be shared by the four areas instead of being unnecessarily replicated. 4. Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Northshore FPD96 A. Northshore FPD Community There are four distinct communities within the Northshore FPD. The communities are small and do not have a complete range of economic, social, and medical services within each area. By working together, the communities are able to maintain more services than each community could by itself. The Northshore FPD is an excellent example of the advantages of working together to provide superior life support services as needed. B. SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for the Northshore FPD SOI E5 The Northshore FPD is developing a community spirit within the entire District while preserving the sense of community for the historic towns within the District. 5. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status97 A. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities A Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community has a population with income below 80% of the State Median Household Income. The communities of Nice, Lucerne, and Clearlake Oaks meet this criteria. B. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status SOI E6 The communities of Nice, Lucerne and Clearlake Oaks are Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities. 96 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 97 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 78 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 NORTHSHORE FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT R 11 E R 10 E R 9 E R 8 E R 7 E R 6 E R 5 E 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 32 33 34 35 36 03 02 01 05 04 03 02 01 10 11 12 08 09 10 11 12 T 18 N 15 2 1 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 1 0 7 2 1 1 6 2 1 2 5 2 1 3 4 2 1 4 3 19 20 26 25 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 35 3 0 6 1 3 0 2 5 0 3 4 3 0 3 3 4 0 3 2 5 0 36 1 06 05 04 03 02 01 3 0 1 6 3 0 2 5 3 0 3 4 2 8 3 0 4 3 12 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 T 17 N 13 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 2 2 0 9 2 2 1 8 2 2 2 7 26 23 2 2 4 5 19 3 0 20 2 9 21 2 8 27 2 2 2 2 6 3 2 2 5 4 3 1 0 9 2 2 9 0 21 2 8 27 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 3 4 0 0 5 8 0 0 4 9 1 03 0 1 0 1 2 1 0 2 1 05 04 03 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0 3 2 2 3 1 8 2 3 2 2 4 7 2 2 3 6 3 5 25 3 6 16 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 UV 0 2 1 9 06 05 04 33 03 02 Lower Lake 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 31 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 1 0 2 1 0 0 7 6 08 05 Mo 0 r 9 g an 10 V al 1 l 1 e y R 12 d 07 08 09 T 12 N 17 1 2 6 1 1 2 5 2 1 2 4 3 13 2 4 18 1 9 1 2 7 0 2 1 1 6 2 15 2 23 14 L 1 o 32 c 4 h L 1 o 8 m 2107 o n 12 d 16 2 1 2 5 2 1 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 9 8 2 1 0 7 2 1 1 6 2 1 2 5 2 1 3 4 2 1 4 3 1 1 9 8 1 2 7 0 1 2 6 1 22 UV 128 26 2 3 5 6 3 3 0 1 0 6 0 7 2 3 9 2 0 0 5 8 3 2 3 0 0 8 4 9 3 2 4 1 0 7 0 3 3 0 1 5 2 1 2 6 H C o o b 2 1 5 b e 2 3 r b 6 g 3 0 s 0 0 7 3 6 1 3 2 2 9 0 0 8 5 0 2 0 4 8 9 3 3 10 2 3 7 4 0 3 2 3 6 5 0 1 2 1 2 3 0 1 5 6 2 1 3 3 0 0 1 6 0 7 H 2 3 0 9 2 5 i 0 d 8 d 2 0 3 8 4 3 e 0 n 9 2 3 0 V 7 4 3 a 10 l l 2 3 0 e 6 5 2 y 2 3 0 5 6 1 3 3 0 0 1 0 6 7 2 0 0 3 9 8 5 2 3 2 0 0 3 8 9 4 2 3 7 1 0 4 0 3 02 1 1 T 11 N LAKE COUNTY 17 16 2 2 1 8 1 2 5 2 2 1 3 4UV 1 7 5 2 1 4 3 A 1 1 8 9 n d 1 e 2 7 0 r s 21 o 1 6 n 1 S 5 prings 18 17 16 2 1 2 1 2 5 2 1 1 3 1 4 1 2 1 3 4 2 1 1 8 9 1 2 7 0 2 1 1 6 2 1 2 5 14 T 10 N S N p o h rt e h r s e h o o f r e In F fl P u D en a c n e d UV 128 North Shore FPD 2 3 7 0 4 3 3 0 2 5 2 1 6 1 0 3 1 2 1 6 5 2 1 3 0 1 0 3 7 3 8 6 0 1 2 3 1 0 9 2 0 7 8 5 0 0 1 C 4 9 6 O 2 1 L UV 1 L 0 1 A 2 5 2 Y 9 2 O M I 0 2 1 2 M 3 1 1 4 i 1 d 2 2 1 d 4 3 G U 0 l 7 E e 1 N 1 8 t O 9 o C w 17 2 n 0 1 21 6 2125 2 7 2 3 1 4 2 6 1 0 3 2 1 5 2 1 4 0 3 3 1 2 1 6 5 2 1 9 1 8 0 0 3 3 7 6 1 0 0 8 0 5 3 2 2 9 33 2 8 27 North Shore FPD Sphere of Influe28n 2c7e 26 25 30 29 28 34 35 4 Northshore Fire Protection District (Sphere of Influence) LAFCo Resolution: 2015-0007 Adopted: July 15, 2015 0 1.5 3 6 Miles Source: Lake County LAFCo Map Created 3/6/2019 79 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 7 SOUTH LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT A. South Lake County Fire Protection District Area Middletown Middletown was given its name because it is halfway between Lower Lake and Calistoga to the south. The first house was built at the site by J.H. Berry in 1870. The town began in 1871. The Middleton post office opened in 1871 and changed its name to Middletown in 1875. Middletown enjoyed a robust quicksilver mining industry through the end of the 19th century. By the early 1900s, cattle and sheep ranching were prominent, along with some limited pear and walnut production. A resort economy sprung up around the various natural springs, and the area around Middletown attracted vacationers from the Bay Area through the 1950s. As travel costs decreased, tourism to the resorts diminished as patrons were able use air travel to vacation in more far flung places. Many of the resorts closed in the 1960s. In the 1970s and early 1980, exploitation of nearby geothermal resources brought an influx of workers into the local economy. Electrical power plants powered by "steam wells" were built in the mountains above Middletown. As housing prices in the Bay Area increased in the late 20th century, Middletown and nearby Hidden Valley Lake enjoyed a population boom as commuters moved to the Middletown area looking for affordable housing; keeping their jobs 50 to 100 miles away in Santa Rosa, Napa, and San Francisco. Middletown is currently populated primarily by commuters and retirees, enjoying a modest tourist trade based primarily on Harbin Hot Springs and the Twin Pine Casino located on the local Rancheria south of the town. Middletown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County. Its population was 725 at the 2020 census down from 1,323 at the 2010 census. In 2021, Middletown, CA had a population of 1,580 people with a median age of 33.1 and a median household income of $150,473. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Middletown, CA grew from 725 to 1,577, a 118% increase. The population has increased to 2771 in 2024.98 The median household income grew from $144,696 to $150,473, a 3.99% increase. US Census Data reported that the Median Household Income for California was $91,905 and the poverty rate was 12.2%. Middletown is not a disadvantaged unincorporated community because the Median Household Income is higher than the State Median Household Income. The Middletown Unified School District operates the following schools: 1. Cobb Mountain Elementary School 2. Coyote Valley Elementary School 3. Minnie Cannon Elementary School 4. Middletown Middle School 5. Middletown High School Loconoma Valley High School99 98 Middletown, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 28, 2024. 99 Middletown Unified School District (middletownusd.org), March 27, 2024. 80 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Anderson Springs The 129-year old Anderson Springs community lies below the ridgeline of the Mayacmas Mountains, approximately five miles west of Middletown and is accessed from State Highway 175. An area that once drew visitors to medicinal springs and hot baths, Anderson Springs is now a small residential community for a year-round and vacationing population. Schools are located in Middletown. In 1874, the Anderson Springs resort opened by Anderson family.100 The original hotel was built in 1876 and could accommodate about 30 guests. Bathhouses were near the hotel, but the hot spring was 2,500 feet away with water conducted through a wooden pipe. A steam bath was arranged over a hot spring on the bank of the Creek. For many years daughters of Dr. Anderson ran the resort. In 1910 the hotel and cottages provided accommodations for 150 guests.101 The Anderson heirs sold the resort property to A.R. Meade and he sold lots for vacation homes in the 1920’s and 1930’s. 102 The Community Services District was formed in 1984 and served 194 homes.103 The Anderson Springs community was heavily impacted by the Valley Fire of 2015. The fire caused two fatalities and destroyed 90% of the town's homes, leaving most community members homeless. More than 1,000 people were living in shelters.104 The rebuilding process has been impeded by newer building requirements, along with septic issues. While the septic issues have been mitigated, the community struggles with post-fire recovery and rebuilding.105 Cobb Cobb is located on State highway 175 at an elevation of 2,600 feet. In 2021, Cobb, CA had a population of 646 people with a median age of 54.5 and a median household income of $100,739. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Cobb, CA declined from 805 to 646, a −19.8% decrease. Cobb was another community devastated by the Valley Fire (2015). The rebuilding following the fire has been slow, and is estimated around 30%. Infrastructure improvements have been implemented by the Water District in new water mains and fire hydrants in some areas. PG&E has also been undergrounding distribution lines in select areas of the community. 106 Coyote Valley and Hidden Valley Lake Coyote Valley is located just northeast of Middletown on State Highway 29. Most of the population in Coyote Valley resides in the Hidden Valley Lake area, a master-planned community started in 1968. This area is located adjacent to the man-made Hidden Valley Lake that offers boating, fishing, and swimming activities. The Hidden Valley Lake Golf Course is also within the community. The Coyote Valley community is dominated by single family housing, but 100 http://www.lakecounty.com/history.htm, Sept. 17, 2007 101 http://www.andersonsprings.org/History.html, Sept.17, 2007 102 http://www.andersonsprings.org/History.html, September 17, 2007 103 Anderson Springs CSD, Meriel Medrano, Phone: (707)987-0277, December 22, 2009. 104 Sangree, Hudson (October 5, 2015). "A few live on amid ashes of Valley fire community of Anderson Springs". The Sacramento Bee. 105 South Lake County Fire Protection District, 2024. 106 South Lake County Fire Protection District, 2024. 81 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 does contain some commercial and light industrial uses. The population estimate for Hidden Valley Lake is 6,235 in 2020. The median household income is $82,673 for 2022.107 Jerusalem Valley The South Lake County FPD annexed 17,000 acres known as Jerusalem Valley in 2006.108 This area extends from the Hidden Valley Lake area east to the Napa/Lake County line. Land uses in the area are primarily range, rural lands and rural residential.109 B. South Lake County Fire Protection District South Lake County FPD History The ancestral lands of Lake County were originally inhabited by the Pomo people, a group of Native Americans here today, who are renowned for their intricate basketry, sustainable hunting practices, and a harmonious coexistence with Nature. The Pomo people's influence is woven into the very fabric of Lake County, from the names of some of its towns, to the traditions that continue to be passed down through generations. At one time, The Community of Middletown was known as Middle Station, and was a halfway point on the stagecoach route over Mt. St. Helena from Calistoga to Lower Lake. The first house was built at the site by J.H. Berry in 1870.[3] The town began in 1871.[3] The Middleton post office opened in 1871 and changed its name to Middletown in 1875.[3] Middletown enjoyed a robust quicksilver (mercury) mining industry through the end of the 19th century. By the early 1900s, cattle and sheep ranching were prominent, along with some limited pear and walnut production. A resort economy sprung up around the various natural springs, and the area around Middletown attracted vacationers from the Bay Area through the 1950s. Many of the resorts closed in the 1960s. SLCFPD is an independent special district with an elected Board of Directors, which was formed in 1925 as the Middletown Fire Protection District. The Lake County Board of Supervisors appointed the Board of Directors until 1988, when it was changed to an elected board. The District was renamed as the South Lake County Fire Protection District on March 18, 1987. The South Lake County Fire Protection District (SLCFPD) serves an area of approximately 285 square miles in the southern portion of Lake County and is the third largest fire district in the state of California. Napa County bounds the District on the south, Sonoma County on the west, the Kelseyville Fire Protection District on the north and the Lake County Fire Protection District on the north/east. In 1949, SLCFPD annexed the areas of the geothermal geyser industry. In October of 1989, the District annexed 6,500 acres in the Loch Lomond area. In 2006, the District annexed 17,000 acres in the Jerusalem Valley area. At this time, mutual aid agreements have also been developed with CALFIRE/Napa County for fire protection and emergency medical services on Highway 29 between the Napa County line and the Robert Louis Stevenson Memorial State Park as well as the area of the Lake/Napa County line on Butts Canyon. 107 US Census Bureau Quick Facts, Hidden Valley Lake CDP, California, March 27, 2024. 108 Lake LAFCO, Resolution 2006-0005 Jerusalem Valley Annex to SLCFPD July 19, 2006. 109 Lake LAFCO, Executive Officer’s Report, Jerusalem Valley Annex to the SLFPD, July 19, 2006. 82 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Mission Statement It is the South Lake County Fire Protection District's (SLCFPD) mission to minimize injuries, fatalities, and property losses through efficient and effective fire protection programs while maintaining a high level of fire suppression of structural, vehicular and wildland fires. In addition, minimizing injuries and fatalities related to emergency medical incidents by providing rescue and Advanced Life Support (ALS) ambulance services.110 Disadvantaged Communities According to the 2018-2022 American Community Survey’s latest 2022 data estimates, the median household income (MHI) in the Cobb, Hidden Valley Lake, and Middletown Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are $109,241, $82,673, and $163,247 respectively. With poverty rates of 0%, 8.1%, 2.2% respectively. US Census Data for 2018-2022 reported that the Median Household Income (MHI) estimate for California is $91,905 with poverty rate was 8.5%. Lake County has an overall 10.2% poverty rate. Eighty percent of the State Median Household Income (MHI) is considered disadvantaged and sixty percent of the State MHI is considered severely disadvantaged. Since the Cobb, Hidden Valley Lake, and Middletown Census Designated Places (CDP’s) are are $109,241, $82,673, and $163,247 respectively and the areas are above the State MHI of $73,524 they are not considered. disadvantaged. According to the Department of Water Resources Disadvanged Mapping tool, these communities are not mapped and are not considered Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC). Standards SLCFPD has adopted the California Department of Forestry (CDF) Fire Safe Standards as fire protection guidelines for existing structures and new development in areas exposed to wildland interface fires as recommended in the Cobb and Middletown Area Plans of 1989. The basis for fire service standards rely on studies of the District, standards and practices of Fire Officers, LAFCO Sphere of influence studies, the Lake County General and Community Plans, the Insurance Services Office standards and testing of the Fire Protection System and the National Fire Protection Association Standards.111 Contact Information112 1. Headquarters, South Lake County Fire Protection District 21095 State Highway 175 (mailing: PO Box 1360), Middletown, CA 95461 Phone Number: 1-707-987-3089 ext 0 for general messages Fax: 1-707-987-9478 110 Home (southlakecountyfire.org). March 27, 2024. 111 Home (southlakecountyfire.org). March 27, 2024. 112 Contacts (southlakecountyfire.org), March 27, 2024. 83 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 2. Cobb Station 62 16547 Hwy 175, Cobb, CA 95426 Phone Number: 1-707-928-5411 Fax: 1-707-928-4512 3. Hidden Valley Station 63 19287 Hartman Road, Hidden Valley Lake, CA 95467 Phone Number: 1-707-987-2953 Fax: 1 -707-987-1153 4. Loch Lomond Station 64 10331 Loch Lomond Road, Loch Lomond, CA 95461 Phone Number: 1-707-928-5272 Board of Directors The Board of Directors for the South Lake County FPD is as follows: Rob Bostock term expires 2024 James Comisky term expires 2024 Matthew Stephenson term expires 2026 Stephanie Cline term expires 2026 Madelyn Martinelli term expires 2024 The Board of Directors meets the third Tuesday of each month, at 7:00 pm, at the Middletown Fire Station, 21095 State Highway 175, Middletown, CA. The public is encouraged to join the meetings via zoom and instructions are available on the District website. Volunteers and Staff113 The South Lake County Volunteer Firefighters Association consists of 35 volunteers. The District was staffed exclusively with volunteers until the first paid member was employed in 1978. The Fire Sirens is a District Auxiliary organization which was established in April of 1985, and supports programs for the District's operations. The Fire Sirens have provided significant support the District by raising funds to purchase equipment for the fire department. They also support personnel during training and emergency incidents by providing food and beverages. With the continuing loss of the Geothermal tax revenue, fiscal constraints caused the reduction in staffing and services within the District. This caused the District to only staff 1 station in Middletown, with 1 response person on duty in the late 1990's. In order to provide stability, the SLCFPD voted to enter into a contract to provide personnel, and management services form the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection on June 15, 2000. This took effect July 1, 2000. The District currently staffs Cobb, Middletown, and Hidden Valley with 2 response personnel at each location. Middletown CALFIRE Station is staffed in the winter months 113 ABOUT US (southlakecountyfire.org), March 27, 2024. 84 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 under the same contract. Ongoing fiscal constraints and obstacles continue to be a challenge to meet the growing need for service with the District. Even with a parcel tax, and mitigation fees, the future still holds certain challenges that are continually evaluated and overcome. Training and drills for volunteer firefighters are held on the second and fourth Wednesdays of each month at 7:00 PM at the Middletown Station 60. Stations and Equipment114 A. Station 60: 21095 Hwy 175, Middletown, CA (District Headquarters) This building is two stories, 11,650 square feet, built in 1992 and is owned by the District. The station has a conference room, administrative and personnel office, meeting room and kitchen area, two bathrooms, and four bay sections with drive through opening doors on the first floor. The second floor has living quarters with four sleeping rooms, full kitchen, computer bay and living quarters, two full sized bathrooms each with lockers, change stations and showers. On- site is an emergency propane generator. This building is equipped with a fire sprinkler system. The equipment housed at this station is as follows: Engines 6011 and 6031 Water Tender 6011 Rescue 6031 Medics 6011 and 6012 OES 359 Staff Pickup B. Station 62: 16547 Hwy 175, Cobb, CA This building is single story concrete block building of 5,520 square feet built in 1972 and is owned by the District. There is no shop area. The station has five apparatus bays consisting of 2,740 square feet, a 740 square feet kitchen area and living/office space with 2-bed dormitory, two 60 square foot bathrooms, a 500-gallon gasoline fuel tank, a 500-gallon diesel tank, and an emergency propane generator. The addition of a 1,920 square foot modular in fiscal year 2012-13 replaced the inadequate 740 square feet kitchen/living space. This area was less than ideal with no separation between work and living quarters. The addition allows for expansion of staffing levels based on emergency activity or public demand placed on the station by development and growth. The inadequate area became the office space, creating a more inviting and professional office environment for the public to conduct business. This building is not equipped with a fire sprinkler system. The equipment housed at this station is as follows: Engines 6221 and 6231 Water Tender 6211 Medic 6211 Snow Cat 6201 Utility 6221 C. Station 63: 19287 Hartmann Rd, Hidden Valley Lake, CA This building is a two story concrete block building of 2,740 square feet built in 1980 and is owned by the District. The lot size is 275,000 square feet and is owned by the District. There is no shop or storage area. The station has three apparatus bays consisting of 1,620 square feet and living 114 South Lake County FPD, Paul Duncan@CalFire, 2024. 85 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 quarters with dormitory of 1,120 square feet (720 square feet downstairs and 400 square feet upstairs), and emergency propane generator. This building is not equipped with a fire sprinkler system. The addition of a 2-story 8,000 square feet fire station in fiscal year 2026-27 will replace the inadequate dormitory of 1,120 square feet. The addition will allow for expansion of staffing levels based on emergency activity or public demand place on the station by development and growth. This building will be equipped with a fire sprinkler system. The equipment housed at this station is as follows: Engine 6321 Medic 6311 Utility 6321 D. Station 64: 10331 Redwood Rd, Loch Lomond, CA, This building is a 3,600 square foot single story frame/concrete block built in 1959 and is owned by the District. The station has four apparatus bays consisting of 2,400 square feet, kitchen area, two bathrooms of 80 square feet, and an emergency propane generator. This building is not equipped with a fire sprinkler system. The equipment housed at this station is as follows: Engine 6421 Utility 6421 UTV 6401 Call Volume and Types of Calls to South Lake County FPD A. South Lake County FPD Number of Calls The call volume for the South Lake County FPD has increased since 1994 as follows: 1994= 406 2002= 989 2010= 979 2018= 1643 1995= 372 2003= 881 2011= 1173 2019= 1787 1996= 425 2004= 1122 2012= 1201 2020= 1484 1997= 634 2005= 772 2013= 1423 2021= 1677 1998= 770 2006= 787 2014= 1306 2022= 1676 1999= 752 2007= 810 2015= 1415 2023= 1794 2000= 810+ 2008= 869 2016= 1233 2001= 960+ 2009= 876 2017= 1322 86 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 B. Types of Calls 2023 The South Lake County Fire Protection District received the following calls in 2023: Type of Call Number Percent Vegetation Fires 26 1% Structure Fires 38 2% Other Fires 101 6% Vehicle Accidents 186 10% Medical Calls 1141 64% Hazmats/FMS 91 5% Public Assistance 198 11% Other 13 1% TOTAL CALLS 1,794 100% The South Lake County FPD is similar to the other fire protection districts in that the majority of the calls are medical calls. The South Lake County FPD ISO “Final Community Classification” rating is a 04/4Y. South Lake County FPD Water Supply The South Lake County FPD relies on seven municipal water companies and private water sources including the following: Callayomi County Water District, 21282 Stewart Street, PO Box 92, Middletown, CA 95461 Hidden Valley Lake CSD, 19400 Hartmann Road, Hidden Valley Lake, CA 95467 Phone: 707-987-9271 Loch Lomond Mutual Water Company, PO Box 13, Cobb CA 95426 Phone: 707-928-5262 CSA No.18 (Cobb), Lake County Special Districts Dept., 230 N. Main St., Lakeport CA 95453 Phone: 707-263-0119 Fax: 707-263-3836 South Lake County FPD Budget The South Lake County FPD budget is shown below. The District has a parcel tax with various fees depending on the type of development. The fee for a single family home is $236.00 per year. The District also has mitigation fees for new construction. The Budget shows a higher amount for expenditures than for revenue but the actual expenses may be lower. 87 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOUTH LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT BUDGET 2023-24 REVENUE115 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Actual Actual Adopted PROPERTY TAXES 10-10 Current Secured 1,537,092 1,641,805 1,678,000 10-15 ERAF-SRAF 0 0 0 10-20 Current Unsecured 30,857 34,261 34,000 10-25 Supplemental 813- 23,454 29,134 0 Current 10-35 Supplemental 813-Prior 6,297 7,123 0 10-40 Prior Unsecured 1,269 2,093 0 PERMITS 21-60 Other 16,096 14,891 14,000 RENTS AND CONCESSIONS 42-10 Rents and Concessions 0 0 0 REVENUE FROM USE OF MONEY 42-01 Interest 10,846 78,840 26,000 STATE AID 54-60 HOPTR 13,332 12,850 13,000 54-90 Other 174,397 61,465 35,000 OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES 56-30 Other 132,844 275,845 84,080 SALES 79-50 Revenue Applicable Prior 95,206 193,616 0 Year 79-70 Other Sales- 22 2 0 Miscellaneous OTHER 79-90 Miscellaneous 51,017 10,291 0 79-91 Cancelled Checks 1,703 29 0 79-92 Insurance Rebate 6,183 6,071 79-93 Insurance Proceeds 0 494 0 OPERATING TRANSFERS 81-22 In 16,087 13,913 0 LONG-TERM NOTES 82-01 Capital Assets 0 0 50 TOTAL REVENUE $5,010,759 $5,453,538 $4,284,080 115 Fong, Gloria@CALFIRE 88 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 South Lake County Fire Protection District Budget 2023-24 EXPENSES116 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Actual Actual Adopted SALARIES AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 01-11 Permanent 6,100 6,100 6,300 01-12 Extra Help 126,232 123,982 115,000 01-13 OT, Holiday, Standby 37,351 22,107 36,750 02-21 FICA 13,294 12,046 12,600 03-30 Health/Life Insurance 26,886 21,491 35,595 03-31 Unemployment 2,801 1,909 5,250 04-00 Worker’s Compensation 26,483 29,881 31,101 SERVICES AND SUPPLIES 11-00 Clothing &Personal Supplies 8,486 41,801 25,200 12-00 Communications 28,543 16,504 23,100 13-00 Food 1,722 5,031 2,625 14-00 Household Expense 6,491 7,375 15,750 15-10 Other-Insurance 52,037 55,841 63,000 17-00 Maintenance-Equipment 78,263 79,769 84,000 18-00 Maintenance Buildings & Imps 82,660 121,537 92,014 19-40 Medical Expense 49,631 52,232 48,825 20-00 Memberships 1,700 1,700 6,510 22-70 Supplies 4,944 4,030 3,150 22-71 Postage 2,719 1,122 2,751 22-72 Books & Periodicals 0 0 0 23-80 Professional/Spec. Services 2,831,080 3,676,936 4,658,761 24-00 Publication and Legal Notices 306 287 1,155 27-00 Small Tools and Instruments 2,402 1,283 3,675 28-30 Supplies and Services 150,453 250,192 79,720 28-48 Ambulance Expense 114,914 313,311 208,600 29-50 Transportation & Travel 14,150 12,979 10,500 30-00 Utilities 70,774 94,869 100,000 38-00 Inventory Items 74,300 42,930 21,000 OTHER CHARGES 42-10 Notes & Loans 0 0 0 48-00 Taxes and Assessments 132 133 210 CAPITAL ASSETS 61-60 Current Bldg & Improvements 23,400 24,500 0 61-69 Prior Bldg & Improvements 0 0 0 62-74 Current Equipment / Other 186,027 126,049 0 62-79 Prior Equipment/Other 81,133 13,410 0 TOTAL EXPENDITURES/ 4,105,415 5,162,333 5,693,642 APPROPRIATIONS Net Cost 905,344 291,205 (1,409,562) 116 Fong, Gloria@CALFIRE 89 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Insurance Service Organization (ISO) Rating The Insurance Service Organization provided a letter to the South Lake County FPD on May 13, 2020 notifying the District that they achieved a one class improvement, and clarifying that in this rating area class 5 to 1, it can be challenging to better your score a whole point. Below is the District’s most recent Summary of Public Protection Classification (PPC) Review: The water pressure and hydrants data chart on the following page is from 2014; however, no recent data is available. As noted in the chart, several water districts are involved, so it would require coordination with each district to improve the water flows. The chart shows that there is a gap between what the ISO needs and what is available. 90 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 South Lake County FPD ISO HYDRANT FLOW DATA SUMMARY May 6, 2014 Test Location Service Flow Pressure Flow at 20 GPM PSI PSI Static Residual Need* Avail. Santa Clara near Callayomi County Water 1970 50 20 1000 2000 Central Park District Hobergs Evergreen Cobb Area County 380 46 16 4500 350 Dr. Water District Hobergs Evergreen Cobb Area County 380 46 16 3500 350 Dr. Water District Hobergs Dr. S. of Cobb Area County 560 60 34 750 700 Angelly Dr. Water District Snead Road Adams Springs Water 610 110 70 750 950 District Lema Lane Adams Springs Water 990 80 70 500 2600 District Anderson Springs Anderson Spring CSD 860 70 28 1000 950 Road Rose Anderson & Anderson Spring CSD 750 106 42 750 900 Mira Vista Lake Ridge Circle Hidden Valley Lake 900 77 32 2500 1000 CSD, Zone 1 Lake Ridge Circle Hidden Valley Lake 900 77 32 2000 1000 CSD, Zone 1 Deer Hill Road and Hidden Valley 750 165 155 1000 3200 Park Point Ct. Lake CSD Powder Horn Hidden Valley 750 97 40 1000 900 Road Lake CSD Lassen & Elliott Cobb Area 530 55 18 750 500 County Water Dist. Main St. and Bush Callayomi 1910 56 20 3000 1900 St. County Water District Young St. and Callayomi 1600 60 34 3500 2000 Washington St. County Water District Young St. and Callayomi 1600 60 34 2250 2000 Washington St. County Water District *Needed is the rate of flow for a specific duration for a full credit condition. Needed Fire Flows greater than 3,500 gpm are not considered in determining the classification of the city when using the Fire Suppression Rating Schedule. 91 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 C. South Lake County Fire Protection District MSR 1. Growth and Population Projections for the South Lake County Fire Protection District Area117 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. A. South Lake County Area Population Projections The South Lake County FPD Fire Mitigation Fee Nexus Study estimates that 23 new homes will be built in the District each year until 2040.118 The average population per home is estimated to be three, an increase of 69 people per year for the District or 690 over a ten year period. B. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the South Lake County Area MSR F1 The population of the South Lake County FPD is estimated to be approximately 11,000 and is expected in increase by approximately 700 people per year until 2040. 2 Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) within or Contiguous to South Lake County 119 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent city. A. Determination of South Lake County FPD Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status None of the communities within the South Lake County FPD qualify as Disadvantaged. All have Median Household Incomes above the State Median Household Income ($91,905 in 2022) or above 80% of the State Median Household Income ($79,572.48 in 2022). B. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near South Lake County FPD MSR F3 There are no Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities with the South Lake County Fire Protection District. 117 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 118 Ridgeline Municipal Strategies, South Lake County Fire Protection District Fire Mitigation Fee Nexus Study, January 2, 2024, Page 16. 119 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 92 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 South Lake County FPD Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 120 Infrastructure The South Lake County FPD four fire stations and the equipment for each station are described above in this report. The South Lake County FPD has a special tax to raise funds for replacing equipment. MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for South Lake County FPD MSR F4 The equipment and capacity for the South Lake County FPD are adequate. The District has 12 paid firefighters and 25 volunteers. MSR F5 The SLCFPD operates two emergency Advanced Life Support ambulances on a 24/7 basis. MSR F6 The South Lake County FPD has capital improvement plans in place to maintain and improve equipment and buildings. MSR F7 The South Lake County FPD has a special tax to use for equipment replacement. 2. Financial Ability to Provide Services121 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. A. Financial Considerations for South Lake County FPD The Budget for the South Lake County FPD is shown above in this report. B. MSR Determinations on Financing for South Lake County FPD MSR F8 The South Lake County FPD has a parcel tax for Paramedic and Fire Protection Services.122 MSR F9 The South Lake County FPD has mitigation fees for new development. MSR F10 The South Lake County FPD uses volunteers to keep the cost of staff lower. MSR F11 The South Lake County FPD budgets for more expenses than revenues. MSR F12 The Audit should be included on the District website. 120 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 121 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 122 Duncan, Paul@CALFIRE, March 12, 2004 93 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 3. South Lake County FPD Opportunities for Shared Facilities123 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. A. South Lake County FPD Facilities The South Lake County FPD facilities are described above in this report. B. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for South Lake County FPD MSR F13 In order to provide stability, SLCFPD on June 15, 2000, voted to integrate their services with those of the CALFIRE effective July 1, 2000. The District contracts with CALFIRE for administrative services. 124 MSR F14 Due to the loss of geothermal tax revenue, fiscal constraints have encouraged SLCFPD to re-negotiate a three-year contract with Calpine in 2007 to provide Emergency Medical Services (Basic and Advanced Life Support), certifiable training to Calpine employees in Standard Industrial First Aid, First Responder and CPR, as well as Fire Prevention and Control training, along with OSHA compliance training to the Calpine Health and Safety group. SLCFPD will also work with Calpine to coordinate the Geysers’ Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans and conduct Emergency Response Drills. MSR F15 Dispatch services for the South Lake County FPD are provided by CALFIRE Sonoma Lake Napa Unit through contract. 125 MSR F16 The South Lake County FPD is in favor of the JPA for ambulance service throughout Lake County. MSR F17 The South Lake County FPD relies on seven municipal water companies/districts, including Callayomi County Water District, Hidden Valley Lake CSD, Loch Lomond Mutual Water Company, CSA No.18 (Cobb), and private water sources. 4. Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies126 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. 123 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 124 Lake LAFCO, Executive Officer’s Report, Jerusalem Valley Annex to the SLFPD, July 19, 2006. 125 Lake LAFCO, Executive Officer’s Report, Jerusalem Valley Annex to the SLFPD, July 19, 2006. 126 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 94 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Government Structure The South Lake County FPD maintains a website as required by the State law. The five member board of directors meets regularly at the Middletown Fire Station and meetings can be accessed remotely via the internet. MSR Determinations on Government Structure for South Lake County FPD MSR F18 The South Lake County FPD maintains a website as required by California State Law. The ISO report should be posted on the District website. MSR F19 The five member Board of Directors has regular meetings open to the public in person or via the internet. MSR F20 The South Lake County FPD works with both paid staff and volunteers. D. South Lake County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence Recommendation for South Lake County Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence The recommendation for the South Lake County FPD Sphere of Influence is that it be the same as the District boundary. 1. Present and Planned Land Uses in the South Lake County Fire Protection District Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands General Plan and Zoning for the South Lake County Fire Protection District The Lake County General Plan was prepared in 2008. The General Plan recognizes the communities of Middleton, Hidden Valley Lake (Coyote Valley) and Cobb (Boggs Lake/Cobb/Loch Lomond Mountain Area). SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for South Lake County Fire Protection District SOI F1 SLCFPD contains extensive areas of brush and timber that create high and extreme fire hazards to both urban and rural residential developments in which individual dwellings and small developments have been constructed with concentrations in the central and northern portions of the District. Because of this, the fire district has spearheaded and supported the South Lake Fire Safe Council’s Chipper/Abatement Program. Since 2003, the Council has funded the completion of over 10 miles of shaded fuel breaks in the communities of Loch Lomond, Pine Summit, Pine Grove, Rancheria, Seigler Canyon, Seigler Springs, the Cobb School, and the Summit Pool. 95 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOI F2 There are numerous areas within SLCFPD where access for fire-fighting apparatus to structures is not available due to inadequate roads or bridges. The load limits on Big Canyon Road bridges prevents access of apparatus and the inability to use this road significantly increases response times from the Middletown and Hidden Valley stations to the Loch Lomond area. SOI F3 The South Lake County Fire Protection District includes two Planning Areas in the Lake County General Plan: Cobb Mountain and Middletown.127 SOI F4 Middletown and Coyote Valley each have Community Growth Boundaries in the Lake County General Plan. 128 2. Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the South Lake County Fire Protection District Area129 Municipal Service Background There will be a continuing need for the South Lake County Fire Protection District to provide for fire protection and medical assistance in an area with many fire dangers and limited water and medical facilities. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for South Lake County Fire Protection District SOI F5 The need for the South Lake County FPD to serve the existing 11,000 residents and additional residents to come will continue. 3. Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services130 Capacity Background The capacity of the South Lake County FPD is adequate and the District will work to maintain and improve services. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for South Lake County Fire Protection District SOI F6 The fire protection and emergency medical services provided by the South Lake County Fire Protection District are adequate and will be maintained by property tax and special tax funding. 127 Lake County General Plan, September 2008, Page 2-2. 128 Lake County General Plan, September 2008, Page 2-2. 129 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) 130 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 96 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 4. Social or Economic Communities of Interest for South Lake County Fire Protection District 131 Community As described above in this report, the South Lake County Fire Protection District serves four communities and maintains a fire station in each of the communities: Middleton, Loch Lomond, Hidden Valley Lake and Cobb. Although each community has a distinct history, it is important for the people to work together and to provide a community spirit for the whole area. SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for South Lake County Fire Protection District SOI F7 There are four communities within the South Lake County FPD and the District has to work to unite them for support of fire protection and emergency medical services. SOI F8 The District maintains fire stations in each of the four communities to serve the entire area. SOI F9 It is an economic benefit for the communities to have fire protection and emergency medical services available. 5. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status132 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities None of the communities within the South Lake County FPD qualify as Disadvantaged. All have Median Household Incomes above the State Median Household Income ($91,905 in 2022) or above 80% of the State Median Household Income ($79,572.48 in 2022). Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status SOI F10 There are no Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities with the South Lake County Fire Protection District. 131 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 132 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 97 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOUTH LAKE COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT 35 P ar 36 a dise Vall1e9 y 2 2 9 0 3 2 33 21 B 28 2 2 u K 2 c 7 o k 3 G 4 i n n l o e g n h T 26 3 h a a 5 a m y v e e e 3 2 n 6 5 24 3 1 3 1 9 0 29 3 C 2 2 0 lear 3 2 2 l 3 8 1 a ke O 2 3 2 7 4 2 aks 3 2 5 3 2 6 3 2 2 6 5 4 31 3 1 0 9 1 8 1 2 2 3 7 9 0 2 1 2 2 3 6 1 8 3 15 2 2 3 2 7 4 2 2 3 3 6 5 24 2 3 5 6 19 30 31 29 32 33 02 01 06 05 Riv 0 i 4 e ra Heig 03 h ts 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 03 02 01 06 05 04 11 Sod 12 a Bay 0 7 08 09 R 10 i viera We 11 s t 12 07 08 09 10 1 1 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 14 13 18 17 16 15 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 20 2 2 6 3 2 2 5 4 3 1 0 9 29 2 0 21 28 22 27 C 26 le 23 arl 2 2 a 4 5 ke Riv 3 i 0 e ra 2 9 21 2 8 Cle 2 2 7 2 a rlak 2 2 e 6 3 2 2 5 4 3 1 0 9 2 2 9 0 2 2 8 1 2 2 2 7 2 2 3 6 2 2 5 4 3 1 0 9 2 2 9 0 2 2 8 1 22 27 23 26 3 0 5 2 36 01 31 0 6 3 0 2 5 3 04 3 34 03 0 3 2 5 3 01 6 31 06 0 3 5 2 33 04 33 3 3 0 34 3 02 35 Lo 0 w 1 36 e r La 0 3 k 6 1 e 32 3 0 3 4 3 0 4 3 3 0 5 2 0 3 1 6 0 3 6 1 0 3 5 2 0 3 4 3 03 34 35 25 3 6 05 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 08 09 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 Lo 25 ch L 3 o 0 mon 29 d 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 36 36 31 0 6 07 32 0 5 0 8 1 7 33 0 0 1 9 4 6 34 1 1 0 5 3 0 35 1 1 1 4 H 0 C 2 o o b b e b 1 r 1 0 3 2 g 1 s 3 0 1 0 1 6 8 7 32 1 0 0 7 8 5 04 3 1 3 0 6 9 10 1 3 5 4 0 3 1 3 4 5 0 1 2 1 36 0 1 1 2 31 0 6 0 7 1 8 H 3 i 0 2 0 d 5 1 8 7 den 3 0 1 3 0 4 6 9 V alle 3 0 1 4 1 y 3 5 0 3 0 1 5 1 2 4 1 3 0 6 1 1 1 2 3 3 0 0 1 1 7 6 8 0 3 0 1 8 2 5 7 3 0 0 1 3 4 9 6 15 3 1 0 4 0 3 1 02 4 1 1 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 28 27 26 25 Anderson Springs 27 30 29 26 25 30 29 28 27 34 0 3 0 3 2 5 36 31 32 GUENOC 35 36 31 32 33 01 06 05 COLLAYO M MI iddletown 02 01 06 05 11 12 07 08 04 09 10 1 0 1 2 01 12 12 07 08 07 11 13 18 17 16 2 1 15 2 2 23 2 1 9 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 9 8 17 2 0 16 21 22 15 2 1 3 4 24 1 3 19 1 8 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 34 35 LAKE COUNTY South Lake County Fire Protection District (Sphere of Influence) LAFCo Resolution: 2015-0007 Adopted: July 15, 2015 Source: Lake County LAFCo Map Created 3/6/2019 98 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 8 LAKE PILLSBURY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District is located in the northern part of Lake County and is surrounded by the Mendocino National Forest. The District is included for the sake of completeness but is remote and isolated form the other five fire protection districts in Lake County. Lake Pillsbury Area Lake Pillsbury History Lake Pillsbury is a lake in the Mendocino National Forest, created from the Eel River and Hull Mountain watershed by Scott Dam. Elevation is 1,818 feet with 65 miles of shoreline and covering 2,003 acres. In 1906, W.W. Van Arsdale formed the Eel River Power and Irrigation Company and contracted with the City of Ukiah for a hydroelectric generating station to increase electricity supply for the City. A diversion dam was built on the Eel River and a mile-long tunnel was constructed to divert water into the Russian River. A powerhouse was constructed in Potter Valley. It was called the Potter Valley Project or Eel River Project. Later that year, the Snow Mountain Water and Power Company incorporated and took over the project from Van Arsdale's company. By 1908 water was being diverted to the power plant and then to the Russian River. Part two of the project was building the dam which created Lake Pillsbury, located 12 miles upstream. Scott Dam was completed in 1921 as a concrete gravity structure, 138 feet high, 805 feet long at its crest, and impounding a maximum capacity of 86,400 acre feet. It maintains water flow to the hydroelectric plant during times of low water runoff. Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) acquired the project in 1933, and maintains the facilities. The lake is named for one of the founders of Snow Mountain Water and Power Company. The Pillsbury hydroelectric plant is the only one in the north coast region of California operated by PG&E. In 2019, PG&E notified the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission they would not seek to relicense the Potter Valley project noting the project was no longer economically viable. PG&E has stated that their plan for decommissioning the Project "will include the removal of in- water facilities such that no feature will continue to impound water and the natural flow of the river will occur." If this plan is approved, it would restore the Eel River to a free flowing state making it the longest un- dammed river in California. In 2023, PG&E announced that they would no longer close the gates at the spillway which would lead to lower water levels in the Lake.1 California Department of Fish and Wildlife stock the Lake with trout annually. Other fish include black bass, steelhead, pike and minnow. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for Lake Pillsbury based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in fish caught from this water body. 1 Water Levels at Lake Pillsbury to Be Lower this Year - PGE Currents, April 4, 2024. 99 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Hiking trails at the lake include an interpretive nature trail at Sunset Campground and the 4-mile Lake Shore Loop Trail. Other nearby recreational opportunities include the Snow Mountain Wilderness located east of Lake Pillsbury. The Bloody Rock historic area is located within the wildlife refuge north of the lake as well as the Eel River and the Wild and Scenic Black Butte River. Lake Pillsbury is part of the Mendocino National Forest and is under the Upper Lake District Office, Phone 707-275-2361. The Hours are limited for March and April 2024. Lake Pillsbury Development In 1969, performers Jack Haley and Jackie Gleason purchased the Fuller Ranch and created the Pillsbury Ranch subdivision. Activities in the Lake Pillsbury Recreation Area include powerboating, fishing, swimming, sailing, picnicking, hiking and hang gliding. There are two main access roads to the Lake. At the north end of the Lake is a small gravel airstrip. About 400 vacation cabins including National Forest Recreational Residences (private cabin leases of public lands) ring the Lake. There are five campgrounds, two group campgrounds, two paved boat ramps and a resort at the Lake. The Lake Pillsbury Resort operates a marina with rentals, boat slips and supplies. All types of boating are allowed, including boat camping. Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Lake Pillsbury FPD Board of Directors The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District has a five-member elected Board of Directors as follows: Chairman: Stacy Delventhal Term Expires 2026 Member: Gordon Hasler Term Expires 2024 Member: Heather Hasler Term Expires 2024 Phone 707-743-2014 Member: Raymond Todt Term Expires 2026 Member: Warner Henderson Term Expires 2024 Phone: 707-743-1625 (Lake Pillsbury Property Owners Association, 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 pm (Friday through Monday) Alternative Phone: Larry Thompson 707-477-6079 100 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake Pillsbury FPD Facilities and Equipment The District has two fire stations. The community of Lake Pillsbury Ranch has allocated a building near the entrance gate to the 450 lot community known as Station 95 at the North end of Lake Pillsbury and Station 96 Rice Fork station is located at the south end of the Lake. Fire Department resources are as follows: Station 95, Lake Pillsbury Ranch Apparatus: Identifier Type Descriptive Pump Gallons Staffing VIN Lic. Plate E-9521 Type 1 2000 HME 1250 gpm 850 gal. 3.0 min. 44KFT4288YWZ19050 959493 E-9621 Type 3 1 988 Ford 500 gpm 750 gal. 2.0 min. 1FDYD8OUXJVA46380 202792 E-9543 Type 6 2000 Ford 250 gpm 300 gal. 2.0 min. 1FDXE45F5YHB52224 1359300 A-9521 Type 3 Amb. 2001 Ford - n/a - - n/a - 2.0 min. 1FDXE45F61HA06243 1288149 E-9554 UTV 6X6 2 021 Can Am 164 gpm -n/a- 2.0 min. 3JB6GAX43NK000162 149913 U-9511 Utility 1999 Chev. - n/a - - n/a - 1.0 min. 3GNEK18R5XG132340 994959 Station 96, Rice Fork Apparatus: Identifier Type Descriptive Pump Gallons Staffing VIN Lic. Plate E-9632 Type 3 1998 Interrnational _500 gpm 500 gal. 3.0 min. 1HTLFTVNOHH446632 1284110 E-9642 Type 6 1988 Ford 250 gpm 200 gal. 2.0 min. 2FDLF47G2JCB24380 104792 U-9500 Utility 2002 Chev. -n/a- -n/a- 1.0 min. 1GCEK19T02E160257 1658853 FB-9611 Fire Boat 1972 Gregory 250 gpm 3.0 min Vessel/Hull#: 32284 CF5998XC A-9622 Type 3 Amb. 2000 Ford - n/a - - n/a - 2.0 min. 1 FDXE45F5YHB52224 1359300 The “Lake County Community Wildfire Protection Plan” suggested that the Lake Pillsbury FPD could benefit from the addition of paid firefighters, radio communications, and additional sites for 911-use, as well as more funding for training and equipment replacement. 2 The same plan showed the following information for the Lake Pillsbury FPD: Summary of Assets and Associated Wildfire Risks for Lake Pillsbury FPD3 Assets at Fuel Risk of Wildfire Structural Fire- Overall Risk Observations Risk Hazard Occurrence Ignitability Fighting Capability Low High High High Low High wildfire threat, surrounding fuels. USFS in- holding community, limited fire protection capacity. Limited water supply outside LP Ranch. Lake Pillsbury FPD Water Supply The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District has added 8 large water tanks at various places in the Lake Pillsbury Ranch Community to supply water for fire protection.4 Six larger water tanks were recently added to the USFS Homesites Community (Dedicated to Fire Protection Only). Dedicated Water Supply for Fire Suppression within the four distinct Communities is a continual challenge for the District, and short term mitigations are: 30,000gal. Community Water Tank storage with Fire District Connections, as well as the need for two Water Tenders. 2 Lake County Community Wildfire Protection Plan, Overview and Summary, Page 8. 3 Lake County Community Wildfire Protection Plan, Overview and Summary, Page 10. 4 Lake Pillsbury Homeowners Association 707-743-1625, April 15, 2024. 101 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Lake Pillsbury FPD Finances The Lake County Auditor showed the following budget for the Lake Pillsbury FPD: Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Budget 2023-2024-Revenue 2021-2022 Actual 2022-23 Actual 2023-2024 Adopted Taxes 10-10 Current Secured (43) (40) 0 Permits 21-60 Other 1,831 1,025 1,025 Fines, Forfeit, Penalties 31-95 Penalties/Cost Dequincy 4,542 102 0 Use of Money and Property 42-01 Interest 38 367 0 Charges for Services 69-29 Fire Protection 20,976 16,613 18,042 Miscellaneous 79-91 Cancelled Checks 160 0 0 Revenue-Total 27,505 18,067 19,067 Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Budget 2023-2024-Expenses 2021-2022 Actual 2022-23 Actual 2023-2024 Adopted Salaries and Benefits 04-00 Worker’s Compensation 3,469 5,138 6,365 Services and Supplies 15-10 Other 3,569 5,914 5,521 22-70 Supplies 0 0 100 22-71 Postage 17 0 50 23-80 Professional & Specialized 1,004 868 2,907 24-00 Publications and Legal Notice 0 0 200 28-30 Supplies and Services 1,830 5,475 12,095 29-50 Transportation and Travel 0 0 2,500 Expenditures/Appropriations-Total 9,889 17,395 29,738 Net Cost: (17,616) (672) 10,671 C. Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Municipal Service Review 1 Growth and Population Projections for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Area5 Purpose: To evaluate services needs based on existing and anticipated growth patterns and population projections. Lake Pillsbury Area Population Projections The population of the Lake Pillsbury area is not expected to increase because the land is owned by the US Government and is part of the Mendocino National Forest. The estimated population in the District approximately 3,500. MSR Determinations on Growth and Population Projections for the Lake Pillsbury Area 5 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) 102 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR G1) The Lake Pillsbury FPD area is not expected to grow in population because it is surrounded by the Mendocino National Forest. 2 Location and Characteristics of any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUC) Near or Contiguous to Lake Pillsbury 6 Purpose: To comply with the State Law to examine any unincorporated areas which could be provided with better services by annexing to an adjacent city. Determination of Lake Pillsbury FPD Area Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC) Status There is no information regarding the income for residents of the Lake Pillsbury FPD. It is unlikely that the community is disadvantaged and there is no city or district that could annex this area. MSR Determinations on Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities near Lake Pillsbury FPD MSR G2) Lake LAFCO and Lake County have not designated any Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities and there are no cities in the area that could annex a DUC within the Lake Pillsbury FPD. 3 Capacity and Infrastructure Purpose: To evaluate the present and planned capacity of public facilities, adequacy of public services and infrastructure needs or deficiencies including needs or deficiencies related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, and structural fire protection in any disadvantaged, unincorporated communities within or contiguous to the sphere of influence. 7 Infrastructure The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District has sufficient equipment and has added 8 water tanks and six lager tanks at the USFS Homesites community thereby providing water for fire protection for two HOA communities. There is 30,000 gallons dedicated exclusively to fire protection. The Lake Pillsbury FPD receives approximately 28 calls for service annually, and over 80% of those services calls are medical/EMS in nature. The ISO rating for the Lake Pillsbury FPD is 5/5x. For comparison, the District’s past ISO ratings were: 2006 - 5/9, 2015 - 05/05X, 2020 - 05/05X. The district expects the next ISO review to be conducted soon, meanwhile, attached is the ISO evaluation for the District. 6 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) 7 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) 103 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 104 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR Determinations on Infrastructure for Lake Pillsbury FPD MSR G3) The Lake Pillsbury FPD has sufficient infrastructure and capacity for firefighting within its service area. 105 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 4. Financial Ability to Provide Services8 Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the financing of needed improvements and to identify practices or opportunities that may help eliminate unnecessary costs without decreasing service levels. Financial Considerations for Lake Pillsbury FPD The Budget for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District is shown above in this report. MSR Determinations on Financing for Lake Pillsbury FPD MSR G4) A Budget for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District is prepared by the Lake County Auditor and is available in the Auditor’s report on Special District Budgets. If there is an Audit for this District it should be made available to the public. The district is funded by a special tax on developed ($60.00) and undeveloped parcels ($18.00). There is no AB-8 funds provided to the district. 5 Lake Pillsbury FPD Opportunities for Shared Facilities9 Purpose: To evaluate the opportunities for a jurisdiction to share facilities and resources to develop more efficient service delivery systems. Lake Pillsbury FPD Facilities The Lake Pillsbury FPD has sufficient facilities to serve the District area and however, is too far away from other districts to share facilities. MSR Determinations on Shared Facilities for Lake Pillsbury FPD MSR G5) The nearest ambulance service is from the Northshore FPD Lake Lake Fire Station. The LPFPD has two rescue ambulances to transport patients to and ALS Helicopter or ALS Ambulance. 6 Accountability for Community Service Needs, Government Structure and Operational Efficiencies10 Purpose: To consider the advantages and disadvantages of various government structures that could provide public services, to evaluate the management capabilities of the organization and to evaluate the accessibility and levels of public participation associated with the agency’s decision-making and management processes. Government Structure The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District has a five member board of directors and meets quarterly and has a website www.lakepillsburyfire.com MSR Determinations on Government Structure for Lake Pillsbury FPD 8 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) 9 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) 10 California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) 106 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 MSR G6) The Lake Pillsbury FPD has a five member Board of Directors and meets quarterly. There is a website specifically for the Lake Pillsbury FPD and has an ISO rating soon to be updated. D Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence Recommendation for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Sphere of Influence The recommendation for the Lake Pillsbury FPD Sphere of Influence is that it be the same as the District boundary. 1. Present and Planned Land Uses in the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Area, Including Agricultural and Open Space Lands General Plan and Zoning for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District The Lake Pillsbury development is within the Mendocino National Forest so it is unlikely that the Forest Service will allow additional development. SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District SOI G1] Development within the Lake Pillsbury FPD is limited to existing development because the Mendocino National Forest has no plans to allow additional homes in the area. 2 Present and Probable Need for Public Facilities and Services in the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District Area11 Municipal Service Background There is a need for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District to serve the development in this isolated area. SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services and Probable Need for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District SOI 2-1] There is a need for the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District as long as development is allowed within this area of the Mendocino National Forest. 3 Present Capacity of Public Facilities and Adequacy of Public Services12 Capacity Background The capacity of the Lake Pillsbury FPD is sufficient due to the small number of residents. SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District SOI G3] The Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District has sufficient capacity for both fire- fighting and medical assistance. 11 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) 12 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) 107 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOI G4] The capacity of the Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District imay increase even though no further development is anticipated within the District Area. 4Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District 13 SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District SOI G5] The Lake Pillsbury FPD does provide a focus for the Lake Pillsbury community and it is in the economic interest of the community to protect the area with a volunteer Fire District. 5Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status14 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community (DUC) status is based on Median Household Income. The 2022 income data available for the Lake Pillsbury area (Census Designated Place) indicates the MHI for the Upper Lake Area is $104,839, which includes the Lake Pillsbury area although the DWR Mapping tool indicates the Lake Pillsbury area to be a Disadvantaged Community. An income survey will be needed to determine if the Lake Pillsbury area is disadvantaged. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community Status SOI G6] No data is available to determine DUC status for the Lake Pillsbury area and there are no cities in the area that could annex this development. The DWR mapping tool indicates the Lake Pillsbury area to be a DUC. 13 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) 14 California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) 108 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Map of Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District 109 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 110 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 APPENDIX A: LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUNDING ISSUES 1 Municipal Financial Constraints Municipal service providers are constrained in their capacity to finance services by the inability to increase property taxes, requirements for voter approval for new or increased taxes, and requirements of voter approval for parcel taxes and assessments used to finance services. Municipalities must obtain majority voter approval to increase or impose new general taxes and two-thirds voter approval for special taxes. Limitations on property tax rates and increases in taxable property values are financing constraints. Property tax revenues are subject to a formulaic allocation and are vulnerable to State budget needs. Agencies formed since the adoption of Proposition 13 in 1978 often lack adequate financing. 1.1 California Local Government Finance Background The financial ability of the cities and special districts to provide services is affected by financial constraints. City service providers rely on a variety of revenue sources to fund city operating costs as follows: • Property Taxes • Benefit Assessments • Special Taxes • Proposition 172 Funds • Other contributions from city or district general funds. As a funding source, property taxes are constrained by statewide initiatives that have been passed by voters over the years and special legislation. Seven of these measures are explained below: A. Proposition 13 Proposition 13 (which California voters approved in 1978) has the following three impacts: • Limits the ad valorem property tax rate • Limits growth of the assessed value of property • Requires voter approval of certain local taxes. Generally, the measure fixes the ad valorem tax at one percent of value; except for taxes to repay certain voter approved bonded indebtedness. In response to the adoption of Proposition 13, the Legislature enacted Assembly Bill 8 (AB8) in 1979 to establish property tax allocation formulas. B. AB 8 Generally, AB 8 allocates property tax revenue to the local agencies within each tax rate area based on the proportion each agency received during the three fiscal years preceding adoption of Proposition 13. This allocation formula benefits local agencies, which had relatively high tax rates at the time Proposition 13 was enacted. 111 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 C. Proposition 98 Proposition 98, which California voters approved in 1988, requires the State to maintain a minimum level of school funding. In 1992 and 1993, the Legislature began shifting billions of local property taxes to schools in response to State budget deficits. Local property taxes were diverted from local governments into the Educational Revenue Augmentation Fund (ERAF) and transferred to school districts and community college districts to reduce the amount paid by the State general fund. Local agencies throughout the State lost significant property tax revenue due to this shift, Proposition 172 was enacted to help offset property tax revenue losses of cities and counties that were shifted to the ERAF for schools in 1992. D. Proposition 172 Proposition 172, enacted in 1983, provides the revenue of a half-cent sales tax to counties and cities for public safety purposes, including police, fire, district attorneys, corrections and lifeguards. Proposition 172 also requires cities and counties to continue providing public safety funding at or above the amount provided in FY 92-93. E. Proposition 218 Proposition 218, which California voters approved in 1996, requires voter- or property owner- approval of increased local taxes, assessments, and property-related fees. A two-Thirds affirmative vote is required to impose a Special Tax, for example, a tax for a specific purpose such as a fire district special tax. F. Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act The Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 allows any county, city, special district, school district or joint powers authority to establish a Mello-Roos Community Facilities District (a “CFD”) which allows for financing of public improvements and services. The services and improvements that Mello-Roos CFDs can finance include streets, sewer systems and other basic infrastructure, police protection, fire protection, ambulance services, schools, parks, libraries, museums and other cultural facilities. By law, the CFD is also entitled to recover expenses needed to form the CFD and administer the annual special taxes and bonded debt. A CFD is created by a sponsoring local government agency. The proposed district will include all properties that will benefit from the improvements to be constructed or the services to be provided. A CFD cannot be formed without a two-thirds majority vote of residents living within the proposed boundaries. Or, if there are fewer than 12 residents, the vote is instead conducted of current landowners. In many cases, that may be a single owner or developer. Once approved, a Special Tax Lien is placed against each property in the CFD. Property owners then pay a Special Tax each year. If the project cost is high, municipal bonds will be sold by the CFD to provide the large amount of money initially needed to build the improvements or fund the services. The Special Tax cannot be directly based on the value of the property. Special Taxes instead are based on mathematical formulas that take into account property characteristics such as the use of the property, square 112 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 footage of the structure and lot size. The formula is defined at the time of formation, and will include a maximum special tax amount and a percentage maximum of annual increase. If bonds were issued by the CFD, special taxes will be charged annually until the bonds are paid off in full. Often, after bonds are paid off, a CFD will continue to charge a reduced fee to maintain the improvements. G. Development Impact Fees A county, cities, special districts, school districts, and private utilities may impose development impact fees on new construction for purposes of defraying the cost of putting in place public infrastructure and services to support new development. To impose development impact fees, a jurisdiction must justify the fees as an offset to the impact of future development on facilities. This usually requires a special financial study. The fees must be committed within five years to the projects for which they were collected, and the district, city or county must keep separate funds for each development impact fee. 1.2 Financing Opportunities that Require Voter Approval Financing opportunities that require voter approval include the following five taxes: 1. Special taxes such as parcel taxes 2. Increases in general taxes such as utility taxes 3. Sales and use taxes 4. Business license taxes 5. Transient occupancy taxes Communities may elect to form business improvement districts to finance supplemental services, or Mello-Roos districts to finance development-related infrastructure extension. Agencies may finance facilities with voter-approved (general obligation) bonded indebtedness. 1.3 Financing Opportunities that Do Not Require Voter Approval Financing opportunities that do not require voter approval include imposition of or increases in fees to more fully recover the costs of providing services, including user fees and Development Impact Fees to recover the actual cost of services provided and infrastructure. Development Impact Fees and user fees must be based on reasonable costs, and may be imposed and increases without voter approval. Development Impact Fees may not be used to subsidize operating costs. Agencies may also finance many types of facility improvements through bond instruments that do not require voter approval. Water rates and rate structures are not subject to regulation by other agencies. Utility providers may increase rates annually, and often do so. Generally, there is no voter approval requirement for rate increases, although notification of utility users is required. Water providers must maintain an enterprise fund for the respective utility separate from other funds, and may not use revenues to finance unrelated governmental activities. 113 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 2 Public Management Standards While public sector management standards do vary depending on the size and scope of the organization, there are minimum standards. Well-managed organization do the following eight activities: 1. Evaluate employees annually 2. Prepare a budget before the beginning of the fiscal year 3. Conduct periodic financial audits to safeguard the public trust 4. Maintain current financial records 5. Periodically evaluate rates and fees 6. Plan and budget for capital replacement needs 7. Conduct advance planning for future growth 8. Make best efforts to meet regulatory requirements Most of the professionally managed and staffed agencies implement many of these best management practices. LAFCo encourages all local agencies to conduct timely financial record- keeping for each city function and make financial information available to the public. 3 Public Participation in Government The Brown Act (California Government Code Section 54950 et seq.) is intended to insure that public boards shall take their actions openly and that deliberations shall be conducted openly. The Brown Act establishes requirements for the following: 1. Open meetings 2. Agendas that describe the business to be conducted at the meeting 3. Notice for meetings 4. Meaningful opportunity for the public to comment Few exceptions for meeting in closed sessions and reports of items discussed in closed sessions. According to California Government Code Section 54959: Each member of a legislative body who attends a meeting of that legislative body where action is taken in violation of any provision of this chapter, and where the member intends to deprive the public of information to which the member knows or has reason to know the public is entitled under this chapter, is guilty of a misdemeanor. Section 54960 state the following: (a) The district attorney or any interested person may commence an action by mandamus, injunction or declaratory relief for the purpose of stopping or preventing violations or threatened violations of this chapter by members of the legislative body of a local agency or to determine the applicability of this chapter to actions or threatened future action of the legislative body. 114 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 APPENDIX B: LAFCo BACKGROUND INFORMATION Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCo) History This report is prepared pursuant to State Legislation enacted in 2000 that requires Lake LAFCo to complete a comprehensive review of municipal service delivery and update the spheres of influence (SOIs) of all agencies under LAFCo’s jurisdiction. This chapter provides and overview of LAFCo’s history, powers and responsibilities. It discusses the origins and legal requirements for preparation of a Service Review commonly referred to as a Municipal Service Review (MSR). Finally, the chapter reviews the process for MSR review, MSR approval and SOI updates. After World War II, California experienced dramatic growth in population and economic development. With this boom came a demand for housing, jobs and public services. To accommodate this demand, many new local government agencies were formed, often with little forethought as to the ultimate governance structures within a given region. A lack of coordination and adequate planning led to a multitude of overlapping, inefficient jurisdictional and service area boundaries, many of which resulted in the premature conversion of California’s agricultural and open-space lands and duplication of services. Recognizing this problem, in 1959, Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr. appointed the Commission on Metropolitan Area Problems. The Commission’s charge was to study and make recommendations on the “misuses of land resources” and the growing complexity of local governmental jurisdictions. The Commission’s recommendations on local governmental reorganization were introduced in the Legislature in 1963, resulting in the creation of a Local Agency Formation Commission, or “LAFCo,” operating in every county. LAFCo was formed as a countywide agency to discourage urban sprawl and to encourage the orderly formation and development of local government agencies within its jurisdiction. LAFCo is responsible for coordinating logical and timely changes in local governmental boundaries; including annexations and detachments of territory, incorporations of cities, formations of special districts, and consolidations, mergers and dissolutions of districts, as well as reviewing ways to reorganize, simplify, and streamline governmental structure. The Commission’s efforts are focused on ensuring services are provided efficiently and economically while agricultural and open-space lands are protected or conserved to the extent possible. To better inform itself and the public in compliance with the State Law; LAFCo conducts MSR’s to evaluate the provision of municipal services for service providers within its jurisdiction. LAFCo regulates, through approval, denial, conditions and modification, boundary changes proposed by public agencies or individual voters and landowners. It also regulates the extension of public services by cities and special districts outside their boundaries. LAFCo is empowered to initiate updates to the SOIs and proposals involving the dissolution, consolidation or formation of special districts, establishment of subsidiary districts, and any reorganization including such actions. Where LAFCo is not given specific authority, LAFCo actions must originate as petitions from affected voters or landowners, or by resolutions by affected cities or special districts. A Plan for Services is required in Government Code Section 56653. A Plan for Services must include the following information: An enumeration and description of services to be provided, the level and range of those services, an indication of how those services are to be extended into the 115 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 territory, an indication of any improvements or upgrading of structures, information on how the services are to be financed. Role and Responsibility of LAFCo Local Agency Formation Commissions (LAFCos) in California are independent agencies created by the California Legislature in 1963 for the purpose of encouraging the orderly formation of local government agencies and conserving and preserving natural resources. The Cortese-Knox- Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 (Government Code Section 56000 et seq.) is the statut4ory authority for the preparation of an MSR, and periodic updates of the Sphere of Influence (SOI) of each local agency. LAFCos are responsible for coordinating logical and timely changes in local governmental boundaries, conducting special studies that review ways to reorganize, simplify, and streamline governmental structure, preparing a review of services called an MSR, and preparing an SOI thereby determining the future “probable” boundary for each city and special district within each county. The Commission’s efforts are directed toward seeing that services are provided efficiently and economically while agricultural and open-space lands are protected. Often citizens are confused as to what LAFCo’s role is. LAFCos do not have enforcement authority, nor do they have the authority to initiate a city or district annexation or detachment proceeding. LAFCos may initiate consolidation or dissolution proceedings; however, these proceedings are subject to voter approval or denial. The Legislature has given LAFCos the authority to modify and any proposal before it to ensure the protection of agricultural and open space resources, discourage urban sprawl and promote orderly boundaries and the provision of adequate services. The Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) has issued Guidelines for the preparation of an MSR. This MSR adheres to the procedures set forth in OPR’s MSR Guidelines. An SOI is a plan for the probable physical boundaries and service area of a local agency, as determined by the affected Local Agency Formation Commission (Government Code Section 56076). Government Code Section 56425(g) requires that each SOI be updated no less than every five years, and Section 56430 provides that an MSR shall be conducted in advance of the SOI update. Municipal Services Review (Service Review) Requirements Effective January 1, 2002, and subsequently amended, LAFCo is required to conduct a review of municipal services provided in the county by region, sub-region or other designated geographic area, as appropriate, for the service or services to be reviewed, and prepare a written statement of determination with respect to each of the following six topics (Government Code Section 56430): 1. Growth and population projections for the affected area 116 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 2. The location and characteristics of any disadvantaged unincorporated communities (DUC) within or contiguous to the sphere of influence 3. Present and planned capacity of public facilities and adequacy of public services, including infrastructure needs or deficiencies 4. Financial ability of agencies to provide services 5. Status of, and opportunities for shared facilities 6. Accountability for community service needs, including governmental structure and operational efficiencies. Municipal Services Review Process For local agencies, the MSR process involves the following steps: 1. Outreach: LAFCo outreach and explanation of the project 2. Data Discovery: provide documents and respond to LAFCo questions 3. Map Review: review and comment on LAFCo draft map of the agency’s boundary and sphere of influence 4. Profile review: internal review and comment on LAFCo draft and MSR 5. Public Review Draft MSR: review and comment on LAFCo draft MSR 6. LAFCo Hearing: attend and provide public comments on MSR MSRs are exempt from the California environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15262 (feasibility or planning studies) or Section 15306 (information collection) of the CEQA Guidelines. LAFCo’s actions to adopt MSR determinations are not considered “projects” subject to CEQA. The MSR process does not require LAFCo to initiate changes of organization based on service review findings, only that LAFCo identify potential government structure options. However, LAFCo, other local agencies, and the public may subsequently use the determinations to analyze prospective changes of organization or reorganization or to establish or amend SOIs. Within its legal authorization, LAFCo may act with respect to a recommended change of organization or reorganization on its own initiative (e.g., certain types of consolidations), or in response to a proposal (i.e., initiated by resolution or petition by landowners or registered voters). Once LAFCo has adopted the MSR determinations, it must update the SOI for each jurisdiction. The LAFCo Commission determines and adopts the spheres of influence for each agency. A CEQA determination is made by LAFCo on a case-by-case basis for each sphere of influence action and each change of organization, once the proposed project characteristics are sufficiently identified to assess environmental impacts. Sphere of Influence Update Process The Commission is charged with developing and updating the Sphere of Influence (SOI) for each city and special district within the county.147 An SOI is a LAFCo-approved plan that designates an agency’s future boundary and service area. Spheres are planning tools used to provide guidance 147 The initial statutory mandate, in 1971, imposed no deadline for completing sphere designations. When most LAFCos failed to act, 1984 legislation required all LAFCos to establish spheres of influence by 1985. 117 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 for individual boundary change proposals and are intended to encourage efficient provision of organized community services and prevent duplication of service delivery. Territory cannot be annexed by LAFCo or a city or district unless it is within that agency’s sphere. The purposes of the SOI include the following: • To ensure the efficient provision of services • To discourage urban sprawl and premature conversion of agricultural and open space lands • To prevent overlapping jurisdictions and duplication of services LAFCo may not directly regulate land use, dictate internal operations or administration of any local agency, or set rates. LAFCo is empowered to enact policies that indirectly affect land use decisions. On a regional level, LAFCo promotes logical and orderly development of communities as it considers and decides individual proposals. LAFCo has a role in reconciling differences between agency plans so that the most efficient urban service arrangements are created for the benefit of current and future area residents and property owners. The Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg (CKH) Act requires LAFCos to develop and determine the SOI of each local governmental agency within its jurisdiction and to review and update the SOI every five years, as necessary. LAFCos are empowered to adopt, update and amend an SOI. They may do so with or without an application. Any interested person may submit an application proposing an SOI Amendment. While SOIs are required to be updated every five years, as necessary, this does not necessarily define the planning horizon of the SOI. The term or horizon of the SOI is determined by each LAFCo. LAFCo may recommend government reorganizations to particular agencies in the county, using the SOIs as the basis for those recommendations. In determining the SOI, LAFCo is required to complete an MSR and adopt the six determinations previously discussed. In addition, in adopting an SOI, LAFCo must make the following five determinations as required in Government Code Section 56425(e): 1. Present and planned land uses in the area, including agricultural and open-space lands. 2. Present and probable need for public facilities and services in the area if the Commission determines these are relevant to the agency. 3. Present capacity of public facilities and adequacy of public service that the agency provides or is authorized to provide 4. Existence of any social or economic communities of interest in the area if the Commission determines these are relevant to the agency. 5. For an update of an SOI of a city or special district the provides public facilities or services related to sewers, municipal and industrial water, or structural fire protection, the present and probable need for those public facilities and services of any disadvantaged unincorporated communities within the existing sphere of influence.148 148 California Government Code Section 56425 (e)(5) 118 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 The CKH Act stipulates several procedural requirements in updating SOIs. It requires cities to file written statements on the class of services to be provided and LAFCo must clearly establish the location, nature and extent of services provided by special districts. By statute, LAFCo must notify affected agencies 21 days before holding the public hearing to consider the SOI and may not update the SOI until after that hearing. The LAFCo Executive Officer must issue a report including recommendations on the SOI amendments and updates under consideration at least five days before the public hearing. Possible Approaches to the Sphere of Influence LAFCo may recommend government reorganizations to particular agencies in the county, using the SOIs as the basis for those recommendations. Based on review of the guidelines of Lake LAFCo as well as other LAFCos in the State, various conceptual approaches have been identified from which to choose in designating an SOI. These seven approaches are explained below: 1) Coterminous Sphere: A Coterminous Sphere means that the Sphere of Influence for a city or special district is the same as the existing boundaries of the city or district. This is the recommendation in this report since there are no anticipated or contemplated annexations for the fire protection districts at this time. 2) Annexable Sphere: A sphere larger than the agency’s boundaries identifies areas that the agency is expected to annex. The annexable area is outside the district boundaries and inside the sphere of influence. 3) Detachable Sphere: A sphere that is smaller than the agency’s boundaries identifies areas the agency is expected to detach. The detachable area is within the agency’s boundary but not within its sphere of influence. 4) Zero Sphere: A zero sphere indicates the affected agency’s public service functions should be reassigned to another agency and the agency should be dissolved or combined with one or more other agencies. 5) Consolidated Sphere: A consolidated sphere includes two or more local agencies and indicates the agencies should be consolidated into one agency. 6) Limited-Service Sphere: A limited-service sphere is the territory included within the SOI of a multi-service provider agency that is also within the boundary of a limited purpose district which provides the same service (e.g., fire protection), but not all needed services. Territory designated as a limited-service SOI may be considered for annexation to the limited purpose agency without detachment from the multi- service provider. 119 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 This type of SOI is generally adopted when the following conditions exist: A) The limited-service provider is providing adequate, cost effective and efficient services. B) The multi-service agency is the most logical provider of the other services C) There is no feasible or logical SOI alternative D) Inclusion of the territory is in the best interests of local government organization and structure in the area. Government Code Section 56001 specifically recognizes that in rural area it may be appropriate to establish limited purpose agencies to serve an area rather than a single service provider, if multiple limited-purpose agencies are better able to provide efficient services to an area rather than one service district. Moreover, Government Code Section 56425(I), governing sphere determinations, also authorizes a sphere for less than all of the services provided by a district by requiring a district affected by a sphere action to “establish the nature, location, and extent of any functions of classes of services provided by existing districts” recognizing that more than one district may serve an area and that a given district may provide less than its full range of services in an area. 1.8 Description of the Public Participation Process The LAFCo proceedings are subject to the provisions of California’s open meeting law, the Ralph M. Brown Act (Government Code Sections 54950 et seq.). The Brown Act requires advance posting of meeting agendas and contains various other provisions designed to ensure that the public has adequate access to information regarding the proceedings of public boards and commissions. Lake LAFCo complies with the requirements of the Brown Act. The State MSR Guidelines provide that all LAFCos should encourage and provide multiple public participation opportunities in the MSR process. 120 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 APPENDIX C: ABBREVIATIONS AB Assembly Bill ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADBA also doing business as ALS Advanced Life Support APC Annual Pension Cost BLS Basic Life Support CALFIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection CDP Census Designated Place CEQA California Environmental Quality Act CIP Capital Improvement Plan CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation CSA County Service Area CSD Community Services District DUC Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community ECC Emergency Command Center EMCC Emergency Medical Care Committee EMS Emergency Medical Services EMT Emergency Medical Technician ERAF-SRAF Educational Revenue Augmentation Fund/Supplemental Revenue Augmentation Fund FD Fire Department FDAC-FASIS Fire District Association of California- Fire Agency Self-Insurance System FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act (Social Security) FPD Fire Protection District FY Fiscal Year gal gallon 121 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 GMC General Motors Corporation gpm gallons per minute HOPTR Home Owner Property Tax Relief IFT Inter-Facility Transfers (Ambulance Service) IMT Incident Management Team ISO Insurance Service Office JPA Joint Powers Agreement KFPD Kelseyville Fire Protection District LAFCO Local Agency Formation Commission LCFPD Lake County Fire Protection District LFPD Lakeport Fire Protection District LP Lake Pillsbury LPFPD Lake Pillsbury Fire Protection District NFPD Northshore Fire Protection District NFPA National Fire Protection Association Service Review Municipal Service Review (LAFCO) MVA Motor Vehicle Accident OSHA Occupational safety and Health Administration OT Over-time PERS (California) Public Employee Retirement System PPE personal protective equipment psi pounds per square inch (pressure RELS Redwood Empire Life Support RV Recreational Vehicle SB Senate Bill SCBA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus SFD Single Family Dwelling SLCFPD South Lake County Fire Protection District 122 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 SOI Sphere of Influence (LAFCO) SUV Sport Utility Vehicle USDA/RUS United States Department of Agriculture/Rural Utilities Service 123 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 APPENDIX D: DEFINITIONS Advanced Life Support (ALS): Special services designed to provide advance prehospital care by a certified EMT Paramedic pursuant to California Health and Safety Code Section 1797.52. Agriculture: Use of land for the production of food and fiber, including the growing of crops and/or the grazing of animals on natural prime or improved pasture land. Ambulance: Any vehicle specially constructed or modified, equipped and used for the purpose of transporting sick, injured, invalid, convalescent or otherwise incapacitated persons and which has met all license and other requirements in applicable federal, state and local law and regulations. Aquifer: An underground, water-bearing layer of earth, porous rock, sand, or gravel, through which water can seep or be held in natural storage. Aquifers generally hold sufficient water to be used as a water supply. Basic Life Support (BLS): Emergency first aid and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation procedures pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 1797.60. Bond: An interest-bearing promise to pay a stipulated sum of money, with the principal amount due on a specific date. Funds raised through the sale of bonds can be used for various public purposes. California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): A State Law requiring State and local agencies to regulate activities with consideration for environmental protection. If a proposed activity has the potential for a significant adverse environmental impact, an environmental impact report (EIR) must be prepared and certified as to its adequacy before taking action on the proposed project. Defensible Space: That area which lies between a residence and an oncoming wildfire where the vegetation has been modified to reduce the wildfire threat and which provides an opportunity for fire fighters (and the homeowner) to safely defend the residence. Emergency: A condition or situation in which an individual has a need for immediate medical attention, or where the potential for such need is perceived by emergency medical personnel or a public safety agency. Emergency Call: A request for the dispatch of an ambulance to any sudden unforeseen need for medical attention. Emergency Medical Care Services (EMS): The services utilized in responding to a medical emergency. Emergency Medical Technician-I (EMT-I): An individual trained and certified in basic life support pursuant to California Health and Safety Code Section 1797.80. Emergency Medical Technician-ID (EMT-ID): An individual who has been trained and accredited in early defibrillation pursuant to Title 22, California Code of Regulations, Section 100064(a)(1). Emergency Medical Technician-P (Paramedic): An individual, who is trained, licensed within California, and accredited within the North Coast EMS region in advanced life support pursuant to the California Health and Safety Code and Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations. 124 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Environmental Impact Report (EIR): A report required pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act that assesses all the environmental characteristics of an area, determines what effects or impact will result if the area is altered or disturbed by a proposed action, and identifies alternatives or other measures to avoid or reduce those impacts. (See California Environmental Quality Act.) First Responder Services: The provision of a coordinated, immediate, non- transport response to medical emergencies First Responder Unit: Any ground vehicle, watercraft or aircraft specifically designed, constructed, modified, equipped, arranged, maintained, operated, used or staffed to meet the minimum standards, in accordance with state laws and regulations, of providing a coordinated, immediate, non-transport response to medical emergencies. Impact Fee: A fee, also called a development fee, levied on the developer of a project by a county, or other public agency as compensation for otherwise-unmitigated impacts the project will produce. California Government Code Section 66000, et seq., specifies that development fees shall not exceed the estimated reasonable cost of providing the service for which the fee is charged. To lawfully impose a development fee, the public agency must verify its method of calculation and document proper restrictions on use of the fund. Infrastructure: Public services and facilities such as sewage-disposal systems, water-supply systems, and other utility systems, schools and roads. Land Use Classification: A system for classifying and designating the appropriate use of properties. Leapfrog Development: New development separated from existing development by substantial vacant land. Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO): A five-or seven-member commission within each county that reviews and evaluates all proposals for formation of special districts, incorporation of cities, annexation to special districts or cities, consolidation of districts, and merger of districts with cities. Each county’s LAFCO is empowered to approve, disapprove, or conditionally approve such proposals. The LAFCO members generally include two county supervisors, two city council members, and one member representing the general public. Some LAFCOs include two representatives of special districts. Local Responsibility Area (LRA): Land which is not under State or Federal financial responsibility for preventing and suppressing fires such as the incorporated area of a city. Mello-Roos Bonds: Locally issued bonds that are repaid by a special tax imposed on property owners within a community facilities district established by a governmental entity. The bond proceeds can be used for public improvements and for a limited number of services. Named after the program’s legislative authors. Ranchette: A single dwelling unit occupied by a non-farming household on a parcel of 2.5 to 20 acres that has been subdivided from agricultural land. State Responsibility Area (SRA): Areas of the State in which the financial responsibility of preventing and suppressing fires has been determined by the State Board of Forestry and Fire Protection to be primarily the responsibility of the State. 125 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Urban: Of, relating to, characteristic of, or constituting a city. Urban areas are generally characterized by moderate and higher density residential development (i.e., three or more dwelling units per acre), commercial development, and industrial development, and the availability of public services required for that development, specifically central water and sewer service, an extensive road network, public transit, and other such services (e.g., safety and emergency response). Development not providing such services may be “non-urban” or “rural”. CEQA defines “urbanized area” as an area that has a population density of at least 1,000 persons per square mile (Public Resources Code Section 21080.14(b)). Urban Intermix: An intermingling of structures and natural forest fuels within a forest setting. Urban Services: Utilities (such as water, gas, electricity, and sewer) and public services (such as police, fire protection, schools, parks, and recreation) provided to an urbanized or urbanizing area. Wildfire: Any unwanted fire occurring in a wildland setting. Wildland: Uncultivated land, other than fallow, neglected or maintained for such purposes as wood or range-forage production, wildlife, recreation, protective watershed cover, or wilderness. Wildlife Habitat: Vegetation, climate and other natural conditions suited to the life needs for an animal species to survive and reproduce. Zoning: The division of a city by legislative regulations into areas, or zones, that specify allowable uses for real property and size restrictions for buildings within these areas; a program that implements policies of the general plan. 126 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 APPENDIX E: REFERENCES AND PREPARERS Anderson Springs CSD, Meriel Medrano, Phone: (707)987-0277, December 22, 2009. California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (2) California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (3) California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (4) California Government Code Section 56425 (e) (5) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (1) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (2) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (3) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (4) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (5) California Government Code Section 56430 (a) (6) Carpenter; Aurelius O., Percy H. Millberry (1914). History of Mendocino and Lake Counties, California: With Biographical Sketches of the Leading, Men and Women of the Counties who Have Been Identified with Their Growth and Development from the Early Days to the Present. Historic record Company. p. 778. Clearlake oaks Ca income data - Search (bing.com), March 24, 2024. County of Lake, Special Districts, April 8, 2024, scott.hornung@lakecountyca.gov Duncan, Paul@CALFIRE, March 12, 2024 Fong, Gloria@CALFIRE, March 2024 Home (kelseyville-riviera.com), April 3, 2004 http://www.andersonsprings.org/History.html, Sept.17, 2007 http://www.lakecounty.com/history.htm, Sept. 17, 2007 Kelseyville FPD, Audit for the Year Ended June 30, 2023, Prepared by Smith & Newell, Certified Public Accountants, 1425 Butte House Road, Yuba City CA 95993, Phone: 530-673-9790, Fax: 530- 673-1305, January 30, 2024. Lake County Auditor, 2024 Lake County Housing Element 2019-2027 Page 4-6. Lake County General Plan, September 2008, Page 2-2. Lake LAFCO, Executive Officer’s Report, Jerusalem Valley Annex to the SLFPD, July 19, 2006. Lower Lake, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 21, 2024. Lucerne, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. Middletown, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 28, 2024. Middletown Unified School District (middletownusd.org), March 27, 2024. 127 Lake County Fire Protection Districts MSR and SOI May 2025 Nice, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. Northshore Fire Protection District, 2024. Northshore Fire Protection District, Audit for Fiscal Year ended June 30, 2023, prepared by Smith and Newell, 930 Tharp Road, Suite 502, Yuba City CA, accounting@smithandnewell.com, January 26, 2004. Northshore FPD, PUBLIC SAFETY DIVISION | Northshore Fire (northshorefpd.com), March 25, 2024. Public Elementary Schools in Clearlake Oaks, CA - Niche, March 24, 2024. Public Protection Classification Summary Report, Lake CO FPSA, Prepared by Insurance Services Office, 1000 Bishops Gate Blvd. Ste. 300, PO Box 5404, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey 08054-5404. 1- 800-444-4544, January 2024. Ridgeline Municipal Strategies, South Lake County Fire Protection District Fire Mitigation Fee Nexus Study, January 2, 2024, Page 16. Riveria West Homeowners Association, April 3, 2004. Sangree, Hudson (October 5, 2015). "A few live on amid ashes of Valley fire community of Anderson Springs". The Sacramento Bee. Soda Bay, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), April 3, 2024. South Lake County Fire Protection District, 2024. Home (southlakecountyfire.org). March 27, 2024. Contacts (southlakecountyfire.org), March 27, 2024. ABOUT US (southlakecountyfire.org), March 27, 2024. Upper Lake, California Population 2024 (worldpopulationreview.com), March 24, 2024. US Census Data, QuickFacts, March 22, 2024. US Census Bureau Quick Facts, Hidden Valley Lake CDP, California, March 27, 2024 Water Levels at Lake Pillsbury to Be Lower this Year - PGE Currents, April 4, 2024. Water Systems | Lake County, CA (lakecountyca.gov), March 21, 2024. Welcome to Riviera Heights Homeowners Association, April 3, 2004. worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/kelseyville-ca-population, March 16, 2024. PREPARERS Lake LAFCO, John Benoit, Executive Officer PO Box 2694, Granite Bay CA 95746 707-592-7528, johnbenoit@surewest.net Christy Leighton, Planning Consultant 555 E. Willow Street, Willows CA 95988 530-517-0717, christyleighton@sbcglobal.net 128