LAFCO
Indian Valley CSD and Crescent Mills FPD Spheres of Influence (adopted February 8, 2016)
Read the report at Local Agency Formation Commissions ↗
PLUMAS LAFCO
ADOPTED
SPHERES OF INFLUENCE
Fire and EMS
(Resolution 2015-0007)
Crescent Mills Fire Protection District
Indian Valley Community Services District
AND
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting
(Resolution 2015-0008)
Indian Valley Community Services District
February 8, 2016
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 LAFCo’s Responsibilities 1
1.2 Sphere of Influence Requirements 1
1.3 LAFCO Policies and Procedures Related to Spheres of Influence 2
1.4 Description of Public Participation Process 2
1.5 Possible Approaches to the Sphere of Influence 2
1.6 SOI Update Process 4
1.7 SOI Amendments and CEQA 4
1.8 Sphere of Influence Document 5
1.9 History of LAFCo’s Requirements to adopt and update
Spheres of Influence 5
2 CRESCENT MILLS FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT AND
INDIAN VALLEY COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT 7
2.1 Crescent Mills and Indian Valley Community Background 7
2.1.1 Crescent Mills 7
2.1.2 Greenville 8
2.1.3 Indian Falls 8
2.1.4 Taylorsville 9
2.1.5 Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD History
and Background 10
2.1.6 Crescent Mills Fire Protection District Background 10
2.1.7 Indian Valley Community Services District Background 10
2.2 Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD Spheres of Influence 11
2.2.1 SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use f
or the Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD 12
2.2.2 SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services: Present
and Probable Need for the Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley
CSD 13
2.2.3 SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future
Capacity for the Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley CSD 14
2.2.4 SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of
Interest for the Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley CSD 17
2.2.5 Present and probable need for public facilities and services of any
Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities within the existing Sphere of
Influence for Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD 17
2.2.6 Map: Crescent Mills Fire Protection District and Indian Valley
Community Services District Fire and EMS Sphere of Influence 18
2.2.7 Map: Indian Valley Community Services District Water, Lighting,
Wastewater and Parks Sphere of Influence 19
ABBREVIATIONS 20
REFERENCES 22
PREPARERS 22
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 LAFCO's Responsibilities
This Sphere of Influence (SOI) Study has been prepared for the Plumas Local Agency
Formation Commission (Plumas LAFCO). Local Agency Formation Commissions
(LAFCOs) are quasi-legislative local agencies created in 1963 to assist the State in
encouraging the orderly development and formation of local agencies. This SOI Study
consists of a review of the districts, which provide fire protection service in central
Plumas County. These districts are as follows:
Crescent Mills Fire Protection District (CMFPD)
Indian Valley Community Services District (IVCSD)
The Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000
(Government Code §56000 et seq.) is the statutory authority for the preparation of an
Municipal Service Review (MSR) and periodic updates of the Sphere of Influence of
each local agency, as determined necessary.
A Sphere of Influence is a plan for the probable physical boundaries and service area of
a local agency, as determined by the affected Local Agency Formation Commission
(Government Code §56076). Government Code §56425(f) requires that each Sphere of
Influence be updated not less than every five years as necessary, and §56430 provides
that a Municipal Service Review shall be conducted in advance of the Sphere of
Influence update. Territory within a Sphere of Influence of an agency does not mean it
will be annexed. There are several requirements for annexation that will be addressed
at the time an annexation is proposed.
1.2 Sphere of Influence Requirements
In determining the Sphere of Influence for each local agency, LAFCO must consider and
prepare a written statement of determinations with respect to each of the following:
1. The present and planned land uses in the area, including agricultural and open
space lands
2. The present and probable need for public facilities and services in the area
3. The present capacity of public facilities and adequacy of public services which
the agency provides, or is authorized to provide
4. The existence of any social or economic communities of interest in the area if the
commission determines that they are relevant to the agency
5. Present and probable need for public facilities and services of any disadvantaged
unincorporated communities within the existing Sphere of Influence
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
1.3 LAFCO Policies and Procedures Related to Spheres of Influence
Plumas LAFCO has adopted policies and procedures related to spheres of influence that
are included as part of an overall Plumas LAFCO Policy, Standards and Procedures
document adopted on June 16, 2010.
Plumas LAFCO has discussed and considered the SOI process in open session, and
has adopted a schedule notwithstanding budget appropriations for completing the
various municipal service reviews and sphere of influence updates for Plumas County. In
this case the agencies met with LAFCO staff and a map was drawn showing the
proposed Sphere of Influence area for each agency. The draft maps were prepared for
the agencies to review the proposed Sphere of Influence with their respective Boards of
Directors. This action does not include changing or amending the Emergency Services
Boundaries. That process is distinct from the LAFCO process and will be approved by
another legislative body.
1.4 Description of Public Participation Process
Plumas LAFCO is authorized by the California Legislature and delegated powers as
stated in the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000
(the Act). LAFCO proceedings are subject to the provisions California’s open meeting
law, the Ralph M. Brown Act (Government Code Sections 54950 et seq.)
The Brown Act requires advance posting of meeting agendas and contains various other
provisions designed to ensure that the public has adequate access to information
regarding the proceedings of public boards and commissions. Plumas LAFCO complies
with the requirements of the Brown Act.
1.5 Possible Approaches to the Sphere of Influence
Plumas LAFCO may recommend government reorganizations to particular agencies in
Plumas County, using the SOIs as the basis for those recommendations. Based on
review of the guidelines of Plumas LAFCO as well as other LAFCOs in the State, various
conceptual approaches have been identified from which to choose in designating an
SOI. These seven approaches are explained below:
1) Coterminous Sphere:
A Coterminous Sphere means that the Sphere of Influence for a city or special district
that is the same as its existing boundaries of the city or district. In the case of the
IVCSD, a limited service SOI for water, street lighting, parks and wastewater
should be established. Bringing district owned infrastructure is also included in
the IVCSD Sphere of Influence.
2) Annexable Sphere:
A sphere larger than the agency’s boundaries identifies areas the agency is expected to
annex. The annexable area is outside the district boundaries and inside the sphere of
influence.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
3) Detachable Sphere:
A sphere that is smaller than the agency’s boundaries identifies areas the agency is
expected to detach. The detachable area is the area within the agency bounds but not
within its sphere of influence.
4) Zero Sphere:
A zero sphere indicates the affected agency’s public service functions should be
reassigned to another agency and the agency should be dissolved or combined with one
or more other agencies.
5) Consolidated Sphere:
A consolidated sphere includes two or more local agencies and indicates the agencies
should be consolidated into one agency. One of the goals of LAFCO is to consider
consolidation of districts. This option was discussed with both agencies and it was
determined a committee would be selected to explore consolidation. For Fire and EMS
services, this option is the Sphere recommendation as supported by the
determinations stated in the Service Review adopted by Plumas LAFCo on
December 9, 2013. This SOI would also be a limited SOI for fire and EMS only.
6) Limited Service Sphere:
A limited service sphere is the territory included within the SOI of a multi-service provider
agency that is also within the boundary of a limited purpose district, which provides the
same service (e.g., water and wastewater), but not all needed services. Territory
designated as a limited service SOI may be considered for annexation to the limited
purpose agency without detachment from the multi-service provider.
This type of SOI is generally adopted when the following conditions exist:
a) The limited service provider is providing adequate, cost effective and efficient
services
b) The multi-service agency is the most logical provider of the other services
c) There is no feasible or logical SOI alternative
d) Inclusion of the territory is in the best interests of local government organization
and structure in the area
Government Code §56001 specifically recognizes that in rural areas it may be
appropriate to establish limited purpose agencies to serve an area rather than a single
service provider, if multiple limited purpose agencies are better able to provide efficient
services to an area rather than one service district. This is included as part of the
recommendation for the Fire and EMS SOI within Indian Valley as well as the SOI
for water, wastewater, street lighting and parks for the IVCSD.
Moreover, Government Code Section §56425(i), governing sphere determinations, also
authorizes a sphere for less than all of the services provided by a district by requiring a
district affected by a sphere action to “establish the nature, location, and extent of any
functions of classes of services provided by existing districts” recognizing that more than
one district may serve an area and that a given district may provide less than its full
range of services in an area.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
7) Sphere Planning Area:
LAFCO may choose to designate a sphere planning area to signal that it anticipates
expanding an agency’s SOI in the future to include territory not yet within its official SOI.
There are no anticipated sphere planning areas within Plumas County at this time.
1.6 SOI Update Process
LAFCO is required to establish SOIs for all local agencies and enact policies to promote
the logical and orderly development of areas within the SOIs. Furthermore, LAFCO must
update those SOIs every five years, as necessary. In updating the SOI, LAFCO is
required to conduct a Municipal Service Review (MSR) and adopt related
determinations, which was adopted on December 9, 2013.1 This report identifies SOI
determinations and recommends a SOI signaling among other options, the consolidation
of the two fire departments providing fire protection and EMS services in the Indian
Valley area as well as SOI determinations for water, wastewater, parks and lighting for
the IVCSD as a separate Sphere of Influence.
LAFCO must notify affected agencies 21 days before holding a public hearing to
consider the SOI and may not update the SOI until that hearing is closed. The LAFCO
Executive Officer must issue a report including recommendations on the SOI
amendment and update under consideration at least five days before the public hearing.
1.7 SOI Amendments and CEQA
LAFCO has the discretion to limit SOI updates to those that it may process without
unnecessarily delaying the SOI update process or without requiring its funding agencies
to bear the costs of environmental studies associated with SOI expansions. Any local
agency or individual may file a request for an SOI amendment. The request must state
the nature of and reasons for the proposed amendment, and provide a map depicting
the proposal.
LAFCO may require the requester to pay a fee to cover LAFCO costs, including the
costs of appropriate environmental review under CEQA. LAFCO may elect to serve as
lead agency for such a review, may designate the proposing agency as lead agency, or
both the local agency and LAFCO may serve as co-lead agencies for purposes of an
SOI amendment.
Local agencies are encouraged to consult with LAFCO staff early in the process
regarding the most appropriate approach for the particular SOI amendment under
consideration.
1 Plumas LAFCO Resolution 2013-06 Approving a Municipal Service Review of Services Provided by Central Plumas Fire
Agencies and Adopting Written Determinations Thereon, December 9, 2013.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
Certain types of SOI amendments are likely exempt from CEQA review. Examples are
SOI expansions that include territory already within the bounds or service area of an
agency, SOI reductions, zero SOIs and coterminous SOI’s. SOI expansions for limited
purpose agencies that provide services (e.g., fire protection, levee protection, cemetery,
and resource conservation) needed by both rural and urban areas are typically not
considered growth-inducing and are likely exempt from CEQA. Similarly, SOI
expansions for districts serving rural areas (e.g., irrigation water) are typically not
considered growth inducing.
Remy et al. write:
“In City of Agoura Hills v. Local Agency Formation Commission (2d
Dist.1988) 198 Cal.App.3d480, 493-496 [243 Cal.Rptr.740] (City of
Agoura Hills), the court held that a LAFCO’s decision to approve a city’s
sphere of influence that in most respects was coterminous with the city’s
existing municipal boundaries was not a “project” because such action did
not entail any potential effects on the physical environment.”2
1.8 Sphere of Influence Document
Information contained in this Sphere of Influence is only current as of the date of
adoption. Plumas LAFCO Policy 3-C calls for an updated Municipal Service Review
(MSR) at the time a proposal is made and essentially requires an updated Municipal
Services Review anytime a change of organization is proposed provided significant
changes in the Municipal Service Review baseline occur. There has been no
noteworthy changes necessitating an update to the MSR that was adopted on December
9, 2013.
1.9 History of LAFCo’s Requirements to adopt and update Spheres of
Influence
LAFCO’s were created in 1965 to discourage urban sprawl and to encourage orderly
and efficient urban development patterns. To accomplish those objectives, LAFCOs
were given two basic powers:
1) To establish spheres of influence of each local governmental agency within its
county
2) To approve or disapprove proposals for annexation of territory
In 1971 the Legislature modified certain statutory language to make the adoption of
spheres of influence mandatory, but no deadline was set.
In 1977 an opinion of the Attorney General concluded that, despite the absence of an
explicit deadline, a LAFCO must adopt spheres within a reasonable time. The case
Resource Defense Fund v. Local Agency Formation commission of Santa Cruz County
(1983) 138 Cal.App.3d 987,989,994,188 Cal.Rptr.499) says before a Local Agency
2 Remy, Michael H., Tina A. Thomas, James G. Moose, Whitman F. Manley, Guide to CEQA, Solano Press Books, Point
Arena, CA, February 2007, page 111.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
Formation Commission can approve an annexation, a Sphere of Influence must first be
determined. During the 1980’s most LAFCOs completed Spheres of Influence for all
agencies within their jurisdiction, including Plumas LAFCO.
In 2001 with the passage of AB 2838 LAFCO’s were required to periodically update
Spheres of Influence. However, in order to adopt a Sphere of Influence for an agency,
LAFCO was required to do a comprehensive review of municipal services and prepare a
Municipal Service Review (MSR).
The statute was later amended to clarify the content of a MSR and to clearly state a
deadline to prepare Spheres of Influence. The current statute states: “On or before
January 1, 2008, and every five years thereafter, the commission shall, as necessary,
review and update each Sphere of Influence”.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2 CRESCENT MILLS FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT AND INDIAN VALLEY
COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT
Although the Indian Valley Community Services District (IVCSD) provides fire services to
the Crescent Mills FPD on occasion through an automatic aid agreement, these services
are technically provided within the IVCSD’s boundaries as it overlaps the entirety of
Crescent Mills FPD.
The Crescent Mills Fire Protection District is south of the Indian Valley Community
Services District, which provides fire and EMS services. Since one of the purposes of
LAFCO is “efficiently providing government services, and encouraging the orderly
formation and development of local agencies…,”3 and both districts are located in Indian
Valley, the Sphere of Influence report for these two districts will send a signal the fire
and EMS functions of the two districts be combined with the recommendation for a
consolidated Sphere of Influence. A recently formed committee with representatives
from Crescent Mills and IVCSD fire exploring possible consolidation failed to produce
any results.
As for other Services (water, parks, lighting and wastewater) provided by the IVCSD, a
separate limited service sphere should be adopted
2.1 Crescent Mills and Indian Valley Community Background
There are four communities within Indian Valley: Crescent Mills, Greenville, Indian Falls,
and Taylorsville. Greenville is the largest community and the schools are located in
Greenville. A brief description of each area is included below.
2.1.1 Crescent Mills
Crescent Mills (formerly, Crescent City and Crescent) is a census-designated place
(CDP) located 3.5 miles southeast of Greenville. The population was 196 at the 2010
census, down from 258 at the 2000 census.
The 2010 US Census reported that in Crescent Mills 196 people lived in 93 households,
out of which 21 (22.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them. There were 35
households (37.6%) were made up of individuals and 11 (11.8%) had someone living
alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11. There
were 54 families (58.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.65.
The population was spread out in age as follows:
CRESCENT MILLS AGE DISTRIBUTION 2010
Under the age of 18 37 people 18.9%
18 to 24 7 people 3.6%
25 to 44 32 people 16.3%
3 California Government Code Section 56301.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
45 to 64 78 people 39.8%
65 years of age or older 42 people 21.4%
The median age was 52.6 years. For every 100 females there were 90.3 males. For
every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.3 males.
In Crescent Mills there were 115 housing units of which 64 (68.8%) were owner-
occupied, and 29 (31.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was
5.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.1%. There were 140 people (71.4% of the
population) living in owner-occupied housing units and 56 people (28.6%) living in rental
housing units.
2.1.2 Greenville
Greenville is a census-designated place (CDP), on the north-west side of Indian Valley.
The population was 1,129 at the 2010 census, down from 1,160 at the 2000 census.
The Census reported that 1,129 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0
(0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 496 households, out of which 139 (28.0%) had children under the age of 18
living in them, 171 households (34.5%) were made up of individuals and 67 (13.5%) had
someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
was 2.28. There were 283 families (57.1% of all households); the average family size
was 2.91.
The population was spread out in age as follows:
GREENVILLE AGE DISTRIBUTION 2010
Under the age of 18 256 people 22.7%
18 to 24 78 people 6.9%
25 to 44 227 people 20.1%
45 to 64 378 people 33.5%
65 years of age or older 190 people 16.8%
The median age was 45.4 years. For every 100 females there were 97.4 males. For
every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.
There were 613 housing units of which 251 (50.6%) were owner-occupied, and 245
(49.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.9%; the rental
vacancy rate was 9.2%. There were 583 people (51.6% of the population) living in
owner-occupied housing units and 546 people (48.4%) living in rental housing units.
2.1.3 Indian Falls
Indian Falls is a census-designated place (CDP). The population was 54 at the 2010
census, up from 37 at the 2000 census.
The 2010 US Census reported that in Indian Falls; 54 people lived in 24 households, out
of which 7 (29.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6 households
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
(25.0%) were made up of individuals and 1 (4.2%) had someone living alone who was
65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25. There were 17 families
(70.8% of all households); the average family size was 2.65.
The population was spread out in age as follows:
Indian Falls Age Distribution 2010
Under the age of 18 12 people 22.2%
18 to 24 1 people 1.9%
25 to 44 13 people 24.1%
45 to 64 26 people 48.1%
65 years of age or older 2 people 3.7%
The Indian Falls median age was 45.3 years. For every 100 females there were 134.8
males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 121.1 males.
There were 33 housing units of which 22 (91.7%) were owner-occupied, and 2 (8.3%)
were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy
rate was 0%. There were 51 people (94.4% of the population) living in owner-occupied
housing units and 3 people (5.6%) living in rental housing units.
2.1.4 Taylorsville
Taylorsville is a census-designated place (CDP). The Taylorsville area includes the
North Arm Valley and the small community of Genesee. The population was 140 at the
2010 Census, down from 154 at the 2000 Census.
The 2010 US Census reported that in Taylorsville, 140 people lived in 71 households,
out of which 12 (16.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 30 households
(42.3%) were made up of individuals and 8 (11.3%) had someone living alone who was
65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.97. There were 37 families
(52.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.62.
The population was spread out in age as follows:
TAYLORSVILLE AGE DISTRIBUTION 2010
Under the age of 18 25 people 17.9%
18 to 24 9 people 6.4%
25 to 44 25 people 17.9%
45 to 64 54 people 38.6%
65 years of age or older 27 people 19.3%
The median age was 50.3 years. For every 100 females there were 105.9 males. For
every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.4 males.
There were 88 housing units of which 50 (70.4%) were owner-occupied, and 21 (29.6%)
were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy
rate was 4.5%. There were 92 people (65.7% of the population) living in owner-occupied
housing units and 48 people (34.3%) living in rental housing units.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2.1.5 Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD History and Background
The Crescent Mills FPD was formed in 1950 and was not changed when the Indian
Valley CSD was formed from three districts in 1993. Although the Crescent Mills FPD
has a longer history than the Indian Valley CSD, it is now time to consider combining the
Crescent Mills FPD with the Indian Valley CSD for the purpose of fire protection. A brief
description of each district is given below.
2.1.6 Crescent Mills Fire Protection District Background
Crescent Mills FPD was formed in 1950 for the purpose of providing fire protection to the
residents of the District. Crescent Mills Fire Protection District (CMFPD) provides
structural fire, emergency medical and emergency rescue services.4
CMFPD is located in the southwestern portion of Indian Valley in Plumas County and is
entirely surrounded by the Indian Valley Community Services District (IVCSD), which
among other services provides fire protection. The present boundary of CMFPD
encompass approximately 3.5 square miles and includes the very small communities of
Crescent Mills and Indian Falls.
CMFPD is governed by a five-member board of directors elected at large to staggered
four-year terms. All current members were elected; there are no vacancies. The chair of
the Board rotates with each meeting. The Board meets a minimum of once a quarter on
a Sunday at four in the afternoon at the District’s Station 1.
CMFPD has a formal automatic aid agreement with Indian Valley CSD and informal
mutual aid agreements with all fire service providers in Plumas County. The District is a
member of the Plumas County Fire Chiefs’ Association and Special District Association.
2.1.7 Indian Valley Community Services District Background5
The Indian Valley Community Services District (IVCSD) provides retail water, fire
protection, emergency medical, street lighting, park and recreation, and wastewater
collection and treatment services. Additionally, the District provides contract general
manager services to the Indian Valley Ambulance Service Association through a Joint
Powers Agreement.
IVCSD was formed in 19936 after a reorganization of Greenville Community Services
District, Taylorsville Fire Protection District and Taylorsville County Service Area into a
single district. The District continued providing services that were offered by its
predecessor agencies.
4 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 33.
5 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 72.
6 Plumas LAFCO Resolution 93-1.
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Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
The Indian Valley CSD has a five-member Board of Directors. IVSCD Board meetings
are held on the second Wednesday of the month at 6:30pm. Ten months of the year the
meetings are held at the Greenville town hall; during the other two months, one meeting
is held in Taylorsville and one meeting in Crescent Mills.
2.2 Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD Spheres of Influence
Possible SOI Determinations
The current Crescent Mills Fire Protection District SOI is coterminous with that District’s
boundary. Indian Valley CSD completely surrounds CMFPD. Over the years, both
districts have considered consolidation for some time and have been in discussions as
to how to best go about consolidation. The latest effort in 2015 produced no consensus.
The following options could be considered:
a) The Indian Valley CSD Fire Department could become independent of the
IVCSD as a new fire protection district and then consolidate with CMFPD to
include all territory within both agencies. This will involve the IVCSD divesting
itself of Fire and Emergency Services functions and merging with the CMFPD to
form a new district.
b) The Indian Valley CSD could divest itself of fire services and CMFPD could then
annex the territory currently served by IVCSD.7
c) The CMFPD could become part of the IVCSD fire department.
d) The fire and EMS functions of the IVCSD could become independent of the
IVCSD.
e) An Option could be to adopt separate Spheres of Influence for the IVCSD-Fire
and the CMFPD. This would send a signal that LAFCo would like these agencies
to remain independent of one another.
However, while no formal steps towards consolidation have yet to be been taken all of
the above options would require Plumas LAFCO action to different degrees.
The IVCSD currently does not have an adopted Sphere of Influence for the functions it
provides. Plumas LAFCO records show that a sphere study was to be conducted
following the reorganization of Greenville CSD and Taylorsville CSA in 1993; however, it
appears that the study was never completed and an SOI never adopted for the Indian
Valley CSD.
Possible SOI Considerations
7 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 34.
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Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
Should the Indian Valley CSD choose to continue to provide fire services, it is
recommended that the Indian Valley CSD come to Plumas LAFCO to differentiate
between the fire and water and wastewater service areas, which would ensure ease of
annexation of additional territory for the purpose of fire service provision and promote
the goal of a valley-wide fire provider.8
Additionally, another governance option is some form of reorganization of park services
with Indian Valley Recreation and Park District, given that the two agencies provide a
similar category of park and recreation services within boundaries that overlap one
another. IVCSD has also recently sent a letter of support to Plumas County for a
countywide lighting district, which would result in the divesting of lighting services by the
Indian Valley CSD. 9
Proposed SOI Determinations
The proposed Sphere of Influence will show that the SOI for Crescent Mills FPD would
be expanded and would be the same as the SOI for the Indian Valley CSD, which would
allow expansion of the combined district in the future. It would reduce costs to have one
district instead of two and to coordinate all fire protection services in one agency.
Adoption of the Sphere of Influence does not change the district boundaries. The actual
changes will require studies, hearings and actions by the Plumas Local Agency
Formation Commission. A Joint Powers Authority was discussed prior to becoming
legally combined but no action was takeny.
2.2.1 SOI Determinations on Present and Planned Land Use for the Crescent
Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD
1-1] A majority of the land uses within the Crescent Mills Fire Protection District are
commercial, industrial and residential. The Crescent Mills FPD’s boundary
encompasses approximately 3.5 square miles. There are approximately 487
residents within the Crescent Mills FPD, no growth is anticipated in the near
future. The Crescent Mills FPD reported that there were no planned
developments within the CMFPD boundaries.
1-2] The lands within the Indian Valley Community Services District consist of several
land use designations, including single family residential, rural residential,
secondary suburban residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural preserve, and
resort and recreation. The Indian Valley CSD boundary encompasses
approximately 18.6 square miles. As of 2010, the Indian Valley CSD had a
population of approximately 2,479 residents
1-3] Neither district is a land use authority, and does not hold primary responsibility
for implementing growth strategies. The land use authority for unincorporated
areas is Plumas County.
8 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 81.
9 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 81.
1 2
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
1-4] The State Department of Finance (DOF) projects that the population of Plumas
County will grow by four percent in the next 10 years. Thus, the average annual
population growth in the County is anticipated to be approximately 0.4 percent.10
1-5] Based on State projections, the Crescent Mills FPD population would increase
from 487 in 2010 to approximately 506 in 2020. It is anticipated that demand for
service within the Crescent Mills FPD will increase minimally based on the DOF
population growth projections through 2020.11
1-6] Based on State projections, the Indian Valley CSD population would increase
from 2,479 in 2010 to approximately 2,578 in 2020. It is anticipated that demand
for service within the District will increase minimally based on the DOF population
growth projections through 2020.12
1-7] The population data for the Indian Valley CSD includes the population of the
Crescent Mills FPD because that community is part of the Indian Valley CSD.
2.2.2 SOI Determinations on Facilities and Services: Present and Probable Need
for the Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley CSD
2-1] The Crescent Mills FPD reported that it had observed an increase in service
demand in the last few years. There was an increase in calls over the last four
years of approximately 56 percent, a majority of which the CMFPD attributes to
an increase in medical service calls.
2-2] CMFPD anticipates no residential growth within Crescent Mills in the next few
years. The CMFPD reported that there were no planned or proposed
developments within the CMFPD boundaries.
2-3] The Indian Valley CSD reported that demand for services in recent years had
been relatively static. Occupancy in the area has reportedly marginally
decreased, and related demand for services has remained relatively unchanged.
2-4] There is one planned subdivision in the IVCSD area. Permits for the Round
Valley development (near Greenville) have been issued for 29 lots. Building of
these lots has not yet begun, as the landowner has entered foreclosure. IVCSD
plans to provide services to the new development upon completion.
2-5] There will be a continuing need for all the services provided by the Indian Valley
CSD. The fire protection and emergency medical service provided by the
Crescent Mills FPD could be combined with the same services provided by the
Indian Valley CSD.
10 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 38.
11 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 38.
12 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 78.
1 3
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2.2.3 SOI Determinations on Public Facilities Present and Future Capacity for the
Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley CSD
Fire Protection
3-1] IVCSD employs four full-time and two part-time staff, consisting of full-time office
manager, chief water/sewer operator, water treatment and sewer operator, and
fire chief positions, a part-time general manager position, and a seasonal general
maintenance position. Additionally, the Indian Valley CSD’s fire department
relies on 24 volunteers to provide fire services. The fire chief, office manager,
and chief water operator report to the general manager, who in turn reports to the
Board of Directors at monthly meetings. The water operator and general
maintenance staff report to the chief water operator. Ambulance, accounting,
bookkeeping, audit, lab water testing, legal counsel and business services are
provided by contract service providers.
3-2] IVCSD has 16 Volunteer Firefighter, no Firefighter 1, four First Responder EMT,
four EMT 1, and two Paramedic certified personnel.
3-3] IVCSD owns and operates four fire stations located throughout Indian Valley, all
of which are unstaffed.
3-4] The Indian Valley CSD Greenville Fire Station was previously owned by the
Greenville Fire Protection District, prior to the reorganization of the districts in the
area; based on information provided by the County Assessor’s Office, the
Greenville Fire Station appears to continue to be owned by Greenville FPD,
although the agency technically no longer exists. It is recommended that IVCSD
ensure that the property is in the name of the proper owner. The Greenville Fire
Station is located at 121 Ann Street in Greenville and was built in 1932. It is
considered to be in fair condition by the Indian Valley CSD, due to its age and
size constraints. The Greenville Fire Station houses two pumpers, one rescue
vehicle, and one water tender. Although the vehicles are somewhat older, they
are reportedly in good working condition, and no replacements are necessary at
this time.
3-5] The IVCSD reported that the Greenville Fire Station is outdated and
overcrowded. As the main district station, the IVCSD reported it would like to
have room for two more vehicles, plus equipment. At present, the IVCSD does
not have plans for improvements or expansion to this station, given financing
constraints.
3-6] The Indian Valley CSD Taylorsville Station, North Arm Station, and Genesee
Station were previously owned by the Taylorsville Fire Protection District prior to
reorganization; similar to the Greenville Station, records on ownership of these
stations continue to show the former fire protection district as the owner although
the agency no longer exists. The Taylorsville Station was built in 1952 and is
reportedly in good condition. Similar to the Greenville Station, the Taylorsville
Station houses two pumpers, one rescue vehicle, and one water tender. The
North Arm Station was built in 1995 and is reportedly in good condition. The
1 4
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
North Arm Station houses two pumpers. The Genesee Fire Station was built in
1998, and is also considered to be in good condition. The Genesee Station does
not house any vehicles.
3-7] The IVCSD relies on property tax revenue and donations to finance the fire, park
and recreation, and lighting services. Water and wastewater utilities are financed
through rates collected for the respective utility. Each utility is tracked through a
separate enterprise fund by system (i.e., Greenville, Taylorsville).
3-8] The CMFPD has one fire chief and 10 volunteer firefighters. Daily operations are
managed by the fire chief, who is paid a monthly stipend. The Crescent Mills
FPD Board secretary handles bills and paperwork. The chief is accountable to
the Board; volunteer firefighters report to the chief. CMFPD has 10 Firefighter I
and three EMT I certified personnel.
3-9] The CMFPD reports that current financing levels are marginally adequate to
deliver services. CMFPD has a lot of deferred maintenance on its facilities and
equipment and insufficient revenue sources to cover those needs. 13
3-10] CMFPD in not considering a special tax measure, as there are a substantial
number of low income residents within the District.
3-11] The CMFPD’s total revenue for FY 11-12 was $24,454. Ninety eight percent of
the income came from property tax revenue.
3-12] CMFPD operates two fire stations. Crescent Mills Fire Station, which was
reported to be in fair condition, is located at 36 Carter Street in Crescent Mills
and was built in 1940. Indian Falls Fire Station, located at 238 Indian Falls Road
in Indian Falls, was built in 1983. The station was also reported to be in fair
condition. Neither of the CMFPD’s stations are staffed.
3-13] The CMFPD is in need of a new tank for the tanker (which would cost about
$150,000 to $300,000), breathing apparatuses, and new fire extinguishers. In
addition, the septic tank at Crescent Mills Station needs to be pumped.
Water Service
3-14] IVCSD supplies potable water to the communities of Greenville and Crescent
Mills. All other areas (i.e., Taylorsville) within the District’s bounds rely on private
well systems. The Indian Valley CSD serves a total of 664 water connections—
582 connections in the Greenville system and 82 connections in the Crescent
Mills system. All connections in both systems are metered, and monthly billings
are made according to water usage.14
13 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 41.
14 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 89.
1 5
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
3-15] The IVCSD reported that the primary challenge to providing adequate services is
limited funding. Until recently, water charges had not been increased since 2006,
and the IVCSD was marginally able to cover all operating expenses, with little left
over for necessary capital improvements. In 2013, the IVCSD updated rates to
ensure revenues will adequately cover operational, capital, and reserve needs.15
Wastewater Collection and Treatment
3-16] IVCSD provides wastewater collection and treatment at its facilities in Taylorsville
and Greenville. The two systems are subject to two separate permits issued by
the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB).16 The permit for the
Taylorsville system became effective in 1995 and expired in 2005. The
Greenville permit became effective in 1999 and is set to expire in 2015. The
Taylorsville system serves 91 users. The Greenville system is made up of 351
connections.17
3-17] The Greenville wastewater collection system is aged and in need of replacement.
The mains suffer from infiltration and inflow (I/I) during wet periods. It is
recommended that the District develop a regular replacement schedule to ensure
that all deficient segments are replaced and the current I/I issue mitigated.18
Park and Recreation Services
3-18] IVCSD offers park and recreation services in the form of ownership and
maintenance of three parks (two in Greenville and one in Taylorsville) and
ownership of a community pool, all of which are made available to residents and
non-residents alike. The Indian Valley CSD does not offer or plan recreation
programs at these facilities, but leases the pool to Indian Valley Recreation and
Park District (IVRPD) for operation and recreational activities during the summer
and maintains a memorandum of understanding with the local Little League for
use of the baseball fields.19
Lighting Services
3-19] IVCSD is responsible for providing street lighting for both Greenville and
Taylorsville. Responsibilities include paying the utility bill for electricity and
forwarding any complaints to the utility company (PG&E) for repair. The Indian
Valley CSD is not responsible for maintaining street lights. 20
15 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 91.
16 State of California, RWQCB Waste Discharge Requirements 99-046 (Greenville) and 95-162 (Taylorsville).
17 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 93.
18 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 94.
19 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 96.
20 Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9, 2013, Prepared by Policy
Consulting Associates, LLC, Page 98.
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Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2.2.4 SOI Determinations on Social or Economic Communities of Interest for the
Crescent Mills FPD and the Indian Valley CSD
4-1] Greenville is the largest community in Indian Valley and is the location of the
Elementary School and the Junior-Senior High School.
4-2] The Indian Valley CSD has a website and has regular Board meetings in
Greenville and in Crescent Mills and Taylorville.
4-3] The Indian Valley CSD does a good job of unifying the entire area and still
recognizing the smaller communities.
4-4] In addition to the required agendas and minutes, the CMFPD tries to reach its
constituents through participating in community events such as a Christmas
event and the Veteran’s Day and Fourth of July parades, taking students and
scouts on station tours, and performing crash demonstrations to kids.
4-5] The CMFPD reported that an improvement to the dispatch service could be a
clearer distinction between the Indian Valley CSD and Crescent Mills FPD
service areas.
4-6] The CMFPD lacks a website where district information is made available to the
public.
4-7] Meeting agendas for the IVCSD are posted on the district website, at the CSD
office, Greenville and Crescent Mills post offices, fire station in Taylorsville, and
Evergreen grocery store.
4-8] IVCSD outreach efforts, in addition to the legally required agendas and minutes,
consist of mailing out the annual water quality report to district residents, inserts
in water bills regarding any update of interest to the public, and a district website.
4-9 The IVCSD makes available public documents, meeting information, contact
information, and board meeting recordings on its website. The IVCSD also
operates a Facebook page where additional information is made available.
2.2.5 Present and probable need for public facilities and services of any
Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities within the existing Sphere of
Influence for Crescent Mills FPD and Indian Valley CSD
5-1] Since reliable water, wastewater and fire services are available to population
areas containing more than 25 parcels in close proximity to one another or areas
with more than 12 registered voters the Indian Valley area does not meet
LAFCo’s specific definition (and all of the criteria) to be considered a
Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community.
1 7
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2.3.6 Map: Crescent Mills Fire Protection District and Indian Valley Community
Services District Fire and EMS Sphere of Influence
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²
Legend Indian Valley CSD
Parcels Resolution: 93-1
Highways Sectional Grid (MDB&M) Formed: April 28, 1993
Major Roads Combined IVCSD and CMFPD (SOI)
Stream / River Resolution: 2015-0007
Waterbodies Adopted: February 8, 2016
0 0.5 1 2Miles Source: Plumas LAFCo Map Modified 2/27/2016
1 8
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Indian Valley Fire and EMS Sphere of Influence
Range 9 East Range 10 East Range 11 East
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Plumas County
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Providers Sphere of Influence
kj Communities
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
2.3.7 Map: Indian Valley Community Services District Water, Lighting,
Wastewater and Parks Sphere of Influence
32 33 34 35 36
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²
Legend
Indian Valley CSD
Resolution: 93-1 Formed: April 28, 1993
Major Roads
Indian Valley CSD (SOI)
Stream / River Resolution: 2015-0008
Waterbodies Adopted: February 8, 2016
0 0.5 1 2Miles Source: Plumas LAFCo Map Modified 2/21/2016
1 9
htroN 62 pihsnwoT
Indian Valley Community Services District
Range 9 East Range 10 East Range 11 East
Plumas County
Indian Valley CSD
Location Map (Not to Scale)
GREENVILLE
CRESCENT MILLS
TAYLORSVILLE
INDIAN FALLS
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Highways Plumas County Boundary Indian Valley CSD
Water and Wastewater
Parcels Lighting and Parks
Sectional Grid (MDB&M) Sphere of Influence
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
ABBREVIATIONS
AB Assembly Bill
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
ALS advanced life support
ARFF Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting vehicle
BOE Board of Equalization (State of California)
CalEMA California Emergency Management Agency
CALFIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection
CDP Census Designated Place
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CMFPD Crescent Mills Fire Protection District
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CSA County Service Area
CSD Community Services District
DOF Department of Finance (State of California)
DUC Disadvantaged Unincorporated Community
EMS Emergency Medical Services
EMT Emergency Medical Technician
FD Fire Department
FPD Fire Protection District
GCCSD Greenhorn Creek Community Services District
HOA Home Owners Association
ICS Incident Command System
IMT Incident Management Team
2 0
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
ISO Insurance Service Office
IVCSD Indian Valley Community Services District
JPA Joint Powers Agreement
LAFCO Local Agency Formation Commission
LARRO low angle rope rescue operation
LPFPD La Porte Fire Protection District
LVCSD Long Valley Community Services District
MSR Municipal Service Review
MVFPD Meadow Valley Fire Protection District
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
QFPD Quincy Fire Protection District
OASA out-of-area service agreement
PG&E Pacific Gas and Electric Company
RV Recreational Vehicle
SFT State Firefighter Training
SOI Sphere of Influence
SR State Route
SRA State Responsibility Area
SUV Sport Utility Vehicle
USFS United States Forest Service
2 1
Crescent Mills and IVCSD Fire Protection SOI Res. 2015-0007
IVCSD Water, Wastewater, Parks and Street Lighting SOI Res 2015-0008
Plumas LAFCo: Adopted February 8, 2016
REFERENCES
California Government Code Section 56301.
Durham, David L. (1998). California's Geographic Names: A Gazetteer of Historic and Modern
Names of the State. Quill Driver Books. ISBN 9781884995149.
http://www.plumascounty.org/Communities/LaPorte.htm, March 4, 2014
Plumas County APNs 122060047 and 122070005.
Plumas County General Plan 2013, Page 25.
Plumas LAFCO, Central Plumas Fire Municipal Service Review Final, Adopted December 9,
2013, Prepared by Policy Consulting Associates, LLC.
Plumas LAFCO Resolution 2013-0001.
Plumas LAFCO Resolution 2013-06 Approving a Municipal Service Review of Services Provided
by Central Plumas Fire Agencies and Adopting Written Determinations Thereon,
December 9, 2013.
Plumas LAFCO Resolution 8-ANNX-84.
Plumas LAFCO Resolution 83-29.
Plumas LAFCO Resolution 93-1.
Remy, Michael H., Tina A. Thomas, James G. Moose, Whitman F. Manley, Guide to CEQA,
Solano Press Books, Point Arena, CA, February 2007, page 111
State of California, RWQCB Waste Discharge Requirements 99-046 (Greenville) and 95-162
(Taylorsville).
US Census Designated Place Meadow Valley in Plumas County.
PREPARERS
Plumas LAFCO, John Benoit, Executive Officer
PO Box 2694, Granite Bay CA 95746
916-797-6003 johnbenoit@surewest.net
Christy Leighton, Planning Consultant
555 E. Willow Street, Willows CA 95988
530-934-4597christyleighton@sbcglobal.net
2 2