OIG
OIG Annual Report
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O I G
FFICE OF THE NSPECTOR ENERAL
MATTHEW L. CATE, INSPECTOR GENERAL
A R
NNUAL EPORT
2005
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 1
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
C
ONTENTS
MESSAGE FROM THE INSPECTOR GENERAL--------------------------------------------------------------1
HIGHLIGHTS OF 2005 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
ABOUT THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL--------------------------------------------------- 4
DUTIES OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL---------------------------------------------------------- 4
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART --------------------------------------------------------------- 5
BUREAU OF AUDITS AND INVESTIGATIONS----------------------------------------------------- 6
BUREAU OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW------------------------------------------------------------ 7
2005: THE YEAR IN REVIEW ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
LEGISLATIVE ACTIONS----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
ADMINISTRATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
STAFFING AND BUDGET------------------------------------------------------------------ 9
NEW FACILITIES--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
BUREAU OF AUDITS AND INVESTIGATIONS---------------------------------------------------- 10
AUDITS AND SPECIAL REVIEWS--------------------------------------------------------- 10
COMPLAINT STATISTICS----------------------------------------------------------------- 15
INVESTIGATIONS COMPLETED--------------------------------------------------------- 16
WARDEN EVALUATIONS----------------------------------------------------------------- 16
BUREAU OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW----------------------------------------------------------- 17
FACILITIES--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
BUREAU OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW (CONTINUED)
RECRUITMENT AND HIRING ----------------------------------------------------------- 18
TRAINING---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
INTERNAL AFFAIRS MONITORING—2005-------------------------------------------- 19
POLICY AND LEGAL REFORMS----------------------------------------------------------20
ASSESSMENT OF MADRID REFORMS--------------------------------------------------- 21
SPECIAL REVIEW--------------------------------------------------------------------------22
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL----------------24
A LOOK AHEAD: PLANS FOR THE FUTURE-------------------------------------------------------------25
A MESSAGE FROM THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
T
he year 2005 was pivotal for the Office safeguards to bolster
of the Inspector General. During the the Inspector
year, the office assumed vastly General’s
expanded responsibilities for oversight of the independence — a
state’s correctional system and acquired fixed six-year term
powerful new tools with which to fulfill those
for the Inspector
duties.
General and an
Inspector General
annually adjusted office MatthewL.Cate
Under new statutory requirements, the office
budget tied to
took on an accelerated schedule of top-to-
workload.
bottom audits of each of
the state’s 41 youth and
The year 2005 was pivotal for the
adult correctional Office of the Inspector General. During Along with those changes,
institutions and began the year, the office assumed vastly one additional critical
evaluating the expanded responsibilities for oversight reform was enacted: To
qualifications of every of the state correctional system and make correctional agencies
acquired powerful new tools with
candidate for a state more accountable to the
which to fulfill those duties.
prison warden position. public and to bring
—Inspector General Matthew L. Cate transparency to the
In January, as a result of operation of the state’s
an agreement between the Governor’s Office correctional system, the Legislature mandated
and the federal court, a new bureau—the that the Office of the Inspector General
Bureau of Independent Review— began publicly release its findings.
operations inside the Office of the Inspector
General to closely monitor internal affairs
Armed with these important tools, the Office
investigations within the state correctional
of the Inspector General in 2005 began
system. Another new state law established an
enforcing accountability on the part of the
ombudsperson inside the office to oversee
state’s correctional entities from another
resolution of sexual abuse complaints by
direction— by instituting a policy of returning
inmates and wards in state correctional
one year after the release of every audit and
institutions.
special review to assess the progress of the
responsible entities in implementing the
To enable the Office of the Inspector General
Inspector General’s earlier recommendations.
to fulfill these new responsibilities, in addition
to satisfying its existing mandates, the
Governor and the Legislature restored staff Together, these changes mean that
and budget lost as a result of deep budget cuts correctional entities must address deficiencies
in 2003. identified through the Inspector General’s
activities or be held accountable for failing to
At the same time, the Governor signed new take action.
legislation putting into place important
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 1
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
As a first step in implementing the new aimed at remedying deficiencies in the
follow-up policy, in 2005 the Office of the correctional system.
Inspector General launched a comprehensive
three-part “accountability audit” of 33
The Inspector General’s oversight activities
previous audits and special reviews of entities
are taking place in a shifting correctional
comprising the former Youth and Adult
environment. Over the course of the year, the
Correctional Agency. The first component of
former Department of Corrections underwent
that project—a follow-up audit of the former
reorganization and came under increased
California Youth Authority—was released in
judicial scrutiny as the result of a series of
January, and the second—a follow-up audit of
class-action lawsuits. At the same time, the
the former Board of Prison Terms—was
adult inmate population continues to
released in July. Fieldwork for the third and
challenge the capacity of the state’s prisons to
final component—a follow-up audit of the
provide safe housing, let alone operate
former Department of Corrections—was
effective programs, while the juvenile ward
completed by the end of the year. Future
population is both shrinking and becoming
follow-up audits will be an integral part of the
increasingly comprised of youths in need of
Inspector General’s activities.
ever-more intensive education and treatment.
In conjunction with those projects, in 2005
The effect of the trends is a heightened
the office continued to carry out a vigorous
urgency in finding solutions—to make the
program of investigations and special reviews,
state’s correctional system work in a way that
examining among other issues the
best serves not only its fundamental public
circumstances surrounding the stabbing death
safety mission but also the broad public
of a correctional officer, the shooting death of
interest.
an inmate, and the suicide of a youth in state
custody.
The Office of the Inspector General will
By year’s end, the office had conducted 43 continue to strenuously focus its oversight
investigations into alleged misconduct by efforts in the furtherance of those goals.■
correctional agencies and employees and had
issued a total of 233 new recommendations — Inspector General Matthew L. Cate.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 2
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
HIGHLIGHTS OF 2005
√ Comprehensive three-part follow-up audit launched to assess implementation of the Inspector General’s recommendations
from 33 previous audits and special reviews.
√ Budget and staffing of the Office of the Inspector General restored to $15.367 million and 95.8 positions after 2003 proposal to
abolish the office.
√ Follow-up audits of the former California Youth Authority and Board of Prison Terms completed and released.
√ New laws establishing a fixed six-year term for the Inspector General and an annually adjusted workload-based budget go
into effect to safeguard the Inspector General’s independence.
√ New law takes effect allowing the results of the Office of the Inspector General’s audits, reviews, investigations, and
monitoring activities to be made public.
√ New law takes effect requiring the Office of the Inspector General to audit every warden one year after his or her appointment
and every correctional institution at least once every four years.
√ Fieldwork completed for comprehensive follow-up audit of the former California Department of Corrections.
√ Bureau of Independent Review established inside the Office of the Inspector General.
√ Bureau of Independent Review establishes offices throughout the state; hires and trains a staff of attorneys and investigators;
and begins full-time monitoring of internal affairs investigations, opening 341 monitoring cases by the end of the year.
√ Management review audit of the N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility completed and released.
√ Special review into the death of a correctional officer at the California Institution for Men completed and released.
√ Office of the Sexual Abuse in Detention Elimination Ombudsperson established within the Office of the Inspector General
to ensure impartial resolution of inmate and ward sexual abuse complaints.
√ Office of the Inspector General assigned responsibility for evaluating the qualifications of all warden candidates and
completes evaluations of six candidates.
√ Special review of interpretive service procedures at the Board of Prison Terms completed and released.
√ Office of the Inspector General given responsibility for monitoring Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation inmate
death review process and quality of medical care.
√ Special review into the death of an inmate at Wasco State Prison completed and released.
√ Special review into the suicide of a ward at the N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility completed and released.
√ Special review of the former Commission on Correctional Peace Officer Standards and Training completed and released.
√ Forty-three investigations into alleged misconduct by correctional agencies and employees completed by year’s end.
√ By the end of the year, the office issues 233 recommendations to address deficiencies in state correctional programs and
institutions.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 3
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ABOUT THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
T
he Office of the Inspector General is administrative wrongdoing, and poor
responsible for independent oversight of management practices; monitors the
the California Department of department’s internal affairs investigations; and
Corrections and Rehabilitation, which includes reviews the qualifications of candidates for
the Division of Adult Operations, the Division warden positions.
of Adult Programs, the Division of Juvenile
Justice, the Corrections Standards Authority, Since 1998, when it was established in its
the Board of Parole Hearings, the State present form, the agency has identified millions
Commission on Juvenile Justice, and the Prison of dollars in wasteful and inefficient practices in
Industry Authority. To fulfill its mission, the state correctional institutions and programs and
Office of the Inspector General rigorously has issued hundreds of specific
conducts audits and investigations to uncover recommendations to eliminate deficiencies in
waste, fraud, abuse, criminal conduct, the correctional system. ■
DUTIES OF THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
♦ Conduct investigations, audits, and special reviews of the state correctional system upon the initiative
of the Inspector General and at the request of the Governor, members of the state Legislature, or the
Secretary of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.
♦ Perform real-time oversight of internal affairs investigations into alleged misconduct by employees of
the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.
♦ Conduct audits of state correctional institutions at least once every four years and each warden one
year after his or her appointment.
♦ Publicly report the results of audits, special reviews, and other oversight activity.
♦ Evaluate and report in confidence to the Governor on the qualifications of the Governor’s candidates
for state warden positions.
♦ Review the policies and procedures of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation for
conducting internal investigations and audits.
♦ Maintain a toll-free public telephone number to allow members of the public, families of wards and
inmates, and employees of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to report
administrative wrongdoing, poor management practices, and criminal conduct on the part of the
department and its employees.
♦ Investigate complaints of retaliation against those who report misconduct by the California
Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation and its employees.
♦ Refer matters involving criminal conduct to law enforcement authorities in the appropriate jurisdiction
or to the California Attorney General.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 4
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The Office of the Inspector General, headed by Inspector General Matthew L. Cate, is
comprised of a skilled team of professionals, including attorneys with expertise in public
employment law, internal affairs investigations, criminal law, and civil rights law; auditors
highly experienced in correctional policy and operations; seasoned investigators drawn from
correctional agencies and a variety of other law enforcement settings; a chief counsel; a
publications staff; and a capable administrative team. The office presently has 95.8 employee
positions, including a staff of attorneys classified as special assistant inspectors general, who
monitor internal affairs investigations, and a team of deputy inspectors general cross-trained
in audits and investigations.
In addition to legal and administrative staff, the office is organized into two principal
bureaus: the Bureau of Audits and Investigations, headed by Chief Assistant Inspector
General Samuel Cochran and the Bureau of Independent Review, headed by Chief Assistant
Inspector General David R. Shaw. Statutory authority for the establishment and operation of
the Office of the Inspector General is provided in California Penal Code sections 6125
through 6133. ■
INSPECTOR
GENERAL
MATTHEW CATE
CHIEF DEPUTY
INSPECTOR
GENERAL BRETT
MORGAN
BUREAU OF AUDITS BUREAU OF
AND INDEPENDENT ADMINISTRATION CHIEF COUNSEL PUBLICATIONS
INVESTIGATIONS REVIEW
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 5
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
BUREAU OF AUDITS AND INVESTIGATIONS
The Bureau of Audits and Investigations, under the direction of Chief
Assistant Inspector General Samuel Cochran, conducts management review
audits of the state’s adult prisons and youth correctional facilities; special
reviews and audits of correctional agencies and programs; and
investigations into alleged misconduct by correctional agencies and
employees. The bureau also evaluates the qualifications of all candidates for
warden positions and reports the results in confidence to the Governor.
The bureau is comprised of an audit division and an intake and investigations Chief Assistant
division. Inspector General
Samuel Cochran
CHIEF ASSISTANT INSPECTOR
GENERAL
SAMUEL COCHRAN
AUDITS DIVISION
INTAKE AND INVESTIGATIONS
DIVISION
Under a California Penal Code provision that took effect July 1, 2005, the bureau is responsible for
performing audits of every state correctional institution once every four years and each warden one year
after his or her appointment. Those requirements, which are being phased in, will be fully met by July 1,
2009. The audits evaluate the performance of the warden, identify areas of the institution’s operations
needing improvement, and examine compliance with laws, regulations, and policies. The bureau’s other
audits, special reviews, and investigations are conducted at the initiative of the Inspector General and at
the request of the Governor, legislative members, or the secretary of the California Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation. The findings of every audit and special review are summarized in a public
report, which is posted on the Office of the Inspector General’s website at http://www.oig.ca.gov.
Through its intake staff, the Bureau of Audits and Investigations also receives and processes
approximately 300 complaints a month concerning the state correctional system. Many of the complaints
are resolved through discussions with institution staff or through correspondence with correctional
administrators, while others result in investigations or special reviews. Those involving urgent health and
safety issues receive priority attention. While the bureau’s investigators handle many of the complaints,
most cases involving allegations of serious administrative misconduct, criminal conduct, retaliation,
fraud, and other wrongdoing by lower-level management and employees are referred to the Department
of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of Internal Affairs, where the cases are monitored by the
Office of the Inspector General’s Bureau of Independent Review. Allegations of retaliation and other
misconduct by higher-level department officials are investigated by the Office of the Inspector General’s
investigators. Most of the complaints received by the Office of the Inspector General arrive by mail or
through the 24-hour toll-free telephone line, while others are brought to the attention of the Office of
the Inspector General in the course of audits or other investigations. ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 6
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
BUREAU OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW
The mission of the Office of the Inspector General’s Bureau of
Independent Review is to safeguard the integrity of internal affairs
investigations into allegations of serious misconduct inside the state’s
prisons and youth correctional facilities. The bureau was established
effective January 1, 2005, with the support of the Governor as a central
component in a court-ordered remedial plan resulting from a federal civil
rights action against the former California Department of Corrections. That
action, Madrid v. Woodford, identified severe deficiencies in the department’s
employee disciplinary process — including a “code of silence” among Chief Assistant
Inspector General
correctional officers that undermined internal affairs investigations and failed
David R. Shaw
to address excessive use of force and other misconduct. As a means of
remedying the problems, the bureau was assigned to provide real-time, on-the-scene oversight of
investigations carried out by Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation internal affairs investigators
to ensure the investigations are thorough and sound and that the discipline imposed is appropriate.
Although bureau attorneys and investigators work cooperatively with Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation staff attorneys assigned to prosecute disciplinary cases, the bureau nonetheless retains the
autonomy and the legal authority necessary to independently monitor internal affairs investigations and
the employee disciplinary process.
Headed by Chief Assistant Inspector General David R. Shaw, the bureau is headquartered in Sacramento
and staffed with teams of attorneys and investigators at regional offices in Rancho Cordova, Bakersfield,
and Rancho Cucamonga.
CHIEF ASSISTANT INSPECTOR
GENERAL
DAVID R. SHAW
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
HEADQUARTERS NORTHERN REGION CENTRAL REGION SOUTHERN REGION (RANCHO
(SACRAMENTO) (RANCHO CORDOVA) (BAKERSFIELD) CUCAMONGA)
Consistent with California Penal Code section 6133, and to promote accountability by making the
internal affairs and employee disciplinary processes transparent to the public, the bureau issues semi-
annual reports summarizing the monitoring activities. The reports include a synopsis of each monitored
case, the bureau’s actions, an assessment of the department’s actions and the quality of the investigation
and the disciplinary process, and any additional notes and observations. A summary of the bureau’s
monitoring and policy development activities is also presented in the Office of the Inspector General’s
annual reports. Together, the annual and semi-annual reports provide a comprehensive assessment of the
department’s internal affairs investigation and employee discipline processes. The reports are posted on
the Office of the Inspector General’s website at http://www.oig.ca.gov/reports/review_rpts.asp.■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 7
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
THE YEAR IN REVIEW
2005
saw the Office of the warden candidates, and implemented systematic
Inspector General rapidly follow-up work to monitor implementation of
assuming new the Inspector General’s previous
responsibilities and putting to use the enhanced recommendations. The office also helped bring
tools and resources provided by the Legislature pressure for reforms in the correctional system
during the previous session. The new Bureau of by publicly reporting the results of its audit,
Independent Review was staffed and fully investigation, and monitoring activities.
operating by mid-year, while the Bureau of Following is a summary of the year’s most
Audits and Investigations conducted seven important events and activities.
audits and special reviews, began evaluating
LEGISLATIVE ACTIONS
Important legislative actions during the year included the following:
♦ Fixed term for the Inspector General. Senate Bill 1342 (Speier and Romero), effective
January 1, 2005, amended California Penal Code section 6125 to provide a fixed six-year
term for the Inspector General, subject to Senate confirmation. Under that provision, the
Inspector General may not be removed from office during that term except for good
cause. The new law helps provide the Inspector General with the vital independence
necessary for effective oversight of the state correctional system.
♦ Workload-based budget. Senate Bill 737 (Romero), effective May 10, 2005, amended
California Penal Code section 6126(d) to provide for development of a workload-based
budget to be used to annually adjust the Office of the Inspector General’s budget
beginning with the 2005-06 fiscal year. The measure further safeguards the Inspector
General’s independence by ensuring adequate funding.
♦ Public reporting requirements. Senate Bill 1352 (Romero and Speier), effective January
1, 2005, amended California Penal Code sections 6129(c)(2), 6131(a), and 6131(c) to
provide for the Office of the Inspector General to publicly report the results of audits and
investigations and to post the reports on its website. The bill repealed a previously existing
law that made publicly revealing the results of the Inspector General’s investigations a
misdemeanor.
♦ Establishment of the Bureau of Independent Review. Senate Bill 1400 (Romero and
Speier), effective January 1, 2005, added California Penal Code section 6133 to establish
the Bureau of Independent Review within the Office of the Inspector General for the
purpose of providing contemporaneous oversight of Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation internal affairs investigations. The bill also provides for the bureau to issue
regular reports concerning its oversight of investigations into alleged misconduct and use
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 8
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
of force to the Governor and the Legislature and to post the reports on the Inspector
General’s website.
♦ Evaluation of warden candidates. Senate Bill 737 (Romero), effective July 1, 2005,
amended California Penal Code section 6126(b) to provide for the Inspector General to
evaluate the qualifications of candidates for warden positions and to report the results in
confidence to the Governor.
♦ Mandated audits of wardens and institutions. Senate Bill 737 (Romero), effective July
1, 2005, also requires the Office of the Inspector General to audit every warden one year
after his or her appointment and every institution at least once every four years.
♦ Sexual abuse ombudsperson. Assembly Bill 550 (Goldberg), signed into law on
September 22, 2005, added California Penal Code section 2641, establishing the Office of
the Sexual Abuse in Detention Elimination Ombudsperson within the Office of the
Inspector General. The purpose of the ombudsperson is to investigate reports of
mishandling of incidents of sexual abuse in correctional facilities and ensure the impartial
resolution of inmate and ward sexual abuse complaints. The measure was scheduled to
take effect January 1, 2006.
ADMINISTRATION
Staffing and budget. The fiscal year 2004-05 Budget Act restored 53 employee positions and $8.3
million in funding to the Office of the Inspector General, with the Legislature reversing a 2003 effort
to abolish the office. The following fiscal year, the 2005-06 Budget Act increased funding to $15.4
million and a total of 95.8 employee positions. The funding increases resulted from a budget change
proposal for 23.8 additional positions and $3.6 million in General Fund monies, less miscellaneous
adjustments, to allow the Office of the Inspector General to continue independent oversight of the
correctional system through audits and investigations and for an additional 19 positions and $3 million
to fulfill the mandates of Senate Bill 737.
New facilities. To carry out its new mandates and to accommodate new staff hired as a result of
those mandates, the Office of the Inspector General expanded its Sacramento headquarters office and
opened three offices for the Bureau of Independent Review. The bureau’s regional offices have been
established in Rancho Cucamonga, Bakersfield, and Rancho Cordova, in close proximity to regional
offices of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of Internal Affairs. ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 9
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
BUREAU OF AUDITS AND INVESTIGATIONS
The Office of the Inspector General’s Bureau also began preparing to meet a new legislative
of Audits and Investigations carried out a mandate calling for the office to conduct an
vigorous program of audits, special reviews, audit of every correctional institution once
and investigations during 2005. The year every four years and one year after the
marked the beginning of the bureau’s appointment of a new warden. Altogether, the
heightened emphasis on increasing bureau completed seven audits and special
accountability for needed reforms by reviews in 2005 and issued a total of 233 new
systematically tracking the progress of the recommendations to address deficiencies in
state’s correctional entities in implementing the the state’s correctional system. During the
Inspector General’s past recommendations. year, the bureau also received and processed
Toward that end, along with other audits and 3,824 complaints about correctional entities
special reviews, the bureau launched a large- and employees and conducted 43
scale accountability audit in 2005 — a investigations into alleged misconduct. In
comprehensive follow-up review to assess the fulfillment of a new legislative mandate, the
progress of the former Youth and Adult bureau also began evaluating the qualifications
Correctional Agency and its subordinate of candidates for warden positions and by the
entities in implementing 661 recommendations end of the year had completed six such
from 33 previous audits conducted by the evaluations and provided the results to the
Office of the Inspector General. The bureau Governor.
AUDITS AND SPECIAL REVIEWS
Following are the results of the audits and special reviews conducted by the Bureau of Audits and
Investigations in 2005.
♦ Accountability Audit: The Board of Prison Terms, 2002-2003. In July 2005, the
Bureau of Audits and Investigations completed
AUDIT HIGHLIGHTS
an audit that assessed the progress made by the
Board of Prison Terms in implementing 26 √ The Board of Prison Terms had fully or
substantially implemented fewer than half the
recommendations from two reviews conducted
previous recommendations.
by the Office of the Inspector General in 2002
√ The board was doing a better job of tracking
and 2003. The audit determined that the board
parole revocation cases to help ensure that
had fully or substantially implemented fewer suspected parole violators received timely
than half—46 percent—of the previous hearings.
recommendations. The audit found that the
√ The board was still unable to collectively
board had made progress in tracking parole identify statutory deadlines by which it must
hold parole hearings for “lifer” inmates.
revocation cases to help ensure that suspected
parole violators receive timely hearings, resulting √ The board’s backlog of overdue parole
in fewer delays. The audit also found, however, consideration hearings had increased by more
than 200 cases since December 2001 to a
that the board continued to lack the
total of 1,607 as of March 31, 2005.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 10
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
technological capability needed to identify statutory deadlines for conducting parole
consideration hearings for inmates sentenced to indeterminate prison terms — so-called
“lifer” inmates. Although it can make that determination for individual inmates, the board
cannot collectively determine which inmates have deadlines approaching in order to
schedule hearings in priority order. The audit determined that as of March 31, 2005, the
board had amassed a backlog of 1,607 overdue parole consideration hearings –– an
increase of a more than 200 cases since December 2001. The audit also revealed that in
official reports the board had misrepresented the number of indeterminate sentence
hearings it had held from years 2002 through 2004 by including in the totals hearings that
had been scheduled but not actually held. During those years, the board actually held
nearly 4,000 fewer hearings than the 13,874 it reported holding. The Office of the
Inspector General issued 12 new recommendations to address the findings of the 2005
audit. The full text of the report can be viewed by clicking on the following link to the
Office of the Inspector General’s website: Accountability Audit: Review of Audits of the
Board of Prison Terms, 2002-2003 (July 2005). ■
♦ Accountability Audit: The California Youth Authority, 2000-2003. In January 2005,
the Bureau of Audits and Investigations
released the results of an audit assessing the AUDIT HIGHLIGHTS
progress of the California Youth Authority
√ The California Youth Authority had fully
in implementing recommendations from implemented only 43 percent of 241 previous
recommendations.
nine audits and special reviews conducted by
the Office of the Inspector General between √ Many of the remaining deficiencies were central to
2000 and 2003. The audit determined that the department’s mission of providing education
and treatment to wards.
the department had made significant
progress in some areas but that it failed to √ Nine percent of wards at five facilities were still
confined to cells 23 hours a day with little access
address numerous deficiencies central to its
to education, training, counseling, or other
core mission of providing education and services.
treatment to youths in custody. Overall, the
√ At one facility, an estimated 103 wards were on
department had fully implemented only 43
23-hour-a-day confinement solely because the
percent of the 241 previous institution lacked enough teachers to hold
education classes.
recommendations, even though it had as
long as four years to take action. Many of √ The department was not consistently providing
the problems identified earlier had either wards with mandated treatment services and was
not providing diagnostic assessments within
remained the same or had worsened, and
required time limits.
some of the remaining deficiencies required
√ The department was not providing wards with the
prompt action for safety and security
four hours a day of education mandated by state
reasons. The Office of the Inspector law.
General issued 93 new recommendations to
√ At one facility, wards had received only 40 percent
address the audit findings. The full text of
of required education time; at another, 30 percent.
the report can be viewed by clicking on the At still another, 30 percent of classes scheduled
were not held because no teacher was available to
following link to the Office of the Inspector
teach the class.
General’s website: Accountability Audit:
Review of Audits of the California Youth Authority, 2000-2003 (January 2005). ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 11
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
♦ Special Review into the Death of Correctional Officer Manuel A. Gonzalez, Jr. In
March 2005, the Bureau of Audits and
Investigations and the Bureau of Independent REVIEW HIGHLIGHTS
Review conducted a special review into the
√ The California Institution for Men assigned
circumstances surrounding the January 10, the alleged assailant to a general population
2005 stabbing death of Correctional Officer cell even though he was a maximum custody
inmate with a long history of in-prison
Manuel A. Gonzalez, Jr. at the California
violence.
Institution for Men. The review identified a
√ Correctional officers assigned to the alleged
number of issues that played a role in the
assailant’s living unit routinely violated
incident. In particular, the review determined standard security protocols and extra security
that although the inmate who attacked Officer restrictions imposed in response to other
violent incidents.
Gonzalez was a maximum custody inmate with
a long history of in-prison violence, the √ Immediately before the stabbing, Officer
Gonzalez released the inmate from his cell
institution had assigned him to a general
onto the tier and then entered the tier alone,
population cell. The review also determined all in violation of security protocols.
that correctional officers assigned to the
√ Inmates in the housing unit where the
inmate’s living unit, including Officer
stabbing occurred were able to easily obtain
Gonzalez, routinely violated standard security weapons materials because the unit was in
disrepair, and tool controls were lax.
protocols as well as extra security restrictions
imposed in response to violent incidents at the √ The institution had unduly delayed issuing
facility. The review found that the fatal protective vests to correctional officers and
had instead stored the vests in a warehouse
stabbing might have been prevented if the
until it received enough for all officers who
officers had adhered to the security were to receive them.
requirements. The review also found that the
housing unit where the stabbing occurred was in disrepair and that tool controls were lax,
allowing inmates to easily obtain and hide materials for making weapons. The review
revealed in addition that the institution had delayed issuing protective vests to correctional
officers, and had stored the vests in a warehouse until it received enough for all officers
slated to receive them. The Office of the Inspector General issued 37 recommendations as
a result of the review. The full text of the report can be viewed by clicking on the
following link to the Office of the Inspector General’s website: California Institution for
Men, Special Review into the Death of Correctional Officer Manuel A. Gonzalez, Jr. on
January 10, 2005 at the California Institution for Men (March 2005). ■
♦ Special Review: Interpretation Services Procedures, Board of Prison Terms. In
March 2005, the Bureau of Audits and
Investigations issued a special review of the
REVIEW HIGHLIGHTS
procedures used by the Board of Prison Terms
√ Lax controls at the Board of Prison
to secure the services of foreign language Terms allowed a foreign language
interpreter to be paid for 261 fraudulent
interpreters. The review was prompted by an
claims over a three-year period.
investigation by the Office of the Inspector
General of a foreign language interpreter who √ The board routinely paid invoices from
interpreters without checking to make
was found to have submitted 261 false claims for
sure services had been provided or
services provided at parole revocation hearings, invoices had already been paid.
amounting to almost $12,000 over a three-year
√ The board did not specify terms of
period. As a result of the review, the bureau agreements in writing when it arranged
for interpretation services.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 12
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
identified several control deficiencies in the methods used by the Board of Prison Terms
to retain and pay for foreign language interpretation services. In particular, the review
determined that the board retained interpreters for parole hearings without fully specifying
in writing the terms of the services to be provided; paid for the services without verifying
that they had been rendered; and failed to ensure that invoices were not duplicates of
invoices that had already been paid before approving payment. The Office of the
Inspector General issued five recommendations as a result of the review. The full text of
the report can be viewed by clicking on the following link to the Office of the Inspector
General’s website: Board of Prison Terms, Special Review of Interpretation Services
Procedures (March 2005) ■
♦ Special Review: Commission on Correctional Peace Officer Standards and
Training. In May 2005, the Bureau of Audits
and Investigations issued a special review of the AUDIT HIGHLIGHTS
Commission on Correctional Peace Officer
√ In the seven years of its existence, the
Standards and Training to assess whether the commission had developed training
standards for only seven of the 27
commission was fulfilling its mission of
correctional peace officer classifications for
enhancing the training and professionalism of which it was responsible.
state correctional peace officers by developing
√ All of the standards developed had yet to be
and monitoring training and selection standards.
approved.
The review determined that since its inception in
√ The correctional peace officer apprenticeship
1998 the commission had made only minimal
program, for which the commission was
progress in developing correctional peace officer responsible, was in danger of decertification
training standards, having completed standards for non-compliance with state and federal
standards.
for only seven of the 27 correctional peace
officer classifications for which it was √ The work of the commission had been
responsible. Moreover, the review determined hampered by budget cutbacks, lack of
funding, and lack of personnel in the
that the commission had approved none of the
department to develop training standards.
standards it had developed. The review also
√ The commission’s organizational structure
determined that the correctional peace officer
caused persistent voting deadlocks between
apprenticeship program, for which the management and labor.
commission was responsible, lacked key
√ The commission had not met for nearly a
components and was threatened with
year because it lacked a quorum.
decertification for non-compliance with state and
federal standards. The Office of the Inspector General determined that the work of the
commission had been hampered by budget cutbacks, lack of funding, and lack of
personnel within the state’s correctional departments for the development of training
standards. A persistent stalemate on the executive board between management and labor
representatives was a further impediment, and the commission had not met for nearly a
year because it lacked a quorum. Under the Governor’s reorganization plan, which was
approved by the Legislature effective July 1, 2005, the commission was abolished, and its
responsibilities were transferred to the new Corrections Standards Authority and to the
Office of Training and Professional Development under the Department of Corrections
and Rehabilitation. As a result of the review, the Office of the Inspector General issued 14
recommendations to the commission and its successor entities. The full text of the report
can be viewed by clicking on the following link to the Office of the Inspector General’s
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 13
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
website: Commission on Correctional Peace Officer Standards and Training, Special
Review (May 2005). ■
♦ Management Review Audit: N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility. In May
2005, the Bureau of Audits and Investigations issued a
management review audit of the N. A. Chaderjian AUDIT HIGHLIGHTS
Youth Correctional Facility to establish a baseline
√ The institution was failing in its
assessment of the facility’s performance in carrying out
mission of providing education,
essential functions and to provide recommendations treatment, and counseling services.
to correct any deficiencies. The audit found that the
√ Wards were receiving only 40 percent
institution was failing in its fundamental mission of of assigned educational programming.
providing wards with education, treatment, and
√ Special education wards—38 percent
counseling services and that the facility was not a safe
of the students at the high school —
environment for either staff or wards. The audit were not receiving mandated service
time.
revealed that wards were not receiving the counseling
and mental health care required under state law, in part √ Youth correctional counselors were
because youth correctional counselors, who were too busy with custody and security
duties to provide mandated
designated to provide most of the counseling, had
counseling to wards.
received almost no counseling training and were too
√ The institution was not adequately
busy with custody and security duties to counsel
monitoring wards on psychotropic
wards. Education services were similarly lacking. medications and was not fully
Wards at the facility were receiving only 40 percent of complying with suicide prevention
procedures.
assigned educational programming, and more than a
third of scheduled academic classes were being √ The facility was plagued with
dangerous structural and design
cancelled, mainly because teachers did not appear for
defects and was out of compliance
class. Special education wards — 38 percent of the with security requirements.
students at the facility’s high school — were not
receiving all of the special education service time they were mandated to receive. The
institution was also endangering wards by failing to adequately monitor those receiving
psychotropic medications and was not fully complying with mandated suicide prevention
procedures. The institution was not complying with numerous security requirements and
was plagued with dangerous structural and design defects. The Office of the Inspector
General issued 56 specific recommendations to address the deficiencies. The full text of
the report can be viewed by clicking on the following link to the Office of the Inspector
General’s website: N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility, Management Review
Audit (May 2005). ■
♦ Special Review: Ward Death at the N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility.
In December 2005, the Bureau of Audits and Investigations completed a special review
into the circumstances surrounding the August 31, 2005 suicide death of a ward by
hanging at the N. A. Chaderjian Youth Correctional Facility in Stockton. The review
determined that at the time of his death, the ward had been locked in his room alone for
eight weeks for nearly 24 hours a day because members of his gang had attacked three
staff members. Although the ward was not involved in the attack, he was included in the
lockdown because he refused to renounce his gang loyalties. The review determined that
the ward had received virtually no mental health counseling, education, exercise, family
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 14
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
visits, or other services during the lockdown. The
REVIEW HIGHLIGHTS
review also found that although the facility’s lockdown
was initially justified, the eight weeks of isolation and √ At the time of the suicide, the ward had
been locked alone in his room for 24
denial of mental health and other services were
hours a day for eight weeks and had
inconsistent with the mission of the Division of
received no counseling, education,
Juvenile Justice and may have contributed to the exercise, or family visits during that
period.
ward’s suicide. The review found in addition that the
Division of Juvenile Justice had failed to assess or act √ The ward asked four times to see a
mental health professional but did not
on the ward’s mental health needs and had missed
receive such services.
several signals, including four requests by the ward to
see a mental health professional, that should have led √ The department failed to assess or act
on the ward’s need for mental health
it to provide him with mental health services. The
services despite clear signals that it
review also determined that when the ward covered his should have done so.
windows and failed to respond, the staff did not follow
√ The extended isolation and denial of
required response procedures and waited 38 minutes mental health and other services were
before opening his door. The Office of the Inspector inconsistent with the mission of the
Division of Juvenile Justice.
General issued 16 recommendations as a result of the
review. The full text of the report can be viewed by √ When the ward covered his windows
and became unresponsive just before
clicking on the following link to the Office of the
the suicide, the staff failed to follow
Inspector General’s website: N. A. Chaderjian Youth
required response procedures and
Correctional Facility, Special Review into the Death of waited 38 minutes before opening his
a Ward on August 31, 2005 (December 2005).■
COMPLAINT STATISTICS
During calendar year 2005, the Office of the Inspector General received 3,824 complaints about
correctional agencies and employees by mail and through the toll-free telephone line. Of that number,
2,951 came from inmates, 202 came from current or former correctional employees, and 671 came
from other parties. The complaints included more than 4,800 allegations, with the most common
allegations concerning staff misconduct; the inmate appeals/ward grievance process; and quality of or
lack of access to medical care. In response to the complaints, the Office of the Inspector General
reviews the information provided and takes one of the following actions:
♦ Closes the matter because of insufficient evidence to support further action.
♦ Refers the complainant to the appropriate entity in the Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation for response.
♦ Refers the complaint to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of
Internal Affairs for an investigation.
♦ Investigates the allegations.
♦ Refers cases of criminal misconduct to the appropriate law enforcement authorities.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 15
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
INVESTIGATIONS COMPLETED
In calendar year 2005, the Office of the Inspector General investigated 43 cases of alleged retaliation,
criminal conduct, administrative wrongdoing, poor management practices, waste, fraud, and other
abuses. Of the cases investigated, one was referred to the local district attorney’s office for
prosecution; four resulted in adverse action; four were referred to the Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation’s Office of Internal Affairs for further investigation; six were referred to the
department to revise or develop policies to resolve specific issues; and the remaining 28 cases were
closed without further action. As required by California Penal Code sections 6129(c)(2) and 6131(c),
the cases were summarized in the bureau’s 2005 quarterly reports and are posted on the Office of the
Inspector General’s website.
WARDEN EVALUATIONS
Consistent with the provisions of Senate Bill 737, which became effective July 1, 2005, the Office of
the Inspector General evaluated the qualifications of six candidates for warden positions during 2005
and reported the results in confidence to the Governor. Senate Bill 737 assigns the Inspector General
responsibility for evaluating the qualifications of every candidate nominated by the Governor for
appointment as a state prison warden and for advising the Governor within 90 days whether the
candidate is “exceptionally well-qualified,” “well-qualified,” “qualified,” or “not qualified” for the
position. In making the evaluation, California Penal Code section 6126.6 requires the Inspector
General to consider, among other factors, the candidate’s experience in effectively managing
correctional facilities and inmate populations; knowledge of correctional best practices; and the ability
to deal with employees, the public, inmates, and other interested parties in a fair, effective, and
professional manner. Under California Penal Code section 6126.6(e), all communications pertaining to
the Inspector General’s evaluation of warden candidates are confidential and absolutely privileged
from disclosure. ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 16
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
BUREAU OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW
Officially established on January 1, 2005 under reforms of those procedures were well
a bill signed into law the previous September, underway. In addition to its internal affairs
the Office of the Inspector General’s Bureau oversight, the Bureau of Independent Review
of Independent Review underwent rapid served a leading role in the newly revived
development during the first half of the year. California District Attorneys Association’s
From January through June, the bureau “Prison Crimes Committee,” which addresses
established its headquarters and regional issues related to crimes committed in state
offices, recruited and hired staff, and carried prisons and juvenile facilities. During the
out intensive training for new personnel. By course of the year, the bureau also conducted a
July 1, it had begun full oversight of the special review into the shooting death of an
Department of Corrections and inmate at Wasco State Prison and, with the
Rehabilitation’s internal affairs and employee Bureau of Audits and Investigations,
disciplinary processes. As part of its oversight participated in a special review into the
activities, the bureau actively participated in the circumstances surrounding the death of a
development of departmental policies correctional officer at the California Institution
governing internal affairs and employee for Men. At the request of the federal court in
disciplinary procedures and conducted the Plata v. Schwarzenegger lawsuit against the
statewide training for the department’s Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation,
employee discipline and internal affairs the bureau also evaluated the department’s
employees. By year’s end, with the cooperation inmate death review process, which examines
of department administrators, wardens, staff the quality of medical care provided. The
attorneys, and internal affairs investigators, the bureau’s review led to a re-evaluation of the
bureau had become well-integrated into the inmate death review process and identified
internal affairs investigation and employee several cases needing further investigation. The
disciplinary procedures, and court-ordered bureau is monitoring those cases.■
FACILITIES
As a critical component in the bureau’s oversight role, bureau regional offices are located near each
of the regional internal affairs offices of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation in
Rancho Cucamonga, Bakersfield, and Rancho Cordova. The close proximity allows the Bureau of
Independent Review ready access to the people, files, and evidence needed to monitor Office of
Internal Affairs investigations. In the southern region, the Bureau of Independent Review is located
in a building immediately adjacent to the Office of Internal Affairs in Rancho Cucamonga. In the
central region, the bureau’s office is situated in the same building in Bakersfield occupied by the
Office of Internal Affairs. In the northern region, both the bureau’s headquarters and regional office
are located in the same building in Rancho Cordova as the Office of Internal Affairs. In a move that
will enhance opportunities for the bureau to interact with Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation staff, the department has announced plans to relocate the legal staff of the
Employment Law Unit into the same building. ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 17
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
RECRUITMENT AND HIRING
The bureau’s headquarters and three regional offices in Rancho Cordova, Bakersfield, and Rancho
Cucamonga were staffed by mid-January 2005 with 12 attorneys selected through a rigorous
recruitment process for their expertise in criminal, civil rights, and public employment law. Classified
as senior assistant inspectors general and special assistant inspectors general, the attorneys have
significant experience working with law enforcement, labor organizations, and prosecutorial officials
throughout the state. The bureau also recruited and hired deputy inspectors general with experience
in correctional investigations and audits to work with the attorneys in oversight of internal affairs
investigations.■
TRAINING
During the first six months of the bureau’s operation, special assistant inspectors general and senior
assistant inspectors general underwent intensive training on the protocols of the bureau and received
a detailed introduction to all aspects of California’s penal system from experts on the California
Department of Corrections and the California Youth Authority (now consolidated as the California
Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation), with an emphasis on internal affairs investigations.
The training included a briefing from the U. S. District Court special master in Madrid v. Woodford on
the history and role of the special master in relation to the state’s correctional departments.
Representatives from the Los Angeles Office of Independent Review addressed the mission of
independent review. Mechanical issues, such as developing protocols, “cradle-to-grave” monitoring,
case reporting, and promotion of reform were also covered. The bureau staff was also introduced to
the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s “vertical advocates”— department employment
law attorneys assigned to prosecute each disciplinary case from start to finish — and received a
briefing on the vertical advocate function. Critical legal issues pertaining to internal affairs
investigations and the disciplinary process were also covered, including how statutes of limitations
are tolled, compelling subjects to give statements, and the Public Safety Officers Procedural Bill of
Rights Act. In addition to the vertical advocate role, the bureau staff was informed of the role of
employee relations officers and litigation coordinators at the institutions. Finally, an overview of the
newly created central intake process, used to evaluate and assign internal affairs investigations, was
discussed.
Later, more in-depth training included gang investigations, critical incident management, parole
searches, search warrants, parolee-at-large investigations, and officer-involved shootings. The bureau
staff also attended a seminar hosted by the California District Attorneys’ Association that included
crime scene preservation, evidence collection and documentation, electronic surveillance in
correctional settings, administrative searches, Miranda rights and interrogation in prison, and the
Public Safety Officers Procedural Bill of Rights Act. The seminar also provided an opportunity for
the Bureau of Independent Review staff to be introduced to many of the deputy district attorneys
who prosecute prison crimes.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 18
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
A presentation was also made to the bureau staff on the Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation’s use-of-force policy, the inmate complaint process, access to inmate records,
responsibilities of employee relations officers and litigation coordinators, legal admonishments
during employee interviews, and the civil service disciplinary process through the State Personnel
Board. In addition, the Bureau of Independent Review was given an overview of the training
curriculum for correctional staff and for special agents of the Office of Internal Affairs.■
INTERNAL AFFAIRS MONITORING
As soon as professional staff was in place in the three regional offices in January 2005, the bureau
began initial oversight activities, responding to critical incidents—prison events involving significant
use of force or resulting in injuries or death—and monitoring the most serious investigations
underway by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of Internal Affairs. Between
January and June 2005, the bureau responded to 11 critical incidents and selected 28 cases for
monitoring to familiarize bureau attorneys with the department’s investigative and employee
disciplinary procedures and to test the bureau’s protocols. On July 1, 2005, full-time oversight
activities began, with the bureau responding to 20 additional critical incidents and opening 341 cases
for monitoring by the end of the year. The following table delineates by month the number of cases
opened for monitoring by the bureau in 2005 after full-time monitoring began on July 1, 2005.
CASES OPENED FOR MONITORING
MONTH OPENED FOR MONITORING
July 56
August 83
September 45
October 42
November 66
December 49
TOTAL 341
Of the 341 investigations monitored during that six-month
INVESTIGATIONS
period, 74 were criminal cases, 210 were administrative cases,
and 57 were cases classified as “other”— those involving less Administrative (61%)
serious allegations and requiring no further investigative
Criminal (22%)
actions. During the same six-month period, the Department
of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of Internal Affairs Other (17%)
opened 449 criminal and administrative internal affairs
investigations, meaning that the bureau monitored 63 percent 57
of the criminal and administrative cases opened by the Office
74
of Internal Affairs during the last six months of 2005. 210
Most internal affairs cases involve allegations of administrative
misconduct, ranging from misuse of state resources to
dishonesty during a criminal investigation. If sustained, these
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 19
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
allegations may result in corrective or disciplinary action, including termination, depending on the
severity of the misconduct. In some instances, the allegations may serve as the basis for a criminal
case. In those situations, the administrative investigation proceeds independently of the criminal case
and usually begins when the criminal case ends. During the latter half of 2005, 61 percent of internal
affairs cases monitored by the bureau were administrative cases. Criminal cases are the most serious
investigations and comprise the second-largest group of cases. During this period, 22 percent of the
341 cases monitored by the bureau were criminal cases. The remaining 17 percent of cases
monitored consisted of other types of actions involving less serious allegations.
The cases monitored typically involve multiple allegations. The 341 cases monitored involved 708
allegations, averaging about two allegations per investigation.
Eighty-three percent of the cases monitored by the bureau involved peace officers. Owing to the
inherent nature of the correctional environment, misuse of force is one of the most common
allegations investigated by the department and monitored by
the bureau. Because the case management system used by
SUBJECTS
the Office of Internal Affairs defines each case by incident,
with some incidents involving more than one subject, Peace Officers (83%)
bureau-monitored cases may likewise reflect more than one
subject. Illustrative of this, the number of employees Non-Peace Officers (17%)
investigated in the 341 cases monitored by the bureau
totaled 488.■
85
403
POLICY AND LEGAL REFORMS
In addition to its monitoring activities during 2005, the
Bureau of Independent Review actively participated in policy
and legal reforms affecting the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s internal affairs and
employee disciplinary processes.
Key among the reforms were the following.
♦ Central Intake Panel. Through the efforts of a strategic planning team made up of the
major stakeholders in the department’s disciplinary process, including the Bureau of
Independent Review, a Central Intake Panel was established in May 2005 to review
requests for internal affairs investigations from hiring authorities. The Central Intake
Panel assesses each investigation request, determines whether an investigation should be
conducted, and if so, assigns the case to the appropriate investigative unit. The Central
Intake Panel is comprised primarily of special agents from the Office of Internal Affairs,
with attorneys from the Bureau of Independent Review and employment law attorneys
from the department’s Employment Advocacy and Prosecution Team —vertical
advocates — regularly participating in panel meetings. Experts from the Division of
Correctional Health Care Services also occasionally participate to provide specialized
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 20
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
knowledge; other key department personnel, such as hiring authorities, other senior
management staff members, employment relations officers, and institution investigators,
are also encouraged to attend. The centralized, multi-disciplinary approach ensures that
all requests for investigation and employee discipline submitted by hiring authorities to
the Office of Internal Affairs are thoroughly reviewed by both the department and the
bureau. The timely notice to the bureau and the Employment Advocacy and Prosecution
Team afforded by the central intake process also serves to substantially increase the
likelihood of a just outcome.
♦ Department Operations Manual. The bureau has played a significant role in reviewing
and updating the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Operations Manual.
Bureau staff and the chief counsel for the Office of the Inspector General reviewed the
department’s proposed revisions to Article 22, which governs the employee disciplinary
process, for legal compliance, clarity, and appropriate bureau input and oversight. The
bureau also has continued to assess policies governing internal affairs investigations,
whistleblower retaliation, administrative immunity, subpoenaed witness notification, and
incompatible activities. Major stakeholders have been given the opportunity to review
and suggest changes to each proposal to ensure that policies are consistent and fair. In
addition, the bureau has played an important role in an in-depth review and update of
Article 14 of the manual, which covers internal affairs investigations, working closely
with the Office of Internal Affairs and the Office of the Inspector General’s chief
counsel in that effort. ■
ASSESSMENT OF MADRID REFORMS
By the end of 2005, the reforms prescribed in the U. S. District Court-ordered Madrid v. Woodford
remedial plan, and the bureau’s role in those reforms, were substantially underway. The management
of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation has readily accepted oversight of the internal
affairs and employee disciplinary processes by the bureau and has integrated the bureau’s activities
into those processes. The management of the Office of Internal Affairs likewise has worked
cooperatively with the bureau, and the professional relationship between that office and the bureau
continues to mature at both headquarters and at the regional level. The executive manager of the
department’s Employment Advocacy and Prosecution Team also has provided the bureau with
excellent support. Meanwhile, hiring authorities — prison wardens and youth correctional facility
superintendents—have begun to routinely incorporate the bureau into employee disciplinary and
investigation activities by contacting the bureau when significant incidents occur and including
bureau staff in post-investigation disciplinary proceedings.
Although progress is being made daily, areas needing improvement include the following:
♦ The Employment Advocacy and Prosecution Team needs additional attorneys to
effectively handle the high volume of disciplinary cases.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 21
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
♦ Internal affairs investigators do not consistently use the interrogation techniques
necessary to obtain complete and truthful responses.■
SPECIAL REVIEW: SHOOTING OF AN INMATE AT WASCO STATE PRISON
In June 2005, the Bureau of Independent Review conducted a special review into the circumstances
surrounding the death of inmate Daniel Provencio on January 16, 2005 at Wasco State Prison. The
purpose of that review was to ensure that previous investigations by the Department of Corrections
and Rehabilitation into the incident had been thorough, timely, and objective and to identify any
systemic deficiencies or other factors that may have contributed to the inmate’s death. Provencio
was struck in the head by a direct-impact sponge projectile fired by a correctional officer from a 40-
mm launcher after a fight erupted among inmates during an evening meal. Provencio lapsed into a
coma and died on March 4, 2005. The Office of Internal Affairs of the Department of Corrections
and Rehabilitation conducted a criminal investigation into the incident and found no criminal
misconduct on the part of department employees. The department’s Law Enforcement and
Investigations Unit conducted a use-of-force investigation into the incident and concluded that the
actions of the correctional officer who fired the direct-impact round were consistent with
department policy. The comprehensive findings of the unit were presented to an independent
Deadly Force Review Board, which determined that the officer’s shooting of Provencio was
reasonable under the circumstances and complied with department policy governing the use of less-
than-lethal direct-impact weapons. As a result of its own review, the Bureau of Independent Review
found that while the conclusions reached by the department’s investigative entities were supported
by the weight of the evidence, deficiencies within the institution and the department may have
contributed to the inmate’s death. The key findings and recommendations resulting from the
bureau’s special review are presented below. The department developed a corrective action plan to
address the bureau’s recommendations. The full text of the bureau’s special review can be viewed by
clicking on the following link to the Office of the Inspector General’s website: Special Review into
the Shooting of Inmate Daniel Provencio on January 16, 2005, at Wasco State Prison (June 2005). ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 22
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
KEY REVIEW FINDINGS
√ Investigations by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation into the incident were thorough, objective, and timely, and
conclusions were supported by the evidence.
√ The actions of the officer who fired at the inmate were consistent with department policy.
√ Features of the 40-mm launcher used in the incident tend to cause projectiles to rise above the point of aim, which may have resulted
in the projectile hitting the inmate in the head instead of in the legs where the officer said he was aiming.
√ The officer involved in the incident appeared to have had inadequate training on the 40-mm launcher.
√ The institution lacked a consistent policy covering qualification with the 40-mm launcher, and due to the high cost of rounds for the
weapon, may not have allowed officers to fire live rounds in training.
√ The institution staff appears to have not conducted regular and thorough security checks of the housing unit that should have
revealed that the inmates involved in the incident, including the victim, were manufacturing and consuming alcohol.
√ Emergency notification procedures for use-of-force incidents at the institution appeared to be deficient.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The Bureau of Independent Review recommended that the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation take the following actions:
√ Develop a comprehensive training component on the use of direct-impact weapons from an elevated position.
√ Develop a comprehensive training component on how to effectively and safely employ the 40-mm launcher against a moving target.
In the absence of such training, the department should discontinue use of the weapon.
√ Ensure that every officer armed with a department-issued weapon is regularly qualified with that weapon, including firing live rounds
or using a realistic simulator.
√ Reassess the scope of work of each of the department’s investigative entities to avoid unnecessary duplication and to ensure that
administrative investigations are conducted into use-of-force incidents involving the death or serious injury of an inmate to identify
potential staff misconduct.
The Bureau of Independent Review also recommended that Wasco State Prison do the following:
√ Develop clear written requirements governing security checks of housing units during shift changes, maintenance of housing unit
logbooks, and timely cell searches following any significant incident at the institution.
√ Revise the prison’s emergency notification procedures to clarify responsibility for ordering employees to remain at their posts
following significant incidents at the institution.
√ Institute policies and procedures and training to ensure that evidence related to incidents resulting in injury to staff or inmates is
preserved, pending instructions from investigating officials.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 23
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
In addition to performing its primary functions, the Office of the Inspector General has been
monitoring policy issues affecting the operations of the California Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation. In 2005, those efforts included addressing issues affecting the department’s health
care delivery system and its management, supervision, and treatment of sex offenders. Each of these
efforts is described below:
♦ Medical Emergency Response Capabilities Focus Improvement Team. After the
Office of the Inspector General published a special review into the death of Correctional
Officer Manuel A. Gonzalez, Jr. on January 10, 2005 at the California Institution for
Men, the department adopted a corrective action plan that included appointing a Medical
Emergency Response Capabilities Focus Improvement Team. The team was initiated in
the fall of 2005, and the Office of the Inspector General has monitored its work from its
inception.
The Office of the Inspector General’s oversight has included attending the team’s
meetings; reviewing medical charts, incident reports, and survey data; assessing medical
research; visiting statewide custody facilities to evaluate emergency medical response
capabilities; consulting with individuals involved in emergency medical services and
related legal issues; performing legal research; and issuing periodic reports.
♦ Sex Offender Task Force. In late 2005, California received a grant from the U.S.
Department of Justice’s Center for Sex Offender Management to develop a statewide,
comprehensive sex offender strategic plan and policy that will provide a blueprint for the
management, supervision, and treatment of the state’s sex offender population. This new
model will include nationwide best practices, standards, and trends in the treatment,
supervision, and management of sex offenders. A collaborative team (task force)
consisting of representatives from the courts, the probation and corrections systems, law
enforcement, the mental health community, victims organizations, and other entities is
involved in the development of this strategic plan.
The Office of the Inspector General attends the task force’s meetings. ■
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 24
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
A LOOK AHEAD: PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
In the coming months, the Office of the Inspector General will continue to expand and deepen its
oversight of California’s correctional system. The office will not only continue to increase the
number of audits performed each year but will also begin a regular schedule of unannounced
inspections of every state correctional institution and will focus increased resources on the
investigation of fraud inside the correctional system. Follow-up audits will continue to be conducted
to assess the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s progress in implementing the
Inspector General’s past recommendations. The Inspector General will also take on a critical new
role in the selection of superintendents of the state’s juvenile correctional facilities and will audit
every superintendent one year after his or her appointment.
♦ Audits of juvenile institutions. In addition to auditing every adult correctional
institution one year after the appointment of a new warden and every correctional
institution once every four years, the office will also audit every superintendent one year
after his or her appointment. Subsequent follow-up audits — accountability audits —
will evaluate the progress of the institution and the Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation in addressing deficiencies identified previously in the one-year and four-
year audits.
♦ Unannounced inspections. To augment visits to correctional institutions by the
Inspector General’s staff in the course of audits and investigations and during
evaluations of warden and superintendent candidates, deputy inspectors general will
conduct unannounced inspections at every state correctional institution approximately
twice per year. The purpose of the inspections will be to inquire into systemic issues and
complaints that have been reported through the Inspector General’s intake unit,
establish new contacts at the institutions, and identify problem areas that may lead to
formal audits and investigations.
♦ Fraud investigations. To uncover fraud in the correctional system, save taxpayer
dollars, and hold wrongdoers accountable, the Inspector General will conduct complex,
large-scale investigations in such areas as contracts and procurements, kickbacks, bribes,
unjustified sole-source awards, and product diversion and substitutions. Investigations
will be targeted to areas with potentially significant systemic problems, solutions, and
dollar savings.
♦ Vetting of superintendent candidates. In addition to evaluating every candidate for a
prison warden position, the Inspector General will now begin evaluating every candidate
for a superintendent position at one of the state’s juvenile correctional facilities. The
results of the evaluations will be reported in confidence to the Governor.
♦ Critical incident roll-outs. In the future, when critical incidents occur at a correctional
institution, deputy inspectors general from either the Bureau of Independent Review or
the Bureau of Audits and Investigations will immediately respond to the institution on a
call-out basis. Under protocols approved by the federal court, attorneys from the
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 25
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA
Inspector General’s Bureau of Independent Review have been responding to critical
incidents since January 2005 — such as officer-involved shootings, suspicious inmate
deaths, or the death of a correctional staff member —to assess the scene and monitor
any internal affairs investigations. Now the Bureau of Audits and Investigations will roll
out to incidents such as large-scale riots and escapes to assess whether systemic issues
led to the incident, determine whether an audit is warranted, and determine whether the
incident warrants an investigation of the warden or other members of the senior
management staff.
2005 ANNUAL REPORT PAGE 26
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL STATE OF CALIFORNIA