Ripa Board Annual Report 2025, Appendix

Appendix A- Report Body Descriptive Tables, Stop Data Section Table A1. Stops by Identity Group and Reason for Stop1 2 Reasonable Identity Group Subgroup Traffic Violation Other Reasons Total Suspicion 1 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 250,159 (92.57%) 16,723 (6.19%) 3,347 (1.24%) 270,229 (100.00%) Black 439,553 (76.67%) 112,194 (19.57% ) 21,546 (3.76%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1,713,934 (84.29% ) 252,361 (12.41%) 67,187 (3.30%) 2,033,482 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 224,453 (94.50%) 11,136 (4.69%) 1,922 (0.81%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 47,480 (82.65%) 8,030 (13.98%) 1,934 (3.37%) 57,444 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 9,722 (73.32%) 2,500 (18.86%) 1,037 (7.82%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 23,056 (85.08%) 3,190 (11.77%) 854 (3.15%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 1,243,285 (82.40% ) 208,298 (13.81% ) 57,233 (3.79% ) 1,508,816 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 1,163,807 (86.57%) 147,555 (10.98%) 33,003 (2.45%) 1,344,365 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 2,774,663 (82.62%) 462,365 (13.77%) 121,157 (3.61%) 3,358,185 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 8,277 (83.89%) 1,256 (12.73%) 334 (3.39%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 3,331 (58.81%) 1,986 (35.06%) 347 (6.13%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 1,562 (51.21%) 1,269 (41.61%) 219 (7.18%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 2,882 (79.99%) 490 (13.60%) 231 (6.41%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 1,905 (60.19%) 890 (28.12%) 370 (11.69%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 2,285 (21.46%) 6,570 (61.71% ) 1,792 (16.83% ) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 42,939 (61.37%) 22,009 (31.46%) 5,020 (7.17%) 69,968 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 651,607 (88.49%) 71,363 (9.69%) 13,419 (1.82%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 1,228,619 (83.40% ) 195,208 (13.25% ) 49,388 (3.35%) 1,473,215 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 923,578 (81.41%) 164,716 (14.52%) 46,203 (4.07%) 1,134,497 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 600,247 (83.67%) 92,676 (12.92%) 24,495 (3.41%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 334,174 (85.72%) 44,928 (11.52%) 10,764 (2.76%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 163,406 (89.60%) 15,582 (8.54%) 3,378 (1.85%) 182,366 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 25,400 (70.20%) 8,824 (24.39%) 1,957 (5.41%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 3,926,242 (83.81% ) 605,608 (12.93% ) 153,103 (3.27% ) 4,684,953 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 3,727,213 (83.70%) 577,731 (12.97%) 148,065 (3.33%) 4,453,009 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 224,429 (83.70%) 36,701 (13.69%) 6,995 (2.61%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 10,483 (20.95%) 31,844 (63.64%) 7,713 (15.41%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 3,941,159 (84.37% ) 582,588 (12.47%) 147,347 (3.15%) 4,671,094 (100.00% ) 1 There are 3 cases in the data where gender is NA, therefore these cases are excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where gender is presented. 2 There is 1 case in the data where reason for stop is NA, therefore this case is excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where reason for stop is presented. Reasonable Identity Group Subgroup Traffic Violation Other Reasons Total Suspicion Overall 3,951,642 (83.70%) 614,432 (13.01 %) 155,060 (3.28%) 4,721,134 (100.00%) 2 Table A2. Stops by Identity Group and Traffic Violation Type Equipment Non-moving Identity Group Subgroup Moving Violation Total Violation Violation 3 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 32,293 (12.91%) 188,553 (75.37%) 29,313 (11.72%) 250,159 (100.00%) Black 93,490 (21.27%) 272,867 (62.08%) 73,195 (16.65%) 439,552 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 383,129 (22.35%) 1,091,160 (63.66% ) 239,636 (13.98%) 1,713,925 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 30,593 (13.63%) 167,821 (74.77%) 26,038 (11.60%) 224,452 (100.00%) Multiracial 9,855 (20.76%) 31,612 (66.58%) 6,012 (12.66%) 47,479 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 2,385 (24.53%) 5,867 (60.35%) 1,470 (15.12%) 9,722 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 4,357 (18.90%) 14,977 (64.96%) 3,722 (16.14%) 23,056 (100.00%) White 212,636 (17.10% ) 841,317 (67.67%) 189,326 (15.23% ) 1,243,279 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 188,508 (16.20%) 806,298 (69.28%) 168,995 (14.52%) 1,163,801 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 577,186 (20.80%) 1,799,546 (64.86% ) 397,919 (14.34%) 2,774,651 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 1,649 (19.92%) 5,621 (67.91%) 1,007 (12.17%) 8,277 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 960 (28.82%) 1,841 (55.27%) 530 (15.91%) 3,331 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 435 (27.85%) 866 (55.44%) 261 (16.71%) 1,562 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 878 (30.48%) 1,676 (58.17%) 327 (11.35%) 2,881 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 647 (33.96%) 1,062 (55.75%) 196 (10.29%) 1,905 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 696 (30.46%) 1,312 (57.42%) 277 (12.12%) 2,285 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 8,719 (20.31% ) 30,462 (70.94%) 3,758 (8.75%) 42,939 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 127,538 (19.57% ) 451,687 (69.32%) 72,379 (11.11% ) 651,604 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 254,084 (20.68%) 792,172 (64.48%) 182,355 (14.84%) 1,228,611 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 183,830 (19.90%) 592,397 (64.14%) 147,348 (15.95%) 923,575 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 115,422 (19.23%) 392,863 (65.45%) 91,962 (15.32%) 600,247 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 56,409 (16.88%) 227,979 (68.22%) 49,783 (14.90%) 334,171 (100.00%) 65+ Years 20,515 (12.55%) 122,564 (75.01%) 20,327 (12.44%) 163,406 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 5,234 (20.61%) 16,645 (65.53%) 3,521 (13.86%) 25,400 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 763,504 (19.45% ) 2,597,529 (66.16% ) 565,191 (14.40% ) 3,926,224 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 717,684 (19.26%) 2,470,606 (66.29%) 538,910 (14.46%) 3,727,200 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 51,054 (22.75%) 143,568 (63.97%) 29,802 (13.28%) 224,424 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 2,378 (22.68%) 6,271 (59.82%) 1,834 (17.49%) 10,483 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 766,360 (19.45% ) 2,607,903 (66.17% ) 566,878 (14.38% ) 3,941,141 (100.00% ) Overall 768,738 (19.45%) 2,614,174 (66.15%) 568,712 (14.39%) 3,951,624 (100.00%) Table A3. Stops by Identity Group and Reason for Stop - Reasonable Suspicion Subcategories3 4 Carrying Actions Suspected of Actions Identity Matched Suspect Witness Drug Subgroup Officer Witness Suspicious Indicative of Acting as Indicative of Other Group Description Identification Transaction Object Casing Lookout Violent Crime 5 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 5,330 (31.88%) 4,586 (27.43%) 3,190 (19.08%) 193 (1.15%) 89 (0.53%) 208 (1.24%) 60 (0.36%) 209 (1.25%) 5,593 (33.45%) Black 42,837 (38.20%) 33,257 (29.65%) 23,305 (20.78%) 2,059 (1.84% ) 989 (0.88%) 1,012 (0.90% ) 476 (0.42%) 1,397 (1.25% ) 31,453 (28.05%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 86,601 (34.32%) 79,678 (31.58%) 41,367 (16.40%) 4,476 (1.77%) 2,291 (0.91% ) 3,139 (1.24%) 1,407 (0.56% ) 2,896 (1.15%) 74,300 (29.45%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3,930 (35.31%) 2,987 (26.84%) 2,316 (20.81%) 105 (0.94%) 67 (0.60%) 151 (1.36%) 44 (0.40%) 127 (1.14%) 3,515 (31.58%) Multiracial 3,246 (40.43%) 2,709 (33.74%) 1,435 (17.87%) 134 (1.67%) 55 (0.69%) 126 (1.57%) 56 (0.70%) 83 (1.03%) 2,260 (28.15%) Native Ame rican 865 (34.71%) 679 (27.25%) 367 (14.73%) 27 (1.08%) 17 (0.68%) 22 (0.88%) 7 (0.28%) 34 (1.36%) 957 (38.40%) Pacific Islander 1,058 (33.17% ) 886 (27.77%) 555 (17.40%) 36 (1.13%) 23 (0.72%) 50 (1.57%) 20 (0.63%) 38 (1.19%) 1,092 (34.23% ) White 70,212 (33.72%) 69,166 (33.22% ) 28,526 (13.70% ) 2,410 (1.16% ) 1,338 (0.64% ) 2,363 (1.13% ) 710 (0.34%) 1,718 (0.83% ) 64,376 (30.92%) redneG Cisgender Female 49,134 (33.31%) 43,569 (29.54%) 26,779 (18.16%) 1,179 (0.80%) 997 (0.68%) 1,156 (0.78%) 642 (0.44%) 1,451 (0.98%) 46,897 (31.80%) Cisgender Male 163,400 (35.35%) 149,149 (32.27%) 73,351 (15.87%) 8,182 (1.77%) 3,841 (0.83%) 5,885 (1.27%) 2,121 (0.46%) 4,991 (1.08%) 135,111 (29.23%) Gender Noncon forming 434 (34.61%) 286 (22.81%) 188 (14.99%) 32 (2.55%) 10 (0.80%) 15 (1.20%) 6 (0.48%) 28 (2.23%) 504 (40.19%) Transgender Man/Boy 654 (32.93%) 595 (29.96%) 447 (22.51%) 36 (1.81%) 11 (0.55%) 11 (0.55%) 8 (0.40%) 22 (1.11%) 644 (32.43%) Transgender Woman/G irl 456 (35.93%) 348 (27.42%) 296 (23.33%) 11 (0.87%) 10 (0.79%) 4 (0.32%) 3 (0.24%) 10 (0.79%) 390 (30.73%) 3 Officers may select all reasonable suspicion subcategories that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. 4 There are 232 cases in the data where the officer categorized the stop as due to reasonable suspicion but did not indicate any reasonable suspicion subcategory. These cases are excluded from this analysis. Carrying Actions Suspected of Actions Identity Matched Suspect Witness Drug Subgroup Officer Witness Suspicious Indicative of Acting as Indicative of Other Group Description Identification Transaction Object Casing Lookout Violent Crime 6 puorG egA 01-07 Years 132 (27.10%) 109 (22.38%) 60 (12.32%) 3 (0.62%) 4 (0.82%) 5 (1.03%) 0 (0.00%) 10 (2.05%) 221 (45.38%) 08-11 Years 329 (37.05%) 70 (7.88%) 200 (22.52%) 15 (1.69%) 6 (0.68%) 5 (0.56%) 2 (0.23%) 24 (2.70%) 354 (39.86%) 12-14 Years 2,531 (38.57% ) 912 (13.90% ) 1,790 (27.28% ) 142 (2.16%) 36 (0.55%) 45 (0.69%) 50 (0.76%) 169 (2.58%) 2,147 (32.72% ) 15-17 Years 8,164 (37.11%) 4,691 (21.33% ) 4,300 (19.55%) 577 (2.62%) 144 (0.65%) 251 (1.14%) 180 (0.82%) 527 (2.40%) 7,482 (34.01%) 18-24 Years 21,732 (30.47%) 23,344 (32.73%) 10,429 (14.62%) 1,511 (2.12% ) 538 (0.75%) 841 (1.18%) 551 (0.77%) 1,037 (1.45% ) 23,520 (32.97%) 25-34 Years 70,947 (36.35%) 59,512 (30.49%) 33,364 (17.10%) 3,135 (1.61%) 1,695 (0.87% ) 2,363 (1.21% ) 914 (0.47%) 2,139 (1.10%) 57,195 (29.31%) 35-44 Years 59,842 (36.34%) 51,644 (31.36%) 27,139 (16.48%) 2,406 (1.46%) 1,262 (0.77%) 2,051 (1.25%) 654 (0.40%) 1,492 (0.91%) 48,313 (29.34%) 45-54 Years 31,303 (33.79%) 31,965 (34.50%) 14,224 (15.35%) 1,080 (1.17%) 709 (0.77%) 1,046 (1.13%) 283 (0.31%) 700 (0.76%) 26,720 (28.84%) 55-64 Years 14,082 (31.35%) 16,643 (37.05%) 6,850 (15.25%) 449 (1.00%) 370 (0.82%) 373 (0.83%) 127 (0.28%) 287 (0.64%) 12,770 (28.43%) 65+ Years 5,017 (32.21%) 5,058 (32.48%) 2,705 (17.37%) 122 (0.78%) 105 (0.67%) 91 (0.58%) 19 (0.12%) 117 (0.75%) 4,824 (30.97%) TBGL LGBT 3,463 (39.27%) 2,352 (26.67%) 1,978 (22.43%) 114 (1.29%) 45 (0.51%) 93 (1.05%) 27 (0.31%) 116 (1.32%) 2,435 (27.61%) Non-L GBT 210,616 (34.79% ) 191,596 (31.65% ) 99,083 (16.37%) 9,326 (1.54% ) 4,824 (0.80% ) 6,978 (1.15% ) 2,753 (0.45% ) 6,386 (1.05% ) 181,111 (29.92% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 203,313 (35.20%) 182,980 (31.68%) 93,948 (16.27%) 8,988 (1.56%) 4,538 (0.79%) 6,629 (1.15%) 2,636 (0.46%) 5,677 (0.98%) 171,221 (29.65%) Limited/No En glish 10,766 (29.35%) 10,968 (29.90%) 7,113 (19.39%) 452 (1.23%) 331 (0.90%) 442 (1.20%) 144 (0.39%) 825 (2.25%) 12,325 (33.60%) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 13,874 (43.64%) 5,431 (17.08%) 6,920 (21.77%) 418 (1.31%) 90 (0.28%) 206 (0.65%) 39 (0.12%) 326 (1.03%) 11,867 (37.33%) No Disabi lity 200,205 (34.37%) 188,517 (32.37% ) 94,141 (16.16%) 9,022 (1.55% ) 4,779 (0.82% ) 6,865 (1.18% ) 2,741 (0.47% ) 6,176 (1.06% ) 171,679 (29.48%) 214,079 193,948 101,061 Overall 9,440 (1.54%) 4,869 (0.79%) 7,071 (1.15%) 2,780 (0.45%) 6,502 (1.06%) 183,546 (29.88%) (34.85%) (31.58%) (16.45%) Table A4. Stops by Identity Group and Calls for Service Group Subgroup Officer-initiated Stops Call-for-service Stops Total 7 yticinhtE/ecaRerht Asian 258,295 (95.58%) 11,935 (4.42%) 270,230 (100.00%) Black 501,707 (87.51%) 71,586 (12.49%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1,874,470 (92.18% ) 159,012 (7.82%) 2,033,482 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 229,332 (96.56%) 8,179 (3.44%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 52,141 (90.77%) 5,303 (9.23%) 57,444 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 11,385 (85.87%) 1,874 (14.13%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 24,886 (91.83%) 2,214 (8.17%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 1,376,972 (91.26% ) 131,844 (8.74% ) 1,508,816 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 1,243,030 (92.46%) 101,335 (7.54%) 1,344,365 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 3,070,684 (91.44%) 287,502 (8.56%) 3,358,186 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 8,957 (90.78%) 910 (9.22%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 4,361 (77.00%) 1,303 (23.00% ) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 2,154 (70.62%) 896 (29.38%) 3,050 (100.00%) NA 2 (66.67%) 1 (33.33%) 3 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 3,221 (89.40%) 382 (10.60%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 2,379 (75.17%) 786 (24.83%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 5,166 (48.52%) 5,481 (51.48% ) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 54,585 (78.01%) 15,384 (21.99%) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 692,742 (94.07%) 43,647 (5.93%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 1,347,188 (91.45% ) 126,027 (8.55%) 1,473,215 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 1,028,835 (90.69%) 105,662 (9.31%) 1,134,497 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 660,780 (92.11%) 56,638 (7.89%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 362,840 (93.07%) 27,026 (6.93%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 171,452 (94.02%) 10,914 (5.98%) 182,366 (100.00%) egA SERC puorG 01-17 Years 65,351 (74.79%) 22,033 (25.21%) 87,384 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 692,742 (94.07%) 43,647 (5.93%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25+ Years 3,571,095 (91.63% ) 326,267 (8.37%) 3,897,362 (100.00% ) TBGL LGBT 29,990 (82.89%) 6,191 (17.11%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 4,299,198 (91.77% ) 385,756 (8.23%) 4,684,954 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4,086,039 (91.76%) 366,971 (8.24%) 4,453,010 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 243,149 (90.68%) 24,976 (9.32%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 21,538 (43.04%) 28,502 (56.96%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 4,307,650 (92.22% ) 363,445 (7.78%) 4,671,095 (100.00% ) Overall 4,329,188 (91.70%) 391,947 (8.30%) 4,721,135 (100.00%) Table A5. Stops by Identity Group and Calls for Service Without Traffic Violations Group Subgroup Officer-initiated Stops Call-for-service Stops Total 8 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 9,677 (48.22%) 10,393 (51.78%) 20,070 (100.00%) Black 66,605 (49.80%) 67,135 (50.20%) 133,740 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 179,664 (56.22%) 139,884 (43.78%) 319,548 (100.00%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 6,159 (47.17%) 6,899 (52.83%) 13,058 (100.00%) Multiracial 5,170 (51.89%) 4,794 (48.11%) 9,964 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 1,749 (49.45%) 1,788 (50.55%) 3,537 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 2,010 (49.70%) 2,034 (50.30%) 4,044 (100.00%) White 144,677 (54.49% ) 120,854 (45.51% ) 265,531 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 89,299 (49.46%) 91,259 (50.54%) 180,558 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 323,918 (55.51%) 259,604 (44.49%) 583,522 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 780 (49.06%) 810 (50.94%) 1,590 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 1,093 (46.85% ) 1,240 (53.15% ) 2,333 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 621 (41.73%) 867 (58.27%) 1,488 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 379 (52.57%) 342 (47.43%) 721 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 483 (38.33%) 777 (61.67%) 1,260 (100.00% ) 12-14 Years 2,979 (35.63% ) 5,383 (64.37% ) 8,362 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 12,488 (46.20%) 14,541 (53.80%) 27,029 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 48,128 (56.77%) 36,654 (43.23%) 84,782 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 130,441 (53.33%) 114,155 (46.67%) 244,596 (100.00%) 35-44 Years 113,821 (53.96%) 97,098 (46.04%) 210,919 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 65,775 (56.14%) 51,396 (43.86%) 117,171 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 31,550 (56.65%) 24,142 (43.35%) 55,692 (100.00%) 65+ Years 9,667 (50.99%) 9,293 (49.01%) 18,960 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 5,015 (46.52%) 5,766 (53.48%) 10,781 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 410,696 (54.13% ) 348,015 (45.87% ) 758,711 (100.00%) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 393,264 (54.18%) 332,532 (45.82%) 725,796 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 22,447 (51.37%) 21,249 (48.63%) 43,696 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 11,715 (29.62%) 27,842 (70.38%) 39,557 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 403,996 (55.35%) 325,939 (44.65%) 729,935 (100.00%) Overall 415,711 (54.02%) 353,781 (45.98%) 769,492 (100.00%) Table A6. Stops by Identity Group and Average Actions Taken During Stop5 6 Average Actions Taken During Identity Group Subgroup Overall Average Actions Taken Stops with Actions 9 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.26 (0.94) 2.41 (1.71) Black 0.88 (1.6) 2.76 (1.69) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0.67 (1.45) 2.70 (1.74) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.21 (0.83) 2.33 (1.67) Multiracial 0.64 (1.46) 2.77 (1.82) Native Ame rican 0.93 (1.61) 2.69 (1.65) Pacific Islander 0.54 (1.32) 2.67 (1.74) White 0.55 (1.32) 2.59 (1.72) redneG Cisgender Female 0.42 (1.14) 2.38 (1.64) Cisgender Male 0.69 (1.47) 2.74 (1.74) Gender Noncon forming 0.56 (1.34) 2.71 (1.69) Transgender Man/Boy 1.12 (1.64) 2.54 (1.59) Transgender Woman/G irl 1.22 (1.7) 2.52 (1.65) puorG egA 01-07 Years 0.47 (1.13) 2.01 (1.55) 08-11 Years 0.64 (1.12) 1.84 (1.19) 12-14 Years 1.36 (1.5) 2.16 (1.36) 15-17 Years 1.05 (1.6) 2.48 (1.59) 18-24 Years 0.56 (1.35) 2.65 (1.73) 25-34 Years 0.69 (1.47) 2.74 (1.74) 35-44 Years 0.68 (1.47) 2.73 (1.75) 45-54 Years 0.53 (1.31) 2.59 (1.73) 55-64 Years 0.40 (1.13) 2.44 (1.65) 65+ Years 0.26 (0.89) 2.19 (1.54) TBGL LGBT 0.94 (1.61) 2.67 (1.67) Non-L GBT 0.61 (1.39) 2.66 (1.73) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0.60 (1.38) 2.67 (1.72) Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.75 (1.51) 2.53 (1.77) ytilibasiD Disability 1.82 (1.72) 2.59 (1.48) No Disabi lity 0.60 (1.38) 2.66 (1.73) Overall 0.61 (1.39) 2.66 (1.73) 5 There are 2 cases in the data where all actions during stop are NA, therefore these cases are excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where any actions taken during a stop are presented, including tables presenting information on searches, use of force, individual actions like patrol car detention, etc. 6 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. Table A7. Stops by Identity Group and Overall Actions Taken During Stop Actions Taken for No Actions Taken for Identity Group Subgroup Total During Stop During Stop 11 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 29,256 (10.83%) 240,973 (89.17%) 270,229 (100.00%) Black 183,044 (31.93%) 390,249 (68.07%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 508,037 (24.98%) 1,525,445 (75.02% ) 2,033,482 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 21,099 (8.88%) 216,412 (91.12%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 13,240 (23.05%) 44,203 (76.95%) 57,443 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 4,571 (34.47%) 8,688 (65.53%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 5,444 (20.09%) 21,656 (79.91%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 317,819 (21.06% ) 1,190,997 (78.94% ) 1,508,816 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 236,434 (17.59%) 1,107,930 (82.41%) 1,344,364 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 840,071 (25.02%) 2,518,115 (74.98%) 3,358,186 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 2,035 (20.62%) 7,832 (79.38%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 2,495 (44.05%) 3,169 (55.95%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 1,474 (48.33%) 1,576 (51.67%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 836 (23.20%) 2,767 (76.80%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 1,098 (34.69% ) 2,067 (65.31%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 6,734 (63.25%) 3,913 (36.75%) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 29,568 (42.26%) 40,401 (57.74%) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 156,691 (21.28%) 579,698 (78.72%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 370,961 (25.18%) 1,102,254 (74.82% ) 1,473,215 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 282,555 (24.91%) 851,940 (75.09%) 1,134,495 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 147,781 (20.60%) 569,637 (79.40%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 64,693 (16.59%) 325,173 (83.41%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 21,593 (11.84%) 160,773 (88.16%) 182,366 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 12,726 (35.17%) 23,455 (64.83%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 1,069,784 (22.83% ) 3,615,168 (77.17% ) 4,684,952 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,002,659 (22.52%) 3,450,349 (77.48%) 4,453,008 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 79,851 (29.78%) 188,274 (70.22%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 35,139 (70.22%) 14,901 (29.78%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 1,047,371 (22.42% ) 3,623,722 (77.58% ) 4,671,093 (100.00% ) Overall 1,082,510 (22.93%) 3,638,623 (77.07%) 4,721,133 (100.00%) Table A8. Stops by Identity Group and Actions Taken During Stop (Top 4)7 Ordered Vehicle Identity Group Subgroup Searched Handcuffed Detained Exit 13 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 13,340 (4.94%) 11,389 (4.21%) 15,806 (5.85%) 4,654 (1.72%) Black 110,530 (19.28% ) 93,788 (16.36%) 107,000 (18.66% ) 36,306 (6.33%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 280,701 (13.80%) 219,467 (10.79%) 285,680 (14.05%) 105,308 (5.18%) Middle Eastern/Sou th 9,014 (3.80%) 8,145 (3.43%) 10,962 (4.62%) 3,650 (1.54%) Asian Multir acial 7,305 (12.72%) 5,862 (10.20%) 8,157 (14.20%) 2,351 (4.09%) Native Ame rican 2,858 (21.56%) 2,485 (18.74%) 2,339 (17.64%) 643 (4.85%) Pacific Islander 2,931 (10.82%) 2,412 (8.90%) 2,964 (10.94%) 913 (3.37%) White 169,763 (11.25% ) 136,815 (9.07% ) 182,786 (12.11% ) 44,260 (2.93% ) redneG Cisgender Female 107,339 (7.98%) 95,421 (7.10%) 135,327 (10.07%) 38,809 (2.89%) Cisgender Male 485,684 (14.46%) 381,742 (11.37% ) 477,322 (14.21%) 158,393 (4.72%) Gender Noncon forming 1,160 (11.76%) 907 (9.19%) 945 (9.58%) 392 (3.97%) Transgender Man/Boy 1,440 (25.42%) 1,446 (25.53% ) 1,307 (23.08% ) 326 (5.76%) Transgender Woman/G irl 818 (26.82%) 846 (27.74%) 792 (25.97%) 165 (5.41%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 315 (8.74%) 165 (4.58%) 476 (13.21%) 104 (2.89%) 08-11 Years 450 (14.22%) 264 (8.34%) 612 (19.34%) 81 (2.56%) 12-14 Years 3,236 (30.39% ) 2,895 (27.19% ) 3,840 (36.07% ) 374 (3.51%) 15-17 Years 15,705 (22.45%) 13,441 (19.21%) 16,893 (24.14%) 4,718 (6.74% ) 18-24 Years 82,789 (11.24%) 64,398 (8.75%) 85,234 (11.57%) 39,968 (5.43%) 25-34 Years 211,743 (14.37%) 171,208 (11.62% ) 208,779 (14.17%) 73,850 (5.01%) 35-44 Years 162,259 (14.30%) 131,363 (11.58%) 164,247 (14.48%) 46,584 (4.11%) 45-54 Years 78,709 (10.97%) 62,652 (8.73%) 86,522 (12.06%) 21,768 (3.03%) 55-64 Years 32,030 (8.22%) 26,281 (6.74%) 37,384 (9.59%) 8,263 (2.12%) 65+ Years 9,206 (5.05%) 7,696 (4.22%) 11,707 (6.42%) 2,375 (1.30%) TBGL LGBT 7,138 (19.73%) 6,653 (18.39%) 7,373 (20.38%) 1,970 (5.44%) Non-L GBT 589,304 (12.58% ) 473,710 (10.11% ) 608,321 (12.98% ) 196,115 (4.19% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 559,189 (12.56%) 448,306 (10.07%) 581,089 (13.05%) 184,189 (4.14%) Limited/No En glish 37,253 (13.89%) 32,057 (11.96%) 34,605 (12.91%) 13,896 (5.18%) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 22,467 (44.90%) 22,622 (45.21%) 20,331 (40.63%) 1,553 (3.10%) No Disabi lity 573,975 (12.29%) 457,741 (9.80%) 595,363 (12.75%) 196,532 (4.21% ) Overall 596,442 (12.63%) 480,363 (10.17%) 615,694 (13.04%) 198,085 (4.20%) 7 Officers may select all actions that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. Table A9. All Actions Taken During Stop by Race and Ethnicity8 9 Middle Action Taken Asian Black Hispanic/Latine(x) Eastern/South Multiracial Native American Pacific Islander White Asian Removed from Vehicle by 4,654 (1.72%) 36,306 (6.33%) 105,308 (5.18%) 3,650 (1.54%) 2,351 (4.09%) 643 (4.85%) 913 (3.37%) 44,260 (2.93%) Order Remo ved from Vehicle by 615 (0.23%) 5,695 (0.99%) 14,361 (0.71%) 405 (0.17%) 432 (0.75%) 62 (0.47%) 128 (0.47%) 5,731 (0.38%) Physical Contact Field Sobriety Te st 4,052 (1.50% ) 10,293 (1.80%) 57,389 (2.82%) 2,985 (1.26% ) 926 (1.61%) 494 (3.73%) 596 (2.20%) 28,859 (1.91%) Curbside Detention 8,444 (3.12%) 59,881 (10.45%) 169,435 (8.33%) 6,153 (2.59%) 4,534 (7.89% ) 1,213 (9.15% ) 1,658 (6.12% ) 117,008 (7.75%) Handcuffed 11,389 (4.21%) 93,788 (16.36%) 219,467 (10.79%) 8,145 (3.43%) 5,862 (10.20%) 2,485 (18.74%) 2,412 (8.90%) 136,815 (9.07%) Patrol Car D etention 8,501 (3.15%) 57,117 (9.96%) 139,923 (6.88%) 5,645 (2.38%) 4,505 (7.84%) 1,372 (10.35%) 1,546 (5.70%) 82,274 (5.45%) Canine Search 67 (0.02%) 455 (0.08%) 1,890 (0.09%) 38 (0.02%) 56 (0.10%) 27 (0.20%) 25 (0.09%) 1,355 (0.09%) Firearm Point 507 (0.19%) 5,621 (0.98% ) 10,728 (0.53%) 378 (0.16%) 303 (0.53%) 83 (0.63%) 151 (0.56%) 5,147 (0.34%) Firearm Disch arge 10 (0.00%) 61 (0.01%) 135 (0.01%) 3 (0.00%) 5 (0.01%) 1 (0.01%) 3 (0.01%) 62 (0.00%) Electronic Control Device 25 (0.01%) 335 (0.06%) 600 (0.03%) 23 (0.01%) 25 (0.04%) 8 (0.06%) 16 (0.06%) 427 (0.03%) Impact Projectile 7 (0.00%) 82 (0.01%) 178 (0.01%) 4 (0.00%) 7 (0.01%) 0 (0.00%) 3 (0.01%) 114 (0.01%) Discharge Canine Bit e 11 (0.00%) 116 (0.02%) 242 (0.01%) 5 (0.00%) 12 (0.02%) 1 (0.01%) 4 (0.01%) 163 (0.01%) Baton 8 (0.00%) 51 (0.01%) 130 (0.01%) 11 (0.00%) 9 (0.02%) 0 (0.00%) 3 (0.01%) 104 (0.01%) Chem ical Spray 9 (0.00%) 118 (0.02%) 185 (0.01%) 5 (0.00%) 6 (0.01%) 1 (0.01%) 8 (0.03%) 142 (0.01%) Other Physical o f Vehicle 2,327 (0.86% ) 8,098 (1.41% ) 22,288 (1.10% ) 2,081 (0.88% ) 984 (1.71% ) 248 (1.87% ) 334 (1.23% ) 23,113 (1.53% ) Contact Person P hotographed 1,329 (0.49%) 5,942 (1.04%) 18,420 (0.91%) 724 (0.30%) 741 (1.29%) 179 (1.35%) 314 (1.16%) 13,641 (0.90%) Asked for Consent to 3,873 (1.43%) 24,922 (4.35%) 86,371 (4.25%) 2,317 (0.98% ) 2,247 (3.91% ) 542 (4.09%) 785 (2.90%) 46,462 (3.08%) Search Person Searched Perso n 12,127 (4.49%) 100,572 (17.54% ) 255,853 (12.58% ) 8,183 (3.45%) 6,633 (11.55%) 2,663 (20.08% ) 2,687 (9.92% ) 157,322 (10.43% ) Asked for Conse nt to 2,719 (1.01%) 19,684 (3.43%) 61,189 (3.01%) 1,747 (0.74%) 1,503 (2.62%) 360 (2.72%) 576 (2.13%) 30,814 (2.04%) Search Property 8 Officers may select all actions that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. 9 The percentages in Search Person Consent Given and Search Property Consent Given represent the percentages of those that were asked for consent and gave consent. 15 Middle Action Taken Asian Black Hispanic/Latine(x) Eastern/South Multiracial Native American Pacific Islander White Asian Searched Property 6,056 (2.24%) 55,172 (9.62%) 131,260 (6.45%) 3,974 (1.67 %) 3,506 (6.10%) 1,172 (8.84%) 1,444 (5.33%) 81,249 (5.38%) Property Seized 2,155 (0.80%) 12,273 (2.14%) 32,385 (1.59%) 1,134 (0.48%) 1,101 (1.92%) 487 (3.67%) 533 (1.97%) 31,275 (2.07%) Vehicle Impoun d 1,739 (0.64%) 8,925 (1.56%) 41,272 (2.03%) 1,445 (0.61%) 857 (1.49%) 267 (2.01%) 367 (1.35%) 16,200 (1.07%) Admission/Writte n Statement Obtained from 28 (0.01%) 123 (0.02%) 604 (0.03%) 7 (0.00%) 19 (0.03%) 4 (0.03%) 8 (0.03%) 164 (0.01%) Student No Acti on Taken 240,973 (89.17%) 390,249 (68.07%) 1,525,445 (75.02%) 216,412 (91.12%) 44,203 (76.95%) 8,688 (65.53%) 21,656 (79.91%) 1,190,997 (78.94%) Search Person Co nsent 3,443 (88.90%) 22,442 (90.05%) 79,050 (91.52%) 2,028 (87.53%) 1,990 (88.56%) 442 (81.55%) 677 (86.24%) 40,211 (86.55%) Given Search Property Consent 2,359 (86.76%) 17,439 (88.59%) 55,170 (90.16%) 1,495 (85.58%) 1,318 (87.69%) 291 (80.83%) 482 (83.68%) 25,833 (83.84%) Given 16 Table A10. All Actions Taken During Stop by Gender 10 11 Gender Transgender Transgender Action Taken Cisgender Female Cisgender Male Nonconforming Man/Boy Woman/Girl Removed from Vehicle 38,809 (2.89%) 158,393 (4.72%) 392 (3.97%) 326 (5.76%) 165 (5.41%) by Order Removed from Vehicle 4,236 (0.32%) 23,010 (0.69%) 113 (1.15%) 37 (0.65%) 33 (1.08%) by Physical Contact Field Sobriety Test 23,402 (1.74%) 81,782 (2.44%) 273 (2.77%) 92 (1.62%) 45 (1.48%) Curbside Detention 80,337 (5.98%) 286,206 (8.52%) 424 (4.30%) 874 (15.43% ) 485 (15.90% ) Handcuffed 95,421 (7.10%) 381,742 (11.37%) 907 (9.19%) 1,446 (25.53% ) 846 (27.74%) Patrol Car D etention 65,854 (4.90%) 233,470 (6.95%) 597 (6.05%) 566 (9.99%) 395 (12.95%) Canine Search 739 (0.05%) 3,162 (0.09%) 5 (0.05%) 4 (0.07%) 3 (0.10%) Firearm Point 3,699 (0.28% ) 19,081 (0.57%) 36 (0.36%) 66 (1.17%) 36 (1.18%) Firearm Disch arge 41 (0.00%) 236 (0.01%) 2 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 0 (0.00%) Electronic Control 106 (0.01%) 1,344 (0.04%) 1 (0.01%) 7 (0.12%) 1 (0.03%) Device Impact Projectile 45 (0.00%) 344 (0.01%) 1 (0.01%) 3 (0.05%) 2 (0.07%) Discharge Canine Bit e 52 (0.00%) 497 (0.01%) 2 (0.02%) 3 (0.05%) 0 (0.00%) Baton 40 (0.00%) 273 (0.01%) 2 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 0 (0.00%) Chem ical Spray 77 (0.01%) 391 (0.01%) 3 (0.03%) 2 (0.04%) 1 (0.03%) Other Physical o f 18,608 (1.38%) 40,615 (1.21%) 99 (1.00%) 86 (1.52%) 65 (2.13%) Vehicle Contact Person Photogra phed 9,222 (0.69%) 31,790 (0.95%) 77 (0.78%) 102 (1.80%) 99 (3.25%) Asked for Consent to 24,330 (1.81%) 142,390 (4.24%) 345 (3.50%) 290 (5.12%) 164 (5.38%) Search Person Searched Perso n 93,616 (6.96%) 449,296 (13.38%) 1,054 (10.68%) 1,331 (23.50%) 743 (24.36%) Asked for Conse nt to 19,998 (1.49%) 97,997 (2.92%) 244 (2.47%) 237 (4.18%) 116 (3.80%) Search Property Searched Proper ty 52,691 (3.92%) 229,644 (6.84%) 554 (5.61%) 590 (10.42%) 353 (11.57%) Property Seized 15,715 (1.17%) 65,154 (1.94%) 189 (1.92%) 169 (2.98%) 115 (3.77%) Vehicle Impoun d 14,314 (1.06%) 56,448 (1.68%) 175 (1.77%) 90 (1.59%) 45 (1.48%) Admission/Writte n Statement Obtained 344 (0.03%) 594 (0.02%) 14 (0.14%) 2 (0.04%) 3 (0.10%) from Student No Action Ta ken 1,107,930 (82.41%) 2,518,115 (74.98%) 7,832 (79.38%) 3,169 (55.95%) 1,576 (51.67%) Search Person Co nsent 21,258 (87.37%) 128,389 (90.17%) 269 (77.97%) 234 (80.69%) 133 (81.10%) Given 10 Officers may select all actions that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. 11 The percentages in Search Person Consent Given and Search Property Consent Given represent the percentages of those that were asked for consent and gave consent. 17 Gender Transgender Transgender Action Taken Cisgender Female Cisgender Male Nonconforming Man/Boy Woman/Girl Search Property 17,182 (85.92%) 86,720 (88.49%) 191 (78.28%) 201 (84.81%) 93 (80.17%) Consent Given 18 Table A11. All Actions Taken During Stop by Age Group12 13 01-07 08-11 12-14 15-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 Action Taken 65+ Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Removed from Vehicle 104 81 374 4,718 39,968 73,850 46,584 21,768 8,263 2,375 by Order (2.89%) (2.56%) (3.51%) (6.74%) (5.43%) (5.01%) (4.11%) (3.03%) (2.12%) (1.30%) Removed from Vehicle 29 7 41 663 5,310 10,343 6,901 2,955 942 238 by Physical Contact (0.80%) (0.22%) (0.39%) (0.95%) (0.72%) (0.70%) (0.61%) (0.41%) (0.24%) (0.13%) 17 4 37 722 18,880 39,986 24,025 12,630 6,525 2,768 Field Sobriety Test (0.47%) (0.13%) (0.35%) (1.03%) (2.56%) (2.71%) (2.12%) (1.76%) (1.67%) (1.52%) 277 332 2,265 10,596 50,764 122,670 97,498 53,001 23,801 7,122 Curbside Detention (7.69%) (10.49%) (21.27%) (15.14%) (6.89%) (8.33%) (8.59%) (7.39%) (6.10%) (3.91%) 165 264 2,895 13,441 64,398 171,208 131,363 62,652 26,281 7,696 Handcuffed (4.58%) (8.34%) (27.19%) (19.21%) (8.75%) (11.62%) (11.58%) (8.73%) (6.74%) (4.22%) 220 325 1,927 8,016 41,090 104,592 81,873 40,897 16,522 5,421 Patrol Car Detention (6.11%) (10.27%) (18.10%) (11.46%) (5.58%) (7.10%) (7.22%) (5.70%) (4.24%) (2.97%) 0 0 12 102 512 1,279 1,160 545 248 55 Canine Search (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.11%) (0.15%) (0.07%) (0.09%) (0.10%) (0.08%) (0.06%) (0.03%) 8 8 195 1,240 3,918 8,059 5,942 2,442 872 234 Firearm Point (0.22%) (0.25%) (1.83%) (1.77%) (0.53%) (0.55%) (0.52%) (0.34%) (0.22%) (0.13%) 0 0 3 9 37 92 88 37 11 3 Firearm Discharge (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.03%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.00%) (0.00%) Electronic Control 0 0 2 16 131 555 506 180 62 7 Device (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.02%) (0.02%) (0.02%) (0.04%) (0.04%) (0.03%) (0.02%) (0.00%) Impact Projectile 0 0 0 7 32 150 135 53 15 3 Discharge (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.01%) (0.00%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.00%) (0.00%) 1 1 2 15 84 218 140 70 19 4 Canine Bite (0.03%) (0.03%) (0.02%) (0.02%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.00%) (0.00%) 0 0 1 6 38 112 105 32 15 7 Baton (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) 12 Officers may select all actions that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. 13 The percentages in Search Person Consent Given and Search Property Consent Given represent the percentages of those that were asked for consent and gave consent. 19 01-07 08-11 12-14 15-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 Action Taken 65+ Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years 0 1 3 12 48 184 135 55 29 7 Chemical Spray (0.00%) (0.03%) (0.03%) (0.02%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.01%) (0.00%) Other Physical of 134 127 241 1,353 8,010 18,276 15,501 9,265 4,431 2,135 Vehicle Contact (3.72%) (4.01%) (2.26%) (1.93%) (1.09%) (1.24%) (1.37%) (1.29%) (1.14%) (1.17%) 19 37 392 1,679 5,499 12,870 11,235 6,020 2,636 903 Person Photographed (0.53%) (1.17%) (3.68%) (2.40%) (0.75%) (0.87%) (0.99%) (0.84%) (0.68%) (0.50%) Asked for Consent to 117 111 678 3,628 21,851 59,201 47,453 23,643 8,663 2,174 Search Person (3.25%) (3.51%) (6.37%) (5.19%) (2.97%) (4.02%) (4.18%) (3.30%) (2.22%) (1.19%) 261 363 2,949 14,205 73,234 193,665 150,320 72,967 29,676 8,400 Searched Person (7.24%) (11.47%) (27.70%) (20.30%) (9.95%) (13.15%) (13.25%) (10.17%) (7.61%) (4.61%) Asked for Consent to 80 81 406 2,418 18,334 42,998 31,729 15,576 5,560 1,410 Search Property (2.22%) (2.56%) (3.81%) (3.46%) (2.49%) (2.92%) (2.80%) (2.17%) (1.43%) (0.77%) 182 199 1,051 6,334 41,343 102,394 77,820 36,706 14,034 3,770 Searched Property (5.05%) (6.29%) (9.87%) (9.05%) (5.61%) (6.95%) (6.86%) (5.12%) (3.60%) (2.07%) 38 37 521 2,385 8,180 26,409 24,786 12,503 5,191 1,293 Property Seized (1.05%) (1.17%) (4.89%) (3.41%) (1.11%) (1.79%) (2.18%) (1.74%) (1.33%) (0.71%) 28 9 117 1,374 13,550 25,618 16,822 8,506 3,757 1,291 Vehicle Impound (0.78%) (0.28%) (1.10%) (1.96%) (1.84%) (1.74%) (1.48%) (1.19%) (0.96%) (0.71%) Admission/Written 0 28 405 506 16 0 0 0 0 2 Statement Obtained from (0.00%) (0.88%) (3.80%) (0.72%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) (0.00%) Student 2,767 2,067 3,913 40,401 579,698 1,102,254 851,940 569,637 325,173 160,773 No Action Taken (76.80%) (65.31%) (36.75%) (57.74%) (78.72%) (74.82%) (75.09%) (79.40%) (83.41%) (88.16%) Search Person Consent 109 90 577 3,191 19,860 53,343 42,368 21,210 7,638 1,897 Given (93.16%) (81.08%) (85.10%) (87.95%) (90.89%) (90.10%) (89.28%) (89.71%) (88.17%) (87.26%) Search Property Consent 70 65 353 2,056 16,403 38,154 27,717 13,606 4,750 1,213 Given (87.50%) (80.25%) (86.95%) (85.03%) (89.47%) (88.73%) (87.36%) (87.35%) (85.43%) (86.03%) 20 Table A12. All Actions Taken During Stop by LGBT, Limited English Fluency, or Disability Group14 15 Limited/No English Action Taken LGBT Non-LGBT English Fluent Disability No Disability Fluency Removed from Vehicle by 1,970 (5.44%) 196,115 (4.19%) 184,189 (4.14%) 13,896 (5.18%) 1,553 (3.10%) 196,532 (4.21%) Order Remo ved from Vehicle by 288 (0.80%) 27,141 (0.58%) 26,179 (0.59%) 1,250 (0.47%) 333 (0.67%) 27,096 (0.58%) Physical Contact Field Sobriety Te st 1,264 (3.49%) 104,330 (2.23%) 91,546 (2.06%) 14,048 (5.24%) 922 (1.84%) 104,672 (2.24%) Curbside Detention 4,021 (11.11%) 364,305 (7.78%) 345,484 (7.76%) 22,842 (8.52%) 10,374 (20.73% ) 357,952 (7.66%) Handcuffed 6,653 (18.39%) 473,710 (10.11%) 448,306 (10.07%) 32,057 (11.96%) 22,622 (45.21%) 457,741 (9.80%) Patrol Car D etention 4,054 (11.20%) 296,829 (6.34%) 285,372 (6.41%) 15,511 (5.78%) 12,549 (25.08%) 288,334 (6.17%) Canine Search 29 (0.08%) 3,884 (0.08%) 3,551 (0.08%) 362 (0.14%) 62 (0.12%) 3,851 (0.08%) Firearm Point 264 (0.73%) 22,654 (0.48%) 21,529 (0.48%) 1,389 (0.52% ) 689 (1.38%) 22,229 (0.48%) Firearm Disch arge 5 (0.01%) 275 (0.01%) 267 (0.01%) 13 (0.00%) 8 (0.02%) 272 (0.01%) Electronic Control Device 20 (0.06%) 1,439 (0.03% ) 1,371 (0.03% ) 88 (0.03%) 178 (0.36% ) 1,281 (0.03% ) Impact Projectile Discharg e 7 (0.02%) 388 (0.01%) 366 (0.01%) 29 (0.01%) 54 (0.11%) 341 (0.01%) Canine Bite 9 (0.02%) 545 (0.01%) 517 (0.01%) 37 (0.01%) 22 (0.04%) 532 (0.01%) Baton 3 (0.01%) 313 (0.01%) 298 (0.01%) 18 (0.01%) 29 (0.06%) 287 (0.01%) Chem ical Spray 6 (0.02%) 468 (0.01%) 452 (0.01%) 22 (0.01%) 41 (0.08%) 433 (0.01%) Other Physical o f Vehicle 450 (1.24%) 59,023 (1.26%) 43,995 (0.99%) 15,478 (5.77%) 1,710 (3.42%) 57,763 (1.24%) Contact Person P hotographed 576 (1.59%) 40,714 (0.87%) 37,526 (0.84%) 3,764 (1.40%) 1,864 (3.73%) 39,426 (0.84%) Asked for Consent to Search 1,897 (5.24%) 165,622 (3.54%) 158,319 (3.56%) 9,200 (3.43%) 4,815 (9.62%) 162,704 (3.48%) Person Searche d Person 6,617 (18.29%) 539,423 (11.51%) 512,056 (11.50%) 33,984 (12.67%) 21,259 (42.48%) 524,781 (11.23%) 14 Officers may select all actions that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. 15 The percentages in Search Person Consent Given and Search Property Consent Given represent the percentages of those that were asked for consent and gave consent. 21 Limited/No English Action Taken LGBT Non-LGBT English Fluent Disability No Disability Fluency Asked for Consent to Search 1,219 (3.37%) 117,373 (2.51%) 111,703 (2.51%) 6,889 (2.57%) 2,298 (4.59%) 116,294 (2.49%) Property Searched Property 2,961 (8.18%) 280,872 (6.00%) 267,726 (6.01%) 16,107 (6.01%) 6,916 (13.82%) 276,917 (5.93%) Property Seized 873 (2.41%) 80,470 (1.72%) 75,765 (1.70%) 5,578 (2.08%) 2,188 (4.37%) 79,155 (1.69%) Vehicle Impoun d 723 (2.00%) 70,349 (1.50%) 62,039 (1.39%) 9,033 (3.37%) 631 (1.26%) 70,441 (1.51%) Admission/Writte n Statement Obtained from 19 (0.05%) 938 (0.02%) 858 (0.02%) 99 (0.04%) 52 (0.10%) 905 (0.02%) Student No Acti on Taken 23,455 (64.83%) 3,615,168 (77.17%) 3,450,349 (77.48%) 188,274 (70.22%) 14,901 (29.78%) 3,623,722 (77.58%) Search Person Co nsent 1,686 (88.88%) 148,597 (89.72%) 142,070 (89.74%) 8,213 (89.27%) 4,250 (88.27%) 146,033 (89.75%) Given Search Property Consent 1,067 (87.53%) 103,320 (88.03%) 98,176 (87.89%) 6,211 (90.16%) 1,996 (86.86%) 102,391 (88.04%) Given 22 Table A13. Stops by Identity Group and Search/Discovery Rates Contraband/Evidence Identity Group Subgroup Search Frequency Total Stops Discovered Frequency 23 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 13,340 (4.94%) 3,395 (25.45%) 270,230 (100.00%) Black 110,530 (19.28% ) 30,343 (27.45%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 280,701 (13.80%) 70,592 (25.15%) 2,033,482 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 9,014 (3.80%) 2,033 (22.55%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 7,305 (12.72%) 2,151 (29.45%) 57,444 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 2,858 (21.56%) 748 (26.17%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 2,931 (10.82%) 827 (28.22%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 169,763 (11.25% ) 50,738 (29.89% ) 1,508,816 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 107,339 (7.98%) 27,573 (25.69%) 1,344,365 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 485,684 (14.46%) 132,345 (27.25%) 3,358,186 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 1,160 (11.76%) 315 (27.16%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 1,440 (25.42%) 383 (26.60%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 818 (26.82%) 210 (25.67%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 315 (8.74%) 91 (28.89%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 450 (14.22%) 60 (13.33%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 3,236 (30.39% ) 706 (21.82%) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 15,705 (22.45%) 4,381 (27.90% ) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 82,789 (11.24%) 20,426 (24.67%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 211,743 (14.37%) 55,156 (26.05%) 1,473,215 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 162,259 (14.30%) 46,676 (28.77%) 1,134,497 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 78,709 (10.97%) 22,416 (28.48%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 32,030 (8.22%) 8,858 (27.66%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 9,206 (5.05%) 2,057 (22.34%) 182,366 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 7,138 (19.73%) 1,726 (24.18%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 589,304 (12.58% ) 159,101 (27.00% ) 4,684,954 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 559,189 (12.56%) 151,672 (27.12%) 4,453,010 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 37,253 (13.89%) 9,155 (24.58%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 22,467 (44.90%) 3,810 (16.96%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 573,975 (12.29%) 157,017 (27.36% ) 4,671,095 (100.00% ) Overall 596,442 (12.63%) 160,827 (26.96%) 4,721,135 (100.00%) Table A14. Consent Inquiries and Search Rates by Identity Group Asked for Consent and Response Consent Response Search Rates Identity Subgroup Group Consent N ot Received & Asked for Consent Consent Received Consent Not Received Consent Received & Searched Searched 25 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 4,715 (1.74%) 4,176 (88.57%) 539 (11.43%) 3,687 (88.29%) 320 (59.37%) Black 31,690 (5.53%) 28,574 (90.17%) 3,116 (9.83%) 23,708 (82.97%) 1,927 (61.84% ) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 105,082 (5.17%) 96,386 (91.72%) 8,696 (8.28%) 82,370 (85.46%) 5,539 (63.70%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2,896 (1.22%) 2,538 (87.64%) 358 (12.36%) 2,172 (85.58%) 206 (57.54%) Multiracial 2,707 (4.71%) 2,412 (89.10%) 295 (10.90%) 2,096 (86.90%) 199 (67.46%) Native Ame rican 639 (4.82%) 525 (82.16%) 114 (17.84%) 485 (92.38%) 67 (58.77%) Pacific Islander 951 (3.51%) 818 (86.01%) 133 (13.99%) 724 (88.51%) 69 (51.88%) White 54,005 (3.58% ) 46,484 (86.07% ) 7,521 (13.93% ) 41,458 (89.19% ) 4,747 (63.12% ) redneG Cisgender Female 31,732 (2.36%) 27,769 (87.51%) 3,963 (12.49%) 24,085 (86.73%) 2,559 (64.57%) Cisgender Male 169,951 (5.06%) 153,337 (90.22%) 16,614 (9.78%) 131,917 (86.03%) 10,411 (62.66%) Gender Noncon forming 408 (4.13%) 318 (77.94%) 90 (22.06%) 286 (89.94%) 47 (52.22%) Transgender Man/Boy 389 (6.87%) 319 (82.01%) 70 (17.99%) 258 (80.88%) 33 (47.14%) Transgender Woman/G irl 205 (6.72%) 170 (82.93%) 35 (17.07%) 154 (90.59%) 24 (68.57%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 135 (3.75%) 125 (92.59%) 10 (7.41%) 105 (84.00%) 6 (60.00%) 08-11 Years 140 (4.42%) 116 (82.86%) 24 (17.14%) 98 (84.48%) 15 (62.50%) 12-14 Years 831 (7.81%) 722 (86.88%) 109 (13.12%) 629 (87.12%) 73 (66.97%) 15-17 Years 4,523 (6.46% ) 3,979 (87.97% ) 544 (12.03%) 3,398 (85.40% ) 330 (60.66%) 18-24 Years 28,811 (3.91%) 26,226 (91.03%) 2,585 (8.97%) 21,667 (82.62%) 1,554 (60.12% ) 25-34 Years 72,008 (4.89%) 64,980 (90.24%) 7,028 (9.76%) 55,784 (85.85%) 4,495 (63.96%) 35-44 Years 55,636 (4.90%) 49,637 (89.22%) 5,999 (10.78%) 43,279 (87.19%) 3,788 (63.14%) 45-54 Years 27,783 (3.87%) 24,867 (89.50%) 2,916 (10.50%) 21,845 (87.85%) 1,853 (63.55%) 55-64 Years 10,193 (2.61%) 8,968 (87.98%) 1,225 (12.02%) 7,864 (87.69%) 760 (62.04%) 65+ Years 2,625 (1.44%) 2,293 (87.35%) 332 (12.65%) 2,031 (88.57%) 200 (60.24%) Asked for Consent and Response Consent Response Search Rates Identity Subgroup Group Consent N ot Received & Asked for Consent Consent Received Consent Not Received Consent Received & Searched Searched 26 TBGL LGBT 2,254 (6.23%) 2,010 (89.17%) 244 (10.83%) 1,678 (83.48%) 152 (62.30%) Non-L GBT 200,431 (4.28% ) 179,903 (89.76% ) 20,528 (10.24% ) 155,022 (86.17% ) 12,922 (62.95% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 191,161 (4.29%) 171,499 (89.71%) 19,662 (10.29%) 147,973 (86.28%) 12,311 (62.61%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 11,524 (4.30%) 10,414 (90.37%) 1,110 (9.63%) 8,727 (83.80%) 763 (68.74%) ytilibasiD Disability 5,551 (11.09%) 4,897 (88.22%) 654 (11.78%) 4,361 (89.05%) 399 (61.01%) No Disabi lity 197,134 (4.22%) 177,016 (89.79% ) 20,118 (10.21% ) 152,339 (86.06% ) 12,675 (63.00% ) Overall 202,685 (4.29%) 181,913 (89.75%) 20,772 (10.25%) 156,700 (86.14%) 13,074 (62.94%) Table A15. Consent Search Rates by Identity Group16 17 Number of Stops Stops with Consent Stops Involving Searches with Consent Number of Searches Identity Searches with Consent Involving Other Subgroup as the Only Basis for Consent Plus Other Plus Other Bases for with Other Group as the Only Basis Discretionary Search Bases for Searches Searches Discretionary Basis Searches 27 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1,937 (0.72%) 1,937 (14.52%) 1,655 (0.61%) 1,655 (12.41%) 2,848 (1.05%) 2,848 (21.35%) Black 10,591 (1.85%) 10,591 (9.58%) 12,512 (2.18%) 12,512 (11.32%) 39,842 (6.95%) 39,842 (36.05%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 40,874 (2.01%) 40,874 (14.56%) 39,821 (1.96%) 39,821 (14.19%) 78,935 (3.88%) 78,935 (28.12%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1,119 (0.47%) 1,119 (12.41%) 1,037 (0.44%) 1,037 (11.50%) 2,042 (0.86%) 2,042 (22.65%) Multiracial 780 (1.36%) 780 (10.68%) 1,285 (2.24%) 1,285 (17.59%) 2,081 (3.62%) 2,081 (28.49%) Native Ame rican 231 (1.74%) 231 (8.08%) 228 (1.72%) 228 (7.98%) 721 (5.44%) 721 (25.23%) Pacific Islander 387 (1.43%) 387 (13.20%) 306 (1.13%) 306 (10.44%) 723 (2.67%) 723 (24.67%) White 20,789 (1.38% ) 20,789 (12.25% ) 19,529 (1.29% ) 19,529 (11.50% ) 46,657 (3.09% ) 46,657 (27.48% ) redneG Cisgender Female 11,954 (0.89%) 11,954 (11.14%) 11,572 (0.86%) 11,572 (10.78%) 25,820 (1.92%) 25,820 (24.05%) Cisgender Male 64,405 (1.92%) 64,405 (13.26%) 64,479 (1.92%) 64,479 (13.28%) 147,038 (4.38%) 147,038 (30.27%) Gender Noncon forming 143 (1.45%) 143 (12.34%) 123 (1.25%) 123 (10.61%) 321 (3.25%) 321 (27.67%) Transgender Man/Boy 131 (2.31%) 131 (9.10%) 117 (2.07%) 117 (8.12%) 470 (8.30%) 470 (32.64%) Transgender Woman/G irl 75 (2.46%) 75 (9.17%) 81 (2.66%) 81 (9.90%) 200 (6.56%) 200 (24.45%) 16 There are 63 cases where an officer indicated “no search” in the actions during the stop but provided at least one corresponding basis for search subcategory. These cases are excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where search and basis for search are presented. 17 There are 12 cases in the data where the officer indicated that the individual was searched, but the basis for search was NA. These cases are excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where basis for search is presented. Number of Stops Stops with Consent Stops Involving Searches with Consent Number of Searches Identity Searches with Consent Involving Other Subgroup as the Only Basis for Consent Plus Other Plus Other Bases for with Other Group as the Only Basis Discretionary Search Bases for Searches Searches Discretionary Basis Searches 28 puorG egA 01-07 Years 46 (1.28%) 46 (14.60%) 52 (1.44%) 52 (16.51%) 95 (2.64%) 95 (30.16%) 08-11 Years 41 (1.30%) 41 (9.11%) 64 (2.02%) 64 (14.22%) 217 (6.86%) 217 (48.22%) 12-14 Years 283 (2.66%) 283 (8.75%) 352 (3.31%) 352 (10.88%) 1,276 (11.98% ) 1,276 (39.43% ) 15-17 Years 1,715 (2.45% ) 1,715 (10.92% ) 1,636 (2.34% ) 1,636 (10.42% ) 6,456 (9.23%) 6,456 (41.11%) 18-24 Years 11,142 (1.51%) 11,142 (13.46%) 10,278 (1.40%) 10,278 (12.41%) 28,303 (3.84%) 28,303 (34.19%) 25-34 Years 27,058 (1.84%) 27,058 (12.78%) 27,350 (1.86%) 27,350 (12.92%) 63,374 (4.30%) 63,374 (29.93%) 35-44 Years 20,607 (1.82%) 20,607 (12.70%) 21,404 (1.89%) 21,404 (13.19%) 45,330 (4.00%) 45,330 (27.94%) 45-54 Years 10,825 (1.51%) 10,825 (13.75%) 10,520 (1.47%) 10,520 (13.37%) 19,721 (2.75%) 19,721 (25.06%) 55-64 Years 3,960 (1.02%) 3,960 (12.36%) 3,749 (0.96%) 3,749 (11.71%) 7,246 (1.86%) 7,246 (22.62%) 65+ Years 1,031 (0.57%) 1,031 (11.20%) 968 (0.53%) 968 (10.52%) 1,831 (1.00%) 1,831 (19.89%) TBGL LGBT 801 (2.21%) 801 (11.22%) 851 (2.35%) 851 (11.92%) 1,696 (4.69%) 1,696 (23.76%) Non-L GBT 75,907 (1.62% ) 75,907 (12.88% ) 75,522 (1.61% ) 75,522 (12.82% ) 172,153 (3.67% ) 172,153 (29.21% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 71,725 (1.61%) 71,725 (12.83%) 72,370 (1.63%) 72,370 (12.94%) 167,253 (3.76%) 167,253 (29.91%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 4,983 (1.86%) 4,983 (13.38%) 4,003 (1.49%) 4,003 (10.75%) 6,596 (2.46%) 6,596 (17.71%) ytilibasiD Disability 2,018 (4.03%) 2,018 (8.98%) 2,416 (4.83%) 2,416 (10.75%) 7,560 (15.11%) 7,560 (33.65%) No Disability 74,690 (1.60%) 74,690 (13.01%) 73,957 (1.58%) 73,957 (12.89%) 166,289 (3.56%) 166,289 (28.97%) Overall 76,708 (1.62%) 76,708 (12.86%) 76,373 (1.62%) 76,373 (12.81%) 173,849 (3.68%) 173,849 (29.15%) Table A16. Consent Search Discovery Rates by Identity Group Consent Only Other Discretionary Identity Group Subgroup Consent Plus Basis Searches Searches 29 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 419 (21.63%) 541 (32.69%) 843 (29.60%) Black 1,617 (15.27% ) 3,723 (29.76% ) 11,234 (28.20% ) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 7,006 (17.14%) 12,007 (30.15%) 22,174 (28.09%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 201 (17.96%) 300 (28.93%) 557 (27.28%) Multiracial 132 (16.92%) 416 (32.37%) 639 (30.71%) Native Ame rican 43 (18.61%) 82 (35.96%) 258 (35.78%) Pacific Islander 81 (20.93%) 100 (32.68%) 258 (35.68%) White 4,658 (22.41% ) 7,353 (37.65% ) 16,553 (35.48% ) redneG Cisgender Female 2,552 (21.35%) 4,005 (34.61%) 8,409 (32.57%) Cisgender Male 11,547 (17.93%) 20,424 (31.68%) 43,808 (29.79%) Gender Noncon forming 22 (15.38%) 32 (26.02%) 114 (35.51%) Transgender Man/Boy 24 (18.32%) 36 (30.77%) 141 (30.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 12 (16.00%) 24 (29.63%) 44 (22.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 6 (13.04%) 16 (30.77%) 24 (25.26%) 08-11 Years 1 (2.44%) 11 (17.19%) 21 (9.68%) 12-14 Years 38 (13.43% ) 78 (22.16%) 263 (20.61% ) 15-17 Years 235 (13.70%) 480 (29.34%) 1,784 (27.63% ) 18-24 Years 1,322 (11.87% ) 2,953 (28.73% ) 8,475 (29.94%) 25-34 Years 4,724 (17.46%) 8,534 (31.20%) 18,328 (28.92%) 35-44 Years 4,356 (21.14%) 7,234 (33.80%) 14,181 (31.28%) 45-54 Years 2,386 (22.04%) 3,585 (34.08%) 6,448 (32.70%) 55-64 Years 903 (22.80%) 1,306 (34.84%) 2,455 (33.88%) 65+ Years 186 (18.04%) 325 (33.57%) 537 (29.33%) TBGL LGBT 161 (20.10%) 265 (31.14%) 505 (29.78%) Non-L GBT 13,996 (18.44% ) 24,257 (32.12% ) 52,011 (30.21% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 13,144 (18.33%) 23,168 (32.01%) 50,702 (30.31%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 1,013 (20.33%) 1,354 (33.82%) 1,814 (27.50%) ytilibasiD Disability 226 (11.20%) 436 (18.05%) 1,085 (14.35%) No Disabi lity 13,931 (18.65% ) 24,086 (32.57% ) 51,431 (30.93%) Overall 14,157 (18.46%) 24,522 (32.11%) 52,516 (30.21%) Table A17. Stops by Identity Group and Stop Result for Handcuffed Individuals Group Subgroup Arrested No Action Other Total 31 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 8,588 (75.41%) 641 (5.63%) 2,160 (18.97%) 11,389 (100.00%) Black 61,654 (65.74%) 6,538 (6.97% ) 25,596 (27.29%) 93,788 (100.00%) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 154,977 (70.62%) 12,600 (5.74%) 51,890 (23.64%) 219,467 (100.00%) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 5,953 (73.09%) 412 (5.06%) 1,780 (21.85%) 8,145 (100.00%) Multiracial 4,134 (70.52%) 433 (7.39%) 1,295 (22.09%) 5,862 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 2,132 (85.79%) 123 (4.95%) 230 (9.26%) 2,485 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 1,927 (79.89%) 109 (4.52%) 376 (15.59%) 2,412 (100.00%) White 105,922 (77.42% ) 7,739 (5.66% ) 23,153 (16.92% ) 136,814 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 71,787 (75.23%) 4,893 (5.13%) 18,741 (19.64%) 95,421 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 271,268 (71.06%) 23,557 (6.17%) 86,916 (22.77%) 381,741 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 702 (77.40%) 48 (5.29%) 157 (17.31%) 907 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 951 (65.77%) 61 (4.22%) 434 (30.01%) 1,446 (100.00% ) Transgender Woman/G irl 578 (68.32%) 36 (4.26%) 232 (27.42%) 846 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 108 (65.45%) 12 (7.27%) 45 (27.27%) 165 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 68 (25.76%) 18 (6.82%) 178 (67.42%) 264 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 1,373 (47.43% ) 142 (4.91%) 1,380 (47.67% ) 2,895 (100.00% ) 15-17 Years 6,696 (49.82%) 949 (7.06%) 5,796 (43.12%) 13,441 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 40,338 (62.64%) 4,187 (6.50% ) 19,873 (30.86%) 64,398 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 122,242 (71.40%) 10,376 (6.06%) 38,590 (22.54%) 171,208 (100.00%) 35-44 Years 99,066 (75.41%) 7,925 (6.03%) 24,371 (18.55%) 131,362 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 48,495 (77.40%) 3,479 (5.55%) 10,678 (17.04%) 62,652 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 20,809 (79.18%) 1,186 (4.51%) 4,286 (16.31%) 26,281 (100.00%) 65+ Years 6,092 (79.16%) 321 (4.17%) 1,283 (16.67%) 7,696 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 4,952 (74.43%) 349 (5.25%) 1,352 (20.32%) 6,653 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 340,335 (71.84% ) 28,246 (5.96% ) 105,128 (22.19% ) 473,709 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 319,477 (71.26%) 27,238 (6.08%) 101,590 (22.66%) 448,305 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 25,810 (80.51%) 1,357 (4.23%) 4,890 (15.25%) 32,057 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 10,669 (47.16%) 845 (3.74%) 11,108 (49.10%) 22,622 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 334,618 (73.10%) 27,750 (6.06% ) 95,372 (20.84%) 457,740 (100.00%) Overall 345,287 (71.88%) 28,595 (5.95%) 106,480 (22.17% ) 480,362 (100.00%) Table A18. Stops by Identity Group and Action Taken as a Result of Stop Action Taken for No Action Taken for Group Subgroup Total Result of Stop Result of Stop 33 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 259,232 (95.93%) 10,998 (4.07%) 270,230 (100.00%) Black 525,800 (91.72%) 47,493 (8.28%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 1,893,636 (93.12% ) 139,845 (6.88%) 2,033,481 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 229,282 (96.54%) 8,229 (3.46%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 53,469 (93.08%) 3,975 (6.92%) 57,444 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 12,052 (90.90%) 1,207 (9.10%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 25,235 (93.12%) 1,865 (6.88%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 1,405,407 (93.15% ) 103,406 (6.85% ) 1,508,813 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 1,262,568 (93.92%) 81,795 (6.08%) 1,344,363 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 3,124,731 (93.05%) 233,453 (6.95%) 3,358,184 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 8,964 (90.85%) 903 (9.15%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 5,115 (90.31%) 549 (9.69%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 2,732 (89.57%) 318 (10.43%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 2,604 (72.27%) 999 (27.73%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 2,475 (78.20%) 690 (21.80%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 9,349 (87.81%) 1,298 (12.19% ) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 62,771 (89.71%) 7,198 (10.29%) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 686,939 (93.28%) 49,450 (6.72%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 1,369,670 (92.97% ) 103,544 (7.03%) 1,473,214 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 1,056,275 (93.11%) 78,219 (6.89%) 1,134,494 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 671,167 (93.55%) 46,251 (6.45%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 368,880 (94.62%) 20,986 (5.38%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 173,983 (95.40%) 8,383 (4.60%) 182,366 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 32,801 (90.66%) 3,380 (9.34%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 4,371,312 (93.31% ) 313,638 (6.69% ) 4,684,950 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4,151,915 (93.24%) 301,091 (6.76%) 4,453,006 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 252,198 (94.06%) 15,927 (5.94%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 44,702 (89.33%) 5,338 (10.67%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 4,359,411 (93.33% ) 311,680 (6.67%) 4,671,091 (100.00% ) Overall 4,404,113 (93.29%) 317,018 (6.71%) 4,721,131 (100.00%) Table A19. Stops by Identity Group and Stop Result (Top 3)18 19 Group Subgroup Warning Citation Arrest Total 35 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 82,979 (30.71%) 152,818 (56.55%) 23,934 (8.86%) 270,230 (100.00%) Black 206,681 (36.05%) 206,494 (36.02%) 99,399 (17.34%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 655,454 (32.23%) 921,718 (45.33%) 309,526 (15.22%) 2,033,481 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 73,804 (31.07%) 143,118 (60.26%) 13,911 (5.86%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 19,094 (33.24%) 25,730 (44.79%) 8,788 (15.30%) 57,444 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 4,715 (35.56%) 4,030 (30.39%) 3,261 (24.59%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 9,146 (33.75%) 12,273 (45.29%) 3,653 (13.48%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 537,850 (35.65% ) 655,225 (43.43%) 205,704 (13.63% ) 1,508,813 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 439,783 (32.71%) 652,289 (48.52%) 163,412 (12.16%) 1,344,363 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 1,143,521 (34.05% ) 1,462,973 (43.56% ) 501,286 (14.93%) 3,358,184 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 3,262 (33.06%) 4,357 (44.16%) 1,259 (12.76%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 2,167 (38.26%) 1,171 (20.67%) 1,384 (24.44%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 989 (32.43%) 616 (20.20%) 834 (27.34%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 1,225 (34.00%) 963 (26.73%) 290 (8.05%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 984 (31.09%) 616 (19.46%) 188 (5.94%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 1,961 (18.42% ) 1,167 (10.96% ) 3,048 (28.63% ) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 20,079 (28.70%) 22,276 (31.84%) 12,366 (17.67%) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 232,481 (31.57%) 371,138 (50.40%) 81,325 (11.04%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 488,197 (33.14%) 653,513 (44.36%) 223,006 (15.14%) 1,473,214 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 384,471 (33.89%) 484,781 (42.73%) 183,635 (16.19%) 1,134,494 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 254,025 (35.41%) 316,698 (44.14%) 99,716 (13.90%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 135,558 (34.77%) 184,781 (47.40%) 47,848 (12.27%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 70,742 (38.79%) 85,473 (46.87%) 16,754 (9.19%) 182,366 (100.00%) TBGL LGBT 10,964 (30.30%) 11,481 (31.73%) 9,052 (25.02%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 1,578,759 (33.70% ) 2,109,925 (45.04% ) 659,124 (14.07% ) 4,684,950 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,497,374 (33.63%) 2,003,880 (45.00%) 625,211 (14.04%) 4,453,006 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 92,349 (34.44%) 117,526 (43.83%) 42,965 (16.02%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 9,007 (18.00%) 3,750 (7.49%) 14,109 (28.20%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disabi lity 1,580,716 (33.84% ) 2,117,656 (45.34% ) 654,067 (14.00%) 4,671,091 (100.00% ) Overall 1,589,723 (33.67%) 2,121,406 (44.93%) 668,176 (14.15%) 4,721,131 (100.00%) 18 There are 4 cases in the data where all results of stop are NA, therefore these cases are excluded from this analysis. This footnote applies to every table where any results of stop are presented. 19 Officers may select stop results that apply to the stop. Therefore, the percentages in each row are not expected to add up to 100%. Table A20. Stop Duration by Identity Group20 Identity Group Subgroup Stop Duration Mean (SD) 37 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 15 (51) Black 23 (61) Hispan ic/Latine(x) 19 (56) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 17 (61) Multiracial 18 (57) Native Ame rican 27 (76) Pacific Islander 22 (82) White 19 (61) redneG Cisgender Female 18 (58) Cisgender Male 20 (58) Gender Noncon forming 25 (85) Transgender Man/Boy 36 (104) Transgender Woman/G irl 35 (90) puorG egA 01-07 Years 21 (57) 08-11 Years 28 (44) 12-14 Years 46 (69) 15-17 Years 32 (73) 18-24 Years 19 (61) 25-34 Years 20 (58) 35-44 Years 20 (58) 45-54 Years 19 (58) 55-64 Years 17 (54) 65+ Years 16 (54) TBGL LGBT 25 (69) Non-L GBT 19 (58) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 19 (59) Limited/No En glish Fluency 21 (49) ytilibasiD Disability 48 (81) No Disabi lity 19 (58) Overall 19 (58) 20 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. Table A21. Use of Force by Identity Group (Force Type) Identity Subgroup Lethal Force Less Lethal Force Limited Force None Total Group 39 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 10 (0.00%) 547 (0.20%) 13,279 (4.91%) 256,393 (94.88%) 270,229 (100.00%) Black 61 (0.01%) 6,108 (1.07% ) 96,542 (16.84%) 470,582 (82.08%) 573,293 (100.00%) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 135 (0.01%) 11,613 (0.57%) 234,876 (11.55%) 1,786,858 (87.87% ) 2,033,482 (100.00% ) Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3 (0.00%) 416 (0.18%) 9,844 (4.14%) 227,248 (95.68%) 237,511 (100.00%) Multiracial 5 (0.01%) 341 (0.59%) 6,528 (11.36%) 50,569 (88.03%) 57,443 (100.00%) Native Ame rican 1 (0.01%) 92 (0.69%) 2,580 (19.46%) 10,586 (79.84%) 13,259 (100.00%) Pacific Islander 3 (0.01%) 171 (0.63%) 2,561 (9.45%) 24,365 (89.91%) 27,100 (100.00%) White 62 (0.00%) 5,813 (0.39% ) 152,374 (10.10% ) 1,350,567 (89.51% ) 1,508,816 (100.00% ) redneG Cisgender Female 41 (0.00%) 3,946 (0.29%) 109,779 (8.17%) 1,230,598 (91.54%) 1,344,364 (100.00%) Cisgender Male 236 (0.01%) 20,999 (0.63%) 405,457 (12.07%) 2,931,494 (87.29%) 3,358,186 (100.00%) Gender Noncon forming 2 (0.02%) 42 (0.43%) 1,029 (10.43%) 8,794 (89.13%) 9,867 (100.00%) Transgender Man/Boy 1 (0.02%) 76 (1.34%) 1,452 (25.64%) 4,135 (73.00%) 5,664 (100.00%) Transgender Woman/G irl 0 (0.00%) 38 (1.25%) 866 (28.39%) 2,146 (70.36%) 3,050 (100.00%) puorG egA 01-07 Years 0 (0.00%) 8 (0.22%) 310 (8.60%) 3,285 (91.17%) 3,603 (100.00%) 08-11 Years 0 (0.00%) 9 (0.28%) 378 (11.94%) 2,778 (87.77%) 3,165 (100.00%) 12-14 Years 3 (0.03%) 198 (1.86% ) 2,887 (27.12% ) 7,559 (71.00%) 10,647 (100.00%) 15-17 Years 9 (0.01%) 1,280 (1.83% ) 13,519 (19.32%) 55,161 (78.84%) 69,969 (100.00%) 18-24 Years 37 (0.01%) 4,170 (0.57%) 70,332 (9.55%) 661,850 (89.88%) 736,389 (100.00%) 25-34 Years 92 (0.01%) 8,895 (0.60%) 182,478 (12.39% ) 1,281,750 (87.00% ) 1,473,215 (100.00% ) 35-44 Years 88 (0.01%) 6,599 (0.58%) 140,464 (12.38%) 987,344 (87.03%) 1,134,495 (100.00%) 45-54 Years 37 (0.01%) 2,720 (0.38%) 69,118 (9.63%) 645,543 (89.98%) 717,418 (100.00%) 55-64 Years 11 (0.00%) 969 (0.25%) 29,565 (7.58%) 359,321 (92.17%) 389,866 (100.00%) 65+ Years 3 (0.00%) 253 (0.14%) 9,533 (5.23%) 172,577 (94.63%) 182,366 (100.00%) Identity Subgroup Lethal Force Less Lethal Force Limited Force None Total Group 40 TBGL LGBT 5 (0.01%) 290 (0.80%) 6,832 (18.88%) 29,054 (80.30%) 36,181 (100.00%) Non-L GBT 275 (0.01% ) 24,811 (0.53% ) 511,752 (10.92% ) 4,148,114 (88.54% ) 4,684,952 (100.00% ) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 267 (0.01%) 23,587 (0.53%) 473,594 (10.64%) 3,955,560 (88.83%) 4,453,008 (100.00%) Limited/No En glish Fluency 13 (0.00%) 1,514 (0.56%) 44,990 (16.78%) 221,608 (82.65%) 268,125 (100.00%) ytilibasiD Disability 8 (0.02%) 914 (1.83%) 22,482 (44.93%) 26,636 (53.23%) 50,040 (100.00%) No Disability 272 (0.01%) 24,187 (0.52%) 496,102 (10.62%) 4,150,532 (88.86%) 4,671,093 (100.00%) Overall 280 (0.01%) 25,101 (0.53%) 518,584 (10.98%) 4,177,168 (88.48%) 4,721,133 (100.00%) Table A22. Agency Stop Count Frequency and Differences between 2022 and 2023 Due to its large size, Table A22 is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025.xlsx Table A23. Civilians' Complaints Against Peace Officers 2019-2023 Due to its large size, Table A23 is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025.xlsx Table A24. Disposition Types of Racial and Identity Profiling Complaints in 2023 Due to its large size, Table A24 is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025.xlsx Table A25. Offense Codes in Youth Analyses by Offense Category Due to its large size, Table A25 is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025.xlsx 41 Appendix B- Report Body Descriptive Tables, Policy Section Table B1. Total Stops by Age (Youth, Under 25) Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Total Under 25 Stops 3,603 3,165 10,647 69,969 736,389 823,773 Table B1b. Total Stops by Age (Adults 25 and Up) Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Total 25+ Stops 1,473,215 1,134,497 717,418 389,866 182,366 3,897,362 Table B2. Total Stops by Age (Youth, Under 25) by Race and Ethnicity Total Under Race/Ethnicity Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 25 Asian 258 161 303 2,173 36,965 39,860 Black 383 500 1,768 7,767 82,317 92,735 Hispanic/Latine(x) 1,734 1,436 5,604 33,132 380,426 422,332 Middle Eastern/South 116 131 161 2,178 32,792 35,378 Asian Multiracial 111 69 183 1,013 9,839 11,215 Native American 11 9 53 198 1,870 2,141 Pacific Islander 22 18 53 339 4,098 4,530 White 968 841 2,522 23,169 188,082 215,582 All Youth 3,603 3,165 10,647 69,969 736,389 823,773 42 Table B2b. Total Stops by Age (Adults 25 and Up) by Race and Ethnicity Race/Ethnicity Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Total 25+ Asian 73,905 63,798 49,451 28,185 15,031 230,370 Black 211,482 137,057 76,928 40,853 14,238 480,558 Hispanic/Latine(x) 703,670 483,895 275,774 113,760 34,051 1,611,150 Middle 76,146 62,342 38,599 17,980 7,066 202,133 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 19,246 13,725 7,792 3,751 1,715 46,229 Native American 3,693 3,349 2,366 1,185 525 11,118 Pacific Islander 8,483 6,964 4,289 1,993 841 22,570 White 376,590 363,367 262,219 182,159 108,899 1,293,234 All Adults 1,473,215 1,134,497 717,418 389,866 182,366 3,897,362 Table B3. Total Stops by Age (Youth, Under 25) and Gender Gender Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Total Under 25 Cisgender Fem ale 1,300 1,014 3,495 18,928 210,350 235,087 Cisgender Male 2,272 2,126 7,023 50,561 522,742 584,724 Gender 28 13 51 209 1,832 2,133 Nonconforming Transgender 2 8 50 189 961 1,210 Man/Boy Transgend er 1 4 28 82 504 619 Woman/Girl Total 3,603 3,165 10,647 69,969 736,389 823,773 43 Table B3b. Total Stops by Age (Adult, 25 and up) and Gender Gender Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Total 25+ Cisgender Fem ale 413,852 330,484 203,638 105,903 55,401 1,109,278 Cisgender Male 1,052,592 799,964 511,576 282,861 126,469 2,773,462 Gender 3,533 2,039 1,197 663 302 7,734 Nonconforming Transgender 2,031 1,287 698 304 134 4,454 Man/Boy Transgend er 1,206 722 308 135 60 2,431 Woman/Girl Total 1,473,215 1,134,497 717,418 389,866 182,366 3,897,362 Table B4. Total Stops by Age (Adult, 25 and up) by Other Perceived Identities Perceived Total Under Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity 25 LGBT 19 34 180 709 6,434 7,376 Non-LGBT 3,584 3,131 10,467 69,260 729,955 816,397 English Fluent 3,318 2,970 10,232 67,544 708,882 792,946 Limited/No 285 195 415 2,425 27,507 30,827 English Fluency Disability 61 224 730 1,396 3,968 6,379 No Disability 3,542 2,941 9,917 68,573 732,421 817,394 All Youth 3,603 3,165 10,647 69,969 736,389 823,773 Table B4b. Total Stops by Age (Adult, 25 and up) by Other Perceived Identities Perceived Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Total 25+ Identity LGBT 14,288 7,957 3,928 1,892 740 28,805 Non-LGBT 1,458,927 1,126,540 713,490 387,974 181,626 3,868,557 English Fluent 1,401,068 1,062,968 663,288 362,117 170,623 3,660,064 Limited/No 72,147 71,529 54,130 27,749 11,743 237,298 English Fluency Disability 13,287 12,466 8,329 5,723 3,856 43,661 No Disability 1,459,928 1,122,031 709,089 384,143 178,510 3,853,701 All Adults 1,473,215 1,134,497 717,418 389,866 182,366 3,897,362 45 Table B5. Percentage of Youth Search Requests with Consent Received by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 47 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 83.33% 100.00% 92.31% 89.53% 89.14% Black 93.75% 85.71% 86.82% 89.89% 91.97% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 97.30% 79.45% 86.61% 87.70% 91.91% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 100.00% 100.00% 87.50% 88.06% 84.03% Multiracial 100.00% 66.67% 100.00% 85.56% 87.65% Native Ame rican 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 86.21% Pacific Islander 0.00% --- 100.00% 100.00% 81.36% White 83.33% 86.67 % 85.00% 87.11% 86.71% redneG Cisgender Female 100.00% 72.97% 88.19% 85.53% 88.45% Cisgender Male 91.89% 86.14% 86.83% 88.46% 91.52% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 100.00% 85.71% 100.00% 75.00% Transgender Man/Boy --- 100.00% 66.67% 72.73% 82.14% Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- 50.00% 100.00% 83.33% TBGL LGBT --- 100.00% 73.91% 94.74% 90.13% Non-L GBT 92.59 % 82.35% 87.25% 87.89% 91.04% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 92.25% 82.58% 86.92% 88.23% 91.03% Limited/No En glish Fluency 100.00% 87.50% 86.11% 82.52% 90.93% ytilibasiD Disability 100.00% 100.00% 87.50% 91.18% 89.94% No Disability 92.25% 81.68% 86.83% 87.85% 91.05% Overall 92.59% 82.86% 86.88% 87.97% 91.03% Table B5b. Percentage of Adult Search Requests with Consent Received by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 49 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 87.68% 87.93% 89.88% 90.51% 88.68% Black 90.83% 88.68% 89.30% 88.00% 90.37% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 91.90% 91.66% 92.22% 91.69% 92.38% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 87.49% 88.51% 90.15% 87.22% 81.82% Multiracial 89.16% 89.66% 89.74% 90.74% 85.71% Native Ame rican 81.18% 79.90% 86.33% 78.00% 62.50% Pacific Islander 87.07% 86.02% 86.23% 88.10% 77.78% White 86.00% 85.79% 86.64% 85.85% 85.10% redneG Cisgender Female 88.23% 86.80% 87.35% 86.61% 84.53% Cisgender Male 90.66% 89.74% 89.95% 88.28% 88.12% Gender Noncon forming 75.52% 73.91% 85.29% 77.78% 80.00% Transgender Man/Boy 84.31% 82.18% 85.00% 78.57% 42.86% Transgender Woman/G irl 78.38% 88.89% 90.48% 75.00% 66.67% TBGL LGBT 88.59% 89.49% 91.30% 89.19% 73.08% Non-L GBT 90.26% 89.21% 89.49% 87.97% 87.50% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 90.26% 89.08% 89.43% 87.91% 87.26% Limited/No En glish Fluency 89.94% 91.38% 90.54% 89.02% 88.41% ytilibasiD Disability 88.57% 86.99% 88.87% 88.39% 84.95% No Disability 90.28% 89.28% 89.53% 87.96% 87.64% Overall 90.24% 89.22% 89.50% 87.98% 87.35% Table B6. Reason for Stop by Age (Youth, Under 25) and All Identity Groups Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Identity Subgroup Group Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Other Reasons Other Reasons Other Reasons Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion 51 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 227 15 16 121 31 9 107 151 45 Black 271 78 34 210 215 75 170 1,288 310 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1,369 245 120 900 375 161 1,095 3,589 920 Middle 101 11 4 119 8 4 59 84 18 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 89 16 6 46 12 11 35 105 43 Native Ame rican 10 1 0 6 3 0 11 27 15 Pacific Islander 16 4 2 13 3 2 12 30 11 White 799 12 0 49 490 24 3 10 8 796 1,29 6 430 redneG Cisgender Female 1,095 121 84 621 256 137 538 2,185 772 Cisgender Male 1,768 362 142 1,277 621 228 1,736 4,292 995 Gender 17 6 5 3 8 2 6 37 8 Nonconforming Transgender 2 0 0 3 3 2 5 36 9 Man/Boy Transgend er 0 1 0 1 2 1 0 20 8 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 12 6 1 14 12 8 14 123 43 Non-L GBT 2,87 0 48 4 23 0 1,89 1 878 36 2 2,27 1 6,447 1,74 9 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 2,638 455 225 1,780 836 354 2,184 6,311 1,737 Limited/No En glish 244 35 6 125 54 16 101 259 55 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 11 39 11 5 148 71 8 510 212 No Disabi lity 2,87 1 451 220 1,90 0 742 299 2,27 7 6,060 1,580 Overall 2,882 490 231 1,905 890 370 2,285 6,570 1,792 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Subgroup Group Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Other Reasons Other Reasons Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion 52 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1,599 477 96 34,521 2,120 324 Black 2,842 4,194 731 65,662 14,278 2,377 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 18,125 12,152 2,855 335,349 37,461 7,616 Middle 1,841 284 53 31,286 1,322 184 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 551 367 95 8,662 995 182 Native Ame rican 97 70 31 1,577 229 64 Pacific Islander 215 97 27 3,651 370 77 White 17,66 9 4,36 8 1,13 2 170,89 9 14,58 8 2,59 5 redneG Cisgender Female 11,436 5,879 1,613 188,155 19,198 2,997 Cisgender Male 31,354 15,869 3,337 460,884 51,550 10,308 Gender 89 92 28 1,626 166 40 Nonconforming Transgender 47 112 30 658 262 41 Man/Boy Transgend er 13 57 12 284 187 33 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 228 360 121 5,031 1,181 222 Non-L GBT 42,71 1 21,64 9 4,899 646,57 6 70,182 13,19 7 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 41,389 21,290 4,864 628,278 67,746 12,858 Limited/No En glish 1,550 719 156 23,329 3,617 561 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 73 946 377 848 2,412 708 No Disabi lity 42,86 6 21,06 3 4,643 650,75 9 68,951 12,71 1 Overall 42,939 22,009 5,020 651,607 71,363 13,419 Table B6b. Reason for Stop by Age (Adult, 25 and up) and All Identity Groups Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Identity Subgroup Group Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Other Reasons Other Reasons Other Reasons Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion 53 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 68,412 4,586 907 58,442 4,348 1,008 45,973 2,889 589 Black 165,231 38,783 7,468 103,920 27,633 5,504 58,525 15,368 3,035 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 590,340 89,410 23,920 399,342 65,144 19,409 235,801 31,158 8,815 Middle 71,924 3,586 636 58,586 3,160 596 36,604 1,718 277 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 15,846 2,723 677 11,010 2,186 529 6,435 1,092 265 Native Ame rican 2,693 677 323 2,301 733 315 1,689 487 190 Pacific Islander 7,184 1,055 244 5,824 882 258 3,662 468 159 White 306,98 9 54,388 15,21 3 284,15 3 60,63 0 18,58 4 211,55 8 39,49 6 11,16 5 redneG Cisgender Female 358,488 45,500 9,864 282,501 38,507 9,476 176,898 21,703 5,037 Cisgender Male 865,286 148,073 39,233 638,308 125,157 36,499 421,791 70,438 19,347 Gender 3,001 430 102 1,692 266 81 982 169 46 Nonconforming Transgender 1,208 707 116 728 475 84 416 239 43 Man/Boy Transgend er 636 497 73 348 311 63 159 127 22 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 10,095 3,456 737 5,317 2,150 490 2,715 989 224 Non-L GBT 1,218,52 4 191,75 2 48,65 1 918,26 1 162,56 6 45,71 3 597,53 2 91,68 7 24,27 1 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,169,148 184,486 47,434 864,565 154,275 44,128 554,212 85,970 23,106 Limited/No En glish 59,471 10,722 1,954 59,013 10,441 2,075 46,035 6,706 1,389 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 2,524 8,787 1,976 2,475 8,145 1,846 1,869 5,249 1,211 No Disabi lity 1,226,09 5 186,42 1 47,412 921,10 3 156,57 1 44,357 598,37 8 87,427 23,284 Overall 1,228,619 195,208 49,388 923,578 164,716 46,203 600,247 92,676 24,495 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Subgroup Group Traffic Reasonable Traffic Reasonable Other Reasons Other Reasons Violation Suspicion Violation Suspicion 54 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 26,539 1,402 244 14,218 704 109 Black 31,156 8,113 1,584 11,566 2,244 428 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 100,886 10,178 2,696 30,727 2,649 675 Middle 17,162 712 106 6,771 251 44 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 3,245 407 99 1,561 127 27 Native Ame rican 877 233 75 461 40 24 Pacific Islander 1,729 205 59 750 76 15 White 152,58 0 23,67 8 5,90 1 97,35 2 9,49 1 2,05 6 redneG Cisgender Female 93,612 10,117 2,174 50,463 4,089 849 Cisgender Male 239,719 34,594 8,548 112,540 11,409 2,520 Gender 582 62 19 279 20 3 Nonconforming Transgender 178 110 16 86 42 6 Man/Boy Transgend er 83 45 7 38 22 0 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 1,386 421 85 588 126 26 Non-L GBT 332,78 8 44,50 7 10,67 9 162,81 8 15,45 6 3,35 2 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 309,981 41,943 10,193 153,038 14,419 3,166 Limited/No En glish 24,193 2,985 571 10,368 1,163 212 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 1,422 3,511 790 1,248 2,097 511 No Disabi lity 332,75 2 41,417 9,974 162,15 8 13,485 2,867 Overall 334,174 44,928 10,764 163,406 15,582 3,378 Table B7. Youth Searched When Consent Asked for but Not Given by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 55 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.00% --- 100.00% 55.56% 61.29% Black 100.00% 75.00 % 88.24% 69.35% 56.82% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 50.00% 66.67% 60.94% 58.36% 60.54% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian --- --- 100.00% 75.00% 52.46% Multiracial --- 100.00 % --- 61.54% 60.38% Native Ame rican --- --- --- --- 50.00% Pacific Islander 0.00% --- --- --- 63.64% White 80.00% 25.00 % 62.50 % 63.22 % 62.47% redneG Cisgender Female --- 70.00% 67.86% 56.25% 66.10% Cisgender Male 55.56 % 57.14% 65.79% 61.77% 58.87% Gender Noncon forming 100.00% --- 0.00% --- 42.86% Transgender Man/Boy --- --- 100.00% 66.67 % 50.00% Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- 100.00% --- 83.33% TBGL LGBT --- --- 100.00% 66.67% 54.84% Non-L GBT 60.00 % 62.50 % 65.05% 60.63% 60.18% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 60.00% 60.87% 67.31% 61.02% 59.76% Limited/No En glish Fluency --- 100.00% 60.00% 55.56% 66.92% ytilibasiD Disability --- --- 75.00% 60.00% 55.32% No Disabi lity 60.00 % 62.50 % 66.34% 60.68% 60.20% Overall 60.00% 62.50% 66.97% 60.66% 60.12% Table B7b. Adult Searched When Consent Asked for but Not Given by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 57 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 60.69% 52.63% 62.96% 78.57% 58.33% Black 62.52% 62.01% 62.98% 60.80% 55.88% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 64.90% 64.70% 65.56% 60.67% 57.14% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 56.92% 58.95% 64.10% 52.94% 33.33% Multiracial 62.75% 72.37% 77.14% 80.00% 80.00% Native Ame rican 71.88% 58.54% 47.37% 54.55% 33.33% Pacific Islander 39.02% 53.85% 60.87% 80.00% 0.00% White 64.46% 62.89% 62.36% 62.11% 62.72% redneG Cisgender Female 65.00% 63.80% 65.28% 66.51% 59.42% Cisgender Male 63.85% 63.07% 63.22% 61.27% 61.48% Gender Noncon forming 57.14% 54.17% 50.00% 25.00% 100.00% Transgender Man/Boy 50.00% 50.00% 33.33% 33.33% 0.00% Transgender Woman/G irl 56.25% 66.67% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% TBGL LGBT 65.14% 63.33% 55.00% 62.50% 28.57% Non-L GBT 63.94% 63.14% 63.60% 62.04% 60.92% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 63.68% 62.95% 62.81% 61.34% 60.39% Limited/No En glish Fluency 69.04% 66.89% 74.86% 72.97% 58.33% ytilibasiD Disability 56.11% 65.79% 66.36% 55.38% 59.52% No Disabi lity 64.16% 63.06% 63.44% 62.41% 60.34% Overall 63.96% 63.14% 63.55% 62.04% 60.24% Table B8. Total Stops Including Handcuffing Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 59 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3 8 49 175 1,247 Black 20 74 765 3,041 13,533 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 98 113 1,519 7,916 37,882 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3 1 23 136 914 Multiracial 4 4 58 220 784 Native Ame rican 0 0 26 68 259 Pacific Islander 0 0 8 40 300 White 37 64 44 7 1,84 5 9,479 redneG Cisgender Female 30 63 818 2,845 13,143 Cisgender Male 134 199 2,035 10,454 50,752 Gender Noncon forming 1 0 12 42 156 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 16 73 205 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 2 14 27 142 TBGL LGBT 3 3 60 209 965 Non-L GBT 16 2 26 1 2,83 5 13,23 2 63,43 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 160 259 2,821 13,005 60,401 Limited/No En glish Fluency 5 5 74 436 3,997 ytilibasiD Disability 12 56 291 610 2,011 No Disability 153 208 2,604 12,831 62,387 Overall 165 264 2,895 13,441 64,398 Table B8b. Total Stops Including Handcuffing Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 60 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3,633 3,360 1,865 757 292 Black 35,697 22,749 11,189 5,381 1,339 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 85,133 56,342 22,716 6,367 1,381 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2,902 2,444 1,137 442 143 Multiracial 2,219 1,588 710 224 51 Native Ame rican 753 765 421 168 25 Pacific Islander 881 682 342 121 38 White 39,99 0 43,43 3 24,27 2 12,82 1 4,42 7 redneG Cisgender Female 33,587 25,944 12,259 5,121 1,611 Cisgender Male 136,360 104,643 50,065 21,046 6,054 Gender Noncon forming 326 217 110 35 8 Transgender Man/Boy 580 355 147 51 19 Transgender Woman/G irl 354 204 71 28 4 TBGL LGBT 2,868 1,612 638 234 61 Non-L GBT 168,34 0 129,75 1 62,01 4 26,04 7 7,63 5 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 160,581 122,184 57,503 24,292 7,100 Limited/No En glish Fluency 10,627 9,179 5,149 1,989 596 ytilibasiD Disability 6,992 6,151 3,599 2,047 853 No Disabi lity 164,21 6 125,21 2 59,053 24,234 6,843 Overall 171,208 131,363 62,652 26,281 7,696 Table B9. Percentage of Stops Including Youth Handcuffing by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 61 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1.16% 4.97% 16.17% 8.05% 3.37% Black 5.22% 14.80% 43.27% 39.15% 16.44% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 5.65% 7.87% 27.11% 23.89% 9.96% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2.59% 0.76% 14.29% 6.24% 2.79% Multiracial 3.60% 5.80% 31.69% 21.72% 7.97% Native Ame rican 0.00% 0.00% 49.06% 34.34% 13.85% Pacific Islander 0.00% 0.00% 15.09% 11.80% 7.32% White 3.82% 7.61% 17.72% 7.96% 5.04% redneG Cisgender Female 2.31% 6.21% 23.40% 15.03% 6.25% Cisgender Male 5.90% 9.36% 28.98% 20.68% 9.71% Gender Noncon forming 3.57% 0.00% 23.53% 20.10% 8.52% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 32.00% 38.62% 21.33% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 50.00% 50.00% 32.93% 28.17% TBGL LGBT 15.79% 8.82% 33.33% 29.48% 15.00% Non-L GBT 4.52% 8.34% 27.09% 19.10% 8.69% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4.82% 8.72% 27.57% 19.25% 8.52% Limited/No En glish Fluency 1.75% 2.56% 17.83% 17.98% 14.53% ytilibasiD Disability 19.67% 25.00% 39.86% 43.70% 50.68% No Disabi lity 4.32% 7.07% 26.26% 18.71% 8.52% Overall 4.58% 8.34% 27.19% 19.21% 8.75% Table B9b. Percentage of Stops Including Adults Handcuffing by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Ages 45-54 Ages 55-64 Ages 65+ 63 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 4.92% 5.27% 3.77% 2.69% 1.94% Black 16.88% 16.60% 14.54% 13.17% 9.40% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 12.10% 11.64% 8.24% 5.60% 4.06% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3.81% 3.92% 2.95% 2.46% 2.02% Multiracial 11.53% 11.57% 9.11% 5.97% 2.97% Native Ame rican 20.39% 22.84% 17.79% 14.18% 4.76% Pacific Islander 10.39% 9.79% 7.97% 6.07% 4.52% White 10.62% 11.95% 9.26% 7.04% 4.07% redneG Cisgender Female 8.12% 7.85% 6.02% 4.84% 2.91% Cisgender Male 12.95% 13.08% 9.79% 7.44% 4.79% Gender Noncon forming 9.23% 10.64% 9.19% 5.28% 2.65% Transgender Man/Boy 28.56% 27.58% 21.06% 16.78% 14.18% Transgender Woman/G irl 29.35% 28.25% 23.05% 20.74% 6.67% TBGL LGBT 20.07% 20.26% 16.24% 12.37% 8.24% Non-L GBT 11.54% 11.52% 8.69% 6.71% 4.20% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 11.46% 11.49% 8.67% 6.71% 4.16% Limited/No En glish Fluency 14.73% 12.83% 9.51% 7.17% 5.08% ytilibasiD Disability 52.62% 49.34% 43.21% 35.77% 22.12% No Disability 11.25% 11.16% 8.33% 6.31% 3.83% Overall 11.62% 11.58% 8.73% 6.74% 4.22% Table B10. Percentage of Youth Stops Including Consent Only Searches by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 65 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1.16% 0.62% 1.98% 1.33% 0.71% Black 2.09% 1.80% 2.38% 2.52% 2.08% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1.56% 1.25% 3.03% 3.42% 1.96% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.00% 0.00% 3.11% 1.33% 0.44% Multiracial 1.80% 1.45% 1.64% 2.67% 1.17% Native Ame rican 0.00% 11.11% 0.00% 3.03% 1.39% Pacific Islander 0.00% 5.56% 0.00% 3.24% 1.39% White 0.62% 1.19% 2.26% 1.23% 0.72% redneG Cisgender Female 0.54% 0.89% 2.52% 1.56% 0.70% Cisgender Male 1.72% 1.51% 2.71% 2.77% 1.84% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 0.00% 5.88% 5.26% 0.98% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 2.00% 2.12% 2.19% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 0.00% 3.57% 2.44% 2.18% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 0.00% 3.33% 2.26% 1.65% Non-L GBT 1.28% 1.31% 2.65% 2.45% 1.51% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1.36% 1.28% 2.60% 2.41% 1.48% Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.35% 1.54% 4.10% 3.55% 2.37% ytilibasiD Disability 8.20% 2.23% 3.70% 4.37% 4.79% No Disability 1.16% 1.22% 2.58% 2.41% 1.50% Overall 1.28% 1.30% 2.66% 2.45% 1.51% Table B10b. Percentage of Adult Stops Including Consent Only Searches by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 66 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.73% 0.88% 0.74% 0.43% 0.30% Black 2.10% 1.72% 1.58% 1.23% 0.79% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 2.19% 2.18% 1.71% 0.99% 0.71% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.59% 0.45% 0.40% 0.21% 0.21% Multiracial 1.46% 1.57% 1.23% 0.69% 0.76% Native Ame rican 1.41% 2.18% 2.16% 1.60% 0.57% Pacific Islander 1.63% 1.42% 1.45% 0.90% 0.12% White 1.52% 1.78% 1.59% 1.16% 0.55% redneG Cisgender Female 0.98% 1.04% 0.87% 0.60% 0.36% Cisgender Male 2.17% 2.14% 1.76% 1.17% 0.66% Gender Noncon forming 1.39% 1.52% 1.75% 1.06% 0.99% Transgender Man/Boy 2.41% 2.33% 2.15% 2.96% 1.49% Transgender Woman/G irl 2.24% 3.05% 2.27% 3.70% 0.00% TBGL LGBT 2.41% 2.46% 2.32% 1.74% 1.22% Non-L GBT 1.83% 1.81% 1.50% 1.01% 0.56% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1.82% 1.80% 1.50% 1.02% 0.55% Limited/No En glish Fluency 2.16% 2.02% 1.56% 0.99% 0.79% ytilibasiD Disability 4.02% 4.28% 4.01% 3.84% 2.83% No Disabi lity 1.82% 1.79% 1.48% 0.97% 0.52% Overall 1.84% 1.82% 1.51% 1.02% 0.57% Table B11. Percentage of Youth Searches by Age Group With Consent Only Basis by Race and Ethnicity Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 67 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 20.00% 7.69% 8.33% 12.95% 17.07% Black 16.33% 7.63% 5.83% 6.23% 9.83% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 15.98% 8.74% 9.55% 11.81% 14.95% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.00% 0.00% 15.15% 16.38% 13.41% Multiracial 20.00% 14.29% 4.69% 11.11% 10.76% Native Ame rican 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 10.00% 8.55% Pacific Islander 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 21.57% 15.75% White 9.68% 10.00% 10.63% 12.84% 12.25% redneG Cisgender Female 9.86% 8.04% 9.77% 10.24% 10.37% Cisgender Male 16.18% 9.64% 8.33% 11.09% 14.14% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 0.00% 17.65% 17.74% 10.06% Transgender Man/Boy --- 0.00% 4.35% 5.80% 9.95% Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- 7.14% 5.41% 8.33% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 0.00% 8.96% 6.96% 10.56% Non-L GBT 14.70% 9.23% 8.74% 10.98% 13.49% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 15.00% 8.74% 8.43% 10.76% 13.43% Limited/No En glish Fluency 6.67% 20.00% 20.73% 15.11% 13.95% ytilibasiD Disability 31.25% 8.33% 9.00% 9.58% 9.91% No Disability 13.71% 9.23% 8.72% 10.98% 13.54% Overall 14.60% 9.11% 8.75% 10.92% 13.46% Table B11b. Percentage of Adult Searches by Age Group with Consent Only Basis by Race and Ethnicity Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 69 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 13.38% 14.15% 16.26% 13.96% 13.16% Black 10.16% 9.17% 9.75% 8.63% 7.78% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 14.34% 14.66% 15.85% 14.07% 14.24% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 14.12% 10.51% 12.38% 8.78% 9.49% Multiracial 10.37% 11.04% 10.65% 9.56% 17.81% Native Ame rican 6.01% 8.55% 9.75% 10.05% 7.14% Pacific Islander 13.08% 11.99% 14.19% 12.24% 2.70% White 11.78% 11.91% 13.38% 12.95% 11.08% redneG Cisgender Female 10.87% 11.51% 12.23% 11.05% 10.41% Cisgender Male 13.22% 12.99% 14.11% 12.62% 11.38% Gender Noncon forming 11.42% 11.36% 15.22% 16.28% 23.08% Transgender Man/Boy 8.25% 8.65% 11.28% 18.75% 16.67% Transgender Woman/G irl 8.23% 10.58% 9.86% 21.74% 0.00% TBGL LGBT 11.15% 11.17% 13.27% 13.81% 14.06% Non-L GBT 12.80% 12.72% 13.76% 12.35% 11.18% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 12.78% 12.65% 13.72% 12.37% 11.01% Limited/No En glish Fluency 12.82% 13.41% 14.13% 12.27% 13.60% ytilibasiD Disability 8.11% 8.78% 9.14% 10.16% 10.26% No Disability 12.93% 12.85% 13.98% 12.52% 11.32% Overall 12.78% 12.70% 13.75% 12.36% 11.20% Table B12. Total Stops Including Curbside Detention Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 71 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 11 12 52 193 1,064 Black 49 81 381 1,611 9,298 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 141 146 1,281 6,481 29,862 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 7 8 32 132 801 Multiracial 11 9 33 157 637 Native Ame rican 1 1 15 24 137 Pacific Islander 1 1 11 48 190 White 56 74 460 1,95 0 8,775 redneG Cisgender Female 77 95 556 2,267 11,543 Cisgender Male 197 234 1,691 8,258 38,977 Gender Noncon forming 2 3 7 20 62 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 9 37 111 Transgender Woman/G irl 1 0 2 14 71 TBGL LGBT 3 5 32 108 522 Non-L GBT 27 4 32 7 2,23 3 10,48 8 50,24 2 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 256 308 2,168 10,201 48,124 Limited/No En glish Fluency 21 24 97 395 2,640 ytilibasiD Disability 12 24 83 183 649 No Disability 265 308 2,182 10,413 50,115 Overall 277 332 2,265 10,596 50,764 Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 72 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 13.79% 14.50% Black 25.00% 11.11% 11.90% 15.31% 10.35% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 7.41% 0.00% 15.29% 13.42% 11.16% Middle --- --- 0.00% 3.45% 11.11% Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 7.41% 10.43% Native Ame rican --- 0.00% --- 0.00% 11.54% Pacific Islander --- 0.00% --- 27.27% 12.28% White 33.33 % 0.00% 12.28 % 15.14% 17.33% redneG Cisgender Female 14.29% 0.00% 13.64% 11.86% 16.04% Cisgender Male 12.82% 3.12% 13.68% 14.18% 11.21% Gender --- --- 0.00% 9.09% 0.00% Nonconforming Transgender --- --- 0.00% 0.00% 23.81% Man/Boy Transgend er --- --- 0.00% 0.00% 18.18% Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT --- --- 0.00% 6.25% 19.81% Non-L GBT 13.04 % 2.44% 13.72% 13.77% 11.79% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 13.33% 2.63% 13.16% 13.69% 11.52% Limited/No En glish 0.00% 0.00% 17.65% 13.95% 17.48% Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 0.00% 0.00% 3.70% 3.28% 10.00% No Disabi lity 14.63% 2.78% 14.45% 14.09% 11.90% Overall 13.04% 2.44% 13.43% 13.70% 11.87% Table B12b. Total Stops Including Curbside Detention Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 73 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2,424 2,300 1,469 647 272 Black 23,137 13,811 7,126 3,514 873 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 61,258 42,695 20,078 6,167 1,326 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2,121 1,694 901 350 107 Multiracial 1,668 1,203 577 178 61 Native Ame rican 307 354 227 119 28 Pacific Islander 556 474 255 96 26 White 31,19 9 34,96 7 22,36 8 12,73 0 4,42 9 redneG Cisgender Female 25,953 21,460 11,725 4,904 1,757 Cisgender Male 96,015 75,621 41,054 18,818 5,341 Gender Noncon forming 152 90 66 20 2 Transgender Man/Boy 344 221 101 38 13 Transgender Woman/G irl 206 106 55 21 9 TBGL LGBT 1,706 985 447 170 43 Non-L GBT 120,96 4 96,51 3 52,55 4 23,63 1 7,07 9 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 115,773 91,117 48,878 22,100 6,559 Limited/No En glish Fluency 6,897 6,381 4,123 1,701 563 ytilibasiD Disability 2,920 2,814 1,858 1,231 600 No Disability 119,750 94,684 51,143 22,570 6,522 Overall 122,670 97,498 53,001 23,801 7,122 Table B13. Percentage of Stops Including Curbside Detention Among Youth Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 74 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 4.26% 7.45% 17.16% 8.88% 2.88% Black 12.79% 16.20% 21.55% 20.74% 11.30% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 8.13% 10.17% 22.86% 19.56% 7.85% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 6.03% 6.11% 19.88% 6.06% 2.44% Multiracial 9.91% 13.04% 18.03% 15.50% 6.47% Native Ame rican 9.09% 11.11% 28.30% 12.12% 7.33% Pacific Islander 4.55% 5.56% 20.75% 14.16% 4.64% White 5.79% 8.80% 18.24% 8.42% 4.67% redneG Cisgender Female 5.92% 9.37% 15.91% 11.98% 5.49% Cisgender Male 8.67% 11.01% 24.08% 16.33% 7.46% Gender Noncon forming 7.14% 23.08% 13.73% 9.57% 3.38% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 18.00% 19.58% 11.55% Transgender Woman/G irl 100.00% 0.00% 7.14% 17.07% 14.09% TBGL LGBT 15.79% 14.71% 17.78% 15.23% 8.11% Non-L GBT 7.65% 10.44% 21.33% 15.14% 6.88% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 7.72% 10.37% 21.19% 15.10% 6.79% Limited/No En glish Fluency 7.37% 12.31% 23.37% 16.29% 9.60% ytilibasiD Disability 19.67% 10.71% 11.37% 13.11% 16.36% No Disabi lity 7.48% 10.47% 22.00% 15.19% 6.84% Overall 7.69% 10.49% 21.27% 15.14% 6.89% Table B13b. Percentage of Stops Including Curbside Detention Among Adults Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 75 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3.28% 3.61% 2.97% 2.30% 1.81% Black 10.94% 10.08% 9.26% 8.60% 6.13% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 8.71% 8.82% 7.28% 5.42% 3.89% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2.79% 2.72% 2.33% 1.95% 1.51% Multiracial 8.67% 8.77% 7.41% 4.75% 3.56% Native Ame rican 8.31% 10.57% 9.59% 10.04% 5.33% Pacific Islander 6.55% 6.81% 5.95% 4.82% 3.09% White 8.28% 9.62% 8.53% 6.99% 4.07% redneG Cisgender Female 6.27% 6.49% 5.76% 4.63% 3.17% Cisgender Male 9.12% 9.45% 8.03% 6.65% 4.22% Gender Noncon forming 4.30% 4.41% 5.51% 3.02% 0.66% Transgender Man/Boy 16.94% 17.17% 14.47% 12.50% 9.70% Transgender Woman/G irl 17.08% 14.68% 17.86% 15.56% 15.00% TBGL LGBT 11.94% 12.38% 11.38% 8.99% 5.81% Non-L GBT 8.29% 8.57% 7.37% 6.09% 3.90% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 8.26% 8.57% 7.37% 6.10% 3.84% Limited/No En glish Fluency 9.56% 8.92% 7.62% 6.13% 4.79% ytilibasiD Disability 21.98% 22.57% 22.31% 21.51% 15.56% No Disability 8.20% 8.44% 7.21% 5.88% 3.65% Overall 8.33% 8.59% 7.39% 6.10% 3.91% Table B14. Percentage of Consent Only Searches of Youth Discovering Contraband or Evidence by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 76 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 13.79% 14.50% Black 25.00% 11.11% 11.90% 15.31% 10.35% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 7.41% 0.00% 15.29% 13.42% 11.16% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian --- --- 0.00% 3.45% 11.11% Multiracial 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 7.41% 10.43% Native Ame rican --- 0.00% --- 0.00% 11.54% Pacific Islander --- 0.00% --- 27.27% 12.28% White 33.33 % 0.00% 12.28 % 15.14% 17.33% redneG Cisgender Female 14.29% 0.00% 13.64% 11.86% 16.04% Cisgender Male 12.82% 3.12% 13.68% 14.18% 11.21% Gender Noncon forming --- --- 0.00% 9.09% 0.00% Transgender Man/Boy --- --- 0.00% 0.00% 23.81% Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- 0.00% 0.00% 18.18% TBGL LGBT --- --- 0.00% 6.25% 19.81% Non-L GBT 13.04 % 2.44% 13.72% 13.77% 11.79% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 13.33% 2.63% 13.16% 13.69% 11.52% Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.00% 0.00% 17.65% 13.95% 17.48% ytilibasiD Disability 0.00% 0.00% 3.70% 3.28% 10.00% No Disabi lity 14.63% 2.78% 14.45% 14.09% 11.90% Overall 13.04% 2.44% 13.43% 13.70% 11.87% Table B14b. Percentage of Consent Only Searches of Adult Discovering Contraband or Evidence by Age Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 77 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 20.44% 23.57% 27.25% 25.62% 6.67% Black 13.38% 17.35% 19.52% 27.58% 20.54% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 16.58% 20.57% 21.11% 20.89% 14.81% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 19.47% 19.08% 20.92% 15.79% 26.67% Multiracial 18.86% 17.59% 19.79% 23.08% 15.38% Native Ame rican 19.23% 17.81% 23.53% 26.32% 0.00% Pacific Islander 19.57% 23.23% 25.81% 27.78% 0.00% White 22.43% 23.44% 23.38% 22.57% 19.70% redneG Cisgender Female 20.78% 23.61% 24.38% 24.25% 15.74% Cisgender Male 16.90% 20.66% 21.54% 22.46% 18.70% Gender Noncon forming 14.29% 12.90% 42.86% 14.29% 0.00% Transgender Man/Boy 14.29% 20.00% 20.00% 33.33% 0.00% Transgender Woman/G irl 7.41% 18.18% 14.29% 60.00% - TBGL LGBT 19.19% 22.96% 18.68% 27.27% 22.22% Non-L GBT 17.44% 21.12% 22.07% 22.77% 18.00% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 17.32% 21.02% 22.04% 23.13% 18.98% Limited/No En glish Fluency 19.80% 22.74% 22.08% 18.48% 8.60% ytilibasiD Disability 11.61% 10.69% 12.57% 15.45% 8.26% No Disabi lity 17.58% 21.42% 22.34% 23.24% 19.20% Overall 17.46% 21.14% 22.04% 22.80% 18.04% Table B15. Youth Stops with Field Interview Cards by Age Group Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Identity Subgroup Group Field Interview Card No Field Interview Card Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card 79 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3 255 4 157 12 291 Black 27 356 42 458 263 1,505 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 75 1,659 71 1,365 738 4,866 Middle 1 115 4 127 16 145 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 4 107 1 68 12 171 Native Ame rican 0 11 0 9 1 52 Pacific Islander 0 22 1 17 1 52 White 20 948 17 824 13 8 2,38 4 redneG Cisgender Female 42 1,258 34 980 263 3,232 Cisgender Male 86 2,186 104 2,022 907 6,116 Gender 2 26 1 12 1 50 Nonconforming Transgender 0 2 1 7 6 44 Man/Boy Transgend er 0 1 0 4 4 24 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 1 18 1 33 13 167 Non-L GBT 12 9 3,45 5 13 9 2,99 2 1,16 8 9,299 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 114 3,204 125 2,845 1,140 9,092 Limited/No En glish 16 269 15 180 41 374 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 11 50 16 208 86 644 No Disabi lity 119 3,42 3 124 2,817 1,09 5 8,822 Overall 130 3,473 140 3,025 1,181 9,466 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Subgroup Group Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card 80 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 73 2,100 522 36,443 Black 1,10 7 6,660 5,988 76,329 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3,349 29,783 13,402 367,024 Middle 59 2,119 414 32,378 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 44 969 253 9,586 Native Ame rican 4 194 24 1,846 Pacific Islander 21 318 112 3,986 White 459 22,71 0 2,581 185,50 1 redneG Cisgender Female 953 17,975 5,259 205,091 Cisgender Male 4,127 46,434 17,861 504,881 Gender 6 203 26 1,806 Nonconforming Transgender 25 164 96 865 Man/Boy Transgend er 5 77 54 450 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 48 661 237 6,197 Non-L GBT 5,06 8 64,19 2 23,05 9 706,89 6 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4,949 62,595 21,965 686,917 Limited/No En glish 167 2,258 1,331 26,176 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 138 1,258 512 3,456 No Disabi lity 4,978 63,595 22,78 4 709,63 7 Overall 5,116 64,853 23,296 713,093 Table B15b. Adult Stops with Field Interview Cards by Age Group Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Identity Subgroup Group Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card 81 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1,072 72,833 991 62,807 661 48,790 Black 13,816 197,666 8,256 128,801 4,489 72,439 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 25,126 678,544 16,534 467,360 7,181 268,593 Middle 1,091 75,055 903 61,439 454 38,145 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 669 18,577 441 13,284 212 7,580 Native Ame rican 66 3,627 61 3,288 47 2,319 Pacific Islander 271 8,212 207 6,757 76 4,213 White 9,280 367,30 9 9,602 353,76 3 6,10 5 256,11 4 redneG Cisgender Female 10,761 403,091 7,608 322,874 4,091 199,547 Cisgender Male 40,112 1,012,479 29,090 770,873 15,006 496,570 Gender 43 3,490 27 2,012 12 1,185 Nonconforming Transgender 312 1,719 176 1,111 75 623 Man/Boy Transgend er 163 1,043 94 628 41 267 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 687 13,601 404 7,553 208 3,720 Non-L GBT 50,70 4 1,408,22 2 36,59 1 1,089,94 6 19,01 7 694,47 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 48,254 1,352,813 34,136 1,028,829 17,535 645,753 Limited/No En glish 3,137 69,010 2,859 68,670 1,690 52,440 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 1,953 11,334 1,541 10,925 945 7,384 No Disabi lity 49,438 1,410,48 9 35,454 1,086,57 4 18,28 0 690,80 9 Overall 51,391 1,421,823 36,995 1,097,499 19,225 698,193 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Subgroup Group Field Interview Card No F ield Interview Card Field Interview Card No Field Interview Card 82 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 372 27,813 166 14,865 Black 2,468 38,385 785 13,453 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 2,231 111,529 648 33,403 Middle 210 17,770 65 7,001 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 73 3,678 23 1,692 Native Ame rican 19 1,166 2 523 Pacific Islander 52 1,941 14 827 White 3,47 7 178,68 2 1,41 7 107,48 2 redneG Cisgender Female 1,835 104,068 747 54,654 Cisgender Male 7,017 275,844 2,353 124,116 Gender 8 655 4 298 Nonconforming Transgender 34 270 12 122 Man/Boy Transgend er 8 127 4 56 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 73 1,819 22 718 Non-L GBT 8,82 9 379,14 5 3,09 8 178,52 8 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 8,183 353,934 2,833 167,790 Limited/No En glish 719 27,030 287 11,456 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 611 5,112 369 3,487 No Disabi lity 8,291 375,85 2 2,751 175,75 9 Overall 8,902 380,964 3,120 179,246 Table B16. Total Stops Including Patrol Car Detention Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 83 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 10 11 46 144 1,019 Black 37 84 503 1,950 8,771 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 117 132 875 4,142 23,348 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 4 3 22 93 739 Multiracial 10 8 44 174 692 Native Ame rican 1 2 15 42 149 Pacific Islander 0 0 7 26 190 White 41 85 41 5 1,44 5 6,182 redneG Cisgender Female 55 107 662 2,061 8,801 Cisgender Male 165 212 1,232 5,869 32,054 Gender Noncon forming 0 2 6 28 94 Transgender Man/Boy 0 1 16 34 85 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 3 11 24 56 TBGL LGBT 1 6 51 150 597 Non-L GBT 21 9 31 9 1,87 6 7,866 40,49 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 212 315 1,882 7,825 39,443 Limited/No En glish Fluency 8 10 45 191 1,647 ytilibasiD Disability 9 67 250 451 1,083 No Disability 211 258 1,677 7,565 40,007 Overall 220 325 1,927 8,016 41,090 Table B16b. Total Stops Including Patrol Car Detention Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 84 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2,409 2,354 1,560 642 306 Black 21,665 13,438 6,692 3,127 850 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 53,053 36,951 15,939 4,373 993 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1,824 1,607 882 349 122 Multiracial 1,674 1,176 533 152 42 Native Ame rican 421 442 197 84 19 Pacific Islander 532 472 222 69 28 White 23,01 4 25,43 3 14,87 2 7,72 6 3,06 1 redneG Cisgender Female 22,141 17,968 9,003 3,628 1,428 Cisgender Male 81,876 63,524 31,729 12,833 3,976 Gender Noncon forming 231 143 66 23 4 Transgender Man/Boy 203 135 63 21 8 Transgender Woman/G irl 140 103 36 17 5 TBGL LGBT 1,669 990 401 150 39 Non-L GBT 102,92 3 80,88 3 40,49 6 16,37 2 5,38 2 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 99,646 77,310 38,123 15,529 5,087 Limited/No En glish Fluency 4,946 4,563 2,774 993 334 ytilibasiD Disability 3,697 3,347 2,002 1,088 555 No Disabi lity 100,89 5 78,526 38,895 15,434 4,866 Overall 104,592 81,873 40,897 16,522 5,421 Table B17. Percentage of Stops Including Patrol Car Detention Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 85 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3.88% 6.83% 15.18% 6.63% 2.76% Black 9.66% 16.80% 28.45% 25.11% 10.66% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 6.75% 9.19% 15.61% 12.50% 6.14% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3.45% 2.29% 13.66% 4.27% 2.25% Multiracial 9.01% 11.59% 24.04% 17.18% 7.03% Native Ame rican 9.09% 22.22% 28.30% 21.21% 7.97% Pacific Islander 0.00% 0.00% 13.21% 7.67% 4.64% White 4.24% 10.11% 16.46% 6.24% 3.29% redneG Cisgender Female 4.23% 10.55% 18.94% 10.89% 4.18% Cisgender Male 7.26% 9.97% 17.54% 11.61% 6.13% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 15.38% 11.76% 13.40% 5.13% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 12.50% 32.00% 17.99% 8.84% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 75.00% 39.29% 29.27% 11.11% TBGL LGBT 5.26% 17.65% 28.33% 21.16% 9.28% Non-L GBT 6.11% 10.19% 17.92% 11.36% 5.55% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 6.39% 10.61% 18.39% 11.59% 5.56% Limited/No En glish Fluency 2.81% 5.13% 10.84% 7.88% 5.99% ytilibasiD Disability 14.75% 29.91% 34.25% 32.31% 27.29% No Disabi lity 5.96% 8.77% 16.91% 11.03% 5.46% Overall 6.11% 10.27% 18.10% 11.46% 5.58% Table B17b. Percentage of Stops Including Patrol Car Detention Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 87 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3.26% 3.69% 3.15% 2.28% 2.04% Black 10.24% 9.80% 8.70% 7.65% 5.97% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 7.54% 7.64% 5.78% 3.84% 2.92% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2.40% 2.58% 2.29% 1.94% 1.73% Multiracial 8.70% 8.57% 6.84% 4.05% 2.45% Native Ame rican 11.40% 13.20% 8.33% 7.09% 3.62% Pacific Islander 6.27% 6.78% 5.18% 3.46% 3.33% White 6.11% 7.00% 5.67% 4.24% 2.81% redneG Cisgender Female 5.35% 5.44% 4.42% 3.43% 2.58% Cisgender Male 7.78% 7.94% 6.20% 4.54% 3.14% Gender Noncon forming 6.54% 7.01% 5.51% 3.47% 1.32% Transgender Man/Boy 10.00% 10.49% 9.03% 6.91% 5.97% Transgender Woman/G irl 11.61% 14.27% 11.69% 12.59% 8.33% TBGL LGBT 11.68% 12.44% 10.21% 7.93% 5.27% Non-L GBT 7.05% 7.18% 5.68% 4.22% 2.96% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 7.11% 7.27% 5.75% 4.29% 2.98% Limited/No En glish Fluency 6.86% 6.38% 5.12% 3.58% 2.84% ytilibasiD Disability 27.82% 26.85% 24.04% 19.01% 14.39% No Disabi lity 6.91% 7.00% 5.49% 4.02% 2.73% Overall 7.10% 7.22% 5.70% 4.24% 2.97% Table B18. Total Stops Including Canine Searches Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 89 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 2 4 Black 0 0 4 32 95 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0 0 7 55 325 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 0 0 1 3 Multiracial 0 0 0 3 16 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 3 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 3 White 0 0 1 9 63 redneG Cisgender Female 0 0 2 22 53 Cisgender Male 0 0 10 77 457 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 0 2 1 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 1 0 TBGL LGBT 0 0 0 1 4 Non-L GBT 0 0 12 10 1 50 8 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0 0 11 94 447 Limited/No En glish Fluency 0 0 1 8 65 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 0 0 5 No Disabi lity 0 0 12 10 2 50 7 Overall 0 0 12 102 512 Table B18b. Total Stops Including Canine Searches Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 90 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 24 19 14 1 3 Black 161 94 47 17 5 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 706 502 215 65 15 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 20 9 4 1 0 Multiracial 15 18 2 2 0 Native Ame rican 8 8 7 1 0 Pacific Islander 8 9 4 1 0 White 33 7 50 1 25 2 16 0 32 redneG Cisgender Female 218 268 116 52 8 Cisgender Male 1,056 890 429 196 47 Gender Noncon forming 1 1 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 2 1 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 2 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 15 6 1 2 0 Non-L GBT 1,26 4 1,15 4 54 4 24 6 55 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,155 1,066 501 227 50 Limited/No En glish Fluency 124 94 44 21 5 ytilibasiD Disability 22 16 9 8 2 No Disabi lity 1,25 7 1,14 4 53 6 24 0 53 Overall 1,279 1,160 545 248 55 Table B19. Percentage of Stops Including Canine Searches Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 91 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.09% 0.01% Black 0.00% 0.00% 0.23% 0.41% 0.12% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0.00% 0.00% 0.12% 0.17% 0.09% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.05% 0.01% Multiracial 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.30% 0.16% Native Ame rican 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.16% Pacific Islander 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.07% White 0.00% 0.00% 0.04% 0.04% 0.03% redneG Cisgender Female 0.00% 0.00% 0.06% 0.12% 0.03% Cisgender Male 0.00% 0.00% 0.14% 0.15% 0.09% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.96% 0.05% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.10% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 1.22% 0.00% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.14% 0.06% Non-L GBT 0.00% 0.00% 0.11% 0.15% 0.07% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0.00% 0.00% 0.11% 0.14% 0.06% Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.00% 0.00% 0.24% 0.33% 0.24% ytilibasiD Disability 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.13% No Disabi lity 0.00% 0.00% 0.12% 0.15% 0.07% Overall 0.00% 0.00% 0.11% 0.15% 0.07% Table B19b. Percentage of Stops Including Canine Searches Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 92 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.00% 0.02% Black 0.08% 0.07% 0.06% 0.04% 0.04% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0.10% 0.10% 0.08% 0.06% 0.04% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.03% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.00% Multiracial 0.08% 0.13% 0.03% 0.05% 0.00% Native Ame rican 0.22% 0.24% 0.30% 0.08% 0.00% Pacific Islander 0.09% 0.13% 0.09% 0.05% 0.00% White 0.09% 0.14% 0.10% 0.09% 0.03% redneG Cisgender Female 0.05% 0.08% 0.06% 0.05% 0.01% Cisgender Male 0.10% 0.11% 0.08% 0.07% 0.04% Gender Noncon forming 0.03% 0.05% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Transgender Man/Boy 0.10% 0.08% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.17% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% TBGL LGBT 0.10% 0.08% 0.03% 0.11% 0.00% Non-L GBT 0.09% 0.10% 0.08% 0.06% 0.03% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0.08% 0.10% 0.08% 0.06% 0.03% Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.17% 0.13% 0.08% 0.08% 0.04% ytilibasiD Disability 0.17% 0.13% 0.11% 0.14% 0.05% No Disabi lity 0.09% 0.10% 0.08% 0.06% 0.03% Overall 0.09% 0.10% 0.08% 0.06% 0.03% Table B20. Total Stops Including Person Photographed Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 93 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 4 3 10 41 157 Black 1 13 73 306 847 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 10 11 232 992 3,235 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 1 1 24 97 Multiracial 0 0 8 39 131 Native Ame rican 0 0 2 10 13 Pacific Islander 0 0 1 18 43 White 4 9 65 249 976 redneG Cisgender Female 7 11 111 346 1,257 Cisgender Male 12 24 275 1,319 4,197 Gender Noncon forming 0 1 3 6 12 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 2 3 17 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 1 1 5 16 TBGL LGBT 0 2 3 12 80 Non-L GBT 19 35 38 9 1,66 7 5,41 9 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 18 34 372 1,602 4,912 Limited/No En glish Fluency 1 3 20 77 587 ytilibasiD Disability 1 3 20 43 129 No Disabi lity 18 34 372 1,63 6 5,370 Overall 19 37 392 1,679 5,499 Table B20b. Total Stops Including Person Photographed Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 95 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 349 388 225 110 42 Black 1,903 1,475 802 414 108 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 6,384 4,679 2,080 635 162 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 246 218 94 35 8 Multiracial 254 177 92 33 7 Native Ame rican 50 56 35 12 1 Pacific Islander 105 81 43 19 4 White 3,579 4,16 1 2,64 9 1,37 8 57 1 redneG Cisgender Female 2,707 2,540 1,437 588 218 Cisgender Male 10,082 8,624 4,545 2,036 676 Gender Noncon forming 22 13 10 7 3 Transgender Man/Boy 27 31 17 3 2 Transgender Woman/G irl 32 27 11 2 4 TBGL LGBT 242 144 60 23 10 Non-L GBT 12,62 8 11,09 1 5,96 0 2,61 3 893 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 11,605 10,238 5,469 2,455 821 Limited/No En glish Fluency 1,265 997 551 181 82 ytilibasiD Disability 494 526 313 231 104 No Disabi lity 12,37 6 10,70 9 5,707 2,405 799 Overall 12,870 11,235 6,020 2,636 903 Table B21. Percentage of Stops Including Person Photographed Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 97 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1.55% 1.86% 3.30% 1.89% 0.42% Black 0.26% 2.60% 4.13% 3.94% 1.03% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0.58% 0.77% 4.14% 2.99% 0.85% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.00% 0.76% 0.62% 1.10% 0.30% Multiracial 0.00% 0.00% 4.37% 3.85% 1.33% Native Ame rican 0.00% 0.00% 3.77% 5.05% 0.70% Pacific Islander 0.00% 0.00% 1.89% 5.31% 1.05% White 0.41% 1.07% 2.58% 1.07% 0.52% redneG Cisgender Female 0.54% 1.08% 3.18% 1.83% 0.60% Cisgender Male 0.53% 1.13% 3.92% 2.61% 0.80% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 7.69% 5.88% 2.87% 0.66% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 4.00% 1.59% 1.77% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 25.00% 3.57% 6.10% 3.17% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 5.88% 1.67% 1.69% 1.24% Non-L GBT 0.53% 1.12% 3.72% 2.41% 0.74% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0.54% 1.14% 3.64% 2.37% 0.69% Limited/No En glish Fluency 0.35% 1.54% 4.82% 3.18% 2.13% ytilibasiD Disability 1.64% 1.34% 2.74% 3.08% 3.25% No Disabi lity 0.51% 1.16% 3.75% 2.39% 0.73% Overall 0.53% 1.17% 3.68% 2.40% 0.75% Table B21b. Percentage of Stops Including Person Photographed Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 98 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0.47% 0.61% 0.45% 0.39% 0.28% Black 0.90% 1.08% 1.04% 1.01% 0.76% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0.91% 0.97% 0.75% 0.56% 0.48% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0.32% 0.35% 0.24% 0.19% 0.11% Multiracial 1.32% 1.29% 1.18% 0.88% 0.41% Native Ame rican 1.35% 1.67% 1.48% 1.01% 0.19% Pacific Islander 1.24% 1.16% 1.00% 0.95% 0.48% White 0.95% 1.15% 1.01% 0.76% 0.52% redneG Cisgender Female 0.65% 0.77% 0.71% 0.56% 0.39% Cisgender Male 0.96% 1.08% 0.89% 0.72% 0.53% Gender Noncon forming 0.62% 0.64% 0.84% 1.06% 0.99% Transgender Man/Boy 1.33% 2.41% 2.44% 0.99% 1.49% Transgender Woman/G irl 2.65% 3.74% 3.57% 1.48% 6.67% TBGL LGBT 1.69% 1.81% 1.53% 1.22% 1.35% Non-L GBT 0.87% 0.98% 0.84% 0.67% 0.49% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0.83% 0.96% 0.82% 0.68% 0.48% Limited/No En glish Fluency 1.75% 1.39% 1.02% 0.65% 0.70% ytilibasiD Disability 3.72% 4.22% 3.76% 4.04% 2.70% No Disabi lity 0.85% 0.95% 0.80% 0.63% 0.45% Overall 0.87% 0.99% 0.84% 0.68% 0.50% Table B22. Total Stops Including Removal From Vehicle by Order Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 99 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 6 4 5 67 774 Black 20 21 76 770 7,480 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 53 45 242 3,156 25,815 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3 3 3 70 660 Multiracial 5 1 1 71 460 Native Ame rican 1 1 7 10 94 Pacific Islander 1 0 0 22 148 White 15 6 40 552 4,537 redneG Cisgender Female 20 23 72 783 7,300 Cisgender Male 84 58 299 3,907 32,498 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 1 17 76 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 2 10 58 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 1 36 TBGL LGBT 0 0 6 28 368 Non-L GBT 10 4 81 36 8 4,69 0 39,60 0 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 100 77 364 4,582 37,707 Limited/No En glish Fluency 4 4 10 136 2,261 ytilibasiD Disability 0 1 4 13 152 No Disabi lity 10 4 80 37 0 4,70 5 39,81 6 Overall 104 81 374 4,718 39,968 Table B22b. Total Stops Including Removal From Vehicle by Order Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 100 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1,618 1,193 670 222 95 Black 15,977 7,165 3,143 1,317 337 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 40,415 23,211 9,392 2,478 501 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1,345 946 411 149 60 Multiracial 918 587 210 83 15 Native Ame rican 199 177 110 37 7 Pacific Islander 348 233 114 40 7 White 13,03 0 13,07 2 7,718 3,93 7 1,35 3 redneG Cisgender Female 14,510 9,692 4,398 1,550 461 Cisgender Male 58,964 36,695 17,287 6,692 1,909 Gender Noncon forming 158 83 49 7 1 Transgender Man/Boy 144 79 21 10 2 Transgender Woman/G irl 74 35 13 4 2 TBGL LGBT 949 410 155 46 8 Non-L GBT 72,90 1 46,17 4 21,61 3 8,21 7 2,36 7 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 68,999 42,887 19,691 7,586 2,196 Limited/No En glish Fluency 4,851 3,697 2,077 677 179 ytilibasiD Disability 426 349 263 208 137 No Disabi lity 73,42 4 46,23 5 21,50 5 8,055 2,238 Overall 73,850 46,584 21,768 8,263 2,375 Table B23. Percentage of Stops Including Removal From Vehicle by Order Among Youth by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 101 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2.33% 2.48% 1.65% 3.08% 2.09% Black 5.22% 4.20% 4.30% 9.91% 9.09% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3.06% 3.13% 4.32% 9.53% 6.79% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2.59% 2.29% 1.86% 3.21% 2.01% Multiracial 4.50% 1.45% 0.55% 7.01% 4.68% Native Ame rican 9.09% 11.11% 13.21% 5.05% 5.03% Pacific Islander 4.55% 0.00% 0.00% 6.49% 3.61% White 1.55% 0.71% 1.59% 2.38% 2.41% redneG Cisgender Female 1.54% 2.27% 2.06% 4.14% 3.47% Cisgender Male 3.70% 2.73% 4.26% 7.73% 6.22% Gender Noncon forming 0.00% 0.00% 1.96% 8.13% 4.15% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 0.00% 4.00% 5.29% 6.04% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 1.22% 7.14% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 0.00% 3.33% 3.95% 5.72% Non-L GBT 2.90% 2.59% 3.52% 6.77% 5.42% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 3.01% 2.59% 3.56% 6.78% 5.32% Limited/No En glish Fluency 1.40% 2.05% 2.41% 5.61% 8.22% ytilibasiD Disability 0.00% 0.45% 0.55% 0.93% 3.83% No Disabi lity 2.94% 2.72% 3.73% 6.86% 5.44% Overall 2.89% 2.56% 3.51% 6.74% 5.43% Table B23b. Percentage of Stops Including Removal From Vehicle by Order Among Adults by Identity Group Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 103 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2.19% 1.87% 1.35% 0.79% 0.63% Black 7.55% 5.23% 4.09% 3.22% 2.37% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 5.74% 4.80% 3.41% 2.18% 1.47% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1.77% 1.52% 1.06% 0.83% 0.85% Multiracial 4.77% 4.28% 2.70% 2.21% 0.87% Native Ame rican 5.39% 5.29% 4.65% 3.12% 1.33% Pacific Islander 4.10% 3.35% 2.66% 2.01% 0.83% White 3.46% 3.60% 2.94% 2.16% 1.24% redneG Cisgender Female 3.51% 2.93% 2.16% 1.46% 0.83% Cisgender Male 5.60% 4.59% 3.38% 2.37% 1.51% Gender Noncon forming 4.47% 4.07% 4.09% 1.06% 0.33% Transgender Man/Boy 7.09% 6.14% 3.01% 3.29% 1.49% Transgender Woman/G irl 6.14% 4.85% 4.22% 2.96% 3.33% TBGL LGBT 6.64% 5.15% 3.95% 2.43% 1.08% Non-L GBT 5.00% 4.10% 3.03% 2.12% 1.30% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4.92% 4.03% 2.97% 2.09% 1.29% Limited/No En glish Fluency 6.72% 5.17% 3.84% 2.44% 1.52% ytilibasiD Disability 3.21% 2.80% 3.16% 3.63% 3.55% No Disabi lity 5.03% 4.12% 3.03% 2.10% 1.25% Overall 5.01% 4.11% 3.03% 2.12% 1.30% Table B24. Youth Stops Including Searches by Identity Groups Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 105 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 15 13 72 224 1,535 Black 49 118 721 3,144 17,389 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 169 206 1,780 9,594 49,989 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 5 4 33 177 1,074 Multiracial 10 7 64 243 1,069 Native Ame rican 1 1 19 60 304 Pacific Islander 4 1 11 51 362 White 62 10 0 536 2,21 2 11,06 7 redneG Cisgender Female 71 112 901 2,881 14,253 Cisgender Male 241 332 2,281 12,656 68,014 Gender Noncon forming 3 3 17 62 179 Transgender Man/Boy 0 3 23 69 211 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 14 37 132 TBGL LGBT 2 6 67 230 1,004 Non-L GBT 31 3 44 4 3,16 9 15,47 5 81,785 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 300 435 3,154 15,136 78,116 Limited/No En glish Fluency 15 15 82 569 4,673 ytilibasiD Disability 16 60 300 637 1,917 No Disabi lity 299 390 2,936 15,06 8 80,872 Overall 315 450 3,236 15,705 82,789 Table B24b. Adult Stops Including Searches by Identity Groups Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 106 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 4,058 3,957 2,257 867 342 Black 43,677 25,657 12,497 5,838 1,440 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 107,663 71,929 29,668 7,997 1,706 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 3,201 2,693 1,236 433 158 Multiracial 2,710 1,956 901 272 73 Native Ame rican 865 854 523 189 42 Pacific Islander 1,055 826 437 147 37 White 48,514 54,38 7 31,19 0 16,28 7 5,40 8 redneG Cisgender Female 37,179 29,813 14,527 5,710 1,892 Cisgender Male 173,212 131,618 63,840 26,206 7,284 Gender Noncon forming 429 273 138 43 13 Transgender Man/Boy 594 347 133 48 12 Transgender Woman/G irl 328 208 71 23 5 TBGL LGBT 3,085 1,755 686 239 64 Non-L GBT 208,65 8 160,50 4 78,02 3 31,79 1 9,14 2 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 199,566 151,467 72,713 29,780 8,522 Limited/No En glish Fluency 12,177 10,792 5,996 2,250 684 ytilibasiD Disability 6,587 6,069 3,654 2,165 1,062 No Disabi lity 205,15 6 156,19 0 75,055 29,865 8,144 Overall 211,743 162,259 78,709 32,030 9,206 Table B25. Percentage of Youth Stops Including Searches by Identity Groups Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 107 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 5.81% 8.07% 23.76% 10.31% 4.15% Black 12.79% 23.60% 40.78% 40.48% 21.12% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 9.75% 14.35% 31.76% 28.96% 13.14% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 4.31% 3.05% 20.50% 8.13% 3.28% Multiracial 9.01% 10.14% 34.97% 23.99% 10.86% Native Ame rican 9.09% 11.11% 35.85% 30.30% 16.26% Pacific Islander 18.18% 5.56% 20.75% 15.04% 8.83% White 6.40% 11.89% 21.25% 9.55% 5.88% redneG Cisgender Female 5.46% 11.05% 25.78% 15.22% 6.78% Cisgender Male 10.61% 15.62% 32.48% 25.03% 13.01% Gender Noncon forming 10.71% 23.08% 33.33% 29.67% 9.77% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 37.50% 46.00% 36.51% 21.96% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 0.00% 50.00% 45.12% 26.19% TBGL LGBT 10.53% 17.65% 37.22% 32.44% 15.60% Non-L GBT 8.73% 14.18% 30.28% 22.34% 11.20% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 9.04% 14.65% 30.82% 22.41% 11.02% Limited/No En glish Fluency 5.26% 7.69% 19.76% 23.46% 16.99% ytilibasiD Disability 26.23% 26.79% 41.10% 45.63% 48.31% No Disabi lity 8.44% 13.26% 29.61% 21.97% 11.04% Overall 8.74% 14.22% 30.39% 22.45% 11.24% Table B25b. Percentage of Adult Stops Including Searches by Identity Groups Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 109 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 5.49% 6.20% 4.56% 3.08% 2.28% Black 20.65% 18.72% 16.25% 14.29% 10.11% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 15.30% 14.86% 10.76% 7.03% 5.01% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 4.20% 4.32% 3.20% 2.41% 2.24% Multiracial 14.08% 14.25% 11.56% 7.25% 4.26% Native Ame rican 23.42% 25.50% 22.10% 15.95% 8.00% Pacific Islander 12.44% 11.86% 10.19% 7.38% 4.40% White 12.88% 14.97% 11.89% 8.94% 4.97% redneG Cisgender Female 8.98% 9.02% 7.13% 5.39% 3.42% Cisgender Male 16.46% 16.45% 12.48% 9.26% 5.76% Gender Noncon forming 12.14% 13.39% 11.53% 6.49% 4.30% Transgender Man/Boy 29.25% 26.96% 19.05% 15.79% 8.96% Transgender Woman/G irl 27.20% 28.81% 23.05% 17.04% 8.33% TBGL LGBT 21.59% 22.06% 17.46% 12.63% 8.65% Non-L GBT 14.30% 14.25% 10.94% 8.19% 5.03% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 14.24% 14.25% 10.96% 8.22% 4.99% Limited/No En glish Fluency 16.88% 15.09% 11.08% 8.11% 5.82% ytilibasiD Disability 49.57% 48.68% 43.87% 37.83% 27.54% No Disabi lity 14.05% 13.92% 10.58% 7.77% 4.56% Overall 14.37% 14.30% 10.97% 8.22% 5.05% Table B26. Youth Calls for Service by Identity Group Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Group Subgroup Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops 111 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 245 13 134 27 150 153 1,780 393 35,498 1,467 Black 328 55 309 191 711 1,057 4,895 2,872 73,890 8,427 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1,550 184 1,108 328 2,775 2,829 25,203 7,929 357,879 22,547 Middle 109 7 124 7 89 72 1,917 261 31,855 937 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 98 13 53 16 83 100 730 283 9,145 694 Native Ame rican 10 1 7 2 25 28 131 67 1,695 175 Pacific Islander 18 4 15 3 18 35 263 76 3,834 264 White 863 10 5 629 21 2 1,31 5 1,20 7 19,66 6 3,50 3 178,94 6 9,136 redneG Cisgender Female 1,189 111 763 251 1,451 2,044 14,139 4,789 197,972 12,378 Cisgender Male 2,005 267 1,601 525 3,680 3,343 40,175 10,386 491,912 30,830 Gender 24 4 9 4 11 40 139 70 1,699 133 Nonconforming Transgender 2 0 5 3 15 35 103 86 792 169 Man/Boy Transgend er 1 0 1 3 9 19 29 53 367 137 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 16 3 23 11 69 111 392 317 5,572 862 Non-L GBT 3,20 5 37 9 2,35 6 775 5,09 7 5,370 54,19 3 15,06 7 687,17 0 42,78 5 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 2,954 364 2,225 745 4,989 5,243 52,712 14,832 667,773 41,109 Limited/No En glish 267 18 154 41 177 238 1,873 552 24,969 2,538 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 20 41 64 160 170 560 347 1,049 1,546 2,422 No Disabi lity 3,20 1 341 2,31 5 626 4,996 4,921 54,23 8 14,335 691,19 6 41,225 Overall 3,221 382 2,379 786 5,166 5,481 54,585 15,384 692,742 43,647 Table B26b. Adult Calls for Service by Identity Group Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Group Subgroup Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops 112 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 70,627 3,278 60,718 3,080 47,459 1,992 27,230 955 14,454 577 Black 186,624 24,858 118,897 18,160 67,271 9,657 36,094 4,759 12,688 1,550 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 646,020 57,650 442,476 41,419 257,112 18,662 107,972 5,788 32,375 1,676 Middle 73,567 2,579 60,008 2,334 37,393 1,206 17,459 521 6,811 255 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 17,496 1,750 12,343 1,382 7,105 687 3,475 276 1,613 102 Native Ame rican 3,124 569 2,796 553 2,057 309 1,047 138 493 32 Pacific Islander 7,744 739 6,364 600 3,980 309 1,865 128 785 56 White 341,98 6 34,60 4 325,23 3 38,13 4 238,40 3 23,81 6 167,69 8 14,46 1 102,23 3 6,66 6 redneG Cisgender Female 382,691 31,161 304,192 26,292 189,305 14,333 99,173 6,730 52,155 3,246 Cisgender Male 958,861 93,731 721,295 78,669 469,582 41,994 262,709 20,152 118,864 7,605 Gender 3,236 297 1,854 185 1,090 107 617 46 278 24 Nonconforming Transgender 1,549 482 989 298 562 136 233 71 111 23 Man/Boy Transgend er 851 355 504 218 240 68 108 27 44 16 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 11,813 2,475 6,509 1,448 3,329 599 1,608 284 659 81 Non-L GBT 1,335,37 5 123,55 2 1,022,32 6 104,21 4 657,45 1 56,03 9 361,23 2 26,74 2 170,79 3 10,83 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,282,581 118,487 964,469 98,499 610,906 52,382 336,938 25,179 160,492 10,131 Limited/No En glish 64,607 7,540 64,366 7,163 49,874 4,256 25,902 1,847 10,960 783 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 5,295 7,992 5,323 7,143 3,892 4,437 2,822 2,901 2,059 1,797 No Disabi lity 1,341,89 3 118,03 5 1,023,51 2 98,519 656,88 8 52,201 360,01 8 24,125 169,39 3 9,117 Overall 1,347,188 126,027 1,028,835 105,662 660,780 56,638 362,840 27,026 171,452 10,914 Table B27. Youth Calls for Service Excluding Traffic Stops by Identity Group Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Group Subgroup Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops 113 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 18 13 14 26 44 152 199 374 1,222 1,222 Black 58 54 100 190 551 1,047 2,125 2,800 9,026 7,629 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 205 160 212 324 1,725 2,784 7,541 7,466 26,712 18,365 Middle 8 7 5 7 32 70 106 231 799 707 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 11 11 7 16 49 99 193 269 590 587 Native Ame rican 0 1 1 2 16 26 37 64 125 168 Pacific Islander 3 3 2 3 8 33 49 75 219 228 White 76 93 14 2 20 9 55 4 1,17 2 2,23 8 3,26 2 9,435 7,748 redneG Cisgender Female 106 99 143 250 930 2,027 2,883 4,609 11,617 10,578 Cisgender Male 265 239 332 517 2,024 3,263 9,483 9,723 36,176 25,682 Gender 7 4 6 4 6 39 50 70 92 114 Nonconforming Transgender 0 0 2 3 10 35 56 86 156 147 Man/Boy Transgend er 1 0 0 3 9 19 16 53 87 133 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 4 3 9 11 56 110 167 314 629 774 Non-L GBT 37 5 33 9 47 4 766 2,92 3 5,273 12,32 1 14,22 7 47,49 9 35,88 0 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 354 326 453 737 2,901 5,147 12,127 14,027 45,966 34,638 Limited/No En glish 25 16 30 40 78 236 361 514 2,162 2,016 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 9 41 60 159 163 559 282 1,041 738 2,382 No Disabi lity 37 0 301 423 618 2,816 4,824 12,20 6 13,500 47,39 0 34,272 Overall 379 342 483 777 2,979 5,383 12,488 14,541 48,128 36,654 Table B27b. Adult Calls for Service Excluding Traffic Stops by Identity Group Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Group Subgroup Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Officer C all for Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Initiated Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Service Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops Stops 115 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2,591 2,902 2,626 2,730 1,746 1,732 859 787 358 455 Black 22,970 23,281 15,936 17,201 9,305 9,098 5,246 4,451 1,288 1,384 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 62,304 51,026 47,396 37,157 23,607 16,366 7,994 4,880 1,968 1,356 Middle 2,038 2,184 1,728 2,028 968 1,027 375 443 100 195 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 1,793 1,607 1,456 1,259 721 636 271 235 79 75 Native Ame rican 462 538 511 537 380 297 179 129 38 26 Pacific Islander 614 685 585 555 347 280 143 121 40 51 White 37,66 9 31,93 2 43,58 3 35,63 1 28,70 1 21,96 0 16,48 3 13,09 6 5,79 6 5,75 1 redneG Cisgender Female 27,232 28,132 24,008 23,975 13,851 12,889 6,323 5,968 2,206 2,732 Cisgender Male 102,354 84,952 89,189 72,467 51,577 38,208 25,100 18,042 7,418 6,511 Gender 270 262 184 163 113 102 43 38 9 14 Nonconforming Transgender 358 465 275 284 152 130 58 68 26 22 Man/Boy Transgend er 227 343 165 209 82 67 26 26 8 14 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 1,878 2,315 1,288 1,352 650 563 256 250 78 74 Non-L GBT 128,56 3 111,84 0 112,53 3 95,746 65,12 5 50,83 3 31,29 4 23,89 2 9,58 9 9,21 9 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 124,243 107,677 107,494 90,909 61,268 47,808 29,517 22,619 8,941 8,644 Limited/No En glish 6,198 6,478 6,327 6,189 4,507 3,588 2,033 1,523 726 649 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 2,927 7,836 3,002 6,989 2,147 4,313 1,499 2,802 888 1,720 No Disabi lity 127,51 4 106,31 9 110,81 9 90,109 63,628 47,083 30,051 21,340 8,779 7,573 Overall 130,441 114,155 113,821 97,098 65,775 51,396 31,550 24,142 9,667 9,293 Table B28. Youth Use of Force by Identity Group Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Identity Subgroup Group Less Lethal Less Lethal Less Lethal Limited Force No Force Limited Force No Force Lethal Force Limited Force No Force Force Force Force 117 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 9 249 0 16 145 0 3 48 252 Black 3 31 349 3 89 408 2 52 748 966 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3 162 1,569 4 156 1,276 1 113 1,511 3,979 Middle 0 7 109 0 11 120 0 3 25 133 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 0 15 96 0 5 64 0 6 56 121 Native Ame rican 0 0 11 0 1 8 0 4 22 27 Pacific Islander 0 0 22 0 0 18 0 0 10 43 White 2 86 880 2 10 0 739 0 17 467 2,03 8 redneG Cisgender Female 3 85 1,212 3 98 913 0 38 860 2,597 Cisgender Male 5 223 2,044 5 275 1,846 2 159 1,983 4,879 Gender 0 2 26 1 1 11 1 0 13 37 Nonconforming Transgender 0 0 2 0 2 6 0 1 17 32 Man/Boy Transgend er 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 14 14 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 0 3 16 1 6 27 1 3 63 113 Non-L GBT 8 30 7 3,26 9 8 37 2 2,75 1 2 19 5 2,82 4 7,446 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 8 249 3,061 8 341 2,621 3 195 2,796 7,238 Limited/No En glish 0 61 224 1 37 157 0 3 91 321 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 0 17 44 1 63 160 0 7 300 423 No Disabi lity 8 293 3,24 1 8 315 2,618 3 19 1 2,587 7,136 Overall 8 310 3,285 9 378 2,778 3 198 2,887 7,559 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Subgroup Group Less Lethal Less Lethal Lethal Force Limited Force No Force Lethal Force Limited Force No Force Force Force 119 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1 19 186 1,967 4 59 1,484 35,418 Black 3 373 2,821 4,570 7 1,20 0 13,740 67,370 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3 696 7,968 24,465 21 2,291 41,071 337,043 Middle 0 10 159 2,009 0 70 1,114 31,608 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 1 20 222 770 0 51 929 8,859 Native Ame rican 0 8 63 127 0 10 278 1,582 Pacific Islander 0 4 44 291 1 38 308 3,751 White 1 15 0 2,05 6 20,96 2 4 451 11,40 8 176,21 9 redneG Cisgender Female 0 204 2,995 15,729 5 625 15,032 194,688 Cisgender Male 9 1,069 10,380 39,103 31 3,519 54,774 464,418 Gender 0 5 42 162 0 10 174 1,648 Nonconforming Transgender 0 1 75 113 1 12 202 746 Man/Boy Transgend er 0 1 27 54 0 4 150 350 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 0 6 216 487 2 44 1,006 5,382 Non-L GBT 9 1,27 4 13,30 3 54,67 4 35 4,12 6 69,326 656,46 8 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 8 1,260 12,892 53,384 36 3,999 64,621 640,226 Limited/No En glish 1 20 627 1,777 1 171 5,711 21,624 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 0 9 623 764 0 75 1,991 1,902 No Disabi lity 9 1,27 1 12,89 6 54,39 7 37 4,09 5 68,341 659,94 8 Overall 9 1,280 13,519 55,161 37 4,170 70,332 661,850 Table B28b. Adult Use of Force by Identity Group Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Identity Subgroup Group Lethal Less Lethal Li mited Lethal Less Lethal Lim ited Lethal Less Lethal L imited No Force No Force No Force Force Force Force Force Force Force Force Force Force 121 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1 173 4,042 69,689 2 175 3,808 59,812 2 79 2,308 47,062 Black 22 2,228 37,019 172,213 18 1,311 23,457 112,271 6 630 11,598 64,694 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 51 4,387 90,256 608,976 39 2,883 59,960 421,013 16 949 25,017 249,792 Middle Eastern/Sou th 1 159 3,364 72,622 2 115 2,910 59,315 0 38 1,461 37,100 Asian Multir acial 1 129 2,429 16,687 2 103 1,725 11,894 1 23 812 6,956 Native Ame rican 1 30 780 2,882 0 21 787 2,541 0 12 441 1,913 Pacific Islander 1 51 957 7,474 1 49 703 6,211 0 20 370 3,899 White 14 1,73 8 43,63 1 331,20 7 24 1,94 2 47,11 4 314,28 7 12 969 27,11 1 234,12 7 redneG Cisgender Female 13 1,422 37,537 374,880 17 1,044 29,846 299,576 6 423 14,719 188,490 Cisgender Male 78 7,407 143,625 901,482 71 5,517 109,808 684,568 31 2,288 54,048 455,209 Gender Noncon forming 1 15 379 3,138 0 9 247 1,783 0 1 121 1,075 Transgender Man/Boy 0 36 571 1,424 0 15 362 910 0 6 154 538 Transgender 0 15 365 826 0 14 201 507 0 2 76 230 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 2 126 2,940 11,220 0 75 1,635 6,247 0 25 658 3,245 Non-L GBT 90 8,769 179,53 8 1,270,53 0 88 6,52 4 138,82 9 981,09 7 37 2,69 5 68,46 0 642,29 8 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 87 8,343 168,254 1,224,384 86 6,149 128,024 928,707 33 2,500 61,772 598,983 Limited/No En glish 5 552 14,224 57,366 2 450 12,440 58,637 4 220 7,346 46,560 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 3 313 6,876 6,095 2 277 6,060 6,127 3 141 3,568 4,617 No Disabi lity 89 8,582 175,60 2 1,275,65 5 86 6,322 134,40 4 981,21 7 34 2,579 65,550 640,92 6 Overall 92 8,895 182,478 1,281,750 88 6,599 140,464 987,344 37 2,720 69,118 645,543 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Subgroup Group Lethal Less Lethal Lim ited Lethal Less Lethal L imited No Force No Force Force Force Force Force Force Force 122 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 28 972 27,185 0 11 406 14,614 Black 2 247 5,592 35,012 1 61 1,447 12,729 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3 247 7,125 106,385 1 40 1,650 32,360 Middle Eastern/Sou th 0 17 595 17,368 0 4 198 6,864 Asian Multir acial 0 6 261 3,484 0 3 74 1,638 Native Ame rican 0 7 178 1,000 0 0 30 495 Pacific Islander 0 9 126 1,858 0 0 43 798 White 6 40 8 14,71 6 167,02 9 1 13 4 5,68 5 103,07 9 redneG Cisgender Female 0 142 6,275 99,486 0 42 2,332 53,027 Cisgender Male 11 821 23,173 258,856 3 209 7,168 119,089 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 41 622 0 1 9 292 Transgender Man/Boy 0 4 50 250 0 1 19 114 Transgender 0 2 26 107 0 0 5 55 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 0 9 239 1,644 0 1 66 673 Non-L GBT 11 96 0 29,32 6 357,67 7 3 25 2 9,46 7 171,90 4 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 11 892 26,413 334,801 3 233 8,232 162,155 Limited/No En glish 0 77 3,152 24,520 0 20 1,301 10,422 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 0 70 2,069 3,584 0 21 915 2,920 No Disabi lity 11 899 27,496 355,73 7 3 232 8,618 169,65 7 Overall 11 969 29,565 359,321 3 253 9,533 172,577 Table B29. Youth Stops Including Baton Use Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 123 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 0 2 Black 0 0 0 0 6 Hispanic/Latine(x) 0 0 0 5 20 Middle Eastern/South Asian 0 0 0 0 2 Multiracial 0 0 0 0 1 Native American 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 White 0 0 1 1 7 redneG Cisgender Female 0 0 1 1 7 Cisgender Male 0 0 0 5 29 Gender Nonconforming 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Woman/Girl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 0 0 0 0 2 Non-LGBT 0 0 1 6 36 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0 0 1 6 37 Limited/No English Fluency 0 0 0 0 1 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 1 0 1 No Disability 0 0 0 6 37 Overall 0 0 1 6 38 Table B29b. Adult Stops Including Baton Use Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 124 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3 3 0 0 0 Black 20 14 8 3 0 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 51 41 8 4 1 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 4 4 0 1 0 Multiracial 5 3 0 0 0 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 1 1 1 0 0 White 28 39 15 7 6 redneG Cisgender Female 11 10 5 3 2 Cisgender Male 100 95 27 12 5 Gender Noncon forming 1 0 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 1 0 0 0 0 Non-L GBT 11 1 10 5 32 15 7 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 102 99 32 14 7 Limited/No En glish Fluency 10 6 0 1 0 ytilibasiD Disability 10 9 2 5 1 No Disabi lity 102 96 30 10 6 Overall 112 105 32 15 7 Table B30. Youth Stops by Age Group Including Chemical Spray Use Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 125 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 0 3 Black 0 1 1 6 16 Hispanic/Latine(x) 0 0 1 6 22 Middle Eastern/South Asian 0 0 0 0 1 Multiracial 0 0 0 0 0 Native American 0 0 0 0 1 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 White 0 0 1 0 5 redneG Cisgender Female 0 1 2 3 9 Cisgender Male 0 0 1 7 38 Gender Nonconforming 0 0 0 2 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/Girl 0 0 0 0 1 TBGL LGBT 0 0 0 1 1 Non-LGBT 0 1 3 11 47 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0 0 2 11 46 Limited/No English Fluency 0 1 1 1 2 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 0 1 1 No Disability 0 1 3 11 47 Overall 0 1 3 12 48 Table B30b. Adult Stops by Age Group Including Chemical Spray Use Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 126 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3 2 1 0 0 Black 46 27 12 8 1 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 79 47 23 6 1 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 2 1 1 0 0 Multiracial 3 2 0 1 0 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 4 4 0 0 0 White 47 52 18 14 5 redneG Cisgender Female 32 13 9 5 3 Cisgender Male 151 121 46 24 3 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Man/Boy 1 1 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 3 1 0 0 0 Non-L GBT 18 1 13 4 55 29 7 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 175 132 52 28 6 Limited/No En glish Fluency 9 3 3 1 1 ytilibasiD Disability 14 12 4 7 2 No Disabi lity 170 123 51 22 5 Overall 184 135 55 29 7 Table B31. Youth Stops by Age Group Including Electronic Control Device Use Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 127 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 0 1 Black 0 0 0 4 32 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0 0 1 4 70 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 0 0 1 3 Multiracial 0 0 0 1 2 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 1 0 White 0 0 1 5 23 redneG Cisgender Female 0 0 2 2 7 Cisgender Male 0 0 0 14 12 4 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 0 0 0 0 1 Non-L GBT 0 0 2 16 13 0 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0 0 1 16 123 Limited/No En glish Fluency 0 0 1 0 8 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 1 1 15 No Disabi lity 0 0 1 15 116 Overall 0 0 2 16 131 Table B31b. Adult Stops by Age Group Including Electronic Control Device Use Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 129 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 12 10 2 0 0 Black 139 110 34 16 0 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 250 202 61 10 2 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 6 12 0 1 0 Multiracial 13 8 1 0 0 Native Ame rican 4 2 0 2 0 Pacific Islander 7 5 3 0 0 White 12 4 15 7 79 33 5 redneG Cisgender Female 41 27 20 7 0 Cisgender Male 508 476 160 55 7 Gender Noncon forming 1 0 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 4 3 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 1 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 10 6 3 0 0 Non-L GBT 545 50 0 17 7 62 7 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 524 473 169 59 6 Limited/No En glish Fluency 31 33 11 3 1 ytilibasiD Disability 65 52 26 16 2 No Disabi lity 490 454 154 46 5 Overall 555 506 180 62 7 Table B32. Youth Stops by Age Group Including Firearm Pointed Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 131 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 3 19 54 Black 3 2 52 360 1,13 3 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 3 4 112 682 2,160 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 0 3 9 63 Multiracial 0 0 6 19 48 Native Ame rican 0 0 4 8 9 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 3 39 White 2 2 15 14 0 412 redneG Cisgender Female 3 2 34 194 595 Cisgender Male 5 5 160 1,041 3,301 Gender Noncon forming 0 1 0 3 9 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 1 1 10 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 1 3 TBGL LGBT 0 1 3 5 39 Non-L GBT 8 7 19 2 1,23 5 3,87 9 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 8 8 193 1,221 3,766 Limited/No En glish Fluency 0 0 2 19 152 ytilibasiD Disability 0 1 5 6 55 No Disabi lity 8 7 19 0 1,23 4 3,86 3 Overall 8 8 195 1,240 3,918 Table B32b. Adult Stops by Age Group Including Firearm Pointed Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 132 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 158 161 73 28 11 Black 2,026 1,182 578 224 61 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 4,012 2,634 853 232 36 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 146 102 36 15 4 Multiracial 110 89 22 6 3 Native Ame rican 27 19 11 5 0 Pacific Islander 44 41 15 9 0 White 1,53 6 1,71 4 854 35 3 11 9 redneG Cisgender Female 1,326 991 388 128 38 Cisgender Male 6,674 4,916 2,046 738 195 Gender Noncon forming 14 8 1 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 31 13 5 4 1 Transgender Woman/G irl 14 14 2 2 0 TBGL LGBT 115 71 20 9 1 Non-L GBT 7,944 5,87 1 2,42 2 86 3 23 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 7,551 5,529 2,238 799 216 Limited/No En glish Fluency 508 413 204 73 18 ytilibasiD Disability 239 205 110 51 17 No Disabi lity 7,820 5,737 2,332 821 217 Overall 8,059 5,942 2,442 872 234 Table B33. Youth Stops by Age Group Including Firearm Discharge Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 133 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 1 4 Black 0 0 2 3 7 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 0 0 1 3 21 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 0 0 0 0 Multiracial 0 0 0 1 0 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 1 White 0 0 0 1 4 redneG Cisgender Female 0 0 0 0 5 Cisgender Male 0 0 2 9 31 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 1 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 0 0 1 0 2 Non-L GBT 0 0 2 9 35 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 0 0 3 8 36 Limited/No En glish Fluency 0 0 0 1 1 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 0 0 0 No Disabi lity 0 0 3 9 37 Overall 0 0 3 9 37 Table B33b. Adult Stops by Age Group Including Firearm Discharge Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 134 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1 2 2 0 0 Black 22 18 6 2 1 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 51 39 16 3 1 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1 2 0 0 0 Multiracial 1 2 1 0 0 Native Ame rican 1 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 1 1 0 0 0 White 14 24 12 6 1 redneG Cisgender Female 13 17 6 0 0 Cisgender Male 78 71 31 11 3 Gender Noncon forming 1 0 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 2 0 0 0 0 Non-L GBT 90 88 37 11 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 87 86 33 11 3 Limited/No En glish Fluency 5 2 4 0 0 ytilibasiD Disability 3 2 3 0 0 No Disabi lity 89 86 34 11 3 Overall 92 88 37 11 3 Table B34. Youth Stops by Age Group Including Canine Bites Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 135 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 0 0 0 0 1 Black 0 0 1 8 32 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 1 1 1 5 38 Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 0 0 0 0 1 Multiracial 0 0 0 0 0 Native Ame rican 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 White 0 0 0 2 12 redneG Cisgender Female 1 1 0 1 5 Cisgender Male 0 0 2 14 76 Gender Noncon forming 0 0 0 0 1 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 0 0 2 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 0 0 0 0 3 Non-L GBT 1 1 2 15 81 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1 1 2 14 76 Limited/No En glish Fluency 0 0 0 1 8 ytilibasiD Disability 0 0 0 0 5 No Disabi lity 1 1 2 15 79 Overall 1 1 2 15 84 Table B34b. Adult Stops by Age Group Including Canine Bites Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 137 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 3 3 4 0 0 Black 47 15 11 2 0 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 107 67 19 2 1 Middle Eastern/Sou th 2 0 2 0 0 Asian Multir acial 5 6 1 0 0 Native Ame rican 0 0 1 0 0 Pacific Islander 1 3 0 0 0 White 53 46 32 15 3 redneG Cisgender Female 19 14 9 2 0 Cisgender Male 199 125 60 17 4 Gender Noncon forming 0 1 0 0 0 Transgender Man/Boy 0 0 1 0 0 Transgender Woman/G irl 0 0 0 0 0 TBGL LGBT 3 1 2 0 0 Non-L GBT 21 5 13 9 68 19 4 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 207 126 67 19 4 Limited/No En glish 11 14 3 0 0 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 6 7 3 1 0 No Disabi lity 21 2 13 3 67 18 4 Overall 218 140 70 19 4 Table B35. Percentage of Youth by Age Group Asked for Consent to Search Identity Group Subgroup Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 139 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 2.33% 2.48% 8.58% 3.96% 1.54% Black 4.18% 5.60% 7.30% 7.89% 6.09% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 4.27% 5.08% 8.53% 8.96% 4.95% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1.72% 0.76% 9.94% 3.08% 1.16% Multiracial 4.50% 4.35% 10.93% 8.88% 4.36% Native Ame rican 9.09% 11.11% 1.89% 3.54% 3.10% Pacific Islander 4.55% 0.00% 1.89% 5.01% 2.88% White 3.10% 3.57% 6.34% 2.91% 1.81% redneG Cisgender Female 1.77% 3.65% 6.78% 4.09% 1.93% Cisgender Male 4.89% 4.75% 8.22% 7.35% 4.71% Gender Noncon forming 3.57% 7.69% 13.73% 8.13% 3.06% Transgender Man/Boy 0.00% 12.50% 12.00% 5.82% 5.83% Transgender Woman/G irl 0.00% 0.00% 14.29% 6.10% 7.14% TBGL LGBT 0.00% 11.76% 12.78% 8.04% 4.88% Non-L GBT 3.77% 4.34% 7.72% 6.45% 3.90% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 3.89% 4.44% 7.77% 6.39% 3.86% Limited/No En glish Fluency 2.11% 4.10% 8.67% 8.49% 5.21% ytilibasiD Disability 9.84% 4.02% 8.77% 12.18% 11.77% No Disabi lity 3.64% 4.45% 7.73% 6.35% 3.87% Overall 3.75% 4.42% 7.81% 6.46% 3.91% Table B35b. Percentage of Adult by Age Group Asked for Consent to Search Identity Group Subgroup Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ 141 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 1.90% 2.22% 1.62% 1.05% 0.71% Black 6.22% 5.31% 4.72% 3.59% 2.48% Hispa nic/Latine(x) 5.67% 5.72% 4.22% 2.53% 1.62% Middle Eastern/Sou th Asian 1.36% 1.33% 1.03% 0.74% 0.47% Multiracial 4.89% 5.36% 4.38% 2.88% 2.04% Native Ame rican 4.60% 6.09% 5.87% 4.22% 1.52% Pacific Islander 3.74% 4.01% 3.89% 2.11% 1.07% White 4.01% 4.73% 4.07% 2.87% 1.40% redneG Cisgender Female 2.63% 2.77% 2.24% 1.47% 0.81% Cisgender Male 5.77% 5.78% 4.52% 3.04% 1.71% Gender Noncon forming 4.05% 4.51% 5.68% 2.71% 1.66% Transgender Man/Boy 7.53% 7.85% 5.73% 4.61% 5.22% Transgender Woman/G irl 6.14% 7.48% 6.82% 5.93% 5.00% TBGL LGBT 6.68% 7.18% 5.86% 3.91% 3.51% Non-L GBT 4.87% 4.89% 3.86% 2.61% 1.43% detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 4.88% 4.91% 3.90% 2.63% 1.42% Limited/No En glish Fluency 5.03% 4.80% 3.50% 2.43% 1.76% ytilibasiD Disability 11.85% 11.71% 11.54% 9.79% 7.24% No Disabi lity 4.82% 4.83% 3.78% 2.51% 1.31% Overall 4.89% 4.90% 3.87% 2.61% 1.44% Table B36. Youth Stops Including Warnings, Citations, or Arrests by Age Group Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Identity Subgroup Group Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest 143 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 116 82 11 38 56 6 53 57 58 Black 142 72 34 147 54 44 199 103 673 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 544 463 155 507 240 94 974 627 1,752 Middle 50 36 5 49 48 7 37 28 22 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 35 21 9 16 20 1 26 11 52 Native Ame rican 6 5 0 2 1 0 5 5 25 Pacific Islander 7 8 0 10 1 0 8 6 15 White 32 5 27 6 76 215 19 6 36 65 9 33 0 451 redneG Cisgender Female 441 378 72 251 220 39 431 335 964 Cisgender Male 779 576 216 729 394 145 1,515 826 2,056 Gender 4 8 1 2 2 2 5 4 15 Nonconforming Transgender 1 1 0 2 0 0 10 2 10 Man/Boy Transgend er 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 6 4 3 10 2 8 15 12 35 Non-L GBT 1,21 9 95 9 28 7 974 61 4 18 0 1,94 6 1,15 5 3,01 3 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 1,100 882 279 913 560 185 1,862 1,106 2,961 Limited/No En glish 125 81 11 71 56 3 99 61 87 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 5 2 1 6 2 3 12 5 51 No Disabi lity 1,22 0 96 1 28 9 97 8 61 4 18 5 1,94 9 1,16 2 2,99 7 Overall 1,225 963 290 984 616 188 1,961 1,167 3,048 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Subgroup Group Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest 144 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 640 922 232 11,091 21,553 2,570 Black 1,670 1,126 2,399 27,213 32,810 12,152 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 8,673 9,259 6,929 117,177 188,150 47,391 Middle 577 1,194 175 8,576 21,683 1,685 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 257 277 248 3,139 4,954 1,206 Native Ame rican 50 36 65 617 769 347 Pacific Islander 95 120 54 1,312 2,035 411 White 8,11 7 9,342 2,26 4 63,356 99,184 15,56 3 redneG Cisgender Female 5,239 6,027 2,820 63,439 112,859 20,544 Cisgender Male 14,746 16,172 9,442 167,959 256,963 60,313 Gender 37 53 48 535 963 190 Nonconforming Transgender 48 17 34 400 231 161 Man/Boy Transgend er 9 7 22 148 122 117 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 144 98 141 1,963 2,400 1,223 Non-L GBT 19,93 5 22,17 8 12,22 5 230,51 8 368,73 8 80,102 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 19,264 21,532 11,918 224,250 358,276 76,440 Limited/No En glish 815 744 448 8,231 12,862 4,885 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 55 29 110 486 297 777 No Disabi lity 20,02 4 22,24 7 12,25 6 231,99 5 370,84 1 80,54 8 Overall 20,079 22,276 12,366 232,481 371,138 81,325 Table B36b. Adult Stops Including Warnings, Citations, or Arrests by Age Group Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Identity Subgroup Group Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest 145 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 22,614 42,022 6,321 19,386 35,827 6,311 15,662 27,617 4,579 Black 78,190 75,362 35,822 50,332 48,551 25,298 29,025 26,982 13,542 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 226,748 311,276 115,269 158,557 208,846 82,356 93,758 126,946 38,781 Middle 22,808 46,808 4,374 20,302 36,458 3,936 13,288 21,978 2,264 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 6,363 8,471 3,089 4,753 5,796 2,312 2,667 3,465 1,201 Native Ame rican 1,251 1,126 974 1,134 940 955 902 643 599 Pacific Islander 2,833 3,756 1,290 2,428 3,005 1,028 1,540 1,926 553 White 127,39 0 164,69 2 55,867 127,57 9 145,35 8 61,439 97,183 107,14 1 38,19 7 redneG Cisgender Female 130,989 203,380 53,406 109,465 155,438 45,039 70,497 96,345 24,647 Cisgender Male 354,896 447,849 168,264 273,553 328,155 137,691 182,699 219,676 74,657 Gender 1,151 1,596 466 713 821 302 450 475 149 Nonconforming Transgender 763 435 532 493 239 381 271 138 177 Man/Boy Transgend er 398 253 337 247 128 222 107 64 86 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 4,385 4,530 3,709 2,447 2,262 2,291 1,167 1,223 1,031 Non-L GBT 483,81 2 648,98 3 219,29 7 382,02 4 482,51 9 181,34 4 252,85 8 315,47 5 98,685 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 465,048 622,361 209,559 359,921 454,111 171,263 233,771 293,119 92,203 Limited/No En glish 23,149 31,152 13,447 24,550 30,670 12,372 20,254 23,579 7,513 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 2,189 856 4,003 2,277 929 4,189 1,743 701 2,638 No Disabi lity 486,00 8 652,65 7 219,00 3 382,19 4 483,85 2 179,44 6 252,28 2 315,99 7 97,078 Overall 488,197 653,513 223,006 384,471 484,781 183,635 254,025 316,698 99,716 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Subgroup Group Warning Citation Arrest Warning Citation Arrest 146 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 8,535 16,347 2,505 4,844 8,335 1,341 Black 14,522 15,536 7,401 5,241 5,898 2,034 Hispa nic/Latine(x) 36,983 58,469 13,295 11,533 17,442 3,504 Middle 5,853 10,662 1,006 2,264 4,223 437 Eastern/South Asian Multiracial 1,247 1,831 500 591 884 170 Native Ame rican 481 342 240 267 163 56 Pacific Islander 628 989 222 285 427 80 White 67,30 9 80,60 5 22,67 9 45,71 7 48,10 1 9,13 2 redneG Cisgender Female 36,717 51,960 11,409 22,314 25,347 4,472 Cisgender Male 98,429 132,405 36,272 48,216 59,957 12,230 Gender 241 308 66 124 127 20 Nonconforming Transgender 115 79 67 64 29 22 Man/Boy Transgend er 56 29 34 24 13 10 Woman/Girl TBGL LGBT 570 694 443 257 256 168 Non-L GBT 134,98 8 184,08 7 47,40 5 70,48 5 85,21 7 16,58 6 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 125,212 171,791 44,700 66,033 80,142 15,703 Limited/No En glish 10,346 12,990 3,148 4,709 5,331 1,051 Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 1,325 510 1,592 909 419 745 No Disabi lity 134,23 3 184,27 1 46,256 69,83 3 85,05 4 16,00 9 Overall 135,558 184,781 47,848 70,742 85,473 16,754 Table B37. Average Duration of Stop in Minutes by Consent to Search and Identity Among Youth Stops by Age Group21 Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Youth 18-24 Identity Group Subgroup Consent C onsent Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Not Not Not Not Not Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received 147 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 27 (23) 22 (NA) 18 (12) --- 64 (60) 168 (68) 61 (164) 16 (9) 47 (103) 41 (42) Black 15 (11) 60 (NA) 27 (22) 118 (1 29) 58 (66) 66 (76) 51 (116) 75 (190 ) 29 (54) 66 (151) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 26 (28) 10 (7) 44 (60) 50 (45) 52 (54) 54 (51) 45 (88) 73 (100) 29 (50) 56 (126) Middle Eastern/Sou th 6 (1) --- 10 (NA) --- 72 (68) 40 (28) 44 (51) 66 (83) 34 (41) 45 (66) Asian Multir acial 25 (18 ) --- 54 (34) 20 (N A) 61 (44) --- 44 (31) 30 (15) 37 (85) 44 (52) Native Ame rican 20 (NA) --- 20 (NA) --- 45 (NA) --- 73 (95) --- 37 (49) 60 (59) Pacific Islander --- 15 (N A) --- --- 60 (NA) --- 51 (58) --- 40 (79) 109 (157 ) White 58 (8 4) 34 (41) 32 (3 8) 26 (7 ) 56 (63) 58 (4 6) 55 (81) 63 (5 9) 39 (68) 64 (146) redneG Cisgender Female 39 (35) --- 37 (35) 50 (49) 59 (63) 64 (55) 61 (98) 63 (67) 38 (46) 74 (159) Cisgender Male 29 (47) 32 (3 2) 36 (52) 60 (78) 52 (56) 58 (58) 45 (91) 71 (115) 30 (56) 55 (124) Gender Noncon forming --- 1 (NA) 90 (NA) --- 64 (66) 30 (NA) 39 (37) --- 75 (220) 64 (62) Transgender Man/Boy --- --- 45 (NA) --- 76 (49) 67 (72) 72 (100) 31 (1 4) 29 (37) 34 (24) Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- --- --- 56 (47) 32 (18) 87 (88) --- 38 (36) 78 (72) TBGL LGBT --- --- 76 (45) --- 62 (69) 39 (41) 52 (57) 31 (14) 39 (92) 56 (58) Non-L GBT 31 (4 5) 28 (3 1) 35 (48) 56 (6 6) 54 (58) 60 (57) 47 (93) 70 (107) 31 (55) 58 (131) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 31 (46) 28 (31) 37 (49) 56 (67) 55 (58) 60 (57) 48 (93) 72 (110) 30 (54) 57 (131) Limited/No En glish 26 (21) --- 39 (30) 60 (NA) 46 (51) 40 (22) 41 (57) 30 (23) 40 (82) 85 (113) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 26 (53) --- 85 (65) --- 71 (59) 75 (44) 56 (46) 59 (41) 65 (104) 67 (74) No Disabi lity 31 (45) 28 (3 1) 33 (44) 56 (6 6) 53 (58) 57 (57) 47 (94) 70 (108) 30 (54) 58 (131) Overall 31 (45) 28 (31) 37 (48) 56 (66) 54 (58) 59 (56) 48 (92) 69 (107) 31 (55) 58 (131) 21 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. Table B37b. Average Duration of Stop in Minutes by Consent to Search and Identity Among Adult Stops by Age Group22 Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Adult 45-54 Adult 55-64 Adult 65+ Identity Group Subgroup Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Consent Co nsent Consent C onsent Not Not Not Not Not Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received Received 149 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 40 (68) 53 (67) 41 (60) 64 (161) 39 (52) 69 (164) 36 (35) 69 (74) 49 (50) 59 (71) Black 29 (53) 50 (108) 34 (60) 50 (92) 36 (61) 60 (124) 39 (70) 44 (53) 41 (47) 114 (245 ) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 30 (48) 54 (113) 32 (52) 51 (101) 33 (53) 48 (79) 35 (66) 55 (107) 39 (47) 55 (69) Middle Eastern/Sou th 40 (82) 48 (77) 42 (76) 52 (84) 36 (42) 39 (44) 49 (80) 106 (100) 70 (122) 44 (38) Asian Multir acial 31 (39) 55 (79) 34 (45) 61 (71) 35 (58) 58 (66) 38 (35) 116 (144) 43 (39) 102 (117 ) Native Ame rican 38 (46) 37 (31) 36 (46) 92 (227) 40 (50) 39 (44) 29 (24) 50 (56) 16 (8) 25 (23) Pacific Islander 43 (66) 121 (315 ) 40 (97) 64 (125) 45 (81) 132 (325 ) 32 (31) 48 (29) 104 (123 ) 6 (1) White 37 (62) 53 (101) 37 (64) 50 (85) 37 (68) 48 (77) 39 (70) 47 (55) 40 (49) 52 (59 ) redneG Cisgender Female 40 (64) 60 (120) 41 (65) 56 (95) 40 (51) 56 (86) 44 (71) 49 (49) 47 (48) 54 (57) Cisgender Male 30 (50) 51 (105) 33 (56) 50 (96) 34 (61) 50 (95) 37 (67) 50 (74) 40 (50) 61 (108) Gender Noncon forming 40 (73) 81 (240) 35 (36) 47 (64) 80 (191) 37 (24) 38 (35) 84 (44) 74 (73) 60 (NA) Transgender Man/Boy 33 (42) 52 (52) 40 (49) 113 (333 ) 46 (47) 54 (64) 46 (54) 105 (140 ) 49 (53) 17 (17) Transgender Woman/G irl 68 (189) 40 (24) 44 (79) 80 (89) 32 (24) 83 (33) 34 (18) 60 (42) 20 (14) 5 (NA) TBGL LGBT 38 (71) 53 (60) 37 (54) 69 (188) 42 (61) 77 (115) 33 (31) 78 (80) 41 (43) 27 (31) Non-L GBT 31 (53) 53 (109) 34 (58) 51 (96) 35 (60) 51 (93) 38 (68) 50 (70) 41 (50) 59 (99) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 31 (53) 52 (108) 34 (58) 51 (97) 35 (61) 50 (94) 38 (69) 50 (72) 41 (50) 58 (100) Limited/No En glish 40 (57) 78 (122) 40 (56) 64 (89) 38 (51) 62 (77) 38 (41) 51 (50) 44 (51) 69 (85) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 45 (78) 69 (122) 44 (64) 77 (161) 48 (73) 73 (195) 44 (51) 60 (71) 54 (70) 63 (60) No Disabi lity 31 (52) 53 (108) 34 (58) 50 (94) 35 (59) 50 (86) 37 (69) 49 (70) 39 (47) 58 (103) Overall 32 (53) 53 (109) 34 (58) 51 (97) 35 (60) 51 (93) 38 (68) 50 (71) 41 (50) 59 (99) 22 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. Table B38. Average Duration of Stop in Minutes for All Youth Stops Compared to Stops with No Actions Taken and Stops Resulting in Warning, Citation, or No Action by Age Group23 Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation During Stop Action Warning Citation 151 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 8 (6) 40 (83) 7 (5) 9 (6) 15 (39) 19 (57) 22 (34) 24 (91) 10 (4) 25 (56) Black 15 (23 ) 28 (32) 10 (10 ) 10 (6) 22 (33) 23 (39) 29 (35) 15 (15) 15 (17) 37 (53) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 16 (37) 24 (35) 12 (46) 13 (18) 22 (54) 20 (35) 27 (37) 14 (18) 13 (11) 29 (44) Middle Eastern/Sou th 24 (123) 22 (45) 31 (173) 11 (5) 24 (116) 13 (23) 24 (48) 8 (4) 10 (2) 16 (37) Asian Multir acial 14 (23) 16 (19) 8 (5) 10 (13) 17 (24) 14 (16) 18 (22) 15 (21 ) 9 (1) 19 (22) Native Ame rican 11 (11) 4 (1) 17 (12 ) 20 (14) 14 (11) 7 (4) 8 (9) 12 (4) 10 (NA ) 43 (83) Pacific Islander 8 (4) 29 (22 ) 9 (4) 8 (2) 15 (16) 11 (8) 8 (3) 13 (9) 8 (NA) 15 (14) White 18 (65 ) 28 (102) 14 (44 ) 10 (10 ) 21 (65) 17 (23) 19 (27 ) 12 (15) 11 (6) 26 (36) redneG Cisgender Female 16 (60) 29 (85) 12 (50) 10 (9) 21 (71) 20 (36) 26 (39) 12 (14) 11 (6) 30 (46) Cisgender Male 16 (43) 24 (45) 13 (53) 12 (17) 21 (47) 18 (32) 24 (31) 14 (27) 12 (11) 27 (43) Gender Noncon forming 13 (19) 16 (25) 10 (14) 7 (5) 13 (18) 42 (38) --- 22 (11) 6 (2) 45 (40) Transgender Man/Boy 7 (3) --- 9 (NA) 5 (NA ) 7 (3) 70 (66) 10 (N A) 45 (0) --- 58 (49) Transgender Woman/G irl --- --- --- --- 5 (NA ) 10 (NA) 10 (NA) --- --- 30 (22) TBGL LGBT 16 (21) 25 (32) 15 (17) 8 (3) 17 (18) 43 (93) 10 (0) 20 (15) 10 (0) 46 (73) Non-L GBT 16 (50) 26 (63) 12 (52) 12 (14 ) 21 (57) 19 (32) 25 (34) 14 (24) 12 (10) 28 (44) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 16 (51) 26 (64) 13 (55) 11 (11) 21 (58) 19 (34) 24 (33) 14 (24) 12 (9) 28 (44) Limited/No En glish 13 (24) 27 (49) 8 (10) 14 (33) 18 (39) 15 (21) 33 (54) 18 (28) 13 (12) 27 (43) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 97 (244) 22 (27) 251 (545) 8 (3) 66 (164) 59 (69) 42 (28) 38 (41) 9 (1) 62 (58) No Disabi lity 15 (44) 26 (63) 12 (39) 12 (14 ) 20 (53) 17 (30) 24 (34) 14 (24) 12 (10 ) 26 (42) 23 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. Youth 1-7 Youth 8-11 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation During Stop Action Warning Citation Overall 16 (50) 26 (63) 12 (52) 11 (14) 21 (57) 19 (33) 25 (34) 14 (24) 12 (10) 28 (44) Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation During Stop Action Warning Citation 152 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 26 (33) 42 (55) 14 (15) 18 (22) 39 (46) 16 (59) 22 (32) 13 (58) 14 (50) 25 (66) Black 36 (45) 38 (37) 39 (47) 34 (28) 57 (73) 23 (61) 29 (45) 21 (34) 23 (64) 48 (88) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 30 (53) 36 (88) 25 (54) 33 (55) 46 (75) 20 (58) 31 (72) 19 (48) 22 (55) 36 (73) Middle Eastern/Sou th 33 (77) 60 (146) 17 (16) 18 (19) 48 (89) 16 (55) 20 (23) 11 (12) 18 (68) 22 (59) Asian Multir acial 28 (37) 54 (76) 18 (25) 31 (41) 49 (53) 20 (88) 28 (31) 25 (127) 14 (14) 34 (77) Native Ame rican 32 (29) 76 (79) 28 (18) 32 (25) 56 (56) 35 (150) 21 (23) 18 (25) 14 (8) 58 (121) Pacific Islander 23 (27) 33 (30) 20 (13) 13 (14) 31 (25) 22 (98) 30 (43) 29 (147) 14 (11) 38 (101) White 23 (33) 28 (35) 18 (23) 19 (21) 40 (52) 15 (62) 23 (58) 14 (68) 15 (48) 24 (68) redneG Cisgender Female 32 (39) 37 (46) 24 (31) 29 (64) 49 (67) 19 (66) 31 (66) 17 (71) 16 (44) 33 (76) Cisgender Male 26 (50) 35 (82) 23 (47) 28 (32) 45 (70) 17 (57) 27 (62) 17 (50) 19 (55) 32 (72) Gender Noncon forming 40 (34) 51 (NA) 45 (49) 28 (17) 55 (44) 45 (157) 44 (33) 16 (19) 61 (221) 52 (119) Transgender Man/Boy 56 (80) 27 (29) 24 (16) 42 (39) 63 (65) 73 (251) 23 (21) 76 (288) 19 (20) 64 (154) Transgender Woman/G irl 76 (55) 15 (NA) --- --- 64 (46) 22 (18) 44 (51) 21 (15) 20 (20) 46 (49) TBGL LGBT 66 (204) 16 (17) 24 (15) 38 (37) 62 (119) 38 (150) 26 (25) 36 (168) 25 (105) 49 (109) Non-L GBT 28 (41) 36 (73) 23 (44) 28 (44) 46 (68) 18 (60) 28 (64) 17 (57) 18 (53) 32 (73) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 29 (47) 35 (72) 24 (44) 28 (44) 47 (69) 18 (62) 28 (64) 17 (59) 18 (53) 32 (74) Limited/No En glish 22 (27) 46 (105) 19 (23) 22 (24) 38 (50) 14 (19) 24 (39) 13 (13) 19 (34) 30 (54) Fluency Youth 12-14 Youth 15-17 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation During Stop Action Warning Citation 153 ytilibasiD Disability 65 (122) 64 (122) 43 (48) 56 (38) 67 (81) 53 (100) 41 (36) 29 (47) 20 (12) 66 (83) No Disabi lity 27 (39) 35 (71) 23 (43) 28 (43) 45 (68) 17 (61) 28 (63) 17 (58) 18 (53) 32 (73) Overall 28 (47) 35 (73) 23 (44) 28 (43) 46 (69) 18 (61) 28 (63) 17 (58) 18 (53) 32 (73) Youth 18-24 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 13 (52) 16 (57) 12 (65) 14 (46) 15 (56) Black 15 (64) 20 (51) 14 (56) 18 (69) 23 (67) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 14 (55) 19 (59) 12 (48) 16 (57) 19 (57) Middle Eastern/Sou th 16 (72) 21 (97) 11 (46) 18 (77) 18 (71) Asian Multir acial 13 (61) 20 (63) 12 (58) 14 (54) 18 (62) Native Ame rican 15 (54) 28 (120) 10 (33) 16 (39) 26 (80) Pacific Islander 18 (95) 28 (121) 15 (89) 20 (93) 23 (93) White 13 (61) 18 (79) 11 (62) 15 (59) 17 (65) redneG Cisgender Female 14 (60) 21 (73) 12 (57) 15 (59) 18 (62) Cisgender Male 14 (59) 18 (62) 12 (53) 16 (60) 19 (61) Gender Noncon forming 15 (50) 15 (20) 13 (55) 15 (46) 22 (66) Transgender Man/Boy 20 (91) 23 (44) 20 (109) 18 (33) 31 (83) Transgender Woman/G irl 19 (90) 25 (36) 12 (19) 27 (130) 34 (89) TBGL LGBT 14 (60) 17 (26) 14 (73) 14 (33) 23 (63) Non-L GBT 14 (59) 19 (65) 12 (54) 16 (60) 19 (61) Youth 18-24 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation 154 detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 14 (60) 19 (65) 12 (55) 16 (60) 18 (62) Limited/No En glish 14 (30) 22 (44) 12 (37) 16 (27) 22 (47) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 30 (82) 39 (115) 19 (68) 17 (15) 53 (79) No Disabi lity 14 (59) 19 (64) 12 (54) 16 (60) 18 (61) Overall 14 (59) 19 (65) 12 (54) 16 (60) 19 (61) Table B38b. Average Duration of Stop in Minutes for All Adult Stops Compared to Stops with No Actions Taken and Stops Resulting in Warning, Citation, or No Action by Age Group24 Adult 25-34 Adult 35-44 Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation During Stop Action Warning Citation 24 In this table, the first number presented is the average, and the number in parentheses is the standard deviation. yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 12 (49) 18 (69) 10 (48) 13 (48) 16 (54) 12 (43) 16 (45) 10 (45) 13 (45) 15 (50) Black 14 (53) 18 (51) 13 (47) 16 (54) 22 (60) 13 (49) 18 (52) 12 (46) 15 (49) 22 (59) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 13 (50) 18 (57) 12 (47) 15 (48) 19 (55) 13 (51) 18 (56) 12 (52) 15 (48) 20 (56) Middle Eastern/Sou th 15 (61) 17 (67) 12 (50) 17 (64) 17 (62) 14 (55) 21 (97) 11 (47) 16 (56) 17 (58) Asian Multir acial 12 (46) 17 (47) 12 (58) 13 (41) 19 (54) 12 (49) 20 (83) 12 (52) 12 (41) 18 (55) Native Ame rican 15 (69) 23 (51) 15 (84) 16 (45) 28 (77) 15 (68) 34 (142) 15 (87) 14 (24) 30 (88) Pacific Islander 15 (73) 24 (107) 12 (67) 18 (81) 23 (84) 15 (72) 22 (81) 13 (69) 17 (70) 23 (84) White 13 (54) 19 (72) 11 (53) 14 (51) 19 (61) 13 (54) 20 (66) 12 (56) 14 (49) 20 (62) Adult 65+ Identity Group Subgroup No Action Result of Result of Result of Taken Stop: No Stop: Stop: All Stops During Stop Action Warning Citation 156 yticinhtE/ecaR Asian 12 (51) 16 (53) 12 (63) 13 (43) 15 (52) Black 13 (45) 17 (26) 11 (43) 15 (48) 20 (55) Hispa nic/Latine(x) 13 (47) 20 (60) 12 (48) 14 (45) 16 (50) Middle Eastern/Sou th 14 (61) 18 (31) 11 (49) 16 (64) 16 (63) Asian Multir acial 11 (49) 14 (18) 11 (48) 12 (51) 14 (51) Native Ame rican 13 (53) 16 (25) 8 (5) 22 (90) 18 (55) Pacific Islander 14 (44) 22 (39) 9 (8) 15 (55) 17 (47) White 12 (51) 16 (50) 10 (52 ) 14 (48) 16 (55) redneG Cisgender Female 12 (50) 16 (32) 10 (56) 13 (48) 15 (54) Cisgender Male 13 (49) 17 (57) 11 (49) 14 (47) 16 (54) Gender Noncon forming 29 (140) 12 (24) 10 (10) 40 (166) 30 (136) Transgender Man/Boy 12 (16) 21 (29) 9 (8) 33 (110) 30 (70) Transgender Woman/G irl 50 (229) 40 (59) 12 (15 ) 151 (399) 56 (191) TBGL LGBT 15 (83) 21 (33) 9 (10) 20 (99) 22 (84) Non-L GBT 13 (50) 17 (50) 11 (51) 14 (48) 16 (54) detimiL hsilgnE ycneulF English Fluent 13 (51) 17 (51) 11 (52) 14 (49) 16 (55) Limited/No En glish 13 (36) 18 (30) 10 (40) 14 (29) 16 (40) Fluency ytilibasiD Disability 26 (48) 28 (73) 18 (65) 16 (16) 42 (68) No Disabi lity 12 (50) 16 (48) 11 (51) 14 (48) 16 (54) Overall 13 (50) 17 (50) 11 (51) 14 (48) 16 (54) Figure C12. All Reasons for Stop by English Fluency English Fluent Limited/No English Fluency 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Percentage of Total Stops Traffic Consensual Education Code School Policy Supervision Suspicion Truancy Warrant/Wanted 163 Figure C121. Duration of Stop Comparison by Other Perceived Identities, Ages 55-64 Figure C122. Duration of Stop Comparison by Other Perceived Identities, Ages 65+ 219 Appendix D- Disparity Test Methodology D1. Residential Population Comparison Analysis Methodology Considerations and Limitations Using data collected by the United States Census Bureau to compare the racial and ethnic composition of residential populations with the composition of individuals stopped by law enforcement is a common method for monitoring enforcement patterns. There are several known limitations associated with using residential data in comparison to law enforcement stop data. • A residential population (i.e., the racial and/or ethnic distribution of individuals who reside within a given area) represents the people who may be stopped by officers. However, individuals may be stopped outside of their residential area (e.g. commuting to work, tourists). The rate of these “commuter” stops likely varies from agency to agency, and RIPA stop data do not include information on where stopped individuals reside. Additionally, agencies may concentrate their patrol efforts in certain areas and may not have an equal likelihood of encountering residents throughout all areas in their jurisdiction. • Individuals from different groups may also engage in activities, such as driving, with different average frequencies, making them more or less likely to be stopped. • Another consideration concerns the difference between the numbers of times a person may appear in the RIPA stop data compared to the residential population data collected by the United States Census Bureau. A person may be stopped multiple times within a given calendar year, which would require multiple stop data entries for the same person. Identifying whether a person appears in the data more than once is not possible with the information collected in the RIPA stop data. On the other hand, the United States Census Bureau attempts to only count a person once within the American Community Survey (ACS) by implementing procedures that are intended to address unduplicated responses in their data collection efforts.25 Due to our inability to estimate the number of recurrent stop actions – individuals who experience a stop action more than once in a year – the stop actions per capita are reported rather than an estimate of the number of individuals per capita experiencing a stop action. • There are also concerns with response bias in compiling information derived from residential surveys, such as the census; some groups are more difficult to count and may be underestimated in official data. The COVID-19 pandemic presented additional challenges to the Census Bureau’s data collection efforts that subsequently affected the 2020 ACS data.26 The Census Bureau announced that, for purposes of addressing non- response bias due to pandemic-related data collection disruptions, the methodology 25 For more information about the United States Census Bureau’s procedures for addressing duplicate responses, please visit <https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2021/04/how_we_unduplicated.html> [as of Nov. 15, 2023]. 26 For information about the United States Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, please visit <https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/about.html> [as of Nov. 15, 2023]. 220 implemented for the 2020 ACS data is different from previous years. This methodological change will be applied to subsequent estimates that include 2020 data. For additional information about the methodological changes implemented, please visit <https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technical-documentation/user- notes/2022-03.html>. • In addition to general concerns with residential population benchmarking, there are also several limitations that are unique to comparing RIPA stop data to ACS data. First, 2023 ACS data were not available through Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) at the time this report was written.27 The 2023 RIPA stop data demographics were instead compared to the 2022 ACS demographics. Moreover, RIPA stop data regulations and the ACS categorize racial and/or ethnic groups differently.28 ACS data have racial and/or ethnic groups that are not explicitly captured by RIPA regulations. This is discussed in more detail in the sections below. • Finally, the source of race and/or ethnicity information for each dataset is collected differently. Race and/or ethnicity is recorded for RIPA based on officer’s perception, while ACS respondents self-identify. Thus, comparisons between these datasets operate under the assumption that officers’ perceptions often agree with how an individual self identifies. Methodology Data and Variables for Tables E1 and E1b To perform the residential population comparison analyses, the RIPA analysts compared the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey 5-year data (2019-2022) to the RIPA 2023 Stop Data. In previous years, this analysis used the race/ethnicity categories as defined by the Census Bureau’s Hispanic/Latino Origin by Race table B03002 (see table D1b below). However, a major limitation of this method is that detailed age and intersectional identity data is not available. A way to examine the age and intersectional identity data categories missing from Census tables is to download ACS microdata from IPUMS, a service that provides free access to Census microdata. The microdata includes detailed population information including age, English fluency, male and female gender identity, as well as detailed race and ancestry information. Access to the microdata further allowed us to refine the population estimates for race categories to match more closely those as defined by the RIPA regulations. The Census tables categorize race and ethnicity differently than the RIPA regulations. For instance, the Census does not categorize Middle Eastern/South Asian as its own standalone category, but RIPA does. Historically, this meant that certain racial/ethnic categories could not be included in the comparison analysis in past years. However, access to the microdata allows us to recode the original Census racial/ethnic categories using a combination of detailed variables: RACED, HISPAN, ANCESTR1, and ANCESTR2. Page 6 of the RIPA Regulations defines each of the 27 For information about IPUMS, please visit <https://www.ipums.org/> [as of Nov. 15, 2023]. 28 For example, RIPA regulations explicitly include Israeli individuals in the Middle Eastern/South Asian group, but the ACS does not have an Israeli category. 221 racial/ethnic categories for RIPA’s purposes. These regulations were used as a guide for recoding the Census data. The Black, White, and Native American categories required no substantial recoding, while Middle Eastern/South Asian, Asian, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, and Hispanic/Latine(x) did. For instance, to create a Middle Eastern category, the race, ancestry, and Hispanic ACS variables were used to distinguish who identified as White (RACED=100), had origins in North Africa/Middle East (ANCESTR1 or ANCESTR2=400-496), and did not self-identify as Hispanic (HISPAN=0). This group was then combined with the South Asian group that was created. The Hispanic/Latine(x) category included everyone who self-identified as any one race and Hispanic (HISPAN ≠ 0). Individuals who identified as more than one race and Hispanic/Latine(x) were categorized as Multiracial. This is the same operational definition used to identify Hispanic/Latine(x) individuals in past RIPA reports using the Census Bureau’s Hispanic/Latino Origin by Race table B03002. The resulting numbers were checked against the Census’s reported population demographics (this dataset). As expected, some variables would match up exactly (such as Black and Native American), while others would have different numbers due to the recoding. Additionally, it should be expected that statistics calculated using the IPUMS-downloaded data are different from the official statistics reported by the U.S. Census. This is because official statistics are calculated using restricted-access data, which are more detailed than the publicly accessible data released on IPUMS. As such, the estimates should be within the margin of error, but slight differences are not uncommon.29 The IPUMS microdata was used for all ACS census comparisons in this report apart from table E1c. Data and Variables for Table E1c One of the limitations to using the IPUMS data described above is that location data is not consistently available at smaller-level geographies, such as place. Full place-level analyses, such as the one in Table E1c, can be performed when using data directly from the U.S. Census Bureau data portal (as was used in last year’s report). However, this means that the Census’s racial/ethnic categories, which were used for previous year’s RIPA reports and do not match with RIPA’s definition as closely as those reported in tables E1 and E1b, must be used for this specific comparison. As such, it is important to highlight that the ACS variables used for comparisons in Tables E1 and E1b are different than the ACS variables used in Table E1c. The differences in the categorizations are demonstrated in Tables D1 and D1b below. Table D1. ACS-RIPA Variable Comparisons for Appendix Tables E1 and E1b RIPA Racial and/or Ethnic Comparison ACS Variable Label Group Asian Asian 29 For more information about this issue, please visit: https://blog.popdata.org/calculations/ 222 Black Black Hispanic/Latine(x) Hispanic/Latine(x) Middle Easten/South Asian Middle Easten/South Asian Multiracial Multiracial Native American Native American Other N/A Pacific Islander Pacific Islander White White Table D1b. ACS-RIPA Variable Comparisons for Appendix Table E1c; Census Table B03002 ACS RIPA Racial and/or Ethnic Variable ACS Variable Label Comparison Group Name B03002 003 Not Hispanic or Latino: White alone White B03002_004 Not Hispanic or Latino: Black or African Black American alone B03002_005 Not Hispanic or Latino: American Indian and Native American Alaska Native alone B03002 006 Not Hispanic or Latino: Asian alone Asian B03002_007 Not Hispanic or Latino: Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Other Pacific Islander alone B03002_008 Not Hispanic or Latino: Some other race alone N/A Multiracial B03002_009 Not Hispanic or Latino: Two or more races Multiracial B03002_019 Hispanic or Latino: Two or more races Hispanic/Latino B03002_013 Hispanic or Latino: White alone B03002_014 Hispanic or Latino: Black or African American alone B03002_015 Hispanic or Latino: American Indian and Alaska Native alone Hispanic/Latine(x) B03002_016 Hispanic or Latino: Asian alone B03002_017 Hispanic or Latino: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone B03002_018 Hispanic or Latino: Some other race alone N/A N/A Middle Eastern/South Asian Statistical Analysis 223 Stop demographics for each police department, sheriff’s department, district attorney’s office, or coroner’s office were compared to their primary city or county of service, respectively.30 For example, the racial and/or ethnic distribution of individuals stopped by San Francisco Police Department was compared to the racial and/or ethnic distribution of San Francisco city residents in the ACS data. There are two exceptions; the first is for California Highway Patrol, which was compared to the state population. Second, only municipal police, county sheriff agencies, county district attorney offices, and county coroner’s offices were included in the residential analyses since their agency jurisdictions are clearly defined in ways that allow comparison to ACS data. The agencies that were excluded due to their jurisdictions failing to align with sampled geographic areas in the ACS will not have 2022 ACS population estimates displayed in Table E1. Benchmarking using residential population data involves comparing the distribution of racial and/or ethnic groups stopped by law enforcement to the distribution of residents in the areas serviced by agencies who submitted data in 2024. Since all law enforcement agencies were required to submit stop data in 2024, it was not necessary to apply the weighting process that was required in previous years. Weighting by agencies was implemented previously with the intention that the overall state residential population comparison was more reflective of just the areas served by agencies that collected RIPA data. The proportion of the state population within racial and ethnic groups in the ACS is used as a benchmark for the racial and ethnic composition of statewide RIPA reported stops. For example, to calculate the proportion of Asian individuals residing in California, take the group’s respective estimate for the number of Asian residents and divide it by the total state population estimate. This number is then compared to the number of stopped individuals that were perceived to be Asian divided by the total number of stops. The jurisdiction-specific residential population benchmarks are generated by calculating each racial group’s proportion within the respective jurisdiction using the estimates reported in the ACS. Each racial group’s proportion is calculated by taking each individual group’s estimate and dividing it by the sum of the total population for a given jurisdiction. For example, to find the population benchmark of Asian individuals for the San Benito County Sheriff’s Office, divide the group’s respective estimate for the number of Asian residents residing in San Benito County by the total county population estimate. This number is then compared to the number of stopped individuals perceived to be Asian reported by San Benito County Sheriff’s Office divided by the total number of stops reported by this agency. Agency residential population comparisons are repeated for each agency separately. D2. Statewide Per Capita Stop Action Rates Methodology Appendix Section D1 describes the methods used to compare the racial and/or ethnic composition of people stopped with the racial and/or ethnic composition of residents, both 30 These comparisons are approximate since agency jurisdictions do not always map perfectly to the boundaries of their primary city or county of service. 224 statewide and within specific jurisdictions. Additionally, ACS data were used to calculate a statewide per capita rate of experiencing a specific stop action31 for different racial and/or ethnic groups during 2022. Since the number of people within each racial and/or ethnic group varies, per capita rates32 provide a meaningful way to make comparisons between groups. For example, to calculate the per capita rate of searches for individuals perceived as Native American, divide the frequency of searches reported for this group by the population estimate reported for Native Americans in the ACS for the state of California. Afterwards, multiply the result by 100,000. The resulting number (X) is the per capita search rate of Native American residents of California and can be read as for every 100,000 Native American residents, officers reported performing X searches of people they perceived as Native American. The limitations and considerations associated with this type of analysis are consistent with those discussed when comparing stop data to residential population data. Please see Appendix Section D1 for further information regarding considerations and limitations to such approaches. D3. Discovery Rate Analysis Methodology Considerations and Limitations Discovery rate analyses avoid some of the issues associated with other methods because they do not require the stop data to be compared to external information (e.g. residential population data). However, discovery rate analyses also rely on assumptions about the behavior of individuals in different identity groups. Disparate treatment between racial and/or ethnic groups is identified when search and discovery rates are opposed (e.g. Black individuals have high search rates but low discovery rates). 33 When these statistics do not move in opposite directions, it is more difficult to determine whether disparate treatment is present. It is also possible that there are observable factors that could influence an officer’s decision to search someone that are not captured by RIPA stop data. The effectiveness in predicting the presence of contraband based on certain suspicious behaviors may also vary between racial and/or ethnic groups.34 Finally, the strength of the assumptions for discovery rate analyses may vary depending on the type of search being conducted. For example, consent searches include all searches where the only basis included was consent given. Thus, these searches do not include an element of probable cause, which may impact the assumptions underlying their analysis and results. 31 For the purposes of this explanation, the term “stop actions” is not limited to the list of actions taken by officer during stop as defined under section 999.226 (12)(A)(1-23) of the RIPA regulations. Rather, “stop actions” refers to a broader set of data elements reported, such as the primary reason for stop, actions taken by officer during the stop, and the result of stop. 32 A per capita rate is: for every 100,000 residents of a race and/or ethnicity group, the number of stops of the race and/or ethnicity group involving the given stop action. 33 See Anwar and Fang, An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence (2006) Am. Econ. Rev. 96(1) <https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/000282806776157579>. 34 See Simoui et al., The Problem of Infra-Marginality in Outcome Tests for Discrimination (2017) Ann. Appl. Stat. 11(3) <https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05376.> 225 Regression Analysis Regression analysis provides the ability to identify disparities between groups by analyzing multiple variables simultaneously. Multiple regression allows for comparisons of people with the same qualities included in the regression, while changing one feature at a time to identify the impact of that quality while holding all else constant. The variables included in the regression are listed below, along with what they are being compared to (the comparison category). When looking at the impact of being Black in the regression, the analysis can identify how the chances of being searched or having discovery occur during a search compared to the comparison group (White), when holding all other variables constant. Due to low case counts, the Middle Eastern/South Asian, Multiracial, Pacific Islander, and Native American categories were combined into an Other Race category. Table D.3.1. Variables and Comparisons included in regression Variable Included Comparison Age 1 to 7 Age - Over 25 Age 8 to 11 Age - Over 25 Age 12 to 14 Age - Over 25 Age 15 to 17 Age - Over 25 Age 18 to 24 Age - Over 25 Asian White Black White Hispanic/Latine(x) White Other Race White Female Male Trans or Gender Nonconforming Male LGBT Non-LGBT Limited English Fluent English Any Disability No Disability Two regressions were conducted. The first analyzed the impact of demographics on the chances that someone would be searched as part of a stop, using the complete RIPA data set (4,721,135 stops). The second regression analyzes whether discovery occurred for those individuals that were searched (596,442 stops). The results of both regressions are displayed using bar graphs, with the bar indicating the direction and size of the change in chances that an individual is searched or has discovery occur. A bar that goes to the left and is negative indicates that in contrast to the comparison group, that feature makes a person less likely to be searched or have discovery occur. In contrast, a bar that goes to the right indicates an increased chance of those things occurring. All variables discussed are statistically significant, meaning that there is a high level of confidence that the differences between the variable and the comparison group did not occur by random chance. 226 Appendix E- Disparity Test Results Table E1. Per Capita Rates by Race and Ethnicity Race/Ethnicity 2022 ACS California Population Estimate 2023 RIPA Stops Reported Stops Per 100,000 California Residents Asian 4,775,061 270,230 5,659.19 Black 2,110,314 573,293 27,166.24 Hispanic/Latine(x) 11,791,203 2,033,482 17,245.76 Middle Eastern/South Asian 1,698,400 237,511 13,984.40 Multiracial 5,369,479 57,444 1,069.82 Native American 112,084 13,259 11,829.52 Pacific Islander 135,934 27,100 19,936.15 White 13,153,523 1,508,816 11,470.81 Other 210,106 --- --- Total 39,356,104 4,721,135 11,995.94 227 Table E1b. RIPA Stop Distribution Compared to Statewide Population Distribution by Race and Ethnicity A B C D E F Equation A-B C/B*100 A/B E/E(w) Absolute % Relative % Disparity Ratio of Agency Race/Ethnicity RIPA 2023 ACS 2022 Difference Difference Index Disparity 229 llarevO Asian 5.72 12.13 -6.41 -52.82 0.47 0.49 Black 12.14 5.36 6.78 126.46 2.26 2.37 Hispanic/Latine(x) 43.07 29.96 13.11 43.76 1.44 1.50 Middle Eastern/South 5.03 4.32 0.72 16.58 1.17 1.22 Asian Multiracial 1.22 13.64 -12.43 -91.08 0.09 0.09 Native American 0.28 0.28 0.00 -1.39 0.99 1.03 Other --- 0.53 --- --- --- --- Pacific Islander 0.57 0.35 0.23 66.19 1.66 1.74 White 31.96 33.42 -1.46 -4.38 0.96 --- lapicinuM Asian 5.21 12.13 -6.93 -57.08 0.43 0.45 Black 13.36 5.36 7.99 149.07 2.49 2.60 Hispanic/Latine(x) 43.34 29.96 13.38 44.66 1.45 1.51 Middle Eastern/South 3.72 4.32 -0.59 -13.78 0.86 0.90 Asian Multiracial 1.45 13.64 -12.19 -89.35 0.11 0.11 Native American 0.29 0.28 0.01 2.71 1.03 1.07 Other --- 0.53 --- --- --- --- Pacific Islander 0.59 0.35 0.25 72.07 1.72 1.80 White 32.04 33.42 -1.39 -4.15 0.96 --- Table E1c. RIPA Stop Distribution Compared to Statewide Population Distribution by Race or Ethnicity (All Agencies) Due to its large size, Table E1c is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025.xlsx 230 Figure E1. Change in Chance of Search by Perceived Identity Characteristics Demographics make a significant difference in the chances that a search will occur as part of a stop. Specifically, being a teenager tends to raise the chances of being searched for those between 12 and 14 or 15 and 17. In addition, being perceived as Black or Hispanic/Latine(x), LGBT, having limited English fluency, or having any disability significantly increases the chances that someone will be searched. On the other hand, young children (those younger than 11), young adults (between 18 and 24), Asian, other races, females, and trans and non-binary individuals had lower chances of being searched, holding all else constant. Figure E2. Change in Chance of Discovery During Search by Perceived Identity Characteristics 231 Looking at stops that had a search that occurred, three age groups (those 8 to 11, 12 to 14, or 18 to 24) had a significantly lower chance than those over 25 of having discovery occur. In addition, all race groups were less likely to have discovery compared to White individuals. Similarly, females had a lower chance of having discovery occur, as did LGBT individuals, those with limited English, and those with a physical or mental disability. In contrast, trans and non-binary individuals are more likely than males to have discovery occur. 232 Appendix F- Additional Analyses Dr. Aaron Kupchik is a sociology professor at the University of Delaware whose research focuses on policing of juveniles. Dr. Kupchik was consulted as an independent expert in this field of research and provided several analyses of the RIPA 2023 Stop data that are relevant to youth and policing in the sections below. In addition to authoring several books, Dr. Kupchik is the former president of the American Society of Criminology Division on Corrections and Sentencing, and currently is an executive counselor for the American Society of Criminology. F1. Adultification Bias Analysis The RIPA 2023 stop data was analyzed to explore adultification bias; whether Black youth might be perceived to be older than non-Black youth. For this analysis, stop data was filtered to include stops of all persons under the age of 25 (1-24 years old). Table G1 compares the average perceived age of persons within each race/ethnicity overall, to stops that included 2 or more subjects, stops for traffic violations, and stops for school related reasons. The average age of those stopped is 35.24 for Black individuals, which is higher than for Hispanic/Latine(x) (34.07) and lower than for White individuals (39.73). But when considering only youth (age 24 and under), this pattern reverses, in that the average age of Black youth who are stopped is slightly higher than that of White youth (20.19 vs. 19.97). This disparity is more pronounced among youth who are stopped as part of a group, as the average age of Black youth stopped as part of a group is 19.16, compared to 18.47 for White youth stopped as part of a group, on average. Table G1b explores the average difference between perceived ages of youth who are part of the same police stop incident, but of different races. There is no reason to assume that when they are part of a group, Black youth are older than their White peers. By analyzing the mean gap in perceived age within each actual group, we can explore whether Black youth are perceived to be older than their non-Black peers within the same stop event. Overall, when youth are stopped in a group that includes both Black and White youth, the Black youth are perceived to 0.19 years older than their White peers with whom they are stopped. The largest disparity in perceived ages pertained to both race and gender; Black female youth stopped in groups that also include White youth are perceived to be 0.33 years (4 months) older than their White peers. Overall, the data suggest that police perceive Black youth to be older than their actual age during police stops. When age is analyzed as perceived by officers during police stops, there is a clear pattern whereby Black youth are perceived to be older than the White youth with whom they are stopped (0.19 years, or 2.3 months, older), on average. This racial gap in age is most visible for female youth, among whom Black youth are perceived to be 0.33 years (4 months) older, on average. Additional analyses, in which youths’ actual ages can be analyzed to verify these conclusions, would allow for a more conclusive analysis of adultification. 233 F2. Correlation of Handcuffing or Curbside Detention with Other Actions A correlation analysis provides the ability to identify when two or more variables co-occur in relation to each other more than by chance. First, bivariate correlations were calculated between all actions during stop (ADS) and results of stops (ROS) to determine which ADS and ROS outcomes correlate highly with either curbside detention or being handcuffed (each of which is categorized as an ADS). For all stops, the following other outcomes showed a correlation greater than 0.2 with curbside detention: ADS handcuffed r = .2375 ADS asked for consent to search person r =.2163 ADS searched person r =.3084 ADS searched property r =.2561 For all stops, the following other outcomes showed a correlation greater than 0.2 with being handcuffed: ADS remove from vehicle by order r =.2214 ADS sobriety test r =.2381 ADS curbside detention r =.2375 ADS patrol car detention r =.4396 ADS searched person r =.6277 ADS searched property r =.3510 ADS property seizure r =.2378 ROS citation r = -.2777 ROS custodial pursuant to outstanding warrant r = .3038 ROS custodial without warrant r = .5977 ROS field interview card r = .2143 Next, bivariate correlation analyses were conducted for stops of perceived youth (1-24 years old). For stops of youth (age 24 and under), the following other outcomes showed a correlation greater than 0.2 with curbside detention: ADS remove from vehicle by order r = .2463 ADS handcuffed r = .2504 ADS asked for consent to search person r = .2002 ADS searched person r = .2950 234 ADS searched property r = .2539 For stops of youth (age 24 and under), the following other outcomes showed a correlation greater than 0.2 with being handcuffed: ADS remove from vehicle by order r= .2395 ADS sobriety test r = .2390 ADS curbside detention r = .2504 ADS patrol car detention r = .3947 ADS firearm pointed at person r = .2188 ADS searched person r = .5925 ADS searched property r = .3274 ADS property seizure r = .2066 ROS citation r = -.2814 ROS custodial pursuant to outstanding warrant r = .2096 ROS custodial without warrant r = .5720 ROS field interview card r = .2642 Overall, curbside detention shows relatively low correlations with other outcomes. Being handcuffed, however, tends to be highly correlated with search of person (and to a lesser extent of property) and custodial arrest without a warrant. F3. Factor Analysis with all Actions During Stop and Results of Stop A rotated principal factor analysis was computed with all ADS and ROS outcomes. A factor analysis measures the extent to which collections of variables tend to co-occur, theoretically because they collectively indicate a consistent underlying (unmeasured) construct. Consistent with the bivariate correlation analysis, it was found that curbside detention did not load highly onto any one factor (i.e., showed no factor loadings greater than 0.40). However, the variable indicating that an individual was handcuffed loaded highly onto a factor that also included the following (factor loadings > 0.4): ADS patrol car detention, ADS searched person, and ROS custodial without warrant. Again, this shows that being handcuffed co-occurs with search of person and custodial arrest without a warrant. F4. Rate of Actions in Relation to Curbside Detention or Handcuffing Table G5 lists the percentages of all stops that result in each ADS and ROS outcome; the percentages of stops involving a curbside detention that also result in each other ADS or ROS; and the ratio of outcome occurrences for curbside detention stops relative to the baseline or overall percentages of stops that result in each outcome (e.g., Ratio for ADS Removed from Vehicle = % of All Curbside Detentions that also result in ADS Removed from Vehicle / the 235 baseline % of all stops that result in ADS Removed from Vehicle). It also shows the percentages of curbside detentions specifically involving Hispanic/Latine(x) individuals that resulted in each other outcome, the percentages of curbside detentions specifically involving Black individuals that resulted in each other outcome, and the percentages of curbside detentions specifically involving White individuals that resulted in each other outcome. Each of these analyses were repeated for stops that result in ADS handcuffed instead of curbside detention. Finally, the entire set of calculations were repeated for stops of youth (i.e., youth age 24 and under). The columns comparing associated outcomes across individuals identified as Hispanic/Latine(x), Black and White show interesting but inconsistent findings. There are a number of outcomes that fewer White individuals who are detained curbside experience relative to others, such as being removed from vehicle, handcuffed, search of person, or field interview card completed (this includes analyses of all ages and of youth under age 25). But there are others that are consistent across racial/ethnic groups or that are so rare across each group that comparisons are difficult, and a few outcomes that White youth who are detained curbside are more likely to also experience, such as property seized or in field cite and release. Among youth who are handcuffed, White youth are less likely to also experience removal from vehicle, field sobriety test (for all ages but not for youth), having a firearm pointed at them, warning, field interview card completed, or search of property. For example, youth identified as Black are almost twice as likely to have a firearm pointed at them compared to youth identified as White (8.2% compared to 4.2%). In contrast, White youth who are handcuffed are more likely to experience patrol car detention, property seizure, or custodial arrest pursuant to an outstanding warrant. When aggregating actions involving use of force, we see a consistent pattern whereby individuals who are people of color, and particularly Black individuals, are at substantially greater risk of use of force of any kind than are White individuals. This is true for all individuals as well as youth, for those who are detained curbside and those who are handcuffed, and for each aggregate outcome: any use of force, any use of lethal force, any use of less lethal force, and any use of limited force. For example, among youth who are handcuffed, 4.5% of White youth are subjected to any use of less lethal force compared to 8.6% of Black youth. Figures G1 – G4 show the ratios calculated in Table G5. Again, these highlight the extent to which stops resulting in either curbside detention or handcuffs also result in other outcomes, relative to the baseline frequency of each other outcome. Figures G1 and G2 show the ADS outcomes and the ROS outcomes for all individuals respectively. Figures G3 and G4 show the ADS outcomes and the ROS outcomes, respectively, for youth under the age of 25. In these figures, any ratio greater than 1.0 indicates that a greater percentage of stops that result in either handcuffs (represented by black bars) or curbside detention (represented by grey bars) also results in that particular outcome, relative to the percentage of overall stops that result in that outcome. For example, in Figure G1 we see that stops resulting in handcuffs are 6.14 times more likely to result in a search of person compared to all cases (ratio = 6.14) and stops resulting in curbside detention are 3.43 times more likely to result in search of person (ratio = 3.43). 236 Overall, these figures illustrate that, for all individuals including youth, stops that result in curbside detention and handcuffs are also at greater risk of most other outcomes. Many of the comparisons that seem robust in Figures G1-G4, such as the results electronic device used, should be interpreted cautiously because they are based on comparisons of very low rates (e.g., 0.07% of individuals detained curbside experience an electronic device used compared to 0.03% of all stops). But others occur more frequently, making it easier to form conclusions based on the data, and show considerably higher rates among individuals who were detained curbside or handcuffed. For all ages, including youth, this includes outcomes such as search of a person, search of property, patrol car detention, removal from a vehicle, property seizure, custodial arrest without warrant, field interview card completed, custodial arrest without warrant, and custodial arrest with an outstanding warrant. F5. Use of Force in Stops of Youth Table G6 displays police stops involving youth perceived to be in each racial/ethnic group that result in use of force – overall and by category – are shown. The Hispanic/Latine(x)/White Relative Risk Ratios for use of each type of force as well as the Black/White Relative Risk Ratios and the Native American/White Relative Risk Ratios are also displayed. These Relative Risk Ratios are simply the comparison of the rate of Black (or Hispanic/Latine(x), or Native American) youths’ experiences relative to the rate of White youths’ experiences, obtained by dividing the percentage of one group that experiences each use of force by percentage of the comparison group (youth identified as White). There is clear racial disparity in the use of force during police stops of youth, with Black youth, Native American youth, and Hispanic/Latine(x) youth all facing greater risk of use of force than White youth. Overall, 20.7% of youth identified as Black, 12.8% identified as Hispanic/Latine(x), 18.0% identified as Native American, and 6.9% identified as White experience any use of force in police stops. Further, 18.9% of youth identified as Black, 11.3% of youth identified as Hispanic/Latine(x), 16.5% of youth identified as Native American, and 5.5% of youth identified as White are handcuffed during stops. These racial disparities are more clearly illustrated by the Relative Risk Ratios. The data show that for youth identified as Black, the risk of any use of force is 3.0 times greater than for youth identified as White, while the risk of less lethal force is 6.2 times greater, the risk of the use of limited force is 3.0 times greater, and the risk of the use of handcuffs is 3.4 times greater. For youth identified as Hispanic/Latine(x), the risk of any use of force is 1.9 times greater than for youth identified as White, while the risk of less lethal force is 2.6 times greater, the risk of use of limited force is 1.9 times greater, and the risk of use of handcuffs is 2.0 times greater. For youth identified as Native American, the risk of any use of force is 2.6 times greater than for youth identified as White, while the risk of less lethal force is 3.5 times greater, the risk of use of limited force is 2.6 times greater and the risk of use of handcuffs is 3.0 times greater. (Relative 237 Risk Ratios for use of lethal force was not calculated because the comparison rate for youth who were perceived as White is 0%.) 238 Appendix G- Tables and Figures from Appendix F Table G1. Comparison of Mean Perceived Age by Racial Groups Age 24 and Under Only All Stops Reason: Reason: All All with 2+ Traffic School Stops Stops Subjects Violation Related Hispanic/Latine(x) 34.07 20.22 18.76 20.49 14.46 Black 35.24 20.19 19.16 20.66 13.93 White 39.73 19.97 18.47 20.14 14.57 Asian American 38.70 20.40 18.53 20.54 14.08 Middle Eastern / South Asian 36.61 20.62 18.69 20.70 14.62 Native American 37.36 19.97 18.51 20.32 14.78 Pacific Islander 36.13 20.21 18.72 20.44 14.86 Multi-Racial 36.12 19.89 17.93 20.21 14.43 Overall 36.44 20.17 18.77 20.42 14.42 Table G1b. Comparison of Mean Perceived Ages, by Race and Gender, Within Groups of Co-Stopped Individuals Age 24 and Under Mean Within Group Mean Within-Group Difference: Mean Within Group Difference: Black- Hispanic/Latine(x)- Difference: Male- White White Female Overall 0.190 0.107 0.176 Male Youth 0.125 0.092 Female Youth 0.325 0.142 Black Youth 0.193 Hispanic/Latine(x) Youth 0.158 White Youth 0.213 239 Table G2. Comparing Demographics of Individuals Age 24 and Younger Stopped by Police to Population, Statewide and Selected Cities California Los Angeles San Diego % stops % population % stops % population % stops % population Hispanic/Latine(x) 52.25 33.96 58.67 37.48 44.63 18.74 Black (only) 11.29 3.45 26.06 4.51 14.25 2.71 White (only) 26.16 20.48 9.58 16.12 28.73 51.57 Asian American 4.84 8.48 2.62 5.37 6.84 7.95 Middle Eastern/South Asian 4.29 2.67 4.18 Native American 0.26 0.92 0.06 0.83 0.07 Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.55 0.27 0.17 0.00 0.73 Other Race 15.53 21.10 7.09 Multi-racial 0.36 16.90 0.17 14.59 0.58 11.94 Black (and any other racial identification) 11.71 26.36 14.98 Table G2 (continued). Comparing Demographics of Individuals Age 24 and Younger Stopped by Police to Population, Statewide and Selected Cities San Jose San Francisco Fresno % stops % population % stops % population % stops % population Hispanic/Latine(x) 61.62 28.94 41.02 19.04 61.64 38.29 Black (only) 6.59 2.00 24.49 4.63 8.77 4.38 White (only) 13.83 13.75 16.57 25.87 17.77 12.98 Asian American 11.75 24.89 8.41 25.69 4.54 7.82 Middle Eastern/South Asian 5.46 7.33 6.86 Native American 0.05 0.88 0.14 0.00 0.19 1.12 Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.66 0.00 1.47 0.00 0.12 0.00 Other Race 15.01 7.62 15.29 Multi-racial 0.04 14.53 0.57 17.15 0.11 20.12 Black (and any other racial identification) 6.77 25.19 8.93 Note: Stop data aggregated based on 'Nearest City' variable; population data from US Census American Community Survey for 2022 population of each city. 240 Table G3. Statewide Police Stops 2023: Reason for Stop by Race (%), for Individuals Perceived as Age 24 and Younger Middle Eastern/ Asian South Native Pacific Multi- Hispanic/Latine(x) Black White American Asian American Islander Racial Total Traffic Violation 84.28 74.25 88.28 91.63 94.35 79.25 86.04 84.59 84.98 Reasonable Suspicion 12.88 21.84 9.64 7.11 4.88 15.54 11.26 12.25 12.42 On Supervision 0.57 0.70 0.20 0.09 0.06 0.74 0.20 0.43 0.44 Warrant 0.77 1.43 0.52 0.25 0.22 1.86 1.06 0.83 0.73 Truancy Investigation 0.54 0.63 0.50 0.33 0.19 0.88 0.62 0.70 0.52 Consensual Encounter 0.81 0.98 0.72 0.53 0.25 1.30 0.68 0.97 0.77 Education Code 0.04 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.23 0.00 0.03 0.04 School Violation 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.05 0.04 0.19 0.15 0.20 0.11 241 Table G4. Statewide Police Stops 2023: Officer Actions and Results of Stop, by Race (%), for Individuals Perceived as Age 24 and Younger Middle Native Eastern/ American Hispanic/ Asian South Native Pacific Multi- in Fresno Latine(x) Black White American Asian American Islander Racial Total (n=161) Any Officer Action No 72.75 62.03 84.71 88.35 90.45 68.84 80.74 79.59 76.24 52.80 Yes 27.25 37.97 15.29 11.65 9.55 31.16 19.26 20.41 23.76 47.20 Results of Stop (not mutually exclusive) None 7.71 10.10 6.31 5.11 3.86 8.00 8.13 5.39 7.32 10.56 Warning 30.26 31.59 33.70 29.94 26.25 31.74 31.53 28.53 31.13 35.40 Citation 51.87 41.14 54.30 60.96 67.78 42.16 51.59 57.22 52.41 32.30 Custody With Warrant 1.04 2.16 0.72 0.25 0.24 2.65 1.19 0.90 1.02 2.48 Custody Without Warrant 7.26 10.19 4.05 2.69 2.20 13.87 5.65 5.33 6.31 16.77 Any Other 6.20 11.36 3.92 3.46 2.36 5.77 5.41 7.42 5.89 9.94 Notes: Citation includes both citation and in field cite release; Custody includes both custodial warrant and custodial without warrant; Any Other includes field interview card, criminal transport, contact legal guardian, psych hold, U.S. Homeland, referral school admin, and referral school counselor; "In Fresno" identified by closest city (Fresno or Parlier), agency (CSU Fresno PD, Fresno Co SO, Fresno PD, Fresno Yosemite Airport, or Parlier PD), or ORI indication of county (Fresno, Kings, Madera, or Tulare) 242 Table G5. Percent of Stops Resulting in Curbside Detention or Handcuff That Also Resulted in Other Actions During Stop or Results of Stop, Overall and by Race, All Stops and for Individuals Under Age 25 Due to its large size, Table G5 is available in an .xslx file at https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ripa-appendix-tables-2025-table-g5.xlsx 243 Table G6. Percentages of Police Stops of Youth (Age 24 and Younger) that Result in Use of Force, by Race, and the Hispanic/Latine(x)/White, Black/White and Native American/White Relative Risk Ratios Middle Hispanic/ Native Eastern Latine(x) Black/ American/ Hispanic/ Asian / South Native Pacific Multi- All /White White White Latine(x) Black White American Asian American Islander Racial Youth RRR RRR RRR Any Use of Force 12.80 20.67 6.87 4.62 3.97 18.01 9.07 10.85 11.35 1.86 3.01 2.62 Any Use of Lethal Force 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.01 n/a n/a n/a Any Use of Less Lethal Force 0.74 1.79 0.29 0.20 0.24 1.02 0.99 0.47 0.70 2.55 6.17 3.52 Any Use of Limited Force 12.72 20.50 6.83 4.59 3.94 17.92 8.97 10.82 11.27 1.86 3.00 2.62 Use of Handcuffs 11.26 18.90 5.53 3.75 3.06 16.49 7.78 8.82 9.89 2.04 3.42 2.98 244 245 246 247 248 Appendix H: 2024 Complaint and Youth Policies Survey 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(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:17)(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:20) (cid:2)-(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:17)(cid:28)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:28)(cid:2)(cid:14)#(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2) (cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:4)(cid:18)(cid:8).(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:3)!(cid:23)$(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:20)"(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:4)(cid:28)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:18)*(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:28).(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:2) (cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:30)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:25)(cid:2)/(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22) (cid:2) (cid:10)0123(cid:11)456(cid:10)378(cid:12)12(cid:2)9(cid:2)-(cid:13)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:28)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:8)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:14)#(cid:6)(cid:2)/(cid:8)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:24)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:26)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:28) (cid:2):(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:2) ;(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:19)<(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:28)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:25)=(cid:2)>??@ABCCDEFGHIFJKFLHMCDNOPGQH@CRSTUVWX (cid:2)Y(cid:6)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:25)(cid:2) (cid:24)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)*(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:4) Z[\]2\(cid:2)4\2^81_(cid:2)38(cid:2)3‘\(cid:2)254a\b(cid:2)cb(cid:2)d5[b(cid:2)ef(cid:2)ghgi (cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:19)<(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:2)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:9) (cid:23)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:18)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:2)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:14)#(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:20)(cid:2)/(cid:22)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:2)/(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)#(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:14)/(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:16)(cid:2)/(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:7)#(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:9) $(cid:30)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:28)(cid:2)!(cid:19)#(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19) (cid:31) ;(cid:6)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:2)$(cid:30)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:24)(cid:28)(cid:2)j(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:0)(cid:2) (cid:10) (cid:23)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:14)#(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:20)(cid:2)k(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:0)(cid:2) ’ (cid:23)l(cid:13)(cid:2)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:2)j(cid:6)(cid:15)*(cid:4)(cid:8) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:14) (cid:29)(cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:24)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:10) (cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:14) (cid:16)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:19) &(cid:30)(cid:11)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)!(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:21)"(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10) (cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)!(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:31)!(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:9)#(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:13)$(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:10)%(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:25)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10)!(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:7)!(cid:10) (cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:10) (cid:31)(cid:10)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:18)(cid:10) (cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:30) (cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:19) )(cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:19)(cid:10)’((cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:2)!(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)!(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:10) (cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:14) (cid:16)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:19) *(cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:13)(cid:19)%(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:10) (cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:14) (cid:16)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:19) ((cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:24)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:26)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:13)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:26)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:2)!(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:10) (cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:10) (cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:14) (cid:16)(cid:2) !(cid:21)(cid:23)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:26)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2) (cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:0)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:31)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:2) (cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:21) (cid:22)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:17) &’(cid:21)$(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:6)%(cid:2)(cid:2) (cid:2) "(cid:7)(cid:6) #(cid:12) &&(cid:21)$(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:4)((cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:18)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:2))(cid:4)(cid:21)(cid:7)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:2) (cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:6)*%(cid:2)(cid:2) (cid:2) "(cid:7)(cid:6) #(cid:12) &(cid:28)(cid:21)$(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:2))(cid:25)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:7)+(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:21)*%(cid:2)(cid:2) (cid:2) "(cid:7)(cid:6) #(cid:12) (cid:22)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:17) &-(cid:21)(cid:23)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:14),(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:25)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:0)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:31)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:25)(cid:2) (cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:21) (cid:22)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:17) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:12) (cid:17)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:28)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) (cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11) (cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:23)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11) (cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:16) (cid:17)$(cid:30) (cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:20)!(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:6)"(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)"(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:22)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:6)#(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:22)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:28)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) (cid:0)(cid:11)(cid:12) (cid:31)(cid:2) (cid:17)%(cid:30) (cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:20)!(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:6)"(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)"(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:22)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:8)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:16)!(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:28)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) (cid:0)(cid:11)(cid:12) (cid:31)(cid:2) (cid:17)-(cid:30)&(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:16)(cid:11)(cid:12)"(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:8)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:27)(cid:2)(cid:6)#(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:12)*(cid:6)"(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)"(cid:16)(cid:2)!(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:2)"(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:6) "(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:30)(cid:6)&(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:4)*(cid:6)"(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)"(cid:16)(cid:2)!(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:11)+"(cid:8)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:6),(cid:11)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:3)"(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) &(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:9)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:2)"(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:6)’(cid:9)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:2)"(cid:30) (cid:31)() (cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:16) (cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:30) (cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:20)!(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:6)"(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:12)"(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:28)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) (cid:0)(cid:11)(cid:12) (cid:31)(cid:2) (cid:17).(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)"(cid:16)(cid:2)!(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:2)"(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:6)"(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:6)&(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:4)*(cid:6)"(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:6)"(cid:16)(cid:2)!(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:11)+"(cid:8)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:6),(cid:11)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:6) (cid:27)(cid:11)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:3)"(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:6) &(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:9)(cid:8)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:2)"(cid:19)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:6)’(cid:9)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:2)"(cid:30) (cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:16) (cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3) (cid:4)(cid:5) (cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3) (cid:4)(cid:5) (cid:28)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:10) (cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7) (cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:31)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3) (cid:4)(cid:5) (cid:28)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:10) (cid:25)((cid:27) (cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:7)$(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:3)%(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:7) (cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:19)%(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:2)&(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)’(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:5)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:21)(cid:5)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:21)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:7)!(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:27) (cid:4)"# (cid:28)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:10) (cid:25)*(cid:27)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:19))(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3) (cid:4)(cid:5) (cid:25),(cid:27)+(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:7) (cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:21)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:7)!(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:27) (cid:28)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:10) (cid:24)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:25)(cid:5)(cid:26)(cid:25) CD(cid:18)(cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:4)#(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:5)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:15)$(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:18)(cid:5) %(cid:22)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:19)(cid:25)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:25)&(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:5) (cid:12)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:22)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:22)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:5) ’(()*+,,-./012/34/516,-7890:1),;<=>?@A(cid:5)B(cid:5) (cid:27)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:18) (cid:31) ! "(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:11) (cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:5)(cid:0)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:5)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:21)(cid:8)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:18) (cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:4)