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California Department of Education (cde) – California School for the Deaf, Fremont (csdf); California School for the Blind (csb); and the Diagnostic Centers (dc) (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review - 07//2019

State Controller's Office · 2019-07-par_csdcsb · State audit · 2019-07-01 · California Department of Education (CDE) – California School for the Deaf, Fremont (CSDF); California School for the Blind (CSB); and the Diagnostic Centers (DC) (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review - 07//2019

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CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION – CALIFORNIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF, FREMONT; CALIFORNIA SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND; AND THE DIAGNOSTIC CENTERS (NORTH, CENTRAL, AND SOUTH) Review Report PAYROLL PROCESS REVIEW March 1, 2015 through February 28, 2018 BETTY T. YEE California State Controller July 2019 BETTY T. YEE California State Controller July 31, 2019 Tony Thurmond, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Department of Education 1430 N Street Sacramento, CA 95814 Dear Mr. Thurmond: The State Controller’s Office has reviewed the California Department of Education (CDE) – California School for the Deaf, Fremont (CSDF); California School for the Blind (CSB); and the Diagnostic Centers (DC) (North, Central, and South) payroll process for the period of March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC management is responsible for maintaining a system of internal control over payroll process within its organization, and for ensuring compliance with various requirements under state laws and regulations regarding payroll and payroll-related expenditures. Our review found material weaknesses in internal control over the CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll process. These weaknesses contributed to CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC employees’ excessive vacation and annual leave balances; improper and questioned payments for separation lump-sum pay, regular pay, overtime pay, holiday credit, settlement pay, and leave buy-back; and long-outstanding unrecovered salary advances, costing the State an estimated net total of $27,869,127. If you have any questions, please contact Andrew Finlayson, Chief, State Agency Audits Bureau, by telephone at (916) 324-6310. Sincerely, Original signed by JIM L. SPANO, CPA Chief, Division of Audits JLS/as Tony Thurmond, State Superintendent -2- July 31, 2019 of Public Instruction cc: Nick Schweizer, Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction California Department of Education Valarie Bliss, Director Personnel Services Division California Department of Education Mark Rodriguez, Chief Administrative Services Division California Department of Human Resources Marissa Revelino, Chief Personnel and Payroll Services Division State Controller’s Office California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Contents Review Report Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1 Objectives, Scope, and Methodology ............................................................................... 2 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 3 Views of Responsible Officials .......................................................................................... 4 Restricted Use .................................................................................................................... 4 Schedule 1—Summary of Findings, California School for the Deaf, Fremont ................ 5 Schedule 2—Summary of Findings, California School for the Blind ................................ 6 Schedule 3—Summary of Findings, Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) ... 7 Findings and Recommendations ........................................................................................... 8 Appendix 1—Sampling Methodology, California School for the Deaf, Fremont ............ A1 Appendix 2—Sampling Methodology, California School for the Blind ............................ A2 Attachment—California Department of Education’s Response to Draft Review Report California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Review Report Summary The State Controller’s Office (SCO) reviewed the California Department of Education (CDE) – California School for the Deaf, Fremont (CSDF); California School for the Blind (CSB); and the Diagnostic Centers (DC) (North, Central, and South) payroll process for the period of March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC management is responsible for maintaining a system of internal control over payroll process within its organization, and for ensuring compliance with various requirements under state laws and regulations regarding payroll and payroll-related expenditures. Our limited review identified material weaknesses in internal control over the CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll process that leave CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC at risk of additional improper payments if not mitigated. We found that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC has a combination of deficiencies in internal control over its payroll process such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement in financial information or noncompliance with provisions of laws, regulations, or contracts will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. Specifically, CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate segregation of duties and compensating controls over their processing of payroll transactions. In addition, CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC inappropriately granted one employee keying access to the State’s payroll system, which leaves payroll data at risk of misuse, abuse, and unauthorized use. These control deficiencies have a pervasive effect on the CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll process, and impair the effectiveness of other controls by rendering their design ineffective or by keeping them from operating effectively. We also found that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked sufficient controls over the processing of specific payroll-related transactions to ensure that it complied with collective bargaining agreements and state laws, and that only valid and authorized payments were processed. As quantified in the Schedule, these control deficiencies contributed to CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC employees’ excessive vacation and annual leave balances; improper and questioned payments for separation lump-sum pay, regular pay, overtime pay, holiday credit, settlement pay, and leave buy-back; and long-outstanding unrecovered salary advances, costing the State an estimated net total of $27,869,127. Background In 1979, the State of California adopted collective bargaining for state employees. This created a significant workload increase for the SCO’s Personnel and Payroll Services Division (PPSD), as PPSD was the State’s centralized payroll processing center for all payroll-related transactions. PPSD decentralized the processing of payroll, allowing state agencies and departments to process their own payroll-related transactions. Periodic reviews of the decentralized payroll processing at state agencies and departments ceased due to the budget constraints in the late 1980s. -1- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review In 2013, the California State Legislature reinstated these payroll reviews to gain assurance that state agencies and departments maintain adequate internal control over payroll, provide proper oversight over their decentralized payroll processing, and comply with various state laws and regulations regarding payroll processing and related transactions. Review Authority Authority for this review is provided by California Government Code (GC) section 12476, which states, “The Controller may audit the uniform state pay roll system, the State Pay Roll Revolving Fund, and related records of state agencies within the uniform state pay roll system, in such manner as the Controller may determine.” In addition, GC section 12410 stipulates that “The Controller shall superintend the fiscal concerns of the state. The Controller shall audit all claims against the state, and may audit the disbursement of any state money, for correctness, legality, and for sufficient provisions of law for payment.” Objectives, Scope, We performed this review to determine whether CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC: and Methodology  Processed payroll and payroll-related disbursements accurately and in accordance with collective bargaining agreements and state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures;  Established adequate internal control over payroll to meet the following control objectives: o Payroll and payroll-related transactions are properly approved and certified by authorized personnel; o Only valid and authorized payroll and payroll-related transactions are processed; o Payroll and payroll-related transactions are accurate and properly recorded; o Payroll systems, records, and files are adequately safeguarded; o State laws, regulations, policies, and procedures are complied with regarding payroll and payroll-related transactions;  Complied with existing controls as part of the ongoing management and monitoring of payroll and payroll-related expenditures;  Maintained accurate records of leave balances; and  Administered and recorded salary advances properly and in accordance with state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures. We reviewed the CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll process and transactions for the period of March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018. For leave balances, we used the most recent and complete balances, which were as of February 28, 2018, at the time of our review. -2- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review To achieve our review objectives, we:  Reviewed state and CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC policies and procedures related to the payroll process to understand CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC’s methodology for processing various payroll and payroll-related transactions;  Interviewed CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll personnel to understand CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC’s methodology for processing various payroll and payroll-related transactions, determine their level of knowledge and ability relating to payroll transaction processing, and gain an understanding of existing internal control over the payroll process and systems;  Selected transactions recorded in the State’s payroll database using statistical sampling, as outlined in the Appendix, and targeted selection based on risk factors and other criteria for review;  Analyzed and tested transactions recorded in the State’s payroll database, and reviewed relevant files and records to determine the accuracy of payroll and payroll-related payments; accuracy of leave transactions; propriety of review and approval of transactions; adequacy of internal control over the payroll process and systems; and compliance with collective bargaining agreements and state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures (errors found in statistically- determined samples were projected to the intended population); and  Reviewed salary advances to determine whether CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC administered and recorded them in accordance with state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures. Conclusion Based on the results of our review, we found that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Did not process payroll and payroll-related disbursements accurately and in accordance with collective bargaining agreements and state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures (see Findings 3 through 10);  Lacked adequate internal control over payroll and payroll-related transactions (see Findings 1 through 10);  Did not maintain accurate records of leave balances (see Findings 4, 8, and 10); and  Did not administer salary advances in accordance with state laws, regulations, policies, and procedures (see Finding 7). -3- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review As quantified in the Schedule and described in the Findings and Recommendations section of this review report, these material weaknesses1 in internal control over the payroll process contributed to CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC employees’ excessive vacation and annual leave balances, improper and questioned payments, and long-outstanding unrecovered salary advances, costing the State an estimated net total of $27,869,127. Views of We issued a draft review report on June 28, 2019. Lupita Cortez Alcalá, Chief Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction of the California Responsible Department of Education, responded by letter dated July 26, 2019 Officials (Attachment) on behalf of CSDF, CSB and DC. CSDF, CSB, and DC stated that they partially concur with Finding 9, and fully concur with the remaining recommendations of the review report. Our response to Finding 9 is included in the Findings and Recommendations section. Restricted Use This report is solely for the information and use of CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC, and the SCO; it is not intended to be and should not be used by anyone other than these specified parties. This restriction is not intended to limit distribution of this report, which is a matter of public record, and is available on the SCO website at www.sco.ca.gov. Original signed by JIM L. SPANO, CPA Chief, Division of Audits July 31, 2019 1 An evaluation of an entity’s payroll process may identify deficiencies in its internal control over the process. A deficiency in internal control exists when the design or operation of a control does not allow management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct, misstatements in financial information, impairments of effectiveness or efficiency of operations, or noncompliance with provisions of laws, regulations, or contracts on a timely basis. Control deficiencies, either individually or in combination with other control deficiencies, may be evaluated as significant deficiencies or material weaknesses. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement in financial information, impairment of effectiveness or efficiency of operations, or noncompliance with provisions of laws, regulations, or contracts will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control that is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention from those charged with governance. -4- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Schedule 1— Summary of Findings California School for the Deaf, Fremont March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018 Issues as a Total Dollar Number of Dollar Amount Number of Percentage of Dollar Dollar Amount of Finding Selections Method of Selection of Selections Selections with Selections Amount of Amount of Known and Number Issues Reviewed Selection Unit Reviewed Issues Reviewed * Known Issues Likely Issues Likely Issues 1 Inadequate segregation of duties and compensating controls over payroll transactions N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 3 Inadequate controls over vacation and annual 6 Targeted Employee $ 8 ,853 6 100% $ 8 ,853 N/A $ 8 ,853 leave balances, resulting in liability for excessive balances 4 Inadequate controls over separation lump-sum 5 4 Targeted Employee 425,483 pay, resulting in improper and questioned payments -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 6 11% (5,606) N/A (5,606) -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 3 6 67% 288,936 N/A 2 88,936 5 Inadequate controls over regular pay, resulting in 133 Statistical Employee 455,642 improper and questioned payments -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 4 4 33% 162,068 $ 2 1,528,341 2 1,690,409 6 Inadequate controls over overtime pay, resulting in 120 Statistical Employee 7 8,715 improper payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 3 8 32% 9,116 3 8,185 4 7,301 -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 2 10% (1,359) (5,693) (7,052) -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 5 1 43% 34,357 1 43,922 1 78,279 -Questioned payments 1 5 Targeted Employee 57,880 1 5 100% 57,880 N/A 5 7,880 7 Inadequate controls over salary advances, 1 Targeted Salary advance transaction 38,147 1 100% 38,147 N/A 3 8,147 resulting in failure to recover outstanding amounts 8 Inadequate controls over holiday credit 105 Targeted Holiday credit transaction 14,739 transactions, resulting in improper and questioned credits -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 1% 105 N/A 1 05 -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 8 8% 934 N/A 9 34 9 Inadequate controls over settlement pay, resulting 4 8 Targeted Settlement transaction 300,086 in improper and questioned payments -Overpayments -- Same selections above -- 1 2% 118 N/A 1 18 -Questioned payments -- Same selections above -- 3 6 75% 240,515 N/A 2 40,515 10 Inadequate controls over leave buy-back, resulting 3 9 Targeted Leave buy-back transaction 66,803 in improper payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 0 26% 5,494 N/A 5,494 -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 0 26% (692) N/A ( 692) Total $ 1 ,446,348 $ 838,866 $ 2 1,704,755 $ 22,543,621 * All percentages are rounded to the nearest full percentage point. ___________________ *All percentages are rounded to the nearest full percentage point. -5- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Schedule 2— Summary of Findings California School for the Blind March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018 Issues as a Total Dollar Number of Dollar Amount Number of Percentage of Dollar Dollar Amount of Finding Selections Method of Selection of Selections Selections with Selections Amount of Amount of Known and Number Issues Reviewed Selection Unit Reviewed Issues Reviewed * Known Issues Likely Issues Likely Issues 1 Inadequate segregation of duties and N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A compensating controls over payroll transactions 2 Inappropriate keying access to the State’s payroll 4 Targeted Employee N/A 1 25% $ - $ - $ - system 3 Inadequate controls over vacation and annual 1 Targeted Employee $ 9 ,276 1 100% 9,276 N/A 9,276 leave balances, resulting in liability for excessive balances 4 Inadequate controls over separation lump-sum 2 5 Targeted Lump-sum transaction 194,720 pay, resulting in improper and questioned payments -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 4 16% (968) N/A ( 968) -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 3 12% 3,096 N/A 3,096 5 Inadequate controls over regular pay, resulting in 100 Statistical Employee 290,057 improper and questioned payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 1% 188 1 3,180 1 3,368 -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 2 6 26% 71,669 5,033,191 5,104,860 6 Inadequate controls over overtime pay, resulting 101 Statistical Employee 5 3,804 in improper payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 2 12% 1,918 2,794 4,712 -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 8 8% (1,568) (2,284) (3,852) 7 Inadequate controls over salary advances, 1 Targeted Salary advance transaction 15,257 1 100% 15,257 N/A 1 5,257 resulting in failure to recover outstanding amounts 8 Inadequate controls over holiday credit 4 2 Targeted Holiday credit transaction 7,681 transactions, resulting in improper and questioned credits -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 2 5% 416 N/A 4 16 -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 6 14% (249) N/A ( 249) 9 Inadequate controls over settlement pay, resulting 2 0 Targeted Settlement transaction 148,377 in improper and questioned payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 5% 3,594 N/A 3,594 -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 1 5% (6,107) N/A (6,107) -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 1 1 55% 61,870 N/A 6 1,870 10 Inadequate controls over leave buy-back, 1 9 Targeted Leave buy-back transaction 28,650 resulting in improper payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 7 37% 1,573 N/A 1,573 Total $ 747,822 $ 159,965 $ 5 ,046,881 $ 5 ,206,846 ___________________ *All percentages are rounded to the nearest full percentage point. -6- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Schedule 3— Summary of Findings Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018 Issues as a Total Dollar Number of Dollar Amount Number of Percentage of Dollar Dollar Amount of Finding Selections Method of Selection of Selections Selections with Selections Amount of Amount of Known and Number Issues Reviewed Selection Unit Reviewed Issues Reviewed * Known Issues Likely Issues Likely Issues 1 Inadequate segregation of duties and N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A compensating controls over payroll transactions 2 Inappropriate keying access to the State’s payroll 4 Targeted Employee N/A 1 N/A $ - $ - $ - system 3 Inadequate controls over vacation and annual 5 Targeted Employee $ 10,337 - - - N/A - leave balances, resulting in liability for excessive balances 4 Inadequate controls over separation lump-sum 8 Targeted Lump-sum transaction 118,368 pay, resulting in improper and questioned payments -Underpayments -- Same selections as above -- 3 38% (2,518) N/A (2,518) -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 1 13% 102 N/A 1 02 6 Inadequate controls over overtime pay, resulting 3 Targeted Employee 1,239 in improper payments -Overpayments -- Same selections as above -- 3 100% 466 N/A 4 66 7 Inadequate controls over salary advances, 1 Targeted Salary advance transaction 6,695 1 100% 6,695 N/A 6,695 resulting in failure to recover outstanding amounts 9 Inadequate controls over settlement pay, resulting 2 3 Targeted Settlement transaction 203,591 in improper and questioned payments -Questioned payments -- Same selections as above -- 1 3 57% 113,915 N/A 1 13,915 Total $ 340,230 $ 118,660 $ - $ 118,660 ___________________ *All percentages are rounded to the nearest full percentage point. -7- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Findings and Recommendations FINDING 1— CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked segregation of duties within its payroll transactions unit adequate to ensure that only valid and authorized payroll Inadequate transactions were processed. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC also failed to segregation of implement other controls to compensate for this risk. duties and compensating GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and controls over maintain internal controls, including proper segregation of duties and an payroll effective system of internal review. Adequate segregation of duties transactions reduces the likelihood that fraud or error will remain undetected by providing for separate processing by different individuals at various stages of a transaction and for independent reviews of the work performed. Our review found that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll transactions unit staff performed conflicting duties. Staff members performed multiple steps in processing payroll transactions, including entering data into the State’s payroll system; auditing employee timesheets; reconciling payroll, including reconciling system output to source documentation; reporting payroll exceptions; and processing adjustments. For example, staff members keyed in regular and overtime pay and reconciled the master payroll, overtime, and other supplemental warrants. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC failed to demonstrate that it had implemented compensating controls to mitigate the risks associated with such a deficiency. We found no indication that these functions were subjected to periodic supervisory review. The lack of adequate segregation of duties and compensating controls has a pervasive effect on the CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll process, and impairs the effectiveness of other controls by rendering their design ineffective or by keeping them from operating effectively. These control deficiencies, in combination with other deficiencies discussed in Findings 2 through 10, represent a material weakness in internal control over the payroll process such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement in financial information or noncompliance with provisions of laws, regulations, or contracts will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. Good internal control practices require that the following functional duties be performed by different work units, or at minimum, by different employees within the same unit:  Recording transactions – This duty refers to the record-keeping function, which is accomplished by entering data into a computer system.  Authorization to execute – This duty belongs to individuals with authority and responsibility to initiate and execute transactions.  Periodic review and reconciliation of actual payments to recorded amounts – This duty refers to making comparisons of information at regular intervals and taking action to resolve differences. -8- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Separate conflicting payroll function duties to the greatest extent possible. Adequate segregation of duties will provide a stronger system of internal control whereby the functions of each employee are subject to the review of another. If it is not possible to segregate payroll functions fully and appropriately, CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC should implement compensating controls. For example, if the payroll transactions unit staff member responsible for recordkeeping also performs a reconciliation process, then the supervisor should perform and document a detailed review of the reconciliation to provide additional control over the assignment of conflicting functions. Compensating controls may also include dual authorization requirements and documented reviews of payroll system input and output; and  Develop formal procedures for performing and documenting compensating controls. CSB and DC lacked adequate controls to ensure that only appropriate staff FINDING 2— had keying access to the State’s payroll system. CSB and DC Inappropriate inappropriately granted one employee keying access to the State’s payroll keying access to the system. If not mitigated, this control deficiency leaves payroll data at risk State’s payroll of misuse, abuse, and unauthorized use. system The SCO maintains the State’s payroll system. The system is decentralized, thereby allowing employees of state agencies to access it. PPSD has established a Decentralized Security Program Manual that all state agencies are required to follow in order to access the State’s payroll system. The program’s objectives are to secure and protect the confidentiality and integrity of payroll data against misuse, abuse, and unauthorized use. We reviewed the records of four CSB and DC employees who had keying access to the State’s payroll system at various times between March 2015 and February 2018. Of the four employees, one had inappropriate keying access to the State’s payroll system. CSB and DC did not have the employees’ keying access immediately removed or modified after the employees’ separation from state service, transfer to another agency or unit, or change in classification. The Decentralized Security Program Manual states, in part: The PPSD system contains sensitive and confidential information. Access is restricted to persons with an authorized, legal, and legitimate business requirement to complete their duties. . . . Currently, PIMS, HIST, KEYM, PIP, LAS, MPC and/or ACAS applications are restricted to Personnel Specialists or Personnel Technician classifications because their need is by definition a function of their specific job duties and any change in those duties requires a reevaluation of the need for access. -9- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review If the employee’s duties change, such that the need for access no longer exists, the access privilege MUST be removed or deleted immediately by a request submitted by the department/campus. . . . To prevent unauthorized use by a transferred, terminated or resigned employee’s user ID, the Security Monitor must IMMEDIATELY submit all pages of the PSD125A to delete the user’s system access. Using an old user ID increases the chances of a security breach which is a serious security violation. Sharing a user ID is strictly prohibited and a serious violation. Recommendation We recommend that CSB and DC:  Provide adequate controls to ensure that employees with keying access to the State’s payroll system do not enter their own data into the system;  Update keying access to the State’s payroll system immediately after employees leave CSB and DC, transfer to another unit, or change classifications; and  Periodically review access to the system to verify that access complies with the Decentralized Security Program Manual. CSDF and CSB failed to implement controls to ensure that they adhere to FINDING 3— the requirements of collective bargaining agreements and state regulations Inadequate to limit the accumulation of vacation and annual leave credits. This controls over deficiency resulted in liability for excessive leave balances with a value of vacation and at least $8,853 for CSDF and $9,276 for CSB as of February 28, 20182. annual leave We expect the liability to increase if CSDF and CSB do not take action to balances, resulting address the excessive vacation and annual leave balances. in liability for excessive balances Collective bargaining agreements and state regulations limit the amount of vacation and annual leave that most state employees may accumulate to no more than 80 days (640 hours). The limit on leave balances helps state agencies manage leave balances and control the State’s liability for accrued leave credits. State agencies may allow employees to carry a higher leave balance only under limited circumstances. For example, an employee may not be able to reduce accrued vacation or annual leave hours below the limit due to business needs. When an employee’s leave accumulation exceeds or is projected to exceed the limit, state agencies should work with the employee to develop a written plan for reducing leave balances below the applicable limit. For CSDF, payroll records show that six employees exceeded the limit set by collective bargaining agreements and state regulations as of February 28, 2018. For example, one employee had an accumulated balance of 677 hours of annual leave, or 37 hours beyond the 640-hour limit. Collectively, the six employees accumulated 323 hours of excess vacation and annual leave, with a value of at least $8,853 as of February 28, 2018. 2At the time of our review, we used the most recent and complete vacation and annual leave balances, which were as of February 28, 2018. -10- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review For CSB, payroll records show that one employee exceeded the limit set by collective bargaining agreements and state regulations as of February 28, 2018. This one employee had an accumulated balance of 784 hours of excess annual leave, exceeding the limit by 144 hours and having a value of at least $9,276 as of February 28, 2018. The estimated liabilities do not adjust for salary rate increases and additional leave credits.3 Accordingly, we expect that the amount needed to pay for this liability will be higher. If CSDF and CSB do not take action to reduce the excessive leave balances, the liability for accrued vacation and annual leave will likely increase. This is because most employees will receive salary increases or use other non-compensable leave credits instead of vacation or annual leave, increasing their vacation or annual leave balances. The state agency responsible for paying these leave balances may face a cash flow problem if a significant number of employees with excessive vacation or annual leave balances separate from state service. Normally, state agencies are not budgeted to make these separation lump-sum payments. However, the State’s current practice dictates that the state agency that last employed an employee pays for that employee’s lump-sum separation payment, regardless of where the employee accrued the leave balance. Recommendation We recommend that CSDF and CSB:  Implement controls, including existing policies and procedures, to ensure that their employees’ vacation and annual leave balances are maintained within levels allowed by collective bargaining agreements and state regulations;  Conduct ongoing monitoring of controls to ensure that they are implemented and operating effectively; and  Participate in leave buy-back programs if the State offers such programs and funds are available. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate controls over the processing FINDING 4— of employee separation lump-sum pay. For CSDF, we identified $5,606 in Inadequate underpayments and $288,936 in questioned payments for separation lump- controls over sum pay. For CSB, we identified $968 underpayments and $3,096 in separation lump- questioned costs. For DC, we identified $2,518 underpayments and $102 sum pay, resulting in questioned costs. If not mitigated, these control deficiencies leave in improper and CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC at risk of additional improper separation questioned lump-sum payments. payments 3Most state employees receive pay rate increases every year pursuant to state laws and/or collective bargaining agreements until they reach the top of their pay scale, or promote into a higher-paying position. In addition, when an employee’s accumulated leave balances upon separation are calculated for lump-sum pay, the employee is credited with additional leave credits equal to the amount that the employee would have earned had the employee taken time off and not separated from state service. -11- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review GC section 19839 allows lump-sum payment for accrued eligible leave credits when an employee separates from state employment. Collective bargaining agreements include similar provisions regarding separation lump-sum pay. For CSDF, payroll records show 54 lump-sum pay transactions, for a total of $425,483. We examined all 54 transactions; of those transactions, CSDF underpaid six employees by $5,606; we questioned 36 of the 54 transactions with costs in the amount of $288,935. For CSB, payroll records show 25 lump-sum pay transactions, for a total of $194,720. We examined all 25 transactions; of those transactions, CSB underpaid four employees by $968; we questioned three of the 25 transactions with costs in the amount of $3,096. For DC, payroll records show eight lump-sum pay transactions, for a total of $118,368. We examined all eight transactions; of those transactions, DC underpaid transactions for three employees by $2,518, and one of the eight transactions involved a questioned cost in the amount of $102. Underpayments were made because payroll transactions unit staff members miscalculated leave balances paid and failed to include the leave credits that employees that should have been credited if their leave balances were calculated for lump-sum pay. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC also lacked adequate supervisory review to ensure accurate processing of separation lump-sum pay. The questioned costs resulted from a lack of supporting documentation associated with separation lump-sum pay. Without the required documentation, there is no record of calculation and approval of payments for separation lump-sum pay. Therefore, we could not determine the validity, accuracy, and propriety of the payments made to the employees. As a result, we questioned these payments. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including a system of authorization and recordkeeping procedures over expenditures, and an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Establish adequate controls to ensure accurate calculation and payment of separation lump-sum pay;  Maintain documentation supporting payments pursuant to retention policies;  Conduct a review of payments for separation lump-sum pay made during the past three years to ensure that the payments were accurate and in compliance with collective bargaining agreements and state law; and -12- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review  Recover overpayments made to separated employees in accordance with GC section 19838 and State Administrative Manual (SAM) section 8776.6, and properly compensate those employees who were underpaid. CSDF and CSB lacked adequate controls over the processing of regular FINDING 5— pay. For CSDF, we identified $162,068 in questioned costs. For CSB, we Inadequate identified $188 in overpayment and $71,669 in questioned costs. controls over regular pay, For CSDF, payroll records show 15,962 regular pay transactions, for a resulting in total of $60,980,954. Of the 15,962 transactions, we randomly selected a improper and statistical sample of 133 transactions, totaling $455,642. Of the questioned 133 transactions, we questioned 44 transactions, totaling $162,068, payments because CSDF could not provide supporting documentation to show that the payments were valid. Payroll transactions unit staff did not maintain timesheets in accordance with the document retention policy. As we used a statistical sampling method to select the regular pay transactions examined, we projected the amount of likely questioned costs to be approximately $21,528,341. The following table summarizes the results of our statistical sampling for CSDF: Known questioned payments $ 162,068 Divide by: Sample 455,642 Error rate for projection (not rounded – presented 2 decimals only) 35.57% Population that was statistically sampled 60,980,954 Multiply by: Error rate for projection 35.57% Known and likely questioned payments (differences due to rounding) 21,690,409 Less: Known questioned payments 162,068 Likely questioned payments $ 21,528,341 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. For CSB, payroll records show 6,684 regular pay transactions, for a total of $20,660,193. Of the 6,684 transactions, we randomly selected a statistical sample of 100 transactions, totaling $290,057. Of the 100 transactions, one was overpaid by $188 and 26 of the regular pay transactions involved questioned costs, totaling $71,669, due to missing documentation to support that the payments were valid. As we used a statistical sampling method to select the regular pay transactions examined, we projected the amount of likely improper and questioned costs to be approximately $5,046,371. -13- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review The following table summarizes the results of our statistical sampling for CSB: Known improper and questioned payments $ 71,857 Divide by: Sample 290,057 Error rate for projection (not rounded – presented 2 decimals only) 24.77% Population that was statistically sampled 20,660,193 Multiply by: Error rate for projection 24.77% Known and likely improper and questioned payments (differences due to rounding) 5,118,228 Less: Known improper and questioned payments 71,857 Likely improper and questioned payments $ 5,046,371 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. Multiplying by percentage points past two decimals could lead to rounding differences greater/less than +/- 1 when extrapolated against millions. The questioned costs resulted from a lack of supporting documentation associated with regular pay. Without the required documentation, there is no record of calculation and approval of payments for regular pay. Therefore, we could not determine the validity, accuracy, and propriety of the payments made to the employees. As a result, we questioned these payments. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including a system of authorization and recordkeeping procedures over expenditures, and an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Establish adequate internal controls to ensure that payments for regular pay are accurate and comply with collective bargaining agreements and state law; and  Maintain documentation supporting payments pursuant to retention policies. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate controls over the processing FINDING 6— of overtime pay. For CSDF employees who were paid for less than 150 Inadequate hours of overtime, we identified the known and likely exception for controls over overpayment as approximately $47,301, the known and likely exception overtime pay, for underpayment as approximately $7,052, and the known and likely resulting in exception for questioned costs as approximately $178,279. For CSDF improper employees who were paid for 150 hours or more of overtime, we identified payments $57,880 in questioned costs. For CSB employees who were paid for less than 150 hours of overtime, we identified the known and likely exception for overpayment as approximately $4,712 and the known and likely exception for underpayment as approximately $3,852. For DC, we identified $466 in overpayments. If not mitigated, these control deficiencies leave CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC at risk of additional improper payments for overtime. Collective bargaining agreements, and state laws and policies, contain specific clauses regarding the calculation of overtime compensation. -14- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Payroll records show that CSDF processed 598 overtime pay transactions, totaling $466,330; CSB processed 234 overtime pay transactions, totaling $162,918; and DC processed three overtime pay transactions, totaling $1,239. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC processed the overtime pay between March 1, 2015, and February 28, 2018, as follows: CSDF – Overtime Payment Type by Group Unit Amount Paid for at least 150 hours (items examined 100%) 15 $ 57,880 Paid for less than 150 hours (statistically sampled) 583 408,450 Total population 598 $ 466,330 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. CSB – Overtime Payment Type by Group Unit Amount Paid for at least 150 hours (items examined 100%) 8 $ 30,739 Paid for less than 150 hours (statistically sampled) 226 132,179 Total population 234 $ 162,918 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. For CSDF, we examined all 15 transactions for overtime of 150 hours or more, which totaled $57,880. We questioned all 15 payments for overtime pay because CSDF could not provide supporting documentation to show that the payments were valid and authorized. Therefore, we could not determine the validity of payments for these 15 overtime pay transactions, and questioned the costs. Of the remaining 583 overtime transactions, totaling $408,450, for employees who were paid for less than 150 hours of overtime per transaction, we randomly selected a statistical sample of 120 transactions, totaling $78,715. Of the 120 transactions, CSDF had 38 overpayments in the amount of $9,116; 12 underpayments in the amount of $1,359; and 51 questioned costs in the amount of $34,357. As we used a statistical sampling method to select the overtime pay transactions examined, we projected the net likely improper and questioned payments to be approximately $176,414. The following table summarizes the results of our statistical sampling for CSDF: Known improper and questioned payments, net $ 42,114 Divide by: Sample 78,715 Error rate for projection (not rounded – presented 2 decimals only) 53.50% Population that was statistically sampled 408,450 Multiply by: Error rate for projection 53.50% Known and likely improper and questioned pay, net (difference due to rounding) 218,528 Less: Known improper and questioned payments, net 42,114 Likely improper and questioned payments, net $ 176,414 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. -15- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review For CSB, from the 226 overtime transactions, totaling $132,179, for employees who were paid for less than 150 hours of overtime per transaction, we randomly selected a statistical sample of 101 transactions, totaling $53,804. Of the 101 transactions, CSB had 12 overpayments in the amount of $1,918 and eight underpayments in the amount of $1,568; net amount of $350. As we used a statistical sampling method to select the overtime pay transactions examined, we projected the net likely improper and questioned payments to be approximately $510. The following table summarizes the results of our statistical sampling for CSB: Known improper payments, net $ 350 Divide by: Sample 53,804 Error rate for projection 0.65% Population that was statistically sampled 132,179 Multiply by: Error rate for projection 0.65% Known and likely improper pay (difference due to rounding) 860 Less: Known improper payments 350 Likely improper payments $ 510 _____________ * Amounts in this table are rounded to the nearest dollar. For DC, we examined all three transactions for overtime, totaling $1,239, and found that the three transactions were overpaid by $466. The improper payments were made because CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC payroll transactions unit staff memebers miscalculated employees’ overtime hours. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate supervisory review to ensure accurate processing of overtime compensation. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including a system of policies and procedures adequate to ensure compliance with applicable laws and other requirements, and an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Conduct a review of payments for overtime made during the past three years to ensure that the payments complied with collective bargaining agreements and state laws and policies;  Recover overpayments made to employees through an agreed-upon collection method in accordance with GC section 19838, and properly compensate those employees who were underpaid;  Establish adequate internal controls to ensure that payments are accurate and comply with collective bargaining agreements and state laws and policies; and  Provide adequate oversight to ensure that payroll transactions unit staff process only valid and authorized payments that comply with collective bargaining agreements and state laws and policies. -16- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate controls over salary FINDING 7— advances to ensure that they were recovered in accordance with state law Inadequate and policies. CSDF had salary advances, totaling $38,147, that remained controls over outstanding as of February 28, 2018. CSB had salary advances, totaling salary advances, $15,257, that remained outstanding as of February 28, 2018. DC had salary resulting in failure advances, totaling $6,695, that remained outstanding as of February 28, to recover 2018. The salary advances remained outstanding due to CDE – CSDF, outstanding CSB, and DC’s noncompliance with the State’s collection policies and amounts procedures. The oldest unrecovered salary advance was outstanding for over 20 years. This control deficiency leaves CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC at risk of further failures to collect salary advances if not mitigated. At February 28, 2018, CSDF’s accounting records showed 55 outstanding salary advances, totaling $59,212, including 43 balances totaling $38,147 that had been outstanding for more than 120 days. CSB’s accounting records showed 32 outstanding salary advances, totaling $21,270, including 29 balances totaling $15,257 that had been outstanding for more than 120 days. DC’s accounting records showed eight outstanding salary advances, totaling $6,695, with all balances outstanding for more than 120 days. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC did not comply with the State’s collection policies and procedures. They were unable to provide any supporting documentation; therefore, we were unable to determine whether payments were properly paid and documented and determine whether any attempts had been made to recover the advance funds. Generally, the prospect of collection diminishes as an account ages. When an agency fails to initiate collection of overpayments within three years, the possibility of collection is remote. GC section 19838 and SAM sections 8776 and 8776.7 describe the State’s collection policies and procedures, which require CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC to collect salary advances in a timely manner and maintain proper records of collection efforts. The lack of adequate controls over salary advances reduces the likelihood of collection, increases the amount of resources expended on collection efforts, and negatively impacts cash flow. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Ensure that they recover salary advances in a timely manner pursuant to GC section 19838 and SAM sections 8776 and 8776.7; and  Maintain documentation of their collection efforts and payment of salary advances. -17- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review CSDF and CSB lacked adequate controls over the processing of holiday FINDING 8— credit transactions. For CSB, we found that holiday credit was over- Inadequate accrued by approximately $416 and under-accrued by $249. For CSDF, controls over we found that holiday credit was over-accrued by approximately $105, and holiday credit we questioned $934 of holiday credit due to missing documentation. If not transactions, mitigated, this control deficiency leaves CSDF and CSB at risk of resulting in additional improper holiday credits. improper and questioned credits For CSDF, we examined 105 holiday credit transactions, totaling approximately $14,739. The transactions represented a targeted population with a high risk of receiving holiday credit in error when an employee worked on a holiday. Of the 105 transactions, one transaction was over-accrued by $105 and eight transactions, totaling $934, were questioned due to missing documentation. For CSB, we examined 42 holiday credit transactions, totaling approximately $7,681. The transactions represented a targeted population with a high risk of receiving holiday credit in error when an employee worked on a holiday. Of the 42 transactions, two transactions were over- accrued by $416 and six transactions were under-accrued by $249. CSDF and CSB lacked adequate supervisory review to ensure accurate processing of holiday credits. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CSDF and CSB:  Conduct a review of holiday credits granted during the past three years to ensure that credits complied with collective bargaining agreements and state law;  Correct any improper holiday credits in the State’s leave accounting system; and  Establish adequate controls to ensure that holiday credits granted are valid and comply with collective bargaining agreements and state law. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate controls over the processing FINDING 9— of payments for settlement pay. For CSDF, we identified $118 in Inadequate overpayments, and $240,515 in questioned costs due to missing controls over documentation. For CSB, we identified $3,594 in overpayments, $6,107 settlement pay, in underpayments, and $61,870 in questioned costs due to missing resulting in documentation. For DC, we identified $113,915 in questioned costs due to improper and missing documentation. If not mitigated, this control deficiency leaves questioned CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC at risk of additional improper settlement pay. payments -18- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review For CSDF, payroll records show 48 settlement pay transactions, for a total of $300,086. We examined all 48 transactions;of those transactions, CSDF overpaid one settlement by $118. Thirty-six of the settlements involve questioned costs in the amount of $240,515 due to missing documentation to support that payments were valid. For CSB, payroll records show 20 settlement pay transactions for a total of $148,377. We examined all 20 transactions; of those transactions, CSB overpaid one settlement by $3,594, and underpaid one settlement by $6,107. Eleven of the settlements involve questioned costs in the amount of $61,870 due to missing documentation to support that payments were valid. For DC, payroll records show 23 settlement pay transactions for a total of $203,591. We examined all 23 transactions; of those transactions, we questioned 13 settlements in the amount of $113,915 because DC could not provide supporting documentation to show that the payments were valid. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC were unable to provide supporting documents; therefore, we were unable to determine whether payments were properly paid. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate supervisory review to ensure accurate processing of settlement pay. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including a system of authorization and recordkeeping procedures over expenditures, and an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Establish adequate controls to ensure accurate calculation and payment of settlement pay;  Review settlement payments made during the past three years to ensure that the payments were accurate and in compliance with collective bargaining agreements and state laws;  Recover overpayments made for settlement pay in accordance with GC section 19838 and SAM section 8776.6, and properly compensate those employees who were underpaid; and  Maintain documentation supporting payments pursuant to retention policies. CSDF, CSB, and DC’s Response CSDF, CSB, and DC do not believe the calculation methods utilized in this audit for settlement payments were correct. CSDF, CSB and DC completed the calculations based on the 10-month employees’ wages being paid out over a 12-month period, which does not take place in only one fiscal year. Therefore, reviewing settlement payments for the past three years in not warranted or cost effective. -19- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review SCO Comment We discussed our calculation method for settlement payments with CSDF, CSB, and DC staff before and after the issuance of the draft report; and confirmed that it is consistent with their method. However, we modified the finding based on additional information regarding the underpayments in settlement pay for CSDF and CSB. CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC lacked adequate controls over the processing FINDING 10— of payments for leave buy-back. For CSDF, we identified $5,494 in Inadequate overpayments and $692 in underpayments, and found that leave balances controls over leave were not reduced for 14 employees. For CSB, we identified $1,573 in buy-back, resulting overpayments and found that leave balances were not reduced for six in improper employees. For DC, the leave balances for one employee were not payments reduced. If not mitigated, this control deficiency leaves CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC of having improper payments. For CSDF, payroll records show 39 leave buy-back transactions, for a total of $66,803. We examined all 39 transactions; of those transactions, CSDF overpaid 10 leave buy-backs by $5,494 and underpaid 10 leave buy-backs by $692, and did not reduce the leave balances for 14 employees. For CSB, payroll records show 19 leave buy-back transactions, for a total of $28,650. We examined all 19 transactions; of those transactions, CSB overpaid seven leave buy-backs by $1,573 and did not reduce the leave balances for six employees. For DC, payroll records show 20 leave buy-back transactions, for a total of $26,067. We examined all 20 transactions; of those transactions, DC did not reduce the leave balances for one employee. Payroll transactions unit staff did not follow proper policies to process payments of leave buy-back, resulting in overpayments as outlined above. These overpayments occurred because no written policies have been developed for payroll transactions unit staff to follow in order to ensure accuracy. Failing to reduce leave balances of employees could result in double payment in the future. GC sections 13400 through 13407 require state agencies to establish and maintain internal controls, including a system of policies and procedures adequate to ensure compliance with applicable laws and other requirements, and an effective system of internal review. Recommendation We recommend that CDE – CSDF, CSB, and DC:  Create written policies and procedures for leave buy-back payments to standardize the process; and  Establish adequate internal controls to ensure that leave buy-back payments are accurate. -20- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Appendix 1— Sampling Methodology California School for the Deaf, Fremont March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018 We used attributes sampling for test of compliance. The following table outlines our sampling application for review areas that included errors: Results Expected Projected to Review Type Population Population Sampling Sample Selection Confidence Tolerable Error Sample Intended Finding Area of Test (Unit) (Dollar) Unit Method Level Error Rate (Rate) ¹ Size Population Number Regular Pay Compliance 1 5,962 $60,980,954 Payment Computer-generated 95% 5% 2 (2%) 133 Yes 5 transactions simple random Overtime pay Compliance 5 83 $408,450 Payment Computer-generated 95% 5% 2 (2%) 120 Yes 6 transactions simple random __________________ 1 Pursuant to the AICPA’s Audit Guide: Audit Sampling (May 1, 2017 edition, pages 131-133), the expected error is the expected number of errors planned for in the sample. It is derived by multiplying the expected error rate by the sample size. The expected number of errors in the sampling tables on pages 135-136 was rounded upward, e.g., 0.2 errors becomes 1 error. -A1- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Appendix 2— Sampling Methodology California School for the Blind March 1, 2015, through February 28, 2018 We used attributes sampling for test of compliance. The following table outlines our sampling application for review areas that included errors: Results Expected Projected to Review Type Population Population Sampling Sample Selection Confidence Tolerable Error Sample Intended Finding Area of Test (Unit) (Dollar) Unit Method Level Error Rate (Rate) ¹ Size Population Number Regular Pay Compliance 6,684 $20,660,193 Payment Computer-generated 95% 5% 2 (1.75%) 100 Yes 5 transactions simple random Overtime pay Compliance 2 26 $132,179 Payment Computer-generated 95% 5% 2 (1.75%) 101 Yes 6 transactions simple random _________________________ 1 Pursuant to the AICPA’s Audit Guide: Audit Sampling (May 1, 2017 edition, pages 131-133), the expected error is the expected number of errors planned for in the sample. It is derived by multiplying the expected error rate by the sample size. The expected number of errors in the sampling tables on pages 135-136 was rounded upward, e.g., 0.2 errors becomes 1 error. -A1- California Department of Education – California School for the Deaf, Fremont; California School for the Blind; and the Diagnostic Centers (North, Central, and South) Payroll Process Review Attachment— California Department of Education’s Response to Draft Review Report State Controller’s Office Division of Audits Post Office Box 942850 Sacramento, CA 94250 http://www.sco.ca.gov S18-PAR-9007