SCO
Tehama County
Custody of Minors-Child Abduction and Recovery
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TEHAMA COUNTY
Audit Report
CUSTODY OF MINORS – CHILD ABDUCTION
AND RECOVERY PROGRAM
Chapter 1399, Statutes of 1976;
Chapter 162, Statutes of 1992;
and Chapter 988, Statutes of 1996
July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2022
M M. C
ALIA OHEN
C
ALIFORNIA
S
TATE
C
ONTROLLER
November 2024
MALIA M. COHEN
CALIFORNIA STATE CONTROLLER
November 14, 2024
CERTIFIED MAIL—RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
The Honorable Krista Peterson, Auditor-Controller
Tehama County
444 Oak Street, Room J
Red Bluff, CA 96080
Dear Auditor-Controller Peterson:
The State Controller’s Office audited the costs claimed by Tehama County (the county) for the
legislatively mandated Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program for the
period of July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2022.
The county claimed and was paid $291,475 for the mandated program. Our audit found that none
of the claimed costs are allowable, primarily because the county did not provide
contemporaneous source documentation supporting the mandated functions performed or the
actual number of hours devoted to each function.
Following issuance of this audit report, the Local Government Programs and Services Division
of the State Controller’s Office will notify the county of the adjustment to its claims via a
system-generated letter for each fiscal year in the audit period.
This final audit report contains an adjustment to costs claimed by the county. If you disagree
with the audit finding, you may file an Incorrect Reduction Claim (IRC) with the Commission on
State Mandates (Commission). Pursuant to the Commission’s regulations, outlined in Title 2,
California Code of Regulations, section 1185.1, subdivision (c), an IRC challenging these
adjustments must be filed with the Commission no later than three years following the date of
this report, regardless of whether this report is subsequently supplemented, superseded, or
otherwise amended. IRC information is available on the Commission’s website at
www.csm.ca.gov/forms/IRCForm.pdf.
MAILING ADDRESS P.O. Box 942850, Sacramento, CA 94250
SACRAMENTO 3301 C Street, Suite 700, Sacramento, CA 95816 | 916.324.8907
LOS ANGELES 901 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 200, Monterey Park, CA 91754 | 323.981.6802
Ms. Krista Peterson
November 14, 2024
Page 2 of 2
If you have any questions regarding this report, please contact Lisa Kurokawa, Chief,
Compliance Audits Bureau, by telephone at 916-327-3138. Thank you.
Sincerely,
Original signed by
Kimberly A. Tarvin, CPA
Chief, Division of Audits
KAT/rs
Copy: Matthew Rogers, District Attorney
Tehama County
Chris Hill, Principal Program Budget Analyst
Local Government Unit
California Department of Finance
Ted Doan, Finance Budget Analyst
Local Government Unit
California Department of Finance
Darryl Mar, Manager
Local Reimbursements Section
State Controller’s Office
Everett Luc, Supervisor
Local Reimbursements Section
State Controller’s Office
MAILING ADDRESS P.O. Box 942850, Sacramento, CA 94250
SACRAMENTO 3301 C Street, Suite 700, Sacramento, CA 95816 | 916.324.8907
LOS ANGELES 901 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 200, Monterey Park, CA 91754 | 323.981.6802
Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Contents
Audit Report
Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1
Background ........................................................................................................................ 1
Audit Authority.................................................................................................................. 2
Objective, Scope, and Methodology ................................................................................. 2
Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 3
Follow-up on Prior Audit Findings .................................................................................. 3
Views of Responsible Officials .......................................................................................... 3
Restricted Use .................................................................................................................... 3
Schedule—Summary of Program Costs .............................................................................. 4
Finding and Recommendation .............................................................................................. 6
Attachment—County’s Response to Draft Audit Report
Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Audit Report
Summary The State Controller’s Office (SCO) audited the costs claimed by Tehama
County (the county) for the legislatively mandated Custody of Minors –
Child Abduction and Recovery (CAR) Program for the period of July 1,
2019, through June 30, 2022.
The county claimed and was paid $291,475 for costs of the mandated
program. Our audit found that the claimed costs are unallowable, primarily
because the county did not provide contemporaneous source
documentation supporting the mandated functions performed or the actual
number of hours devoted to each function.
Background Chapter 1399, Statutes of 1976, established the mandated CAR Program,
based on the following laws:
• Civil Code section 4600.1 (repealed and added as Family Code
sections 3060 through 3064 by Chapter 162, Statutes of 1992);
• Penal Code (PC) sections 278 and 278.5 (repealed and added as PC
sections 277, 278, and 278.5 by Chapter 988, Statutes of 1996); and
• Welfare and Institutions Code section 11478.5 (repealed and added as
Family Code section 17506 by Chapter 478, Statutes of 1999; last
amended by Chapter 759, Statutes of 2002).
These laws require the District Attorney’s (DA’s) Office to assist persons
having legal custody of a child in:
• Locating their children when they are unlawfully taken away;
• Gaining enforcement of custody and visitation decrees and orders to
appear;
• Defraying expenses related to the return of an illegally detained,
abducted, or concealed child;
• Civil court action proceedings; and
• Guaranteeing the appearance of offenders and minors in court actions.
On September 19, 1979, the State Board of Control (now the Commission
on State Mandates) determined that this legislation imposed a state
mandate reimbursable under Government Code (GC) section 17561.
The parameters and guidelines establish the state mandate and define
reimbursement criteria. The Commission on State Mandates adopted the
parameters and guidelines on January 21, 1981; they were last amended
on October 30, 2009. In compliance with GC section 17558, the SCO
issues the Mandated Cost Manual for Local Agencies (Mandated Cost
Manual) for mandated programs to assist local agencies in claiming
reimbursable costs.
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Audit Authority
We conducted this performance audit in accordance with GC
sections 17558.5 and 17561, which authorize the SCO to audit the
county’s records to verify the actual amount of the mandated costs. In
addition, GC section 12410 provides the SCO with general authority to
audit the disbursement of state money for correctness, legality, and
sufficient provisions of law for payment.
Objective, Scope, The objective of our audit was to determine whether claimed costs
represent increased costs resulting from the legislatively mandated CAR
and Methodology
Program. Specifically, we conducted this audit to determine whether
claimed costs were supported by appropriate source documents, were not
funded by another source, and were not unreasonable and/or excessive.
Unreasonable and/or excessive costs include ineligible costs that are not
identified in the program’s parameters and guidelines as reimbursable
costs.
The audit period was July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2022.
To achieve our objective, we performed the following procedures:
• We reviewed the annual mandated cost claims filed by the county for
the audit period and identified the significant cost components of each
claim as salaries, benefits, and related indirect costs. We determined
whether there were any errors or unusual or unexpected variances
from year to year. We reviewed the claimed activities to determine
whether they adhered to the SCO’s Mandated Cost Manual and the
program’s parameters and guidelines.
• We completed an internal control questionnaire by interviewing key
county staff members. We discussed the claim preparation process
with county staff to determine what information was obtained, who
obtained it, and how it was used.
• We reviewed payroll records for claimed employees. We noted
various issues with the time records that we reviewed; the records
provided as support for the claimed costs did not meet the
requirements of the program’s parameters and guidelines (see the
Finding).
• We interviewed county personnel and reviewed the county’s single
audit and revenue reports to identify potential sources of offsetting
revenues and reimbursements from federal or pass-through programs
applicable to this mandated program. We found that the county did not
receive offsetting revenue for this mandate during the audit period.
We conducted this performance audit in accordance with generally
accepted government auditing standards. Those standards require that we
plan and perform the audit to obtain sufficient, appropriate evidence to
provide a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our
audit objective. We believe that the evidence obtained provides a
reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our audit
objective.
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Conclusion As a result of performing the audit procedures, we found an instance of
noncompliance with the requirements described in our audit objective. We
did not find that the county claimed costs that were funded by other
sources; however, we did find that the county claimed unsupported costs,
as quantified in the Schedule and described in the Finding and
Recommendation section. The costs claimed by the county that were not
supported by appropriate source documents are also unreasonable and/or
excessive.
For the audit period, the county claimed and was paid $291,475 for costs
of the legislatively mandated CAR Program. Our audit found that the
entire amount is unallowable.
Following issuance of this audit report, the SCO’s Local Government
Programs and Services Division will notify the county of the adjustment
to its claims via a system-generated letter for each fiscal year in the audit
period.
Follow-up on We have not previously conducted an audit of the county’s legislatively
mandated CAR Program.
Prior Audit
Findings
Views of We issued a draft report on August 7, 2024. The county’s representative
Responsible responded by letter dated August 15, 2024, disagreeing with the audit
results. This final audit report includes the county’s response as an
Officials
attachment.
Restricted Use This audit report is solely for the information and use of the county, the
California Department of Finance, and the SCO; it is not intended to be,
and should not be, used by anyone other than these specified parties. This
restriction is not intended to limit distribution of this audit report, which is
a matter of public record and will be available on the SCO website at
www.sco.ca.gov.
Original signed by
Kimberly A. Tarvin, CPA
Chief, Division of Audits
November 14, 2024
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Schedule—
Summary of Program Costs
July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2022
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Schedule (continued)
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u m m a r y : J u ly 1 , 2 0 1 9 , th r o u g h J u n e
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$ 2 2 6 ,3 2 1
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_________________________
1 See the Finding and Recommendation section.
2 Adjusted for rounding errors.
3 Payment amount current as of June 26, 2024.
Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Finding and Recommendation
The county claimed $226,321 in salaries and benefits for the audit period.
We determined that the entire amount is unallowable. The related
unallowable indirect costs total $65,154, for total unallowable costs of
$291,475. The costs are unallowable primarily because the county did not
provide contemporaneous source documentation supporting the mandated
functions performed nor the actual number of hours devoted to each
function.
The following is a summary of the unallowable salaries and benefits, the
related indirect costs, and the audit adjustment:
-6-
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Im m a te ria l a d ju s tm e n t d u e to ro u n d in g
[ A + B ]
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FINDING—
Unsupported salaries,
benefits, and related
indirect costs
The county claimed two cost components (Compliance with Court Orders
and Return of Children to Custodian) for fiscal year (FY) 2019-20 and
FY 2020-21 and one cost component (Compliance with Court Orders) for
FY 2021-22. The county claimed two DA Investigators for FY 2019-20
and one DA Investigator for FY 2020-21 and FY 2021-22.
To support the hours claimed, the county provided bi-weekly timesheets
that are completed by employees to document total hours worked for
different assignments. The timesheets list the pay period, name of
employee, title of employee, table of assignments with overtime
delineated, and different leave types (workers’ compensation,
management leave, leave without pay, vacation, compensatory time,
holiday, or family/sick leave).
For all fiscal years in the audit period, the timesheets provided to support
hours claimed do not reconcile to the mandated cost claims filed. After
discussions with DA’s Office staff members, we determined that DA
Investigators estimate their hours on their timesheets based on the program
budgeted salary indicated on their Personnel Action Form. The DA
Investigators claimed for each fiscal year are budgeted 50% to the Child
Abduction assignment and 50% to a different assignment (e.g., Welfare
Fraud, Auto Insurance, etc.). DA staff members also explained that
claimed hours include non-productive leave types such as workers’
compensation, management leave, leave without pay, vacation,
compensatory time, holiday, and family/sick leave. As evidenced in the
timesheets, there is no breakdown within the child abduction assignment
that shows how much time was spent on specific mandated activities.
Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
The county provided child abduction case logs identifying incidents in
which agencies contacted parties about compliance with court orders
involving children and/or child custody disputes. Child abduction case
names and numbers are logged in the child abduction case log and an
activity code (e.g., 1. Compliance with Court Order; 2a. Out-of-
Jurisdiction Order USA; 2b. Out of Jurisdiction International; 3. Secure
Offender Appearance; 4. Return of Children to Custodian) is also
identified. The case logs do not provide dates or a breakdown within the
activity to show how much time was spent on specific mandated activities.
Furthermore, after discussions with DA’s Office staff, we noted that DA
Investigators also take on “good cause” cases. DA Investigators work on
approximately 70% to 80% of the “good cause” cases that the DA’s Office
receives. Time spent on activities related to “good cause” cases is
unallowable because the parameters and guidelines do not identify such
cases as reimbursable. The parameters and guidelines incorporate
requirements of PC sections 278 and 278.5 as amended by Chapter 988,
Statutes of 1996. This law, known as the Parental Kidnapping Prevention
Act, also added PC section 278.7. However, PC section 278.7 was not
incorporated into the parameters and guidelines; therefore, any costs
claimed under this section are not reimbursable.
During our fieldwork, the county provided a sample of child abduction
case files for the audit period. Case files include a standardized intake form
on which the assigned DA Investigator manually enters the action taken,
date, time, activity type, parties of the case, and case tracking number. DA
Investigators use the form to summarize the actions taken—typically
phone calls or field visits—and note the date and time of the call or visit
and the results. However, the child abduction case files do not describe the
mandated functions performed or specify the actual number of hours
devoted to each function.
Section V., “Reimbursable Costs,” of the parameters and guidelines
begins:
To be eligible for mandated cost reimbursement for any fiscal year, only
actual costs may be claimed. Actual costs are those costs actually
incurred to implement the mandated activities. Actual costs must be
traceable and supported by source documents that show the validity of
such costs, when they were incurred, and their relationship to the
reimbursable activities. A source document is a document created at or
near the same time the actual cost was incurred for the event or activity
in question. Source documents may include, but are not limited to,
employee time records or time logs, sign-in sheets, invoices, and
receipts.
Section VI.A, “Non-Reimbursable Costs,” of the parameters and
guidelines states:
Costs associated with criminal prosecution, commencing with the
defendant’s first appearance in a California court, for offenses defined in
Sections 278 or 278.5 of the Penal Code, wherein the missing, abducted,
or concealed child(ren) has been returned to the lawful person or agency.
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
Section VII.A.1., “Salary and Employees’ Benefits” of the parameters and
guidelines states, in part:
Identify the employee(s), show the classification of the employee(s)
involved, describe the mandated functions performed and specify the
actual number of hours devoted to each function, the productive hourly
rate, and the related benefits. . . .
Recommendation
We recommend that the county:
• Follow the SCO’s Mandated Cost Manual and the mandated
program’s parameters and guidelines when preparing its
reimbursement claims; and
• Ensure that claimed costs are actual costs and supported by source
documentation.
County’s Response
This Office is in receipt of the above-referenced draft report, wherein the
audit found that all costs claimed by this Office are unallowable. This
Office respectfully, but completely, disagrees with the findings and
conclusions of the audit.
For context, the Tehama County District Attorney’s Office started our
Child Abduction and Recovery Program (“CAR”) reimbursement
program reluctantly and with great trepidation, based on prior negative
experiences with SB90 reimbursement programs. We were assured that
the CAR programs were receiving reimbursement in a timely manner
and that we would have the same experience with state reimbursement.
Contemporaneously with the aforementioned assurances, this Office also
prosecuted a heinous double homicide which was based in large part on
child custody issues, wherein the murderer did not want to comply with
a court-ordered custody agreement.
We recognized both a need and an opportunity to start a more robust,
CAR reimbursable program and did so as modestly as possible by
funding only one-half of an Investigator and attendant expenses. The
program was a success and provided support to allied law enforcement
agencies while at the same time taking a proactive approach to CAR
issues. We truly believe that our program prevented crime and kept
children safer.
In the same vein, to clarify a point at page six of the draft, the Tehama
County District Attorney’s Office only assigned one Investigator to work
on the CAR program for 50% of their time. The wording of the draft
audit at page six could be interpreted to indicate that we had multiple
Investigators in the CAR assignment, which was never done.
Our disagreement with the audit’s findings was made clear to the audit
team during our exit interview. The draft audit states at several points,
such as at page six, that “The costs are unallowable primarily because
the county did not provide contemporaneous source documentation
supporting the mandated functions performed nor the actual number of
hours devoted to each function.” We disagree with this assertion, but in
order to avoid belaboring the point, will simply summarize our process:
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
• A full-time Investigator was assigned to the CAR program at 50%
as reflected on Tehama County Personnel Action Forms.
• The assigned Investigator worked in the CAR program 50% of the
time as directed.
• The assigned Investigator maintained their County timecards to
reflect their 50% assignment.
• The assigned Investigator maintained CAR case logs and authored
reports to document CAR activities.
This Office fails to see how the above-referenced documentation does
not comport with Section V of the parameters and guidelines, as
referenced at page seven of the draft report. Section V defines source
documentation:
A source document is a document created at or near the same
time the actual cost was incurred for the event or activity in
question. Source documents may include, but are not limited
to, employee time records or time logs, sign in sheets, invoices,
and receipts.
Clearly, the aforementioned documents fall into Section V’s delineated
categories and were created at or near the same time the actual cost was
incurred. The draft report acknowledges as much at page six,
Case files include a standardized intake form on which the
assigned DA Investigator manually enters the action taken,
date, time, activity type, parties of the case, and case tracking
number. DA Investigators use the form to summarize the
actions taken – typically phone calls or field visits – and note
the date and time of the call or visit and the results.
The draft audit report then reaches a conclusion not supported by its own
previous summary by stating, “However, the child abduction case files
do not describe the mandated functions performed or specify the actual
number of hours devoted to each function.” The conclusion as quoted
does not logically follow the summary recited just one sentence before.
The draft audit report attempts to impose a standard of record keeping
not required by Section V and which, quite frankly, is likely unattainable
in programs such as this. The level of record keeping suggested by the
draft audit may be realistic for an assignment that does not require field
work or interaction with the public but is completely unrealistic for an
assignment such as this that necessitates field work, travel and
interaction with upset and difficult individuals, just to name a few
essential functions. We were informed during our exit conference that
this audit team had performed “six to eight” similar audits of CAR
programs and that all had negative findings such as ours that disallowed
all claimed expenses. This Office finds that statement striking and clearly
indicative of a serious problem with both the SB90 program and the
corresponding audits.
Further, the draft audit asserted that Investigators’ work on “good cause”
cases is not reimbursable, but this assertion is flawed. “Good cause”
cases refer to a parent with physical custody of a child, pursuant to a
lawful court order, who wishes to withhold the child from the other
parent out of fear for the child’s safety. The parent reporting to the
District Attorney’s Office that they are withholding their child is to say
that they are not stealing or kidnapping the child, but are keeping the
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Tehama County Custody of Minors – Child Abduction and Recovery Program
child for the safety of the child. This activity falls squarely within
Compliance with Court Order, a reimbursable activity, because the court
order governing child custody is being violated by the withholding
parent.
This Office takes issue with the draft audit’s assertion that non-
productive leave is an unallowable expense, but at page eight quotes
parameters and guidelines, Section VII.A.1, to include, “…related
benefits…” Leave time is a negotiated, contractual benefit earned by an
employee during the course of their employment and this Office
disagrees with the assertion that leave time is non-reimbursable.
The audit team repeatedly indicated that they believe we did the work
with respect to the CAR program and that they do not doubt that the work
was done. A conclusion that no costs were allowable - no salary, no
benefits and no attendant expenses - flies in the face of the audit team’s
statements and is unsupported by the thorough documentation provided
by this Office.
Should the draft report become final and the county be required to
reimburse the state $291,475 for 100% of the costs of three years of the
CAR program the District Attorney’s Office will not continue the CAR
program in its current form, an unfortunate reality which will spell the
end of a successful program that has enhanced the safety of children in
Tehama County.
SCO’s Response
Our finding and recommendation remain unchanged. We will address the
county’s comments in the order in which they appear in the county’s draft
report response.
On page 2, the county summarizes its CAR Program process as follows:
• A full-time Investigator was assigned to the CAR program at 50% as
reflected on Tehama County Personnel Action Forms.
• The assigned Investigator worked in the CAR program 50% of the time
as directed.
• The assigned Investigator maintained their County timecards to reflect
their 50% assignment.
• The assigned Investigator maintained CAR case logs and authored
reports to document CAR activities.
This Office fails to see how the above-referenced documentation does not
comport with Section V of the parameters and guidelines, as referenced at
page seven of the draft report. Section V defines source documentation:
A source document is a document created at or near the same time
the actual cost was incurred for the event or activity in question.
Source documents may include, but are not limited to, employee
time records or time logs, sign in sheets, invoices, and receipts.
The county prepared timesheets using predetermined percentages on the
Personnel Action Forms to report the time that employees worked on
mandate-related activities. Because the county determined these
percentages before the employees performed the activities, the
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percentages do not reflect actual hours worked on the mandated program
as required by the parameters and guidelines.
The county’s response states on page 2:
Clearly, the aforementioned documents fall into Section V’s delineated
categories and were created at or near the same time the actual cost was
incurred. The draft report acknowledges as much at page six,
Case files include a standardized intake form on which the
assigned DA Investigator manually enters the action taken, date,
time, activity type, parties of the case, and case tracking number.
DA Investigators use the form to summarize the actions taken –
typically phone calls or field visits – and note the date and time of
the call or visit and the results.
As discussed previously, the timesheets provided by the county are not
adequate source documentation. We reviewed the county’s timesheets,
case logs, and case files, and determined that the documents did not—
separately or in conjunction with one another—describe (or specify) the
actual number of hours devoted to each reimbursable activity or function.
The county stated to us on several occasions that the time increments
claimed were estimated, not actual.
The county’s response also states:
Further, the draft audit asserted that Investigators’ work on “good cause”
cases is not reimbursable, but this assertion is flawed. “Good cause” cases
refer to a parent with physical custody of a child, pursuant to a lawful court
order, who wishes to withhold the child from the other parent out of fear for
the child’s safety. The parent reporting to the District Attorney’s Office that
they are withholding their child is to say that they are not stealing or
kidnapping the child, but are keeping the child for the safety of the child.
This activity falls squarely within Compliance with Court Order, a
reimbursable activity, because the court order governing child custody is
being violated by the withholding parent.
We disagree. Activities performed related to PC section 278.7, commonly
referred to as “good cause cases,” are not considered reimbursable
mandated activities. Furthermore, the documentation provided as support
for the claims did not contain the detail required to determine the mandated
functions performed or identify employees’ time spent on activities related
to cases under PC section 278.7.
On page 3 of its response, the county states:
This Office takes issue with the draft audit’s assertion that non-productive
leave is an unallowable expense, but at page eight quotes parameters and
guidelines, Section VII.A.1, to include, “…related benefits…” Leave time
is a negotiated, contractual benefit earned by an employee during the course
of their employment and this Office disagrees with the assertion that leave
time is non-reimbursable.
We disagree. Section V. of the parameters and guidelines states, in part:
The claimant is only allowed to claim and be reimbursed for increased
costs for the reimbursable activities…increased cost is limited to the cost
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of an activity that the claimant is required to incur as a result of the
mandate.
Non-productive leave earned by an employee under contract with the
county is not a reimbursable cost. Only increased costs actually incurred
as a result of this mandate are eligible for reimbursement. The county
previously stated that hours claimed included non-productive leave hours;
those non-productive hours cannot be claimed for reimbursement, as they
are not an increased cost required by the mandate.
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Attachment—
County’s Response to Draft Audit Report
State Controller’s Office
Division of Audits
Post Office Box 942850
Sacramento, CA 94250
www.sco.ca.gov
S24-MCC-0008